1911 Tour de France

May 2020 May 2019 1911 Tour de France Route of the 1911 Tour de France.png Route of the 1911 Tour de France followed clockwise, starting in Paris Map of France with the route of the 1911 Tour de France on it, showing that the race started in Paris, went clockwise through France and ended in Paris after fifteen stages. 360px 2–30 July 1911 15 5343 km 43 points Gustave Garrigou FRA Paul Duboc FRA Émile Georget FRA 1910 1912 The 1911 Tour de France was the ninth edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 2 to 30 July. It was composed of 15 stages over 5343 km mi, ridden at an average speed of 27.322 km/h.Augendre 2016 108 The results were computed by giving each rider points according to his finishing position on each stage, and the rider with the fewest points at the end of the race won the overall competition. It was a gruelling tour, with the longest stage, 470 km long, taking almost 18 hours for the fastest riders to complete. Out of the 84 riders who started the tour, only 28 completed the race. After the introduction of the Pyrenees in the previous edition, in 1911 the Alps were first visited; for this addition, the 1911 edition has been named the first modern Tour.McGann McGann 2006 30–35 Newcomer Paul Duboc won four stages and was close to winning the Tour, but he fell sick midway through the race while he was in second place in the general classification. The winner was Gustave Garrigou, who also won two stages. Innovations and changes In 1910, the Tour de France included the Pyrenees mountains for the first time. That was a success, so in 1911, the Tour organisers also included the Alps.http://www.veloarchive.com/races/tour/1911.php 1911: Faber meets his Galibier 16 April 2009 Tom James 14 August 2003 https://web.archive.org/web/20190408150001/http://www.veloarchive.com/races/tour/1911.php 8 April 2019 live The favourite mountain of the Tour organiser Henri Desgrange was the Col du Galibier, about which he wrote "O, col Bayard, O, Tourmalet... next to Galibier you are worthless."https://www.cyclingrevealed.com/timeline/Race%20Snippets/TdF/TdF1911.htm Barry Boyce 2004 Cycling revealed The Grand Galibier 4 January 2010 During the 1910 Tour, cyclists had protested against the inclusion of high mountains, but at the 1911 Tour, all important cyclists were present.Amels 1984 15–16 What did not change was the points system; similar to the 1905–1910 Tours, this race was decided on points. A cyclist received points, based on their rankings. As in 1910, the points system was "cleaned up" two times: after the ninth stage and after the 14th stage. Cyclists who had abandoned the race were removed from the rankings of the previous stages, and the classification was recalculated. Since 1906, the Tour de France had crossed the German border into Alsace-Lorraine. After 1910, the German authorities did not allow this any more, so the Tour stayed in France.Thompson 2006 68 Teams List of teams and cyclists in the 1911 Tour de France thumb|upright|Gustave Garrigou after winning the race. As in the year before, there were two categories of riders. The best riders started in sponsored teams; there were four different teams, with 37 riders in total.The history of the Tour de France – Year 1911 – The starters http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1911/partants.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 3 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200403025750/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1911/partants.html dead The stages had checkpoints where riders had to sign, and on these checkpoints, the sponsored riders were allowed to be given food and drinks. The other category consisted of 47 isolated riders; they were not allowed to be given food or drinks during these checkpoints. The previous edition had been a close battle between teammates Octave Lapize and François Faber from the Alcyon team, won by Lapize. Lapize had changed teams to the La Française team, where he was joined by former winner Lucien Petit-Breton (winner in 1907 and 1908).McGann McGann 2006 30–35 Petit-Breton was a late replacement for Cyrille van Hauwaert, who was not feeling healthy enough to ride the Tour.http://aalst.courant.nu/index.php?page=3&mod=krantresultaat&q=%22ronde+van+frankrijk%22&datering=&qt=paragraaf&pagina=&sort=datum+asc%2Ckrant+asc%2Cpagina+asc&paragraaf=29&doc=11&p=3&paragraaf=60&y=536 Wielrijden – De Ronde van Frankrijk 28 June 1911 De Volksstem Documentatiecentrum en Archief voor Daensisme en Hedendaagse Geschiedenis van de Denderstreek 27 October 2013 nl 3 https://web.archive.org/web/20131029212420/http://aalst.courant.nu/index.php?page=3&mod=krantresultaat&q=%22ronde+van+frankrijk%22&datering=&qt=paragraaf&pagina=&sort=datum+asc%2Ckrant+asc%2Cpagina+asc&paragraaf=29&doc=11&p=3&paragraaf=60&y=536 29 October 2013 dead Race overview 1911 Tour de France, Stage 1 to Stage 8 1911 Tour de France, Stage 9 to Stage 15 The first stage was won by Garrigou, a teammate of Faber at Alcyon. In that first stage, Petit-Breton had to leave the race after a series of unfortunate events.Amels 1984 15–16 The Alcyon team also won the second stage with Masselis. The third