1986 Tour de France

April 2019 May 2019 1986 Tour de France Route of the 1986 Tour de France.png Route of the 1986 Tour de France 360 px 4–27 July 1986 23 + Prologue 4094 km 110h 35' 19" Greg LeMond USA LVC 1986 yellow Bernard Hinault FRA LVC 1986 Urs Zimmermann SUI CAR 1986b Eric Vanderaerden BEL PSC 1986 green Bernard Hinault FRA LVC 1986 polkadot Andrew Hampsten USA LVC 1986 white Greg LeMond USA LVC 1986 combined Gerrit Solleveld NED RAB 1986 red LVC 1986 PSC 1986 Bernard Hinault FRA LVC 1986 1985 1987 The 1986 Tour de France was a cycling race held in France, from 4 July to 27 July. It was the 73rd running of the Tour de France. Greg LeMond of LVC 1986 won the race, ahead of his teammate Bernard Hinault. It was the first ever victory for a rider outside of Europe. Five-time Tour winner Hinault, who had won the year before with LeMond supporting him, had publicly pledged to ride in support of LeMond in 1986. Several attacks during the race cast doubt on the sincerity of his promise, leading to a rift between the two riders and the entire La Vie Claire team. The 1986 Tour de France is widely considered to be one of the most memorable in the history of the sport due to the battle between LeMond and Hinault. Thierry Marie (SUG 1986) took the first race leader's yellow jersey after winning the prologue time trial. The lead then moved to Alex Stieda (MOT 1986) after stage 1, only for Marie to recapture the lead after his team won the team time trial on stage 2. After short stints in the lead for Dominique Gaigne and Johan van der Velde, Jørgen V. Pedersen took the yellow jersey following a breakaway on stage 7 and retained the lead even after the first long time trial, won by Hinault. Stage 12 saw Hinault attack with Pedro Delgado (PDM 1986), who won the stage, while Hinault moved into the lead. Hinault attacked again the following day, but was caught and dropped. LeMond gained back significant time, but still trailed his teammate by 40 seconds. LeMond would move into the yellow jersey after stage 17, when Hinault fell behind on the climb of the Col d'Izoard. Stage 18 to Alpe d'Huez saw LeMond and Hinault finish hand-in-hand, with the latter winning the stage. LeMond's overall victory was sealed when Hinault was unable to overcome his deficit in the final time trial on stage 20. Urs Zimmermann (CAR 1986b) finished third, and was the only rider who posed a threat to the La Vie Claire team, who also had the 4th placed rider in Andy Hampsten. In the race's other classifications, Hinault won the mountains classification, PSC 1986 rider Eric Vanderaerden the points classification, and LVC 1986 yes's Andrew Hampsten won the young rider classification. LVC 1986 yes finished at the head of the team classification by one hour 51 minutes, after placing four riders inside the final overall top-ten placings. One of cycling's Grand Tours, the Tour consisted of 23 stages, beginning with a prologue in Boulogne-Billancourt and concluded on the Champs-Élysées in Paris. The race was organised by the Amaury Sport Organisation and was shown on television in 72 countries, with the total viewers estimated at one billion.Thompson 2008 48 Teams List of teams and cyclists in the 1986 Tour de France In June, 23 teams had requested to start in the 1986 Tour.http://kranten.kb.nl/view/article/id/ddd%3A010610983%3Ampeg21%3Ap027%3Aa0323 Levitan weigert ploeg Kuiper voor de Tour nl Bennie Ceulen Koninklijke Bibliotheek Limburgsch Dagblad 27 11 June 1986 29 December 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20131230233321/http://kranten.kb.nl/view/article/id/ddd%3A010610983%3Ampeg21%3Ap027%3Aa0323 30 December 2013 dead The Tour organisers, Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO), accepted 21 applications, so a total of 21 teams participated in the 1986 Tour de France.The history of the Tour de France – Year 1986 – The starters http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1986/partants.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 3 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200403105509/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1986/partants.html deadhttp://elpais.com/diario/1986/07/03/deportes/520725610_850215.html 210 ciclistas, récord de participacion en el Tour es 3 July 1986 El País Juan Mora 27 May 2012 210 cyclists, record participation in the Tour https://web.archive.org/web/20150712030615/http://elpais.com/diario/1986/07/03/deportes/520725610_850215.html 12 July 2015 live The two teams whose application was denied were Skala-Skil and Miko. Each team sent a squad of ten riders, which meant that the race would start with a peloton of 210 cyclists, a record setting total.Dauncey Hare 2003 214 The ASO felt that 210 starters were too many and moved to reduce the size of the squads to eight riders each, but the teams protested, and the original number remained.van den Akker 2018 38 MOT 1986 became the Tour's first team from the United States, with a squad consisting of eight Americans, one Canadian and one Mexican.McGann McGann 2008 163 Jim Ochowicz, MOT 1986 yes's founder and manager, met with the ASO and persuaded them to invite his team. In the Spring, the team withdrew from competition in Europe (missing the opportunity to become the first American team in the history of the Vuelta a España) due to the United States conflict with Libya, losing out on much needed competitive racing unavailable in the United States.American invasion of the Tour de France http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/road/2008/tour08/?id=/features/2008/tour08_first_american_team Cyclingnews.com 6 May 2015 13 July 2008 https://web.archive.org/web/20150701190209/http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/road/2008/tour08/?id=%2Ffeatures%2F2008%2Ftour08_first_american_team 1 July 2015 live Joop Zoetemelk, the reigning road world champion, started and finished his 16th Tour de France, a record that stood until it was tied by Sylvain Chavanel in 2018.Record Zoetemelk https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010878639:mpeg21:p008 18 June 2020 De Volkskrant 3 July 1986 8 nlSmith 2009 83In 2018, Sylvain Chavanel started his 18th Tour de France, which is the current record. George Hincapie, Jens Voigt, and Stuart O'Grady have started 17 Tours. Haimar Zubeldia equalled Zoetemelk's record of 16 starts as well. However, Zoetemelk remains joint record holder in finished Tours, at 16, shared with Chavanel.van den Akker 2018 22–23 The teams entering the race were: 20em MOT 1986 CAF 1986 CAR 1986b Fagor2 1986 GIS 1986 RAB 1986 Hitachi 1986b LOT 1986b KAS 1986 LVC 1986 MAL 1986b PSC 1986 PDM 1986 Peugeot 1986 Postobón 1986b MOV 1986 RMO 1986 Artiach 1986 SUG 1986 Teka 1986 ZOR 1986 Pre-race favourites Bernard Hinault (1982).jpg 125 Greg LeMond 1989 Tour de Trump.jpg 120 LVC 1986 teammates, Bernard Hinault (left, pictured in 1982), the 1985 winner and the eventual runner-up, and Greg LeMond (right, pictured in 1989), the eventual winner, were considered among the favourites to win before the race. Five-time Tour winner and defending champion Bernard Hinault (LVC 1986) had promised to support his teammate Greg LeMond, who had finished second in 1985, following controversy during that race when LeMond felt that a chance of potential victory had been taken from him due to team tactics. LVC 1986 yes was therefore considered the squad to beat, with the team also featuring strong riders such as Andrew Hampsten, who had won the Tour de Suisse several weeks before the Tour de France.McGann McGann 2008 163 Before the start of the event, Hinault announced it would be the last Tour de France of his career.http://elpais.com/diario/1986/07/04/deportes/520812010_850215.html El duelo Hinault-Fignon acapara la atención del Tour es 4 July 1986 El País Juan Mora 27 May 2012 The Hinault-Fignon duel captures the attention of Tour https://web.archive.org/web/20150712031853/http://elpais.com/diario/1986/07/04/deportes/520812010_850215.html 12 July 2015 live Prior to the start of the Tour, LeMond was confident of his chances, and pointed out that having Hinault, who he expected to take an early lead, would play to his advantage.Greg LeMond gelooft in rol van kopman: "Hinault niet meer de oude" https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:011207237:mpeg21:p017 27 April 2020 De Telegraaf 2 July 1986 17 nl LeMond Believes in Role of Leader: "Hinault is Not His Old Self" Delpher Even with Hinault's assurances of support for LeMond, excitement over a possible record-breaking sixth Tour win was high in France. In a survey of 15 Dutch journalists, eight named Hinault as their main favourite for overall victory, just three chose LeMond.Hinault geel; Kelly groen; Herrera bergtrui; Rooks of Zoetemelk beste Nederlander https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010948839:mpeg21:p016 27 April 2020 Het Vrije Volk 3 July 1986 16 nl Hinault Yellow; Kelly Green; Herrera Mountain Prize; Rooks or Zoetemelk Best Dutchman Delpher LeMond's season up to this point had been good, but had not yielded any major victories; he finished second at Milan–San Remo, third at Paris–Nice, fourth at the Giro d'Italia and third at the Tour de Suisse.McGann McGann 2008 163 Laurent Fignon (SUG 1986), winner in 1983 and 1984, was working on his comeback, having won the La Flèche Wallonne classic in the spring.McGann McGann 2008 163 He had missed the chance to defend his title the year earlier due to surgery on an inflamed Achilles tendon.McGann McGann 2008 153–155 Juan Mora of El País believed that the race would be highlighted by a duel between Fignon and Hinault. He named LeMond and Frenchman Charly Mottet as potential contenders if their team captains – Hinault and Fignon, respectively – failed to perform to the level expected. Mora believed Pedro Delgado to be the best Spanish contender for the overall title citing that his PDM 1986 should perform well in the team time trial. Gian Paolo Ormezzano of La Stampa believed that there was no Italian rider competing that could be a legitimate threat to win the race, despite the fact that three Italian based teams were invited – the most since the 1979 edition. Ormezzano also thought the favourites going