1707 Hōei earthquake

Earthquake and tsunami off the southern coast of Japan hist October 2018 October 2024 1707 Hōei earthquake yes 1707 10 28 yes around 13:45 JST Japan l yes 8.6w yes 8.710.1029/2012GL053868 The 1707 Mw8.7 Hoei earthquake triggered the largest historical eruption of Mt. Fuji Geophysical Research Letters 39 24 n/a 2012 Chesley Christine Lafemina Peter C. Puskas Christine Kobayashi Daisuke 2012GeoRL..3924309C 128457540 free 33.2 135.9 inline,title Japan: Chūbu region, Kansai region, Shikoku, Kyūshū 25.7 m Nankai megathrust 4,900–21,000 1707Hoei earthquake intensity.png Hōei earthquake intensity map in JMA scale. 7 The 1707 Hōei earthquake 宝永地震 Hōei jishin struck south-central Japan at around 13:45 local time on 28 October 1707. It was the largest earthquake in Japanese historyhttp://iisee.kenken.go.jp/utsu/index_eng.html Catalog of Damaging Earthquakes in the World (Through 2016) IISEE 27 October 2021 6 March 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20100306180217/http://iisee.kenken.go.jp/utsu/index_eng.html dead until it was surpassed by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake.https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usc0001xgp.php Magnitude 8.9 – Near the East Coast of Honshu, Japan 05:46:23 UTC 11 March 2011 11 March 2011 https://web.archive.org/web/20110312174548/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usc0001xgp.php 12 March 2011 dead It caused moderate-to-severe damage throughout southwestern Honshu, Shikoku and southeastern Kyūshū.http://www.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dat/nenpo/no48/48c0/a48c0p13.pdf Historical maximum seismic intensity maps in Japan from 1586 to 2004: construction of database and application Miyazawa M. Mori J. 2005 Ann. Disaster Prev. Res. Inst. Kyoto Univ. 48C 30 January 2010 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20110722072314/https://www.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dat/nenpo/no48/48c0/a48c0p13.pdf 22 July 2011 The earthquake, and the resulting destructive tsunami, caused more than 5,000 casualties.http://www.gsj.jp/GDB/openfile/files/no0484/PDF/06_Ando/Ando_ppt.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20110720001529/http://www.gsj.jp/GDB/openfile/files/no0484/PDF/06_Ando/Ando_ppt.pdf dead 20 July 2011 Groundwater and Coastal Phenomena Preceding the 1944 Tsunami (Tonankai Earthquake) Ando M. 2006 30 January 2010 This event ruptured all of the segments of the Nankai megathrust simultaneously, the only earthquake known to have done this, with an estimated magnitude of 8.6 l yes or 8.7 w yes. It possibly also triggered the last eruption of Mount Fuji 49 days later.Hill D.P. Pollitz F. Newhall C. amp 2002 Earthquake-Volcano Interactions Physics Today 11 55 41–47 10.1063/1.1535006 2002PhT....55k..41HChesley Christine LaFemina Peter C. Puskas Christine Kobayashi Daisuke 28 December 2012 The 1707 M w 8.7 Hoei earthquake triggered the largest historical eruption of Mt. Fuji https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2012GL053868 Geophysical Research Letters 39 24 10.1029/2012GL053868 0094-8276 Tectonic setting The southern coast of Honshu runs parallel to the Nankai Trough, which marks the subduction of the Philippine Sea plate beneath the Eurasian plate. Movement on this convergent plate boundary leads to many earthquakes, some of them of megathrust type. The Nankai megathrust has five distinct segments (A-E) that can rupture independently.Ando M. 1975 Source mechanisms and tectonic significance of historical earthquakes along the nankai trough, Japan Tectonophysics 27 2 119–140 10.1016/0040-1951(75)90102-X 1975Tectp..27..119AIshibashi K. 2004 Status of historical seismology in Japan Annals of Geophysics 47 2/3 339–368 http://www.earth-prints.org/bitstream/2122/763/1/02Ishibashi.pdf 22 November 2009 The segments have ruptured either singly or together repeatedly over the last 1,300 years.Sieh K.E. A Review of Geological Evidence for Recurrence Times of Large Earthquakes 1981 http://www.gps.caltech.edu/~sieh/pubs_docs/papers/P81b.pdf 13 November 2009 4 June 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20100604120819/http://www.gps.caltech.edu/~sieh/pubs_docs/papers/P81b.pdf dead Megathrust earthquakes on this structure tend to occur in pairs, with a relatively short time gap between them: In addition to two events in 1854, a similar pair occurred in 1944 and 1946. In both instances, the northeastern segment ruptured before the southwestern segment.Kaneda Y. Kawaguchi, K. Araki, E. Matsumoto, H. Nakamura, T. Kamiya, S. Hori, T. Baba, T. 2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies Precise real-time observatory and simulating phenomena of earthquakes and tsunamis around the Nankai Trough – Towards the understanding of mega thrust earthquakes 2007 299–300 10.1109/UT.2007.370806 978-1-4244-1207-5 45347574 In the 1707 event, the earthquakes were either simultaneous, or close enough in time to not be distinguished by historical sources. Damage The earthquake caused 4,900–21,000 casualties, destroyed 29,000 houses, and triggered at least one major landslide, the Ohya slide in Shizuoka.Large Sediment Movement Caused by the Catastrophic Ohya-Kuzure Landslide Tsuchiya S. Imaizumi F. 2010 Journal of Disaster Research 5 3 257–263 10.20965/jdr.2010.p0257 free One of Japan's three largest, it buried a 1.8 km2 area under