stage was won by Faber, after a 206 km solitary breakaway. During that stage, Émile Georget was leading when he was hit by a car and fell down a ravine.Amels 1984 15–16 In the same stage, Faber had passed a checkpoint without signing, and as a penalty he had to stop for two and a half minutes. Despite this, he still won with an advantage of 17 minutes, and took the lead in the general classification.McGann McGann 2006 30–35 In the fourth stage, Garrigou took back the lead from his teammate Faber. At that point, Faber became insecure, as he knew that Garrigou was a good climber, while the big Faber had troubles in the mountains.McGann McGann 2006 30–35 In the alps, Georget was the best. Garrigou finished well before Faber, and was now leading by 10 points.McGann McGann 2006 30–35 The sixth stage, with only small mountains, was won by Faber, after a 260 km solitary breakaway, but because Garrigou came in second, he was still in the lead. In third place was Paul Duboc, a surprising newcomer.McGann McGann 2006 30–35 thumb|upright|Paul Duboc finished second overall. Duboc was the strongest in the eighth stage, and after his stage victory, he was in second place in the general classification. In the ninth stage, Faber lost contact with Garrigou in the general classification by finishing in twentieth place. Duboc won again, and had shown that he was a good climber, and was considered a favourite for the tenth stage which also included mountains, and a serious threat for Garrigou in the general classification;Amels 1984 15–16 after this stage, Garrigou was leading with 27 points, while Duboc had 37 points.http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1911_9.php 9ème Tour de France 1911 – 9ème étape Mémoire du cyclisme fr 16 April 2009 https://web.archive.org/web/20090503112804/http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1911_9.php 3 May 2009 dead In that ninth stage, Maurice Brocco who knew that he would not win the Tour, had sold his services to another cyclist. He was removed from the race by Tour organiser Desgrange, who was against cyclists helping each other. Brocco objected against this decision, and pending the decision he was allowed to start the tenth stage from Luchon to Bayonne. In that tenth stage, Brocco attacked and finished first. After the stage, his appeal was rejected and he was removed from the race. Also in the tenth stage, Duboc collapsed just before Bayonne, probably due to food poisoning,https://www.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1911/histoire.html ASO 16 April 2009 1911 – 9th Tour de France https://archive.today/20090504194701/http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/TDF/1911/us/annee.html 4 May 2009 dead attributed to a spiked drink. At that moment, he was leading the stage, eight minutes before the next cyclist. According to the rules, no help was allowed, so other cyclists rode by him while he was lying on the road, vomiting. Duboc was able to get on his bicycle again, and finished the stage in 21st place, which left him no hopes for the victory.McGann McGann 2006 30–35 Nowadays, it is thought that François Lafourcade, a cyclist who performed well in the mountains of the 1910 Tour had something to do with it, but in 1911, the first suspect was his main competitor Garrigou. Garrigou was threatened, and the Tour organisation gave him a bodyguard, and when the Tour passed Duboc's home town, Garrigou was disguised.McGann McGann 2006 30–35 Duboc regained his strengths and won two more stages, but was unable to close the gap to Garrigou in the general classification, so Garrigou became the winner of the race. At the end of the race in Paris, Duboc received a large welcome, overshadowing Garrigou.McGann McGann 2006 30–35 The pre-race favourites had already abandoned early in the race — 1907 and 1908 winner Petit-Breton in the first stage and 1910 winner Lapize in stage four. The winner from 1909, Faber, lasted longer, but he gave up during stage twelve. Results Stage winners + Stage characteristics and winnershttp://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1911.php Mémoire du cyclisme 9ème Tour de France 1911 fr 16 April 2009 https://web.archive.org/web/20090428011049/http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1911.php 28 April 2009 dead Augendre 2016 13http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html#1911 Tour de France GC top ten Arian Zwegers CVCC https://web.archive.org/web/20080516071832/http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html 16 May 2008 live 16 April 2009 The history of the Tour de France – Year 1911 – The stage winners http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1911/vainqueurs.