into the race were Hinault and Fignon.http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/mod,libera/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,24/articleid,0993_01_1986_0155_0024_13676849/ Senza speranze i nostri Il Tour è affare francese it 4 July 1986 23 La Stampa Editrice La Stampa 22 June 2012 Hopeless our Tour is French affair Gian Paolo Ormezzano https://web.archive.org/web/20150712231545/http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/mod,libera/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,24/articleid,0993_01_1986_0155_0024_13676849/ 12 July 2015 live Fignon later recalled in his autobiography that he did not share the view of himself as a favourite, writing: "I felt terrible physically. [...] My body — and perhaps my mind as well — was registering deep fatigue rather than an urge to get on with it."Fignon 2010 162 Stephen Roche (CAR 1986b), third overall the year before, had injured his knee in a crash at the Paris Six-Day event in the winter, necessitating surgery in April, which meant that he arrived at the Tour out of form.Ryan 2018 195–196 Five-time Tour winner Jacques Anquetil named Luis Herrera (CAF 1986) as his main favourite. Herrera himself declared: "If I do not lose more than ten minutes before the mountains, I can win."Teuflische Tage https://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-13519113.html 12 June 2020 Der Spiegel 30/1986 21 July 1986 132–133 de Devilish Days Sean Kelly (KAS 1986) was considered the main favourite for victory in the points classification, having won the trophy a record-equalling third time the year before. However, a crash on the last stage of the Tour de Suisse prevented Kelly from starting.Ryan 2018 191 In his absence, Adri van der Poel (RAB 1986) was given the best chances to win the classification. Route and stages thumb|The Col du Galibier was the highest point of elevation in the race, at 2642 m ft on, climbed on stage 18. The race route for the 1986 edition of the Tour de France was unveiled on 8 October 1985 by both Jacques Goddet and Félix Lévitan.http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD01/HEM/1985/10/09/MD19851009-030.pdf 1986: Un Tour... "de Force" es 9 October 1986 30 El Mundo Deportivo 27 May 2012 1986: A Tour... "de Force" https://web.archive.org/web/20150711162309/http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD01/HEM/1985/10/09/MD19851009-030.pdf 11 July 2015 live The race was pushed back a week from its normal date in order to prevent overlap with the 1986 FIFA World Cup,http://leiden.courant.nu/index.php?page=1&mod=krantresultaat&q=%22tour+de+france%22&datering=10/1985&qt=paragraaf&pagina=&sort=datum+asc%2Ckrant+asc%2Cpagina+asc&paragraaf=84&doc=3&p=15&paragraaf=15&y=261 Hinault boos op Tourbaas Levitan 9 October 1985 16 February 2013 Regionaal archief Leiden nl Leidsch Dagblad 15 https://web.archive.org/web/20131203131537/http://leiden.courant.nu/index.php?page=1&mod=krantresultaat&q=%22tour+de+france%22&datering=10%2F1985&qt=paragraaf&pagina=&sort=datum+asc%2Ckrant+asc%2Cpagina+asc&paragraaf=84&doc=3&p=15&paragraaf=15&y=261 3 December 2013 dead and therefore started on 4 July.Bacon 2014 180 Covering a total of 4094 km 0 on,Augendre 2016 110 it included four time trials (three individual and one for teams) and ten stages deemed as flat. The race included four stages that featured a summit finish: stage 13 to Superbagnères; stage 17 to Col du Granon; stage 18 to Alpe d'Huez; and stage 21 to Puy de Dôme.http://elpais.com/diario/1985/10/09/deportes/497660413_850215.html El nuevo Tour es 9 October 1985 El País 27 May 2012 The new Tour https://web.archive.org/web/20150712032521/http://elpais.com/diario/1985/10/09/deportes/497660413_850215.html 12 July 2015 live The race took a counter-clockwise route around France.van den Akker 2018 12 Following the prologue and opening stages in the Hauts-de-Seine region, the race moved north towards the Belgian border, before turning west to Brittany. The Tour then traveled south to Bordeaux, where a train transfer brought the riders to Bayonne, at the foot of the Pyrenees. From there, transition stages led the race to the Alps, before the final stages in the Massif Central and further north towards Paris.Bacon 2014 181 The 1986 Tour de France had one rest day, after the finish on the Alpe d'Huez.Augendre 2016 77 The highest point of elevation in the race was 2642 m ft on at the summit of the Col du Galibier mountain pass on stage 18.Augendre 2016 177–178Tour de France https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010948839:mpeg21:p015 Het Vrije Volk 3 July 1986 15 nl Delpher The longest road-race stage was stage 11, at 258.3 km mi on.Bacon 2014 180 Tour director Levitan felt after the 1985 Tour de France that the race had been too easy, and made the course in 1986 extra difficult, including more mountain climbs than before. This angered Hinault, who threatened to skip the 1986 Tour. Before the race started, an avalanche deposited a large amount of dirt and rock on the slopes of the Col du Tourmalet, prompting Goddet to consider rerouting the course through the Col d'Aubisque. +Stage characteristics and winnersAugendre 2016 7773ème Tour de France 1986 73rd Tour de France 1986 http://memoire-du-cyclisme.eu/eta_tdf/tdf1986.php Mémoire du cyclisme 6 April 2020 fr 5 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200405010355/http://memoire-du-cyclisme.eu/eta_tdf/tdf1986.php deadThe history of the Tour de France – Year 1986 – The stage winners http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1986/vainqueurs.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 3 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200403005337/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1986/vainqueurs.html dead Stage Date Course DistanceType Winner P4 July Boulogne-Billancourt 4.6 km 1 on 20px|link=Individual time trial Individual time trial Thierry Marie FRA 15 July Nanterre to Sceaux 85 km 1 on 20px|link= Plain stage Pol Verschuere BEL 25 July Meudon to Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines 56 km 1 on 20px|link=Team time trial Team time trial FRA SUG 1986 36 July Levallois-Perret to Liévin 214 km 1 on 20px|link= Plain stage Davis Phinney USA 47 July Liévin to Évreux 243 km 1 on 20px|link= Plain stage Pello Ruiz Cabestany ESP 58 July Évreux to Villers-sur-Mer 124.5 km 1 on 20px|link= Plain stage Johan van der Velde NED 69 July Villers-sur-Mer to Cherbourg 200 km 1 on 20px|link= Plain stage Guido Bontempi ITA 710 July Cherbourg to Saint-Hilaire-du-Harcouët 201 km 1 on 20px|link= Plain stage Ludo Peeters BEL 811 July Saint-Hilaire-du-Harcouët to Nantes 204 km 1 on 20px|link= Plain stage Eddy Planckaert BEL 912 July Nantes 61.5 km 1 on 20px|link=Individual time trial Individual time trial Bernard Hinault FRA 1013 July Nantes to Futuroscope 183 km 1 on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage José Ángel Sarrapio ESP 1114 July Futuroscope to Bordeaux 258.3 km 1 on 20px|link= Plain stage Rudy Dhaenens BEL 1215 July Bayonne to Pau 217.5 km 1 on 20px|link= Stage with mountain(s) Pedro Delgado ESP 1316 July Pau to Superbagnères 186 km 1 on 20px|link= Stage with mountain(s) Greg LeMond USA 1417 July Superbagnères to Blagnac 154 km 1 on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Niki Rüttimann SUI 1518 July Carcassonne to Nîmes 225.5 km 1 on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Frank Hoste BEL 1619 July Nîmes to Gap 246.5 km 1 on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Jean-François Bernard FRA 1720 July Gap to Serre Chevalier 190 km 1 on 20px|link= Stage with mountain(s) Eduardo Chozas ESP 1821 July Briançon to Alpe d'Huez 162.5 km 1 on 20px|link= Stage with mountain(s) Bernard Hinault FRA 22 July Alpe d'Huez Rest day 1923 July Villard-de-Lans to Saint-Étienne 179.5 km 1 on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Julián Gorospe ESP 2024 July Saint-Étienne 58 km 1 on 20px|link=Individual time trial Individual time trial Bernard Hinault FRA 2125 July Saint-Étienne to Puy de Dôme 190 km 1 on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Erich Mächler SUI 2226 July Clermont-Ferrand to Nevers 194 km 1 on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Guido Bontempi ITA 2327 July Cosne-sur-Loire to Paris (Champs-Élysées) 255 km 1 on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Guido Bontempi ITA Total 4094 km 0 onAugendre 2016 110 Race overview 1986 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11 1986 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 23 Opening stages thumb|upright|alt=A cyclist on a bicycle, with spectators behind a fence.|SUG 1986 rider Thierry Marie (pictured in 1993) won the opening prologue, taking the lead of the 1986 Tour. The prologue was won by Thierry Marie (SUG 1986 yes), with Hinault in third place, just two seconds slower. Fignon and LeMond placed seventh and eighth, both four seconds back.McGann McGann 2008 163 On stage 1, Alex Stieda (MOT 1986) attacked 40 km mi on from the finish and collected time bonuses at the intermediate sprint, which would move him into the race lead. He was then joined in his breakaway by five other riders.McGann McGann 2008 163–164 The sextet held a small margin until the finish, with Pol Verschuere (Fagor2 1986) taking the victory. Stieda, a Canadian, became the first rider from North America to wear the race leader's yellow jersey.Marie Regains Lead in Tour de France https://www.newspapers.com/image/217741169 28 April 2020 The Times Associated Press 6 July 1986 Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines 46 The same afternoon, the team time trial was held. The attempt at defending Stieda's race lead by his MOT 1986 yes team proved unsuccessful. A crash by Eric Heiden slowed the team and forced several riders to take evasive action in order not to run into him, in the process scraping their tyres at the street curbing, which caused several punctures. In addition, Stieda was tired by his morning effort and fell back, getting in danger of missing the time limit. Chris Carmichael and Jeff Pierce had to fall back to lead him to the finish, which he reached in time but the yellow jersey was lost. It was regained by