1960 Tour de France

April 2019 May 2019 1960 Tour de France Route of the 1960 Tour de France.png Route of the 1960 Tour de France followed counterlockwise, starting in Lille and finishing in Paris 360px 26 June – 17 July 1960 21, including one split stages 4173 km 112h 08' 42" Gastone Nencini ITA yellow Italy Graziano Battistini ITA Italy Jan Adriaensens BEL Belgium France Imerio Massignan ITA Italy Jean Graczyk FRA green France Jean Graczyk FRA France 1959 1961 The 1960 Tour de France was the 47th edition of the Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. It took place between 26 June and 17 July, with 21 stages covering a distance of 4173 km 0 on. The race featured 128 riders, of which 81 finished, and was won by the Italian Gastone Nencini. Because Jacques Anquetil was absent after winning the 1960 Giro d'Italia, Roger Rivière became the main favourite. Halfway the race, Rivière was in second place behind Nencini, and with his specialty the time trial remaining, he was still favourite for the victory. When Rivière had a career-ending crash in the fourteenth stage, this changed, and Nencini won the Tour easily. Teams List of teams and cyclists in the 1960 Tour de France thumb|The Dutch team of 1960 Tour The 1960 Tour de France was run in the national team format. The four most important cycling nations of the time, Spain, Belgium, France and Italy, each sent a national team with fourteen cyclists. There were also five smaller national teams: a combined Luxembourg/Swiss team, a Dutch team, a West German team, a British team, and a team of Internationals cyclists, all with eight cyclists. Finally, there were five regional teams, also of eight cyclists each. Altogether, 128 cyclists started the race.The history of the Tour de France – Year 1960 – The starters http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1960/partants.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 3 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200403084151/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1960/partants.html dead The West German team, that had been away from the Tour since 1938, was allowed to join again.Dauncey Hare 2003 270 The teams entering the race were: 20em Spain Belgium France Italy Switzerland/Luxembourg Netherlands West Germany Internationals Great Britain West East/South-East Paris/North Centre-Midi Pre-race favourites Jacques Anquetil, the winner of the 1957 Tour de France, had won the 1960 Giro d'Italia earlier that year. Anquetil was tired, and skipped the Tour. This made Roger Rivière the French team leader, and the big favourite for the Tour victory.De geschiedenis van de Tour de France 1903–1984 Wim Amels 1984 Sport-Express nl 90-70763-05-2 86–87 Route and stages The 1960 Tour de France started on 26 June in Mulhouse, and had one rest day, in Millau.Augendre 2016 51 In previous years, the location of the stage finish and the next stage start had always been close together. In 1960, this changed, when cyclists had to take the train to get from Bordeaux to Mont de Marsan after the ninth stage. The highest point of elevation in the race was 2360 m ft on at the summit of the Col d'Izoard mountain pass on stage 16.Augendre 2016 178Goddet roept bergen te hulp voor de Tour de France Goddet calls on mountains to help for the Tour de France https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:011234314:mpeg21:p008 De Tijd-De Maasbode 22 June 1960 8 nl Delpher + Stage characteristics and winnershttp://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1947_1977/tdf1960.php Mémoire du cyclisme 47ème Tour de France 1960 fr https://web.archive.org/web/20120301003234/http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1947_1977/tdf1960.php 1 March 2012 26 September 2016 deadAugendre 2016 51http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html#1960 Tour de France GC top ten Arian Zwegers CVCC 19 February 2010 https://web.archive.org/web/20080516071832/http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html 16 May 2008 live The history of the Tour de France – Year 1960 – The stage winners http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1960/vainqueurs.