1 Samuel 6

First Book of Samuel chapter 1 Samuel 6 1 Samuel 5 chapter 5 1 Samuel 7 chapter 7 First book of Samuel Old Testament 9 Nevi'im 3 Former Prophets Leningrad-codex-08-samuel.pdf 250px The pages containing the Books of Samuel (1 & 2 Samuel) in Leningrad Codex (1008 CE). 1 Samuel 6 is the sixth chapter of the First Book of Samuel in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible or the first part of the Books of Samuel in the Hebrew Bible.Halley 1965 179 According to Jewish tradition the book was attributed to the prophet Samuel, with additions by the prophets Gad and Nathan,Hirsch Emil G. SAMUEL, BOOKS OF http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/13080-samuel-books-of www.jewishencyclopedia.com but modern scholars view it as a composition of a number of independent texts of various ages from c. 630–540 BCE.Knight 1995 62Jones 2007 197 This chapter describes how the Ark of Covenant was returned to Israel by the Philistines, a part of the "Ark Narrative" (1 Samuel 4:1–7:1) within a section concerning the life of Samuel (1 Samuel 1:1–7:17).Chapman 2016 90 Text This chapter was originally written in the Hebrew language. It is divided into 21 verses. Textual witnesses Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), Aleppo Codex (10th century), and Codex Leningradensis (1008).Würthwein 1995 35-37 Fragments containing parts of this chapter in Hebrew were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls including 4Q51 (4QSama; 100–50 BCE) with extant verses 1–13, 16–18, 20–21.Ulrich 2010 266–267Dead sea scrolls - 1 SamuelFitzmyer 2008 354Q51 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library Extant ancient manuscripts of a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint (originally was made in the last few centuries BCE) include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century) and Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century).Würthwein 1995 73-74The whole book of 1 Samuel is missing from the extant Codex Sinaiticus.Codex Sinaiticus Places Israel 240 right Southern part of Israel Places mentioned in this chapter Israel 32.055556 35.289528 Red_pog.svg 6 Shiloh 100 top Israel 31.745556 34.986667 Blue_pog.svg 6 Beth Shemesh 80 right Israel 31.8048 35.1124 Blue_pog.svg 6 Kiriath Jearim 80 right Israel 31.8 34.65 Blue_pog.svg 6 Ashdod 100 left Israel 31.666667 34.566667 Blue_pog.svg 6 Ashkelon 100 left Israel 31.7 34.847 Blue_pog.svg 6 Gath 100 bottom Israel 31.516667 34.45 Blue_pog.svg 6 Gaza 100 bottom Israel 31.77889 34.84992 Blue_pog.svg 6 Ekron 100 top Israel 31.5 35.3 Blue_pog.svg 1 Dead Sea 100 right Israel 33 34 Red_pog.svg 1 Mediterranean Sea 100 right Ashdod Ashkelon Beth Shemesh Ekron Gath Gaza Kiriath Jearim Period The event in this chapter happened at the end of judges period in Israel, about 1100 BC. The Ark returned to Israel (6:1–19) The Philistines realized that the Ark of the Covenant had to be returned to Israel to stop the plagues (verse 2, cf. 1 Samuel 5:11), so they consulted their priests and diviners to avoid further humiliation (verses 1–9). Two issues were raised in verse 3: What was the appropriate offering to accompany the ark? Was it really YHWH who had humiliated them?Jones 2007 203 The answer for the first concern is to send gifts (cf. Exodus 3:21) on the basis of value ('gold'), corresponding to the victims ('five' for the five lords of the Philistines) and representing the plagues ('tumors' and 'mice').Jones 2007 203 The gifts are called 'guilt offering (ʼašām), serving a double function: as a sacrifice to ensure that YHWH would 'lighten his hand' and as a compensatory tribute to YHWH.Jones 2007 203 They learned from the Exodus tradition 'not to be obstinate and prevent the return of the ark' (verse 6).Jones 2007 203 The answer to the second concern was sought by the use of divination (verses 7–9), utilizing untrained cows, separated from their young calves (therefore inclined to return home), and