Marie, whose SUG 1986 yes team won the time trial, while LVC 1986 yes lost almost two minutes.McGann McGann 2008 164 Hinault personally instructed the team to wait for Niki Rüttimann and Guido Winterberg, who were nursing the after-effects of crashes during the morning stage, accounting for LVC 1986 yes's comparatively poor performance.Fotheringham 2015 269–270 CAF 1986 yes lost significant time and four of the team's riders were eliminated because they missed the time limit. MOT 1986 yes bounced back from their disappointment the following day, with Davis Phinney becoming the first American to win a road race stage. Phinney won the stage from a bunch sprint, even though he had been in the day's breakaway for most of the stage.McGann McGann 2008 164 Stage 4 went through Normandy, on rolling terrain. Régis Simon (RMO 1986) broke away from the peloton and at 80 km mi on from the finish, he held a lead of over ten minutes. He was eventually caught by a counterattack from Federico Echave (Teka 1986). On the finishing straight, Pello Ruiz Cabestany (Artiach 1986) overtook Echave to win the stage. Dutch champion Jos Lammertink (PSC 1986) retired after suffering a broken skull in a crash, while Fabio Parra (CAF 1986 yes) also dropped out, courtesy of knee problems, leaving his team with only five of their original ten starters. Dominique Gaigne took over the yellow jersey from his teammate Marie, who he now led by six seconds.Bierley Stephen One-way traffic through the roses https://www.newspapers.com/image/260237654/ 31 May 2020 The Guardian 8 July 1986 29 Newspapers.com Johan van der Velde (PSC 1986 yes) won stage 5 and through time bonuses at both intermediate sprints and the stage finish, moved into the overall lead. He got the better of Joël Pelier (KAS 1986) at the finish line. Both had been in a breakaway together, started after 16 km mi on ridden. They finished 39 seconds ahead of van der Velde's teammate Eddy Planckaert, who in turn was followed by Miguel Induráin (MOV 1986), while the field, led by Alfonso Gutiérrez (Teka 1986 yes), was 1:15 minutes behind. The stage saw a demonstration by workers in Lisieux, which did not impede the race.Bierley Stephen Dutch find a place in the sun https://www.newspapers.com/image/260238382/ 31 May 2020 The Guardian 9 July 1986 29 Newspapers.com Van der Velde kept the race lead the following day. A five-man breakaway decided the outcome of the stage, won by Guido Bontempi of CAR 1986b yes ahead of Roberto Pagnin (MAL 1986b).Bierley Stephen Bontempi's time to take centre stage https://www.newspapers.com/image/260238977/ 31 May 2020 The Guardian 10 July 1986 29 Newspapers.com The yellow jersey changed hands again after stage 7. The stage began slowly, with the first breakaway established only after 105 km mi on. The peloton was back together after 150 km mi on, but another attack went shortly thereafter, including Ludo Peeters (RAB 1986), Jørgen V. Pedersen (CAR 1986b yes), and Induráin. Other riders joined them 20 km mi on later, but it was Peeters who eventually won the sprint from the group to win the stage, ahead of Ron Kiefel (MOT 1986 yes). Pedersen took the race lead.Couwenhoven Ron Ducrot helpt Peeters aan zege https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:011207244:mpeg21:p017 31 May 2020 De Telegraaf 11 July 1986 7 nl Ducrot helps Peeters to victory Delpher On stage 8, after 70 km mi on the peloton allowed Yvon Madiot (SUG 1986 yes) to drive ahead of the field to greet his family. Planckaert, not realising the situation, followed what he considered an attack in the company of Pelier, but all three were brought back. About 20 km mi on later, another group broke away, containing Adri van der Poel (RAB 1986 yes), Mathieu Hermans, (Artiach 1986 yes) and Andrew Hampsten. Hampsten was considered a threat to the overall classification, which led the field to give chase. The peloton was united before their arrival in the finishing town, Nantes, where Silvano Contini (GIS 1986) launched an unsuccessful breakaway attempt. Planckert, who only started the stage with the help of analgesic pills from his masseur due to back pain, won the sprint, beating out his teammate Eric Vanderaerden. Pedersen retained the overall lead.Woldendorp Johan Eerste massasprint voor kwakkelende Eddy Planckaert https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010827830:mpeg21:p013 31 May 2020 Trouw 12 July 1986 13 nl First mass sprint for ailing Eddy Planckaert Delpher First long time trial and transition to the mountains The first real test for the general classification contenders came on stage 9, a 61.5 km mi on individual time trial around Nantes. Hinault won the stage, 44 seconds ahead of LeMond, with Roche third, 1:01 minutes slower. Hinault benefited from a puncture by LeMond, which cost him time.McGann McGann 2008 164–165 Fignon finished in 32nd place, 3:42 minutes behind Hinault, a result he later described as "unworthy of my status".Fignon 2010 162 Pedersen did enough to retain the yellow jersey. Roche moved into second place, 1:05 minutes behind Pedersen, with Hinault a further five seconds behind in third. LeMond was eighth, 1:59 minutes behind the lead.McGann McGann 2008 164–165Fotheringham 2015 270–271 Stage 10 was won by Ángel Sarrapio (Teka 1986 yes), who had been in a breakaway with Jean-Claude Bagot (Fagor2 1986) during the stage. Pedersen kept the race lead, while Pelier used bonus seconds on the road to move ahead of Roche into second place in the general classification.Bierley Stephen Roche smiling through the pain https://www.newspapers.com/image/260240924/ 1 June 2020 The Guardian 14 July 1986 27 Newspapers.com On stage 11, a 12-man breakaway reached the finishing town of Bordeaux together. Rudy Dhaenens (Splendor 1986b) escaped from the group 5 km mi on from the finish. On the finishing straight, he was almost caught by the fast approaching Hermans and just held on to take the stage victory. Hermans would later say that the public announcer had aided Dhaenens' victory by warning him of Hermans over the PA system.Rudy Dhaenens krijgt de schrik van zijn leven https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=KBNRC01:000028812:mpeg21:p011 1 June 2020 NRC Handelsblad 15 July 1986 11 nl Rudy Dhaenens gets the shock of his life Delpher Pyrenees thumb|left|200px|Pedro Delgado (pictured in 2016) won stage 12, but later dropped out after his mother died. Following a train transfer from Bordeaux to Bayonne at the foot of the Pyrenees in the morning, stage 12 led the riders over 217 km mi on to Pau. The stage featured five mountain passes, with the first-category rated Col de Marie-Blanque at the end, before a descent into the finishing town. Several attacks occurred over the first part of the stage, each covered by riders of LVC 1986 yes. At around 90 km mi on from the finish, Hinault raised the pace on the ascent of the Col de Burdincurutcheta, forcing other contenders to chase back on, such as Herrera.Moore 2011 207 Others, such as Roche, Fignon, and race leader Pedersen, dropped behind and would lose a lot of time by the end of the stage.Van Kilometer tot Kilometer https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:011207248:mpeg21:p017 1 June 2020 De Telegraaf 16 July 1986 17 nl From kilometre to kilometre Delpher Shortly before an intermediate sprint after 125 km mi on, Hinault told his teammate Jean-François Bernard to accelerate,Fotheringham 2015 271–272 and the two, accompanied by Delgado, made the bridge to a lead group containing Eduardo Chozas (Teka 1986 yes). These four riders then broke clear at the front, before Chozas lost contact about 25 km mi on later. Bernard, the work for his team leader done, fell back another 15 km mi on down the road. Delgado and Hinault worked well together to extend their advantage to the chasers, where LeMond, bound by team tactics, was unable to give chase himself.McGann McGann 2008 165 According to Delgado, Hinault clearly wanted to make time for the overall classification, and without any negotiating between the two, he gifted the stage win to Delgado. LeMond managed to break clear of the rest of the chase group with Herrera, but still arrived in Pau 4:37 minutes behind Hinault, who was now leading the race overall.Fotheringham 2015 272Fife 2000 56 After the stage, LeMond was overheard telling his father: "Goddamnit, Dad, I am going to finish second again!"Bierley Stephen Hinault scales heights https://www.newspapers.com/image/260242381/ 1 June 2020 The Guardian 16 July 1986 29 Newspapers.com Other favourites lost even more time: Robert Millar (PSC 1986 yes)Robert Millar later in life had a gender transition and is now known as Philippa York.Fotheringham William William Fotheringham Philippa York: 'I've known I was different since I was a five-year-old' https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2017/jul/06/philippa-york-gender-transition-cyclist-robert-millar The Guardian 1 May 2018 6 July 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170707015639/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2017/jul/06/philippa-york-gender-transition-cyclist-robert-millar 7 July 2017 live For the purpose of this article, her name and gender from 1986 are used. finished 11th, 5:31 minutes behind. In 20th place was Fignon, arriving 11 minutes after Hinault. Roche lost 21 minutes, Phil Anderson (PSC 1986 yes) 33 minutes.Moore 2011 209 If I had succeeded in reaching Superbagnères, I would have won the Tour and everyone would have lavished praise on me. If I failed, I knew that Greg was behind me ready to counter-attack and that I was tiring his adversaries. It was a sound strategy. – Bernard Hinault explaining his attack on stage 13.Moore 2011 221 25% right Stage 13 led the race through the Pyrenees again, over 186 km mi on and four high mountain passes. The first was the Col du Tourmalet, coming after 75 km mi on, followed by the Col d'Aspin, the Col de Peyresourde, and the final climb up to the ski resort of Superbagnères. Laurent Fignon had fallen ill with a fever and did not start the stage. Shortly after the start of the stage, Dominique Arnaud (MOV 1986 yes) attacked. When he began the ascent of the Tourmalet, he held a lead of 13 minutes