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 3 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200403002919/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1960/vainqueurs.html dead Stage Date Course Distance Type Winner 1a26 June Lille to Brussels (Belgium) 108 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Julien Schepens BEL 1b Brussels (Belgium) 27.8 km on 20px|alt=|link= Individual time trial Roger Rivière FRA 2 27 June Brussels (Belgium) to Dunkirk 206 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage René Privat FRA 3 28 June Dunkirk to Dieppe 209 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Nino Defilippis ITA 4 29 June Dieppe to Caen 211 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Jean Graczyk FRA 5 30 June Caen to Saint-Malo 189 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage André Darrigade FRA 6 1 July Saint-Malo to Lorient 191 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Roger Rivière FRA 7 2 July Lorient to Angers 244 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Graziano Battistini ITA 8 3 July Angers to Limoges 240 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Nino Defilippis ITA 9 4 July Limoges to Bordeaux 225 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Martin van Geneugden BEL 10 5 July Mont-de-Marsan to Pau 228 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Roger Rivière FRA 11 6 July Pau to Luchon 161 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Kurt Gimmi SUI 12 7 July Luchon to Toulouse 176 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Jean Graczyk FRA 13 8 July Toulouse to Millau 224 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Louis Proost BEL 9 July Millau Rest day 14 10 July Millau to Avignon 217 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Martin van Geneugden BEL 15 11 July Avignon to Gap 187 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Michel Van Aerde BEL 16 12 July Gap to Briançon 172 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Graziano Battistini ITA 17 13 July Briançon to Aix-les-Bains 229 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Jean Graczyk FRA 18 14 July Aix-les-Bains to Thonon-les-Bains 215 km on 20px|alt=|link= Stage with mountain(s) Fernando Manzaneque ESP 1945 19 15 July Pontarlier to Besançon 83 km on 20px|alt=|link= Individual time trial Rolf Graf SUI 20 16 July Besançon to Troyes 229 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Pierre Beuffeuil FRA 21 17 July Troyes to Paris 200 km on 20px|alt=|link= Plain stage Jean Graczyk FRA Total 4173 km 0 onAugendre 2016 109 Race overview thumb|left|Julien Schepens crossing the finish line ahead of Jacques Marinelli to win stage two at Heysel Stadium in Brussels The first stage was split in two parts. In the first part, a group of fourteen cyclists cleared from the rest, and won with a margin of over two minutes. In the second part, an individual time trial, Roger Rivière won. The lead in the general classification transferred to Nencini, who had been part of the group of fourteen cyclists. Federico Bahamontes, winner of the 1959 Tour, became ill and left the race in the second stage.McGann McGann 2006 245–249 Nencini lost the lead in the third stage to Joseph Groussard. In the fourth stage, a group including Henri Anglade escaped, and Anglade became the new leader. Anglade had already finished in second placed in 1959, and expected to be the team leader now.McGann McGann 2006 245–249 In the sixth stage, Rivière attacked. Only Nencini, Hans Junkermann and Jan Adriaensens could follow. Anglade asked his team manager Marcel Bidot to instruct Rivière to stop his attack, because Nencini and Adriaensens were dangerous opponents. Rivière ignored this, and continued.McGann McGann 2006 245–249 They beat the rest by almost fifteen minutes, and Adriaensens took over the lead in the general classification. After the stage, Anglade said that the French team lost the Tour in that stage. Anglade knew that Rivière would try to stay close to Nencini in the mountains, and warned that Rivière would regret staying close to Nencini downhill.McGann McGann 2006 245–249 The first mountains were climbed in the tenth stage. Nencini won time in the descent from the Col d'Aubisque, where Adriaensens could not follow. After the Aubisque, Adriaensens worked together with his teammate Jef Planckaert to win back time, but Nencini was able to stay away from them, and became the new leader, with Rivière in second place, only 32 seconds behind. Nencini gained one minute on Rivière in the eleventh stage, but Rivière knew he had the stronger team. Moreover, Rivière was at that moment the holder of the hour record, and knew he would win back enough time in the time trial in stage 19.http://www.cyclingrevealed.com/timeline/Race%20Snippets/TdF/TdF1960.htm French Favorite Finds Disaster, Nencini Cruises Cycling revealed 2004 Barry Boyce 26 February 2010 thumb|alt=A rock, encarved with an image of a man on a bicycle|The monument for Roger Rivière, at the location where he fell descending the Col de Perjuret In the fourteenth stage, descending the Col de Perjuret, Rivière followed Nencini, considered one of the best descenders in the peloton but misjudged a turn and went off a cliff. Rivière broke his back in the fall, and never raced again.1960TDF Bike Race Info 2020 https://bikeraceinfo.com/tdf/tdf1960.html Because of this, Jan Adriaensens climbed to the second place in the general classification, and he now was the main competitor for Nencini. Adriaensens lost time