released unguided, so when the cows went straight to the territory of Israel (in the direction of border city Beth-shemesh; verses 10–18), the Philistines were convinced that the plagues came from YHWH and their gifts were acceptable (verses 16–18).Jones 2007 203 The Israelites celebrated the return of the ark, and utilized the cows to be an appropriate sacrifice for the removal of ritual 'contamination', as the animals and the cart were new, unused, and therefore ritually clean (cf. Numbers 19:2).Jones 2007 203 The sacrifice was performed on a 'large stone of Abel' in the field of an unknown Joshua (verse 18), which afterward also became the resting place for the ark (verse 15).Jones 2007 203 right|thumb|200px|"The Ark is returned to Beth-shemesh" (1 Samuel 6:1-16). Doré's English Bible. 1866 Verse 1 And the ark of the Lord was in the country of the Philistines seven months.1 Samuel 6:1 KJV KJV "In the country": or "in the field"Septuagint in agro, cf. Pagninus, Montanus; apud Gill, "1 Samuel 6" denoting a place outside 'under the open air', because apparently none of the Philistine cities dared to host the ark and the people thought it would deliver them from their calamity.Gill, John. Exposition of the Entire Bible. "1 Samuel 6". Published in 1746-1763. However, Targum states "in the cities of the Philistines", that is, from one city to the other. "Philistines": a group of people coming from the northeastern Mediterranean area (which includes the island of Crete; cf. Amos 9:7) and entering "Palestine" (which is derived from "Philistine") around 1200 BCE.Coogan 2007 405 Hebrew Bible "Seven months": the ark was returned during the wheat harvest (1 Samuel 6:13), so the battles between Israel and the Philistines which led to the capture of the ark happened at the end of autumn or the beginning of winter. Josephus states that the ark was with the Philistines four months only.Josephus, Antiquities book 6, chapter 1, section 4. Verse 5 Therefore you will make images of your tumors and images of your mice that ravage the land. And you will give glory to the God of Israel. Perhaps He will lighten His hand from off you, even from off your gods and from off your land.1 Samuel 6:5 MEV MEV "Tumors" (KJV: emerods): or "bleeding piles", or more probably "boils".Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges. 1 Samuel 5. Accessed 28 April 2019. The mention of "mice" together with "tumors" indicates that the outbreak (cf. 1 Samuel 5:6) could be bubonic plague.Coogan 2007 406 Hebrew Bible The Ark at Kirjath Jearim (6:20–21) Similar to what happened to the Philistines, the ark caused plagues for Israelites when they did not show due respect to it, so the ark was moved from Beth-shemesh to Kiriath Jearim ("city of the forests"), probably due to its previous connection with Baal-worship (cf. 'city of Baal', Joshua 18:14, and 'Baalah', Joshua 15:9, 10).Jones 2007 203 The custodian of the city was Eleazar, son of Abinadab, both had names that often appear in levitical lists.Jones 2007 203 Verse 21 And they sent messengers to the inhabitants of Kiriath Jearim, saying, "The Philistines have brought back the ark of the . Come down, and take it up to you."1 Samuel 6:21 MEV MEV "Kiriath Jearim": now identified with Deir el-Azar (Tel Qiryat Yearim),Cooke Francis T. The Site of Kirjath-Jearim Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 5 1925 105–120 10.2307/3768522 3768522 Robinson E. Edward Robinson (scholar) 1856 https://archive.org/details/laterbiblicalre01smitgoog Later Biblical Researches in Palestine and in the Adjacent Regions - A Journal of Travels in the Year 1852 Boston Crocker & Brewster 156 a place near Abu Ghosh on a hill about 7 miles west of Jerusalem.https://kiriathjearim.wordpress.com/ The Shmunis Family Foundation Excavations at Kiriath-Jearim The Shmunis Family Foundation Excavations at Kiriath-Jearim en 2019-12-29 See also 22em Ark of the Covenant Ashdod Askelon Beth Shemesh Cattle Divination Ekron