over the field. A select group of favourites crossed the summit, led by Millar, now just over 7 minutes behind Arnaud. As they began the descent, Hinault attacked again, opening a gap to his opponents. As he reached the valley, his lead was at 43 seconds. Behind him, LeMond found himself again in a situation where he was unable to chase his teammate himself, while this time, the entire LVC 1986 yes team was stunned by Hinault's attack, explicitly breaking the tactics the team had agreed upon in the morning, which was to sit back and have the other teams attack them. At the summit of the Aspin, Hinault's lead had increased to two minutes and he caught up with Arnaud on the subsequent descent. However, unlike the day before, the other favourites worked together to give chase, with Millar, Herrera, and Urs Zimmermann (CAR 1986b) committed to bringing Hinault back as the group reached the climb of the Peyresourde. They made contact with him on the descent and as the group began the final climb to Superbagnères, it became clear that Hinault had overexerted himself, falling back quickly. Hampsten, who had caught up with the LeMond group, attacked during the early part of the climb to soften up the opposition for LeMond. While Herrera suffering from cramp dropped back to his team car, LeMond counter-attacked, leaving Zimmermann and Millar behind and joined his teammate at the head of the race. With Hampsten falling behind soon after, LeMond continued to the finish alone and won the stage. Hinault trailed in eleventh, 4:39 minutes behind LeMond. He therefore maintained the lead of the race overall, but now just 40 seconds ahead of second-placed LeMond.Moore 2011 215–221 Incidentally, LeMond had gained back the exact amount of time he had lost the previous day.Rendell 2008 217 At the team hotel later in the evening, LVC 1986 yes owner Bernard Tapie had to intervene in an argument between his two leaders and Andrew Hampsten described the mood on the squad from then on as "super tense".Moore 2011 222 Transition stages to the Alps The fourteenth stage led the race to Blagnac and was won by Niki Rüttimann (LVC 1986 yes). The team had placed riders in every escape group of the day, and after about 100 km mi on, Rüttimann managed to stay away with three other riders. They exchanged attacks in the final 5 km mi on of the stage, with Rüttimann putting in the decisive move to win solo ahead of his pursuers, jumping into eighth place in the general classification. LeMond managed to gain six bonus seconds at an intermediate sprint, closing the gap on Hinault in the general classification to 34 seconds.Bierley Stephen Lemond nibbling away at the lead https://www.newspapers.com/image/260243767/ 11 June 2020 The Guardian 18 July 1986 23 Newspapers.comMoore 2011 227–228 Frank Hoste (Fagor2 1986 yes) won stage 15 in a two-man sprint against Silvano Contini (GIS 1986 yes). The main field came in just eight seconds behind, but Luis Herrera lost 49 seconds after failing to bridge a gap in the peloton.Bierley Stephen Test of the upwardly mobile https://www.newspapers.com/image/260244220/ 11 June 2020 The Guardian 19 July 1986 14 Newspapers.com The final day before the Alps was stage 16, ending in the town of Gap. The peloton had to endure significant crosswinds during the stage, accompanied by several attacks from the field. After 120 km mi on, Hinault was part of a group of four riders splitting away from the field in the winds, quickly making contact with another four-man break to form an escape of eight riders. While Hinault was joined by teammates Rüttimann and Winterberg, the group also contained Zimmermann, third overall. LeMond, crucially, had missed the move, but his three teammates in the breakaway still rode hard tempo, drawing out an advantage of 52 seconds. LeMond, again bound not to chase his own teammates, asked Robert Millar for help, who agreed to have his PSC 1986 yes team do the chase work, while LeMond promised to gift Millar a stage should they finish close together.Fotheringham 2015 275 After 28 km mi on, the groups were back together. Jean-François Bernard from LVC 1986 yes won the stage after the two other riders in the final breakaway both punctured a tyre on the descent of the Col d'Espreaux. He moved up into thirteenth place in the general classification, which meant that LVC 1986 yes now had five riders in the top thirteen places.Moore 2011 228–230 Because of Hinault's breakaway tactics during the stage, Lemond threatened to resign from the race and had to be calmed by Tapie. According to Hampsten, the team was split into three groups: the French riders around Hinault, the two Swiss riders in between, and the other riders on LeMond's side.Moore 2011 232–233 Jean-François Bernard supported this view, saying: "The division was real. Even if it wasn't evident day-to-day, or on the surface, it was there the whole Tour. You could feel it."Moore 2011 231 Hinault was unapologetic, saying: "What's his [LeMond's] problem? Are his legs hurting? It might be just as well if he quits if he doesn't want to win the race any more."Fotheringham 2015 275 Alps thumb|Bernard Hinault climbing the Col d'Izoard during stage 17. It was here that he lost significant time on rival Greg LeMond, losing the yellow jersey by the end of the stage. Stage 17 finished on the Col du Granon, the highest mountain-top finish in Tour history up to that point, at an elevation of 2,413 m ft on.Fotheringham 2015 276The Col du Galibier was the scene of the finish of stage 18 in the 2011 Tour de France, which is the highest mountain-top finish in Tour history 2020 yes.2011 Tour de France, stage 18 description https://www.velonews.com/events/tour-de-france/2011-tour-de-france-stage-18-description/ 14 June 2020 VeloNews 6 June 2011 Before the Col du Granon, the riders also had to ride across the Col de Vars and the Col d'Izoard. Eduardo Chozas (Teka 1986 yes) was in a 150 km mi on solo breakaway and won the stage. Behind him, Hinault began to struggle on the climb of the Izoard, falling behind the other contenders.Moore 2011 239 He suffered from pain in his left knee, a recurrence of an injury sustained in 1983.Fotheringham 2015 276 LeMond attacked as the group began the descent from the Col d'Izoard and was joined by Zimmermann.Lemond Gordis 1987 11 Zimmermann set a strong pace on the final climb to the Col du Granon and took second place on the stage, 6:26 minutes behind Chozas, with LeMond right behind him. Hinault came in thirteenth, losing 3:21 minutes to LeMond, who took over the race lead. LeMond led Zimmermann by 2:24 minutes, with Hinault a further 23 seconds behind. It was the first time that a rider from the USA wore the yellow jersey in the history of the Tour.Moore 2011 239–240 The night before stage 18 to Alpe d'Huez, Hinault called a team meeting, complaining about the fact that Zimmermann now split the two LVC 1986 yes riders. He called for the team to attack Zimmermann the following day, "until he was broken". Another dispute broke out with LeMond, who pointed out that with a time trial still to come, a discipline that did not favour Zimmermann, there was no need for an all-out attack.de Visé 2019 144 Tapie had to talk to the riders until four o'clock in the morning to handle the situation.Moore 2011 245–246 Shortly after the start of the stage in Briançon, the first climb of the day was the Col du Lautaret. A breakaway formed, including Herrera and Winterberg, who left their companions on the following climb, the Col du Galibier. Behind them, in the group of favourites, Zimmermann was closely guarding LeMond, while Hinault made several small accelerations to test the opposition. On the descent of the Galibier, Hinault attacked, only 150 km mi on into the stage. He caught Herrera and Winterberg and they were joined by LeMond, Bauer and Ruiz Cabestany. As they reached the next small climb, the Col du Télégraphe, Hinault attacked again, going clear on his own. LeMond, having strict instructions from his team not to work with Zimmermann, was again stuck behind. LeMond dropped back to his team car for instructions by coach Paul Köchli, who urged him to attack Zimmermann instead of leading him towards Hinault, who at that point had a lead of about one-and-a-half minutes. LeMond attacked shortly before the summit and opened up a gap to Zimmermann on the descent, eventually catching up to Hinault, together with Bauer and Ruiz Cabestany. Bauer then did the lead work until the foot of the next climb, the Col de la Croix de Fer, where he dropped back. Ruiz Cabestany fell behind soon after.Abt 1990 101 On the ascent, Hinault asked LeMond to ease the tempo, due to his aching knee, and set the pace himself. By the summit, they led Zimmermann by 2:50 minutes. On the descent, both set a high tempo, extending the lead over Zimmermann to 4:30 minutes as they reached the climb of Alpe d'Huez.Moore 2011 247–254 Sensing that the French public, clearly favouring Hinault, made LeMond nervous,Vespini 2008 75 the former led all the way up the climb, with both riders steadily increasing their advantage over everybody else.Cossins 2015 84 Close to the finish line, LeMond drove alongside Hinault, putting his arm around him for a short conversation. At the finish, Hinault took LeMond's hand in an apparent gesture of comradery and they crossed the line together, with Hinault taking the stage win.Moore 2011 247–254Rendell 2008 219 Tapie later revealed that he had orchestrated the moment, having told LeMond before the climb to Alpe d'Huez that he had effectively won the race and that he should let Hinault take the stage.Fotheringham 2015 278 Zimmermann finished third, 5:15 behind the pair.Vespini 2008 75 The illusion of a détente between the two LVC 1986 yes leaders lasted only a few hours. In the evening, both appeared on French television in a joint interview with Jacques Chancel. Asked if the battle between them was over, Hinault answered that it would not be until the final time trial in Saint-Étienne.Fotheringham 2015 278–279 He reiterated the statement on the following day, the only rest day of the Tour. During a press conference, he declared: "I'm very proud of what we did together, but let me say one more time: the Tour isn't over. Who was stronger on the climb? Go on, ask Greg."Abt 1990 102 LeMond felt betrayed by Hinault's apparent unwillingness to honour the deal between the two riders. Hinault in turn promised that, should LeMond still lead the Tour after the final time trial, he would not attack again. This pledge came at the insistence of Tapie, after LeMond had once again threatened to leave the race should Hinault continue attacking.Abt 1990 102 Pedro Delgado, winner of stage 12 and lying fifth overall, retired from the race during stage 18, having learned of the death of his mother.Hinault, LeMond team up https://www.newspapers.com/image/623044386/ 18 June 2020 The Sacramento Bee 22 July 1986 32 Newspapers.com Robert Millar, having been fourth at the summit of the Galibier, lost over 19 minutes during the later part of the stage, dropping from fourth to eighth overall.Smith 2009 81 In 2015, cycling journalist Peter Cossins called stage 18 "the best remembered on the mountain [Alpe d'Huez]", while describing it as "a victory parade rather than a sporting contest."Cossins 2015 81 Conclusion thumb|left|alt=A cyclist wearing a yellow jersey.