in the Pyrenees, and the Italians were able to put Graziano Battistini in second place.McGann McGann 2006 245–249 In the last stages, there was no competition for the overall victory, because it was clear that Nencini's advantage was too large. Therefore, all cyclists put their energy to win the remaining stages. For the points classification, Jean Graczyk had built a large lead, but the mountains classification was only clinched by Imerio Massignan in the final mountain stage. In the twentieth stage, news came that Charles de Gaulle, the president, would be by the route at Colombey-les-deux-Églises, where he lived. The organisers, Jacques Goddet and Félix Lévitan asked the French national champion, Henry Anglade, if the riders would be willing to stop. Anglade agreed and the news was spread through the race. One rider, Pierre Beuffeuil had stopped to repair a tyre and knew nothing of the plan, being three minutes behind the race. When he reached Colombey, he found the race halted in front of him. He decided to pass all the waiting cyclists and continued alone, and won the stage alone on the boulevard Jules-Guesde by 49 seconds.https://www.humanite.fr/2001-07-16_Sports_1960-Pierre-Beuffeuil-remercia-le-general February 2022 "I voted for de Gaulle", he said.http://archives.tdg.ch/TG/TG/-/article-2003-07-898/100-ans-du-touron-sait-que-la-naissance-du-tour-est-une-consequence-directe-de-l-une-des-plusAugust 2018 InternetArchiveBot yes Classification leadership and minor prizes There were several classifications in the 1960 Tour de France, two of them awarding jerseys to their leaders.Nauright Parrish 2012 452–455 The most important was the general classification; it was calculated by adding for each cyclist he times that he required to finish each stage. If a cyclist had received a time bonus, it was subtracted from this total; all time penalties were added to this total. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey.Nauright Parrish 2012 452–453 + Points given in each stage Position 1 2 3 4 5 6 Points 10 6 4 3 2 1 The points classification was calculated differently than in the years before. The top six cyclists of each stage received points; the winner 10 points, down to 1 point for the 6th cyclist. Because only a few cyclists received points, in the first stages of the Tour the lead was shared by up to 5 cyclists. In stage 4, when Jean Graczyk won the stage, he took the leading, having finished second in the stage 2. Graczyk remained leader for the rest of the race. The leader of the points classification was identified by the green jersey. The mountains classification was calculated by adding the points given to cyclists for reaching the highest point in a climb first. There was no jersey associated to this classification in 1960.Nauright Parrish 2012 454 Finally, the team classification was calculated as the sum of the daily team classifications, and the daily team classification was calculated by adding the times in the stage result of the best three cyclists per team.Nauright Parrish 2012 455 It was won by the French team. For the smaller teams (made of 8 cyclists), a separate classification was made, here the Dutch team won. The Great Britain team and the Internationals did not finish with three cyclists, so were not included in the team classification. In addition, there was a combativity award, in which a jury composed of journalists gave points after each stage to the cyclist they considered most combative. The split stages each had a combined winner.van den Akker 2018 211–216 At the conclusion of the Tour, Jean Graczyk won the overall super-combativity award, also decided by journalists.Augendre 2016 51 The Souvenir Henri Desgrange was given in honour of Tour founder Henri Desgrange to the first rider to pass the summit of the Col du Lautaret on stage 17. This prize was won by Graczyk.Hoe kan het: sprinter Jean Graczyk wint Alpenetappe How can it be: sprinter Jean Graczyk wins Alpine stage https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010951210:mpeg21:p014 Het Vrije Volk 14 July 1960 14 nl DelpherHogere prijzen in de Ronde van Frankrijk Higher prizes in the Tour de France https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010615658:mpeg21:p015 Leeuwarder Courant 23 June 1960 15 nl Delpher +Classification leadership by stagehttp://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/article.do?code=GVA&date=19600718&id=GVA-19600718-01010010 Van Rijsel tot Parijs From Lille to Paris nl Gazet van Antwerpen 18 July 1960 10 https://web.archive.org/web/20190215062330/http://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/article.do?code=GVA&date=19600718&id=GVA-19600718-01010010 15 February 2019 livevan den Akker Pieter Informatie over de Tour de France van 1960 Information about the Tour de France from 1960 http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=1960 https://web.archive.org/web/20190302050156/http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=1960 2 March 2019 nl TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl 2 March 2019 livevan den Akker Pieter Een overzicht van de bergdoorkomsten in de Tour de France An overview of the mountain passages in the Tour de France https://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/bergdoorkomsten.php?jaar=1960 nl TourDeFranceStatistieken.nlGr. Pr. della montagna, Gimmi e Nencini guidano la classifica http://dlib.coninet.it/bookreader.php?