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 2 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200402233101/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1911/vainqueurs.html dead Stage Date Course Distance TypeIn 1911, there was no distinction in the rules between plain stages and mountain stages; the icons shown here indicate which stages included mountains. Winner Race leader 1 2 July Paris to Dunkerque 351 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Gustave Garrigou FRA Gustave Garrigou FRA 2 4 July Dunkerque to Longwy 388 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Jules Masselis BEL Jules Masselis BEL 3 6 July Longwy to Belfort 331 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) François Faber LUX François Faber LUX 4 8 July Belfort to Chamonix 344 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Charles Crupelandt FRA Gustave Garrigou FRA 5 10 July Chamonix to Grenoble 366 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Émile Georget FRA Gustave Garrigou FRA 6 12 July Grenoble to Nice 348 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) François Faber LUX Gustave Garrigou FRA 7 14 July Nice to Marseille 334 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Charles Crupelandt FRA Gustave Garrigou FRA 8 16 July Marseille to Perpignan 335 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Paul Duboc FRA Gustave Garrigou FRA 9 18 July Perpignan to Luchon 289 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Paul Duboc FRA Gustave Garrigou FRA 10 20 July Luchon to Bayonne 326 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Maurice Brocco FRA Gustave Garrigou FRA 11 22 July Bayonne to La Rochelle 379 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Paul Duboc FRA Gustave Garrigou FRA 12 23 July La Rochelle to Brest 470 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Marcel Godivier FRA Gustave Garrigou FRA 13 26 July Brest to Cherbourg-en-Cotentin 405 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Gustave Garrigou FRA Gustave Garrigou FRA 14 28 July Cherbourg to Le Havre 361 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Paul Duboc FRA Gustave Garrigou FRA 15 30 July Le Havre to Paris 317 km mi on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Marcel Godivier FRA Gustave Garrigou FRA Total 5343 km 0 onAugendre 2016 108 General classification Of the 84 starting cyclists, 28 finished. The winner, Gustave Garrigou, received 5000 francs for his victory. + Final general classification (1–10)The history of the Tour de France – Year 1911 – Stage 15 Le Havre > Paris http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1911/1500/etape.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 2 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200402214402/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1911/1500/etape.html dead Rank Rider Team Points 1 Gustave Garrigou FRA Alcyon 43 2 Paul Duboc FRA La Française 61 3 Émile Georget FRA La Française 84 4 Charles Crupelandt FRA La Française 109 5 Louis Heusghem BEL Alcyon 135 6 Marcel Godivier FRA La Française 141 7 Charles Cruchon FRA La Française 145 8 Ernest Paul FRA Alcyon 153 9 Albert Dupont BEL Le Globe 158 10 Henri Devroye BEL Le Globe 171 Final general classification (11–28) Rank Rider Sponsor Points 11 Firmin Lambot BEL Le Globe 178 12 Henri Cornet FRA Le Globe 190 13 Paul Deman BEL – 198 14 Julien Maitron FRA La Française 216 15 Jules Deloffre FRA – 218 16 Georges Paulmier FRA Automoto 227 17 Ottavio Pratesi ITA 1861 – 251 18 Vincent D'Hulst FRA – 253 19 Alfred Faure FRA Automoto 256 20 Lucien Pothier FRA Le Globe 284 21 Édouard Léonard FRA Automoto 288 22 Constant Ménager FRA Le Globe 291 23 Maurice Pardon FRA Le Globe 291 24 Louis Coolsaet BEL – 300 25 Marius Vilette FRA – 329 26 Ernest Ricaux FRA Automoto 351 27 Pietro Ghislotti ITA 1861 – 377 28 Lucien Roquebert FRA – 392 Other classifications Thirteenth-placed Paul Deman became the winner of the "isolés" category.http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/fr/TDF/1911/histoire.html l'Historique du Tour – Année 1911 fr Amaury Sport Organisation 4 January 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20110705111808/http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/fr/TDF/1911/histoire.html 5 July 2011 dead The organising newspaper l'Auto named Paul Duboc the meilleur grimpeur. This unofficial title is the precursor to the mountains classification.Cleijne 2014 156 Notes References 30em Bibliography Amels Wim De geschiedenis van de Tour de France 1903–1984 Valkenswaard, Netherlands Sport-Express 1984 nl 978-90-70763-05-3 Jacques Augendre Jacques Augendre http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf Guide historique Historical guide 2016 fr 27 October 2016 Tour de France Paris Amaury Sport Organisation https://web.archive.org/web/20160817121602/http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf 17 August 2016 live Cleijne Jan Legends of the Tour https://books.google.com/books?id=3nCNAwAAQBAJ 2014 London Head of Zeus 978-1-78185-998-8 McGann Bill McGann Carol The Story of the Tour de France: 1903–1964 1 https://books.google.com/books?id=jxq20JskqMUC Dog Ear Publishing Indianapolis 2006 978-1-59858-180-5 Thompson Christopher S. The Tour de France: A Cultural History https://books.google.com/books?id=M-vUF6Y_4RUC University of California Press Oakland, California 2006 978-0-520-24760-4 Further reading Mapping Le Tour Ellis Bacon HarperCollins Publishers Glasgow 2014 40–41 9780007543991 872700415 External links 1911 Tour de France 1 8 9 15 Category:1911 in road cycling Category:1911 in French sport 1911 Category:July 1911 sports events in Europe