|LVC 1986's Greg LeMond (pictured in 1990) took the lead in the general classification on stage 17 and went on to win the race. As the conclusion of the race drew closer, LeMond suspected that the public and a large part of the riders would prefer a record-breaking victory for Hinault. Before the start of stage 19, a journalist suggested to him that 80 per cent of the riders would support Hinault, to which he jokingly replied that he was surprised if twenty per cent supported him.Bierley Stephen Lemond looking for a fair time https://www.newspapers.com/image/260247352/ 16 June 2020 The Guardian 24 July 1986 27 Newspapers.com Indeed, Hinault attacked once more during the stage, during the feed zone, a clear breach of cycling etiquette which dictates that no rider should attack while his competitors take on food and drinks. Bauer and Hampsten assisted LeMond in bringing Hinault back into the field.de Visé 2019 146Fotheringham 2015 280 During an intermediate sprint, Hinault gained back two seconds to cut his disadvantage to 2:43 minutes. Julián Gorospe won the stage for MOV 1986 yes, ahead of Anderson. Under growing suspicion that other riders would interfere with his race to favour Hinault, LeMond stated after the stage: "If they want to crash me, I'd rather they tell me now. I'd rather give the race to them."de Visé 2019 146 Hinault's tactics were confusing to other riders as well. Speaking of the stage, Hampsten later recalled: "It's the only time I ever chased a teammate in my life. It felt weird; I felt sick doing it. [...] I knew it was the right thing to do."Moore 2011 261 Phil Anderson, riding for PSC 1986 yes, was equally angry with Hinault, scolding him publicly after the stage for attacking his teammate in the yellow jersey.Moore 2011 261 The night before the time trial, Tour director Jacques Goddet came to see LeMond at dinner and warned him to watch his water bottles and other equipment, saying: "There are many who do not want you to win."de Visé 2019 146–147 LeMond heeded this advice, with his parents buying his own food.Fotheringham 2015 280 At the daily doping controls, he left his fingerprint in the sealing wax and photographed the urine bottles.de Visé 2019 147 According to LeMond, one rider even offered Hinault to cause a crash for LeMond, but Hinault refused.Moore 2011 260Cycling journalist William Fotheringham, in his biography of Hinault, names this rider as Bernard Vallet (RMO 1986).Fotheringham 2015 280 The decisive stage of the race was the following day, a 58 km mi on time trial around Saint-Étienne. After 20 km mi on, LeMond was eight seconds faster than Hinault.Moore 2011 266 However, with 37 km mi on raced, LeMond crashed in a right-hand corner. While he was able to get up quickly and resume, his brake rubbed on the front wheel, making it necessary to change bikes.Smith 2009 82 Hinault profited from LeMond's mishap to win the stage, but managed to only claw back 25 seconds to his teammate, who finished second.de Visé 2019 148 Both were in a class of their own, with Hinault catching up with Zimmermann at the finish line, even though the latter had started three minutes ahead of him.Fotheringham 2015 280 Following the stage, Hinault acknowledged his defeat, stating: "After today, we won't fight any more."de Visé 2019 148 LeMond now led Hinault by 2:18 minutes.Moore 2011 268 Stage 21 was the last to feature significant climbing, finishing at the Puy de Dôme. Hinault, now no longer trying to dislodge LeMond, instead focused on securing his lead in the mountains classification, which he did by collecting maximum points at the top of the Croix de l'Homme, the first climb of the day.Moore 2011 270 Erich Maechler (CAR 1986b yes) won the stage, having moved clear of a leading group at the start of the final ascent. Second was Ludo Peeters (RAB 1986 yes), 34 seconds behind. LeMond came in 6:06 minutes behind, in eighteenth place. Hinault, having worked for his teammate during the stage, fell back on the final climb and lost 43 seconds to LeMond, who extended his overall advantage to 3:10 minutes.With Help from Hinault, LeMond's Lead Increases https://www.newspapers.com/image/402534357/ 16 June 2020 Los Angeles Times United Press International 26 July 1986 Clermont-Ferrand 36 Newspapers.com Robert Millar, fighting sickness, dropped out during this stage.Bierley Stephen Lemond makes it one for the English-speakers https://www.newspapers.com/image/260249262/ 16 June 2020 The Guardian 28 July 1986 24 Newspapers.com Guido Bontempi won the final two stages of the race, first stage 22 into Nevers, edging out Hoste and Vanderaerden in a sprint finish.In t' weekeind https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010948860:mpeg21:p011 16 June 2020 Het Vrije Volk 28 July 1986 11 nl On the Weekend Delpher On the final, ceremonial stage into Paris, LeMond crashed and Hinault made a point to personally escort him back into the field.Fotheringham 2015 281Moore 2011 271 Hinault then contested the final sprint, won by Bontempi, and finished fourth to close out his Tour de France career.McGann McGann 2008 169 LeMond became the first rider from an English-speaking country to win the event, at an average speed of 36.92 kph mph on.Laget et al. 2013 236 Only 132 of the 210 starters finished the race in Paris.McGann McGann 2008 170 Robert Millar described the race as "by far the hardest" Tour he had ridden, adding: "I don't think we ever climbed the mountains so fast."Fife 2000 175 LVC 1986 yes was the only team to arrive in Paris with all ten starters.van den Akker 2018 39 The lanterne rouge, the last-placed finisher of the race, was Ennio Salvador (GIS 1986 yes), 2:55:51 hours behind LeMond.Augendre 2016 77 Aftermath This Tour was fantastic, and we owe it all to Hinault. Even if he didn't win, this was his greatest Tour de France. – Jacques Anquetil about Hinault and the 1986 Tour de France.Abt 1990 98Fotheringham 2015 287 20% right Perception of the 1986 Tour de France and the rivalry between LeMond and Hinault remain divided. LeMond felt betrayed by Hinault's failure to live up to the clear assertion that he would assist him to win the Tour, saying: "He made promises to me he never intended to keep. He made them just to relieve the pressure on himself."Van Gucht 2015 186 He showed disappointment when the public alleged that he had only won due to Hinault allowing it.Laget et al. 2013 236 Hinault's view of the 1986 Tour differs from LeMond's. In his autobiography, he wrote: I gave my word to him that I would work for him, and that's what I did. It wasn't my fault if he didn't understand how I lead a race. What I did, I did only for him. When I think of some of the things he has said since the race ended, I wonder whether I was right not to attack him... How dare he say that he didn't need me to win? I spent all my time wearing out his opponents. Throughout my career I worked hard for others without having the kind of problems I had with him.Abt 1990 105McGann McGann 2008 171 After the final time trial, Hinault claimed to have attacked repeatedly to toughen LeMond up, adding: "Next year maybe he'll have to fight off another opponent who will make life miserable for him. Now he'll know how to fight back."Moore 2011 269 Cycling historians Bill and Carol McGann refuse this argument, writing: "Of course, Hinault reneged on his promise. His words, that he was trying to toughen LeMond or get him to earn his Tour, are obvious nonsense."McGann McGann 2008 171 In France, Hinault's aggressive riding style was widely celebrated and did much to improve his public image, which had suffered due to an alleged lack of panache during his Tour wins and his behaviour towards fans and officials.Abt 1990 98 Robert Millar suggested that he specifically rode the way he did in 1986 to win over the French public.Fotheringham 2015 289–290 Friction between LeMond and Hinault continued into the Coors Classic later in the year, the last stage race of Hinault's career. When LeMond attacked during a stage to move up from third to second place overall, Hinault accused him of riding against him, who was in the lead. LeMond countered, assuring him of his assistance and adding: "That's a promise, which is something that you can't keep."Abt 1990 104 Hinault, as he had announced previously, retired at the end of the season, on his 32nd birthday.Fotheringham 2015 292Wheatcroft 2013 258 LeMond meanwhile was unable to defend his Tour title, suffering a near-fatal hunting accident on Easter 1987. He returned to the Tour in 1989, winning the event for a second time and adding a third victory in 1990.Moore 2011 280 The rivalry between Hinault and LeMond in both the 1985 and 1986 Tours was the subject of the documentary Slaying the Badger, part of ESPN's series 30 for 30. Based on the book by the same name by journalist Richard Moore, it premiered on 22 July 2014.https://www.espn.com/watch/film/01414f1b-cc27-4b6e-9c55-4139c894b189/slaying-the-badger Slaying the Badger – ESPN Films: 30 for 30 ESPN 24 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20140715191744/http://espn.go.com/30for30/film?page=slayingthebadger 