Gaza Gath Joshua the Bethshemite Korban Philistines Philistine captivity of the Ark Plagues of Egypt Bible Related Bible parts: 1 Samuel 4, 1 Samuel 5 Notes References Sources Commentaries on Samuel Auld Graeme 1 & 2 Samuel https://books.google.com/books?id=2Vo-11umIZQC&dq=There+are+two+common+types+of+strategy+for+reading+the+books+of+Samuel&pg=PA213 James D. G. Dunn and John William Rogerson Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible Eerdmans 2003 9780802837110 Bergen David T. 1, 2 Samuel https://books.google.com/books?id=eGT6fWsajqcC B&H Publishing Group 1996 9780805401073 Chapman Stephen B. 1 Samuel as Christian Scripture: A Theological Commentary Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company 2016 978-1467445160 https://books.google.com/books?id=kS4XDAAAQBAJ Evans Paul 1-2 Samuel The Story of God Bible Commentary Tremper Longman Zondervan Academic 2018 978-0310490944 https://books.google.com/books?id=Uy8-DwAAQBAJ Gordon Robert I & II Samuel, A Commentary https://books.google.com/books?id=JMJ1ZAnswuUC&dq=I+%26+II+Samuel:+a+commentary+Gordon&pg=PA338 Paternoster Press 1986 9780310230229 Hertzberg Hans Wilhelm I & II Samuel, A Commentary https://books.google.com/books?id=friNN7IdjOIC&q=Saul+appointed+anointed+instituted&pg=PA19 Westminster John Knox Press 1964 trans. from German 2nd edition 1960 978-0664223182 19 Tsumura David Toshio The First Book of Samuel https://books.google.com/books?id=iLKAlhLDkMwC Eerdmans 2007 9780802823595 General Breytenbach Andries Past, Present, Future: the Deuteronomistic History and the Prophets Brill 2000 Who Is Behind The Samuel Narrative? https://books.google.com/books?id=uP22QHpnKq8C&dq=Breytenbach+Who+is+behind+the+Samuel+narrative&pg=PA50 Johannes Cornelis de Moor and H.F. Van Rooy 9789004118713 Coogan Michael David Michael D. Coogan The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 Coogan Michael David Marc Zvi Brettler Carol Ann Newsom Pheme Perkins Augmented 3rd Oxford University Press 2007 978-0195288810 https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ Fitzmyer Joseph A. Joseph Fitzmyer A Guide to the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company https://books.google.com/books?id=TILXeWJ2eNAC 2008 9780802862419 Grand Rapids, MI Halley Henry H. Henry Hampton Halley Halley's Bible Handbook: an abbreviated Bible commentary 24th (revised) Zondervan Publishing House 1965 https://archive.org/details/halleysbiblehand00henr registration 0-310-25720-4 Hayes Christine Introduction to the Bible Yale University Press 2015 https://books.google.com/books?id=SKbkXYHxvlAC 978-0300188271 Jones Gwilym H. 12. 1 and 2 Samuel The Oxford Bible Commentary John Barton John Barton (theologian) John Muddiman John Muddiman Oxford University Press first (paperback) 2007 196–232 978-0199277186 https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ February 6, 2019 Klein R.W. Samuel, books of https://books.google.com/books?id=6OJvO2jMCr8C Bromiley, Geoffrey W The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia Eerdmans 2003 9780802837844 Knight Douglas A https://books.google.com/books?id=SNLN1nEEys0C&q=630+BCE&pg=PA62 James Luther Mays, David L. Petersen and Kent Harold Richards Chapter 4 Deuteronomy and the Deuteronomists Old Testament Interpretation T&T Clark 1995 9780567292896 Ulrich Eugene The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants 2010 Brill https://archive.org/details/TheBiblicalQumranScrolls Würthwein Ernst Ernst Würthwein The Text of the Old Testament Wm. B. Eerdmans Grand Rapids, MI 1995 Erroll F. Rhodes 0-8028-0788-7 https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC January 26, 2019 External links Jewish translations: Shmuel I - I Samuel - Chapter 6 (Judaica Press). Hebrew text and English translation [with Rashi's commentary] at Chabad.org Christian translations: Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English) 1 Samuel chapter 6. Bible Gateway 06 Category:Ark of the Covenant