an estimated 120 million m3 of debris.http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/bcg/siryou/tnn/tnn0277pdf/ks0277008.pdf Case 2: Oya Hillside work 30 January 2010 The Nara Basin shows evidence of event-induced liquefaction.Nakanashi I. 1999 Liquefaction Caused by the 1707 Hoei Earthquake as Observed in the Nara Basin, Central Japan Disaster Prevention Research Institute Annuals, Kyoto University 42 B1 125–127 http://sciencelinks.jp/j-east/article/200005/000020000500A0102130.php 30 January 2010 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120225235238/http://sciencelinks.jp/j-east/article/200005/000020000500A0102130.php 25 February 2012 Characteristics Earthquake The magnitude of the 1707 event exceeded that of both the 1854 Tōkai and Nankai earthquakes, based on several observations. The uplift at Cape Muroto, Kōchi is estimated at 2.3 m in 1707 compared to 1.5 m in 1854, the presence of an area of seismic intensity of 6–7 on the JMA scale in Kawachi Plain, the degree of damage and inundations heights for the corresponding tsunami and records of tsunami at distant locations, such as Nagasaki and Jeju-do, Korea.http://www2.jpgu.org/meeting/2007/program/pdf/T235/T235-010_e.pdf The 1707 Hoei Earthquake, as an Example of a combined Gigantic Tokai-Nankai Earthquake Tsuji Y. Namegaya Y. 2007 23 December 2009 The length of the rupture has been estimated from the modelling of the observed tsunami and the location of tsunami deposits. Initial estimates of 605 km, based on four segments rupturing failed to explain tsunami deposits discovered at the western end of the trough. Including an additional area at the southwestern end, part of the so-called Hyuga-nada segment, gave a better match, with a total rupture length in the range 675–700 km.Kim S. Saito T. Fukuyama E. Kang T.-S. 2016 The Nankai Trough earthquake tsunamis in Korea: numerical studies of the 1707 Hoei earthquake and physics-based scenarios https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/208618327.pdf Earth, Planets and Space 68 1 64 10.1186/s40623-016-0438-9 2016EP&S...68...64K freeFurumura T. Imai K. Maeda T. 2011 A revised tsunami source model for the 1707 Hoei earthquake and simulation of tsunami inundation of Ryujin Lake, Kyushu, Japan Journal of Geophysical Research 116 B2 10.1029/2010JB007918 2011JGRB..116.2308F free Aftershocks Approximately 16 hours after the mainshock, in the early morning of the following day at around 06:00 JST, a strong earthquake with a magnitude of 7.0 occurred with its epicenter near Fujinomiya. This earthquake was strongly felt in Edo (according to the "Diary of Archbishop Ryuko"), Toyama (as recorded in the "Yoshikawa Essays"), and Nagoya (as noted in the "Parrot Cage Records"). In the domain of the Murayama Sengen Shrine, all houses collapsed, and there were instances of temple and shrine buildings collapsing and fatalities in Fujinomiya and along the Tokaido route.March 2011 2011年 東北地方太平洋沖地震 過去に起きた大きな地震の余震と誘発地震 http://outreach.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/eqvolc/201103_tohoku/inducedeq/ dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120328053737/http://outreach.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/eqvolc/201103_tohoku/inducedeq/ 28 March 2012 1 June 2024 outreach.eri.u-tokyo.ac On 13 February 1708, at 10:00–12:00 JST, a major aftershock with its epicenter off the coast of the Kii Peninsula, occurred. This earthquake was strongly felt in Kyoto (according to the "Diary of Miscellaneous Affairs") and Nagoya (as noted in the "Parrot Cage Records"), and it generated a tsunami. In Kii, salt fields were flooded (according to the "History of Hainan Village"), and in Ise, it affected Yamada, Fukiage-cho, and Hitotsuboki, breaking the embankment of the Miyagawa River (as recorded in the "Jingu Bunko Manuscripts"). Tsunami Along the southwestern coast of Kōchi, run-up heights averaged 7.7 m with up to 10 m in places;Hatori T. 1981 Field investigations of the Nankaido Tsunamis in 1707 and 1854 along the South-west coast of Shikoku Bulletin Earthquake Research Institute 56 547–570 ja http://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2261/12817/1/ji0563006.pdf 23 December 2009 https://web.archive.org/web/20111006004423/http://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2261/12817/1/ji0563006.pdf 6 October 2011 dead In Japanese. 25.7 m high at Kure, Nakatosa, Kōchi, and 23 m at Tanezaki.Akitsune Imamura. (1938). 土佐に於ける宝永・安政両度津浪の高さ, 地震 第1輯, 10, 394–404. in Japanese. Eruption of Mount Fuji thumb|right|The crater left by the 1707–1708 Hōei eruption Hōei eruption Evidence suggests that changes in stress caused by large earthquakes might be sufficient to trigger volcanic eruptions, assuming that the magma system involved is close to a critical state. The 1707 earthquake might have triggered a shift in static stress that led to pressure changes in the magma chamber beneath Mount Fuji. The volcano erupted on 16 December 1707, 49 days after the earthquake. See also Japan List of earthquakes in Japan List of historical earthquakes List of megathrust earthquakes References External links Category:1700s earthquakes Hoei earthquake Category:18th-century tsunamis Category:1707 disasters Category:Megathrust earthquakes in Japan Category:Tsunamis in Japan Category:Mount Fuji Category:Earthquakes of the Edo period Category:18th-century disasters in Japan