15 July 2014 live mdy-all Classification leadership and minor prizes thumb|A group of riders on the climb of the Col d'Izoard during stage 17. Robert Millar (front row center) wears the polka-dot jersey as leader of the mountains classification and Greg LeMond (right of Millar) wears the jersey for the combination classification. There were several classifications in the 1986 Tour de France, six of them awarding jerseys to their leaders.Nauright Parrish 2012 452–455 The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour.Nauright Parrish 2012 452–453 No time bonuses were given at stage finishes, a change from the 1985 edition.van den Akker 2018 79 Time bonuses were given for the intermediate sprints. Over the first half of the race, each intermediate sprint gave 12, 8, and 4 bonus seconds to the first three riders across the line, while during the second half, 6, 4, and 2 seconds were awarded.van den Akker 2018 183 There were 94 intermediate sprints over the course of the 1986 Tour, a record number.van den Akker 2018 184 In the team time trial on stage 2, the real time of the finishing teams was used to calculate the overall classification, taken on the sixth rider of each team to cross the finish line. The time that could be lost was limited at five minutes, however, if a rider did not finish with the rest of his team, his real time was used, even if it exceeded five minutes.van den Akker 2018 79 Additionally, there was a points classification, where cyclists were given points for finishing in the top 25 on a stage. All stages awarded the same number of points: 25 for the winner, with each subsequent place receiving one fewer point.van den Akker 2018 154 In this edition, no points were awarded at intermediate sprints.van den Akker 2018 182 The cyclist with the most points led the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.Nauright Parrish 2012 453–454 Eric Vanderaerden was the winner of this classification.Augendre 2016 77 There was also a mountains classification. The Tour organisers categorised some climbs as either hors catégorie, first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorised climbs. Climbs rated hors catégorie gave 40 points to the first rider across, down to one point for the 15th rider to reach the summit. First-category climbs awarded 30 points, second category ones 20 for the first rider. Third- and fourth-category mountains awarded 7 and 4 points respectively to the first man across.van den Akker 2018 163 The cyclist with the most points led the classification, and wore a white jersey with red polka dots.Nauright Parrish 2012 454 Bernard Hinault won the mountains prize.Augendre 2016 77 There was also a combination classification. This classification was calculated as a combination of the other classifications; its leader wore the combination jersey.Nauright Parrish 2012 454–455 Being in first place in the general, points, mountains, or intermediate sprints classification awarded 25 points, down to one point for 25th place.van den Akker 2018 187 For the second consecutive year, Greg LeMond was the winner of this classification.van den Akker Pieter Combinatieklassement Combination classification http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/combinatieklassement.php nl TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl 6 March 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043751/http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/combinatieklassement.php 6 March 2019 live Another classification was the debutant classification. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders that rode the Tour for the first time were eligible, and the leader wore a white jersey.Nauright Parrish 2012 454–455 79 out of the 210 starters were eligible.van den Akker 2018 175 Andrew Hampsten was the first-placed rider in this classification.Augendre 2016 77 The sixth individual classification was the intermediate sprints classification. This classification had similar rules as the points classification, but points were only awarded on intermediate sprints. Its leader wore a red jersey.Nauright Parrish 2012 455 Gerrit Solleveld (RAB 1986 yes) won this classification.Rode trui Solleveld is straks geld waard https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010566098:mpeg21:p007 18 June 2020 Leeuwarder Courant Geassocieerde Pers Diensten 25 July 1986 7 nl Red Jersey Solleveld Will Soon Be Worth Money Delpher For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time.van den Akker 2018 149 The riders in the team that led this classification were identified by yellow caps.Nauright Parrish 2012 455 There was also a team points classification. Cyclists received points according to their finishing position on each stage, with the first rider receiving one point. The first three finishers of each team had their points combined, and the team with the fewest points led the classification.van den Akker 2018 189 The riders of the team leading this classification wore green caps.Nauright Parrish 2012 455 LVC 1986 yes won the team classification,Augendre 2016 77 while PSC 1986 yes won the team points classification.van den Akker Pieter Informatie over de Tour de France van 1986 Information about the Tour de France from 1986 http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=1986 https://web.archive.org/web/20190302051104/http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=1986 2 March 2019 nl TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl 2 March 2019 live In addition, there was a combativity award, in which a jury composed of journalists gave points after each mass-start stage to the cyclist they considered most combative.van den Akker 2018 211–216 At the conclusion of the Tour, Bernard Hinault won the overall super-combativity award, also decided by journalists.Wheatcroft 2013 260 The Souvenir Henri Desgrange was given in honour of Tour founder Henri Desgrange to the first rider to pass the summit of the Col du Galibier on stage 18. This prize was won by Luis Herrera.Slechts troostprijzen voor de Colombianen Only consolation prizes for the Colombians https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010948855:mpeg21:p013 Het Vrije Volk 22 July 1986 13 nl DelpherZieke Herrera getroost met Desgrange Sick Herrera comforted with Desgrange https://krantenbankzeeland.nl/issue/stm/1986-07-22/edition/null/page/7 De Stem 22 July 1986 7 nl Krantenbank ZeelandAugendre 2016 177–178 Other minor prizes given included one for the best teammate, won by Bruno Leali (CAR 1986b yes). An award for the "most amiable" rider was given to Ruiz Cabestany. Zoetemelk received a prize for fairplay. There was also a fairplay award given after every stage, and the winners were allowed to wear special socks during the next stage, showing the logo of Paris' eventually unsuccessful bid to host the 1992 Summer Olympics.van den Akker 2018 220 Between 1977 and 1985, a system of "flying stages" had been used. This included a finish line at the middle part of the stage, with the first rider across awarded the same bonuses and prizes as regular stage winners. However, due to a lack of public acceptance for the concept, it was scrapped for the 1986 edition.van den Akker 2018 79 +Classification leadership by stageTerugblik Tour de France 1986 Tour de France 1986 review https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010948860:mpeg21:p010 Het Vrije Volk 28 July 1986 10 nl DelpherMartin 1986 124–125http://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/article.do?code=GVA&date=19860728&id=GVA-19860728-01015006 1986 Tour de France results nl Gazet van Antwerpen 28 July 1986 15 https://web.archive.org/web/20190214185644/http://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/article.do?code=GVA&date=19860728&id=GVA-19860728-01015006 14 February 2019 live Stage Stage winner General classification25px|alt=|link= Points classification25px|alt=|link= Mountains classification25px|alt=|link= Debutant classification25px|alt=|link= Combination classification25px|alt=|link= Intermediate sprints classification25px|alt=|link= Team classifications Combativity award By time By points P Thierry Marie Thierry Marie Thierry Marie not awarded Jesús Blanco Villar Thierry Marie not awarded SUG 1986 SUG 1986 not awarded 1 Pol Verschuere Alex Stieda Eric Vanderaerden Alex Stieda Alex Stieda Alex Stieda Alex Stieda Alex Stieda 2 SUG 1986 Thierry Marie Éric Boyer not awarded 3 Davis Phinney Federico Echave 4 Pello Ruiz Cabestany Dominique Gaigne Eric Vanderaerden Gerrit Solleveld KAS 1986 Régis Simon 5 Johan van der Velde Johan van der Velde Johan van der Velde PSC 1986 Joël Pelier 6 Guido Bontempi Régis Simon KAS 1986 Bruno Leali 7 Ludo Peeters Jørgen V. Pedersen CAR 1986b Miguel Induráin 8 Eddy Planckaert PSC 1986 Bernard Vallet 9 Bernard Hinault Bruno Cornillet Joël Pelier not awarded 10 Ángel Sarrapio Jean-Claude Bagot 11 Rudy Dhaenens Sean Yates 12 Pedro Delgado Bernard Hinault Ronan Pensec Jean-François Bernard Bernard Hinault LVC 1986 Bernard Hinault 13 Greg LeMond Robert Millar Andrew Hampsten Dominique Arnaud 14 Niki Rüttimann Greg LeMond Christophe Lavainne 15 Frank Hoste Paul Haghedooren 16 Jean-François Bernard Julián Gorospe 17 Eduardo Chozas Greg LeMond Eduardo Chozas 18 Bernard Hinault Greg LeMond Bernard Hinault 19 Julián Gorospe Bernard Hinault Julián Gorospe 20 Bernard Hinault not awarded 21 Erich Maechler Dirk De Wolf 22 Guido Bontempi Éric Caritoux 23 Guido Bontempi not awarded Final Greg LeMond Eric Vanderaerden white Bernard Hinault yes Andrew Hampsten Greg LeMond white Gerrit Solleveld yes LVC 1986 PSC 1986 Bernard Hinault Final standings Legend 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France|alt=A yellow jersey. Denotes the winner of the general classification 20px|link=Points classification in the Tour de France|alt=A green jersey. Denotes the winner of the points classification 20px|link=Mountains classification in the Tour de France|alt=A white jersey with red polka dots. Denotes the winner of the mountains classification 20px|link=Young rider classification in the Tour de France|alt=A white jersey. Denotes the winner of the young rider classification 