1988 South Korean legislative election

none South Korea 1984 legislative 1985 South Korean legislative election 1985 1992 South Korean legislative election 1992 75.77% (8.80pp) All 299 seats to the National Assembly 150 26 April 1988 Roh Tae-woo (노태우 ) Presidential Potraits.jpg Roh Tae-woo Democratic Justice Party Democratic Justice Party (1987) 148 seats 125 23 6,670,494 33.96% 1.29pp Park Yeong-suk Peace Democratic Party Did not exist 70 New 3,783,279 19.26% New Kim Myeong-yun Reunification Democratic Party Did not exist 59 New 4,680,175 23.83% New Kim Jong-pil.png Kim Jong-pil New Democratic Republican Party Did not exist 35 New 3,062,506 15.59% New 1988 South Korean legislative election.svg 300px Results of the election. Speaker Lee Jae-hyung Democratic Justice Party Kim Jae-soon Democratic Justice Party Legislative elections were held in South Korea on 26 April 1988.Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p420 0-19-924959-8 The result was a victory for the ruling Democratic Justice Party (DJP), which won 125 of the 299 seats in the National Assembly. Voter turnout was 75.8%. This was the first time the ruling party did not win a majority in the National Assembly since 1960, the first free and fair elections in Korean history. In January 1990, the DJP merged with other two opposition parties, leaving the Kim Dae-jung-led Peace Democratic Party to be the sole opposition party. Electoral system Of the 299 seats, 224 were elected in single-member districts via first-past-the-post voting, while the remainder were allocated via a modified proportional representation at the national level among parties that won five or more seats in constituencies. One-half of those seats would be awarded to the top party (which was then eliminated from further consideration for national seats), with the remainder allocated based on the number of constituency seats won. Political parties List of political parties in South Korea Parties Leader Ideology Seats Status Last election Before election Democratic Justice Party Roh Tae-woo Conservatism 149 276 Democratic Justice Party 160 276 Democratic Justice Party (1987) Government Reunification Democratic Party Kim Myeong-yun Liberalism Did not exist 50 276 Reunification Democratic Party Opposition Peace Democratic Party Park Yeong-suk 22 276 Peace Democratic Party Opposition New Democratic Republican Party Kim Jong-pil Conservatism 9 276 New Democratic Republican Party Opposition Democratic Korea Party Yu Chi-song Liberalism 59 276 Democratic Korea Party 0 276 Democratic Korea Party Opposition New Korean Democratic Party Shin Do-hwan 32 276 New Korean Democratic Party 0 276 New Korean Democratic Party Opposition Korean National Party Lee Man-sup Conservatism 25 276 Korean National Party 0 276 Korean National Party Opposition New Socialist Party Socialism 1 276 #FF4500 Dissolved Opposition New Democratic Party Ryu Gap-jong Liberalism 1 276 #189868 Dissolved Opposition The governing Democratic Justice Party (DJP) had recently elected President Roh Tae-woo. While remaining the largest party, the DJP lost an absolute congressional majority. The party was hindered by a stronger opposition and the unpopularity of former party leader and President Chun Doo-hwan. The opposition Peace Democratic Party led by veteran opposition leader Kim Dae-jung became the second largest party, winning more seats than another opposition Reunification Democratic Party (RDP). This was vindication for Kim Dae-jung, who came had come third in the 1987 South Korean presidential election. However, the election also showed the party's limitations, coming in as third place after DJP and RDP in popular vote and only winning seats in the Honam and Sudogwon, and nowhere outside of them. For Kim Young-sam's Reunification Democratic Party the election was a major setback, winning third most seats in congress. This was after Kim had placed second in the first democratic presidential election, just ahead of Kim Dae-jung. The New Democratic Republican Party (NDRP) led by former prime Minister Kim Jong-pil came a distant fourth. However, thanks to the failure of the DJP to win an absolute majority, the oppositions emerged as the major powerbrokers in the new National Assembly. In January 1990, the DJP merged with the parties of Kim Young-sam and Kim Jong-pil to form the Democratic Liberal Party, with the former becoming its nominee in the 1992 presidential elections. There were 224 constituency seats and 75 at large seats elected from lists in proportion to parties' share of constituency seats. Results #f8f9fa 1 Hankyoreh Democratic Party 70 Peace Democratic Party 59 Reunification Democratic Party 35 New Democratic Republican Party 125 Democratic Justice Party Democratic Justice Party (1987) 9 Independent FPTP List Total +/– Democratic Justice Party 6670494 87 38 125 –23 Democratic Justice Party (1987) Reunification Democratic Party 4680175 46 13 59 New Peace Democratic Party 3783279 54 16 70 New New Democratic Republican Party 3062506 27 8 35 New Hankyoreh Democratic Party 251236 1 0 1 New People's Party 65650 0 0 0 New #FF7F44 Korean National Party 65032 0 0 0 –20 New Korean Democratic Party 46877 0 0 0 –67 Democratic Korea Party 32799 0 0 0 –35 Korean Justice Party 25433 0 0 0 New #5870C0 The Third Generation Party 16148 0 0 0 New Hanist Reunification Korean Party 3736 0 0 0 New Unificational Socialist Party 3267 0 0 0 New #C81830 Christian Holy People's Party 2247 0 0 0 New Independents 933161 9 0 9 +5 208775 224 75 299 +23 26198205 IPU, Nohlen et al. By city/province + Results by city/provinces RegionDJPRDPPDPNDRPHDPInd. Totalseats Seats % Seats % Seats % Seats % Seats % Seats % Seoul 10 26.2 10 23.4 17 27.0 3 16.1 0 2.1 2 4.0 42Busan 1 32.1 14 54.3 0 1.9 0 6.8 0 1.8 0 2.4 15Daegu 8 48.2 0 28.4 0 0.7 0 13.2 0 1.6 0 2.5 8Incheon 6 37.5 1 28.3 0 14.1 0 15.5 0 1.4 0 0.9 7Gwangju 0 0.7 0 0.4 5 88.6 0 0.6 – 0 0.6 5Gyeonggi 16 36.1 4 22.9 1 15.9 6 18.2 0 0.6 1 4.2 28Gangwon 8 43.6 3 21.6 0 4.0 1 20.2 0 0.2 2 9.4 14North Chungcheong 7 43.7 0 16.0 0 1.4 2 33.3 – 0 4.9 9South Chungcheong 2 30.2 2 15.0 0 3.8 13 46.5 0 0.7 1 3.0 18North Jeolla 0 28.8 0 1.3 14 61.5 0 2.5 0 0.3 0 4.3 14South Jeolla 0 22.9 0 0.8 17 67.9 0 1.3 1 3.0 0 4.0 18North Gyeongsang 17 51.0 2 24.6 0 0.9 2 16.0 0 0.8 0 6.6 21South Gyeongsang 12 40.2 9 36.9 0 1.0 0 10.3 0 0.9 1 8.8 22Jeju 0 36.0 1 27.1 0 6.0 0 3.4 – 2 27.4 21Constituency total 87 34.0 46 23.8 54 19.3 27 15.6 1 1.3 9 4.8 224PR seats 38 13 16 8 0 – 75Total seats 125 59 70 35 1 9 299 References External links 1988 elections in South Korea Inter-Parliamentary Union Category:Legislative elections in South Korea Parliamentary election