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A multi-coloured jersey. Denotes the winner of the combination classification 20px|link=Intermediate sprints classification in the Tour de France|alt=A red jersey. Denotes the winner of the intermediate sprints classification General classification + Final general classification (1–10)The history of the Tour de France – Year 1986 – Stage 23 Cosne > Paris http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1986/2300/etape.html https://web.archive.org/web/20200402222228/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1986/2300/etape.html dead 2 April 2020 Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 Rank Rider Team Time 1 Greg LeMond USA 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A multi-coloured jersey. LVC 1986 110h 35' 19" 2 Bernard Hinault FRA 20px|link=Mountains classification in the Tour de France|alt=Polka dot jersey LVC 1986 + 3' 10" 3 Urs Zimmermann SUI CAR 1986b + 10' 54" 4 Andrew Hampsten USA 20px|link=Young rider classification in the Tour de France LVC 1986 + 18' 44" 5 Claude Criquielion BEL Hitachi 1986b + 24' 36" 6 Ronan Pensec FRA Peugeot 1986 + 25' 59" 7 Niki Rüttimann SUI LVC 1986 + 30' 52" 8 Álvaro Pino ESP ZOR 1986 + 33' 00" 9 Steven Rooks NED PDM 1986 + 33' 22" 10 Yvon Madiot FRA SUG 1986 + 33' 27" Final general classification (11–132) Rank Rider Team Time 11 Samuel Cabrera COL MOV 1986 + 35' 28" 12 Jean-François Bernard FRA LVC 1986 + 35' 45" 13 Pascal Simon FRA Peugeot 1986 + 37' 44" 14 Eduardo Chozas ESP Teka 1986 + 38' 48" 15 Reynel Montoya COL Postobón 1986b + 45' 36" 16 Charly Mottet FRA SUG 1986 + 45' 58" 17 Thierry Claveyrolat FRA RMO 1986 + 46' 00" 18 Marino Lejarreta ESP Artiach 1986 + 49' 09" 19 Jean-Claude Bagot FRA Fagor2 1986 + 51' 38" 20 Éric Caritoux FRA Fagor2 1986 + 52' 39" 21 José Patrocinio Jiménez COL CAF 1986 + 55' 42" 22 Luis Herrera COL CAF 1986 + 56' 00" 23 Steve Bauer CAN LVC 1986 + 56' 02" 24 Joop Zoetemelk NED RAB 1986 + 57' 04" 25 Jesús Blanco Villar ESP Teka 1986 + 1h 03' 16" 26 Jean-René Bernaudeau FRA Fagor2 1986 + 1h 03' 56" 27 Alfonso Flórez Ortiz COL CAF 1986 + 1h 05' 54" 28 Bernard Gavillet SUI SUG 1986 + 1h 08' 17" 29 Peter Stevenhaagen NED PDM 1986 + 1h 10' 40" 30 Jokin Mújika ESP Artiach 1986 + 1h 11' 01" 31 Anselmo Fuerte ESP ZOR 1986 + 1h 12' 13" 32 Primož Čerin YUG MAL 1986b + 1h 14' 40" 33 José Antonio Agudelo Gómez COL Teka 1986 + 1h 15' 13" 34 Dag Otto Lauritzen NOR Peugeot 1986 + 1h 15' 47" 35 Robert Forest FRA Peugeot 1986 + 1h 16' 19" 36 Pello Ruiz Cabestany ESP Artiach 1986 + 1h 16' 22" 37 Eddy Schepers BEL CAR 1986b + 1h 18' 20" 38 Federico Echave ESP Teka 1986 + 1h 18' 53" 39 Phil Anderson AUS PSC 1986 + 1h 19' 41" 40 Jesús Rodríguez Magro ESP ZOR 1986 + 1h 20' 09" 41 Silvano Contini ITA GIS 1986 + 1h 22' 18" 42 Martín Ramírez COL Fagor2 1986 + 1h 22' 26" 43 Hendrik Devos BEL Hitachi 1986b + 1h 24' 43" 44 Charly Berard FRA LVC 1986 + 1h 29' 02" 45 Dominique Garde FRA KAS 1986 + 1h 29' 11" 46 Martin Earley IRE Fagor2 1986 + 1h 30' 30" 47 Gilles Mas FRA RMO 1986 + 1h 31' 56" 48 Stephen Roche IRE CAR 1986b + 1h 32' 30" 49 Erich Maechler SUI CAR 1986b + 1h 32' 45" 50 Heriberto Urán COL Postobón 1986b + 1h 36' 35" 51 Jan Nevens BEL LOT 1986b + 1h 37' 15" 52 Johan van der Velde NED PSC 1986 + 1h 37' 55" 53 Carlos Hernández ESP MOV 1986 + 1h 38' 13" 54 Guy Nulens BEL PSC 1986 + 1h 39' 08" 55 Carlos Jaramillo COL Postobón 1986b + 1h 39' 48" 56 Jean-Claude Leclercq FRA KAS 1986 + 1h 40' 43" 57 Jean-Claude Garde FRA KAS 1986 + 1h 40' 57" 58 Jean-Philippe Vandenbrande BEL Hitachi 1986b + 1h 41' 23" 59 Juan-Carlos Rozas Salgado ESP ZOR 1986 + 1h 41' 51" 60 Enrique Aja ESP Teka 1986 + 1h 42' 32" 61 Gerard Veldscholten NED PDM 1986 + 1h 42' 57" 62 Bernard Vallet FRA RMO 1986 + 1h 43' 12" 63 Bob Roll USA MOT 1986 + 1h 43' 26" 64 Dirk De Wolf BEL Hitachi 1986b + 1h 44' 17" 65 Twan Poels NED RAB 1986 + 1h 44' 17" 66 Ennio Vanotti ITA GIS 1986 + 1h 45' 20" 67 Paul Haghedooren BEL LOT 1986b + 1h 47' 59" 68 François Lemarchand FRA Fagor2 1986 + 1h 49' 05" 69 Ludo Peeters BEL RAB 1986 + 1h 49' 11" 70 Nico Emonds BEL RAB 1986 + 1h 49' 19" 71 Manuel Cárdenas COL Teka 1986 + 1h 50' 11" 72 Guido Van Calster BEL ZOR 1986 + 1h 50' 42" 73 Bruno Leali ITA CAR 1986b + 1h 51' 49" 74 Beat Breu SUI CAR 1986b + 1h 51' 54" 75 Iñaki Gastón ESP KAS 1986 + 1h 52' 35" 76 Dominique Arnaud FRA MOV 1986 + 1h 53' 54" 77 Jørgen V. Pedersen DEN CAR 1986b + 1h 54' 32" 78 Jos Haex BEL Hitachi 1986b + 1h 54' 38" 79 Julián Gorospe ESP MOV 1986 + 1h 56' 11" 80 Jeff Pierce USA MOT 1986 + 1h 56' 57" 81 Maarten Ducrot NED RAB 1986 + 1h 58' 02" 82 Acácio da Silva POR MAL 1986b + 1h 58' 05" 83 Nestor Oswaldo Mora COL Postobón 1986b + 1h 58' 26" 84 Gerrie Knetemann NED PDM 1986 + 1h 58' 28" 85 Dominique Gaigne FRA SUG 1986 + 1h 59' 27" 86 Marco Antonio León COL CAF 1986 + 2h 00' 49" 87 Vicente Ridaura ESP Artiach 1986 + 2h 00' 59" 88 Christophe Lavainne FRA SUG 1986 + 2h 01' 00" 89 Eric Van Lancker BEL PSC 1986 + 2h 01' 53" 90 Jan van Wijk NED PDM 1986 + 2h 02' 35" 91 Alessandro Pozzi ITA GIS 1986 + 2h 03' 39" 92 Guido Bontempi ITA CAR 1986b + 2h 03' 39" 93 Régis Simon FRA RMO 1986 + 2h 05' 06" 94 Francisco Antequera ESP ZOR 1986 + 2h 05' 08" 95 Alain Vigneron FRA LVC 1986 + 2h 05' 08" 96 Ron Kiefel USA MOT 1986 + 2h 06' 38" 97 Philippe Leleu FRA LVC 1986 + 2h 07' 03" 98 Éric Boyer FRA SUG 1986 + 2h 07' 27" 99 Jörg Müller SUI KAS 1986 + 2h 07' 46" 100 Frédéric Vichot FRA KAS 1986 + 2h 08' 15" 101 Gerrit Solleveld NED 20px|link=Intermediate sprints classification in the Tour de France|alt=A red jersey. RAB 1986 + 2h 09' 00" 102 Wim Van Eynde BEL LOT 1986b + 2h 10' 46" 103 Luc Roosen BEL RAB 1986 + 2h 10' 46" 104 Rudy Rogiers BEL Hitachi 1986b + 2h 11' 09" 105 Jan Wijnants BEL Hitachi 1986b + 2h 11' 14" 106 Israel Corredor COL Postobón 1986b + 2h 12' 04" 107 Frédéric Brun FRA Peugeot 1986 + 2h 13' 11" 108 Thierry Marie FRA SUG 1986 + 2h 13' 24" 109 Francesco Rossignoli ITA CAR 1986b + 2h 13' 56" 110 Adri van der Poel NED RAB 1986 + 2h 14' 20" 111 Eric Louvel FRA Peugeot 1986 + 2h 14' 41" 112 Sean Yates GBR Peugeot 1986 + 2h 15' 20" 113 Michel Dernies BEL LOT 1986b + 2h 15' 29" 114 Raúl Alcalá MEX MOT 1986 + 2h 15' 53" 115 Jaime Vilamajó ESP Artiach 1986 + 2h 16' 41" 116 Frank Hoste BEL Fagor2 1986 + 2h 17' 06" 117 Jesús Hernández ESP MOV 1986 + 2h 17' 26" 118 André Chappuis FRA RMO 1986 + 2h 17' 36" 119 Jean-Luc Vandenbroucke BEL KAS 1986 + 2h 17' 58" 120 Alex Stieda CAN MOT 1986 + 2h 19' 47" 121 José Luis Laguía ESP MOV 1986 + 2h 19' 48" 122 Rudy Dhaenens BEL Hitachi 1986b + 2h 19' 58" 123 Marc Gomez FRA MOV 1986 + 2h 21' 13" 124 Alain Bondue FRA SUG 1986 + 2h 22' 03" 125 Eric Vanderaerden BEL 20px|link=Points classification in the Tour de France PSC 1986 + 2h 22' 30" 126 Antonio Esparza ESP Artiach 1986 + 2h 22' 45" 127 Guido Winterberg SUI LVC 1986 + 2h 27' 26" 128 Pierangelo Bincoletto ITA MAL 1986b + 2h 27' 28" 129 Jozef Lieckens BEL LOT 1986b + 2h 29' 21" 130 Francis Castaing FRA RMO 1986 + 2h 41' 56" 131 Paul Kimmage IRE RMO 1986 + 2h 44' 06" 132 Ennio Salvador ITA GIS 1986 + 2h 55' 51" Points classification +Final points classification (1–10)http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD01/HEM/1986/07/28/MD19860728-031.pdf Clasificaciones oficiales Official classifications 28 July 1986 31 es Mundo Deportivo https://web.archive.org/web/20191006133009/http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD01/HEM/1986/07/28/MD19860728-031.pdf 6 October 2019 livevan den Akker Pieter Puntenklassementsdingen in de Tour de France 1986 Points classification standings in the Tour de France 1986 http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/puntenber.php?jaar=1986 nl TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl 6 March 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190306205538/http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/puntenber.php?jaar=1986 6 March 2019 live Rank Rider Team Points 1 Eric Vanderaerden BEL 20px|link=Points classification in the Tour de France PSC 1986 277 2 Jozef Lieckens BEL LOT 1986b 232 3 Bernard Hinault FRA 20px|link=Mountains classification in the Tour de France|alt=Polka dot jersey LVC 1986 210 4 Greg LeMond USA 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A multi-coloured jersey. LVC 1986 210 5 Guido Bontempi ITA CAR 1986b 166 6 Claude Criquielion BEL Hitachi 1986b 156 7 Jean-Philippe Vandenbrande BEL Hitachi 1986b 149 8 Frank Hoste BEL Fagor2 1986 146 9 Steve Bauer CAN LVC 1986 132 10 Urs Zimmermann SUI CAR 1986b 125 Mountains classification +Final mountains classification (1–10)https://leiden.courant.nu/issue/LLC/1986-07-28/edition/0/page/14 Wielrennen: Tour de France Cycling: Tour de France 28 July 1986 Leidse Courant Regionaal Archief Leiden 14 nl 6 March 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190218175732/https://leiden.courant.nu/issue/LLC/1986-07-28/edition/0/page/14 18 February 2019 live Rank Rider Team Points 1 Bernard Hinault FRA 20px|link=Mountains classification in the Tour de France|alt=Polka dot jersey LVC 1986 351 2 Luis Herrera COL CAF 1986 270 3 Greg LeMond USA 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A multi-coloured jersey. LVC 1986 265 4 Urs Zimmermann SUI CAR 1986b 191 5 Eduardo Chozas ESP Teka 1986 172 6 Samuel Cabrera COL MOV 1986 162 7 Ronan Pensec FRA Peugeot 1986 139 8 Andrew Hampsten USA 20px|link=Young rider classification in the Tour de FranceLVC 1986 133 9 Claude Criquielion BEL Hitachi 1986b 123 10 Jean-François Bernard FRA LVC 1986 105 Young rider classification +Final young rider classification (1–10)van den Akker Pieter Stand in het jongerenklassement – Etappe 23 Standings in the youth classification – Stage 23 http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/jongerenstand.php?jaar=1986&etappe=23 nl TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl 6 March 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190306205532/http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/jongerenstand.php?jaar=1986&etappe=23 6 March 2019 live Rank Rider Team Time 1 Andrew Hampsten USA 20px|link=Young rider classification in the Tour de France LVC 1986 110h 54' 03" 2 Ronan Pensec FRA Peugeot 1986 +7' 15" 3 Jean-François Bernard FRA LVC 1986 + 17' 01" 4 Jesús Blanco ESP Teka 1986 +44' 32" 5 Peter Stevenhaagen NED PDM 1986 + 51' 56" 6 Primož Čerin YUG MAL 1986b + 55' 56" 7 Dag Otto Lauritzen NOR Peugeot 1986 + 57' 03" 8 Silvano Contini ITA GIS 1986 + 1h 03' 34" 9 Heriberto Urán COL Postobón 1986b + 1h 17' 51" 10 Jean-Claude Leclercq FRA KAS 1986 + 1h 21' 59" Combination classification +Final combination classification (1–10) Rank Rider Team Points 1 Greg LeMond USA 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A multi-coloured jersey. LVC 1986 87 2 Bernard Hinault FRA 20px|link=Mountains classification in the Tour de France|alt=Polka dot jersey LVC 1986 87 3 Claude Criquielion BEL Hitachi 1986b 68 4 Urs Zimmermann SUI CAR 1986b 61 5 Andrew Hampsten USA 20px|link=Young rider classification in the Tour de France LVC 1986 59 6 Jean-François Bernard FRA LVC 1986 54 7 Eduardo Chozas ESP Teka 1986 49 8 Julián Gorospe ESP MOV 1986 45 9 Ronan Pensec FRA Peugeot 1986 41 10 Samuel Cabrera COL MOV 1986 38 Intermediate sprints classification +Final intermediate sprints classification (1–10) Rank Rider Team Points 1 Gerrit Solleveld NED 20px|link=Intermediate sprints classification in the Tour de France|alt=A red jersey. RAB 1986 305 2 Dirk De Wolf BEL Hitachi 1986b 170 3 Dominique Arnaud FRA MOV 1986 145 4 Johan van der Velde NED PSC 1986 86 5 Julián Gorospe ESP MOV 1986 60 6 Régis Simon FRA RMO 1986 57 7 Adri van der Poel NED RAB 1986 55 8 Guido Winterberg SUI LVC 1986 50 9 Greg LeMond USA 20px|link=General classification in the Tour de France 20px|link=Combination classification in the Tour de France|alt=A multi-coloured jersey. LVC 1986 49 10 Eduardo Chozas ESP Teka 1986 45 Team classification +Final team classification (1–10)van den Akker Pieter Stand in het ploegenklassement – Etappe 23 Standings in the team classification – Stage 23 http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/ploegenstand.php?jaar=1986 nl TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl 6 March 2019 https://web.archive.org/web/20190306205528/http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/ploegenstand.php?jaar=1986 6 March 2019 live Rank Team Time1 LVC 1986 331h 35' 48"2 Peugeot 1986 + 1h 51' 50"3 SUG 1986 + 2h 00' 50"4 PDM 1986 + 2h 23' 50"5 CAR 1986b + 2h 26' 36"6 Fagor2 1986 + 2h 28' 52"7 PSC 1986 + 2h 31' 08"8Teka 1986 + 2h 43' 36"9 ZOR 1986 + 2h 43' 36"10 CAF 1986 + 2h 55' 45" Team points classification +Final team points classification (1–10)Martin 1986 123 Rank Team Points 1 PSC 1986 1523 2 LVC 1986 1674 3 KAS 1986 1869 4 Artiach 1986 2110 5 Fagor2 1986 2124 6 Hitachi 1986b 2149 7 SUG 1986 2243 8 CAR 1986b 2263 9 Peugeot 1986 2342 10 LOT 1986b 2483 Super Prestige Pernod ranking Riders in the Tour competed individually for points that contributed towards the Super Prestige Pernod ranking, an international season-long road cycling competition, with the winner seen as the best all-round rider.Moore Richard Richard Moore (journalist) Remembering Super Prestige Pernod, the season-long battle for title of best rider in the world https://cyclingtips.com/2017/06/remembering-super-prestige-pernod-season-long-battle-title-best-rider-world/ 3 February 2019 CyclingTips Wade Wallace 13 June 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20190204065759/https://cyclingtips.com/2017/06/remembering-super-prestige-pernod-season-long-battle-title-best-rider-world/ 4 February 2019 live The 250 points accrued by Greg LeMond moved him from fourth to the top of the ranking, replacing Sean Kelly, who did not ride the Tour.Lemond leidt in Super Prestige Lemond leads in Super Prestige https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010948860:mpeg21:p010 Het Vrije Volk 28 July 1986 10 nl DelpherVerloren seizoen Bert Oosterbosch Lost season Bert Oosterbosch https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010948824:mpeg21:p021 Het Vrije Volk 15 June 1986 21 nl Delpher + Super Prestige Pernod ranking on 27 July 1986 (1–10) Rank Rider Team Points 1 Greg LeMond USA LVC 1986 600 2 Sean Kelly IRE KAS 1986 530 3 Claude Criquielion BEL Hitachi 1986b 465 4 Adri van der Poel NED RAB 1986 425 5 Urs Zimmermann SUI CAR 1986b 400 6 Francesco Moser ITA Chateau d'Ax 1986 290 7 Jean-Philippe Vandenbrande BEL Hitachi 1986b 235 8 Álvaro Pino ESP ZOR 1986 235 9 Jean-François Bernard FRA LVC 1986 225 10 Steve Bauer CAN LVC 1986 215 Doping No rider tested positive for performance-enhancing drugs during the 1986 Tour.van den Akker 2018 90 Had a positive test occurred, the penalty would have been a ten-minute time penalty for the general classification and a demotion to last place on the stage.van den Akker 2018 85 In his book Rough Ride, rider Paul Kimmage (RMO 1986 yes) revealed that during the final stage into Paris, he witnessed riders injecting substances with needles, telling him that they were not afraid to get caught, since only the stage winner and top finishers were tested.McGann McGann 2008 170 In a television interview in late 1999, Peter Winnen (PSC 1986 yes) revealed that he had used testosterone to help him get through the Tour in 1986.Dutch stars come clean http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/2000/jan00/jan1news.shtml 10 August 2020 cyclingnews.com 1 January 2000 Notes References 30em Bibliography Samuel Abt Samuel Abt https://books.google.com/books?id=PMg_PQAACAAJ LeMond: The Incredible Comeback 1990 Stanley Paul London 978-0-09-174874-6 Jacques Augendre Jacques Augendre http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf Guide historique Historical guide 2016 fr 27 October 2016 Tour de France Paris Amaury Sport Organisation https://web.archive.org/web/20160817121602/http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf 17 August 2016 live Bacon Ellis Mapping Le Tour. Updated History and Route Map of Every Tour de France Race https://books.google.com/books?id=628rngEACAAJ 2014 HarperCollins Glasgow, UK 978-0-00-754399-1 Cossins Peter Alpe d'Huez: Cycling's Greatest Climb https://books.google.com/books?id=a9bBoQEACAAJ 2015 Aurum Press London 978-1-78131-425-8 Dauncey Hare Hugh Geoff The Tour de France, 1903–2003: A Century of Sporting Structures, Meanings and Values https://books.google.com/books?id=54pAJY6Ix8YC 2003 Frank Cass & Co London 978-0-203-50241-9 de Visé Daniel https://books.google.com/books?id=m-THvAEACAAJ The Comeback: Greg LeMond, the True King of American Cycling, and a Legendary Tour de France 2019 Grove Press New York City 978-0-8021-4718-9 Fife Graeme Graeme Fife Tour de France: The History, the Legend, the Riders 2000 Mainstream Publishing Edinburgh 978-1-84018-284-2 Fignon Laurent Laurent Fignon We Were Young and Carefree https://books.google.com/books?id=3VC89FApLzcC 2010 Yellow Jersey Press London 978-0-22408-319-5 Fotheringham William William Fotheringham The Badger: Bernard Hinault and the Fall and Rise of French Cycling https://books.google.com/books?id=4uMsBgAAQBAJ 2015 Yellow Jersey Press London 978-0-22-409205-0 Laget Françoise Laget Serge Cazaban Philippe Montgermont Gilles Tour de France: Official 100th Race Anniversary Edition https://books.google.com/books?id=pRFhBQAAQBAJ 2013 Quercus London 978-1-78206-414-5 Laget et al. 2013 Lemond Greg Gordis Kent Greg Lemond's Complete Book of Bicycling https://books.google.com/books?id=Axu2AAAAIAAJ 1987 G.P.Putnam's Sons New York 0-399-51594-1 Martin Pierre With contributions from: Penazzo, Sergio; Baratino, Dante; Schamps, Daniel; Vos, Cor Tour 86: The Stories of the 1986 Tour of Italy and Tour de France Kennedy Brothers Publishing Keighley, UK 1986 315291081 McGann Bill McGann Carol The Story of the Tour de France: 1965–2007 2 https://books.google.com/books?id=V8mlwItBhhcC Dog Ear Publishing Indianapolis 2008 978-1-59858-608-4 Moore Richard Richard Moore (journalist) Slaying the Badger: LeMond, Hinault and the Greatest Ever Tour de France https://archive.org/details/slayingbadgerlem0000moor registration 2011 Yellow Jersey Press London 978-0-22-409986-8 Nauright John Parrish Charles Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice 2 https://books.google.com/books?id=IkLYDgTnMxEC 2012 ABC-CLIO Santa Barbara, California 978-1-59884-300-2 Rendell Matt Blazing Saddles: The Cruel and Unusual History of the Tour de France https://books.google.com/books?id=yWiCPwAACAAJ 2008 Quercus Publishing London 978-1-84724-382-9 Ryan Barry https://books.google.com/books?id=LFc0DwAAQBAJ The Ascent: Sean Kelly, Stephen Roche and the Rise of Irish Cycling's Golden Generation 2018 Gill Books Dublin 978-07171-8153-7 Smith Martin The Telegraph Book of the Tour de France 2009 Aurum Press London 978-1-84513-545-4 https://books.google.com/books?id=UpzzPqexF00C The Tour de France: A Cultural History Christopher S. Thompson University of California Press 2008 978-0-520-93486-3 van den Akker Pieter Tour de France Rules and Statistics: 1903–2018 https://books.google.com/books?id=09sxwQEACAAJ 2018 Self-published 978-1-79398-080-9 Van Gucht Ruben Hinault https://books.google.com/books?id=TicDBQAAQBAJ 2015 Bloomsbury London 978-1-47-291296-1 Vespini Jean-Paul The Tour is Won on the Alpe: Alpe d'Huez and the Classic Battles of the Tour de France https://books.google.com/books?id=UJ1mPgAACAAJ 2008 VeloPress Boulder,CO 978-1-934030-23-3 Wheatcroft Geoffrey Geoffrey Wheatcroft Le Tour: A History of the Tour de France https://books.google.com/books?id=CjAub7mpChgC 2013 Simon & Schuster London 978-1-4711-2894-3 Further reading Alexander Don Ochowicz Jim Jim Ochowicz Tour de France '86: The American Invasion https://books.google.com/books?id=hnP0AAAACAAJ 1986 Alexander & Alexander 978-0-939353-01-9 Andrews Guy Greg LeMond: Yellow Jersey Racer https://books.google.com/books?id=cGQXDQAAQBAJ 2016 Bloomsbury Publishing London 978-1-4729-4355-2 Drake Geoff Ochowicz Jim Team 7-Eleven: How an Unsung Band of American Cyclists Took on the World-And Won https://books.google.com/books?id=xyCduAAACAAJ 2012 VeloPress Boulder, Colorado 978-1934030929 See also Sports France 1986 Giro d'Italia 1986 Vuelta a España 1986 in sports External links 1986 Tour de France P 11 12 23 1986 Category:1986 in road cycling Category:1986 in French sport Category:July 1986 sports events in Europe Category:1986 Super Prestige Pernod International