&c=1&f=6463&p=1#page/8/mode/2up Corriere dello Sport 7 July 1960 9 it Stage Winner General classification25px|alt=|link= Points classification25px|alt=|link= Mountains classificationmountains-jersey No jersey was awarded to the leader of the mountains classification until a white jersey with red polka dots was introduced in 1975.Nauright Parrish 2012 454 Team classification Combativity award Bad luck award 1a Julien Schepens Julien Schepens Julien Schepens no award Belgium Joseph Groussard Luis Otaño 1b Roger Rivière Gastone Nencini 3 cyclistsGastone Nencini, Roger Rivière and Julien Schepens had equal points. 2 René Privat 4 cyclistsRené Privat, Gastone Nencini, Roger Rivière and Julien Schepens had equal points. France Tom Simpson Spain 3 Nino Defilippis Joseph Groussard 5 cyclistsNino Defilippis, René Privat, Gastone Nencini, Roger Rivière and Julien Schepens had equal points. Joseph Groussard Jos Hoevenaers 4 Jean Graczyk Henry Anglade Jean Graczyk Henry Anglade Göran Karlsson 5 André Darrigade Camille Le Menn Rudi Altig 6 Roger Rivière Jan Adriaensens Gastone Nencini no award 7 Graziano Battistini Pierre Beuffeuil Pierino Baffi 8 Nino Defilippis Jean Milesi Stéphane Lach 9 Martin van Geneugden Jean Graczyk André Foucher 10 Roger Rivière Gastone Nencini Graziano Battistini Graziano Battistini Tom Simpson 11 Kurt Gimmi Gimmi / Nencini Kurt Gimmi Imerio Massignan 12 Jean Graczyk Jef Planckaert Harry Reynolds 13 Louis Proost Louis Proost Manuel Busto 14 Martin van Geneugden Gastone Nencini Jean Graczyk Roger Rivière 15 Michel Van Aerde Gimmi / Nencini Tom Simpson Louis Proost 16 Graziano Battistini Marcel Rohrbach Imerio Massignan Brian Robinson 17 Jean Graczyk René Marigil René Marigil 18 Fernando Manzaneque Imerio Massignan Fernando Manzaneque Martin Van Geneugden 19 Rolf Graf Camille Le Menn Victor Sutton 20 Pierre Beuffeuil Pierre Beuffeuil Jan Adriaensens 21 Jean Graczyk Jean Graczyk André Darrigade FinalGastone NenciniJean Graczyk Imerio Massignan France Jean Graczyk Roger Rivière "Pn" Final standings General classification + Final general classification (1–10)The history of the Tour de France – Year 1960 – Stage 21 Troyes > Paris http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1960/2100/etape.html Tour de France Amaury Sport Organisation 2 April 2020 2 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200402220958/http://histo.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1960/2100/etape.html dead Rank Rider Team Time 1 Gastone Nencini ITA Italy 112h 08' 42" 2 Graziano Battistini ITA Italy + 5' 02" 3 Jan Adriaensens BEL Belgium + 10' 24" 4 Hans Junkermann FRG Germany + 11' 21" 5 Jozef Planckaert BEL Belgium + 13' 02" 6 Raymond Mastrotto FRA France + 16' 12" 7 Arnaldo Pambianco ITA Italy + 17' 58" 8 Henry Anglade FRA France + 19' 17" 9 Marcel Rohrbach FRA Centre-Midi + 20' 02" 10 Imerio Massignan ITA Italy + 23' 28" Final general classification (11–81) Rank Rider Team Time 11 Fernando Manzaneque ESP 1945 Spain + 25' 59" 12 Albert Geldermans NED Netherlands + 26' 33" 13 Jean Graczyk FRA France + 26' 55" 14 François Mahe FRA France + 32' 36" 15 Louis Rostollan FRA France + 34' 18" 16 André Darrigade FRA France + 34' 23" 17 Antonio Suárez ESP 1945 Spain + 39' 15" 18 Edouard Delberghe FRA France + 44' 25" 19 René Pavard FRA France + 48' 13" 20 Carmelo Morales ESP 1945 Spain + 50' 44" 21 Jesús Loroño ESP 1945 Spain + 52' 10" 22 Kurt Gimmi SUI Switzerland/Luxembourg + 54' 40" 23 Stéphan Lach FRA Paris/North + 55' 02" 24 Michel Van Aerde BEL Belgium + 56' 51" 25 Eddy Pauwels BEL Belgium + 59' 05" 26 Brian Robinson GBR Great Britain + 59' 52" 27 Piet Damen NED Netherlands + 1h 00' 21" 28 Piet van Est NED Netherlands + 1h 02' 48" 29 Tom Simpson GBR Great Britain + 1h 09' 01" 30 Michel Vermeulin FRA Paris/North + 1h 11' 42" 31 Pierre Beuffeuil FRA Centre-Midi + 1h 12' 02" 32 Pierre Everaert FRA France + 1h 17' 13" 33 Ercole Baldini ITA Italy + 1h 21' 06" 34 Martin van den Borgh NED Netherlands + 1h 25' 18" 35 Jean Dotto FRA France + 1h 25' 28" 36 Jean Gainche FRA West + 1h 30' 31" 37 René Strehler SUI Switzerland/Luxembourg + 1h 32' 09" 38 Joseph Wasko FRA Paris/North + 1h 33' 34" 39 Wim van Est NED Netherlands + 1h 40' 10" 40 Félix Lebuhotel FRA West + 1h 46' 58" 41 Alfredo Sabbadin ITA Italy + 1h 48' 47" 42 Luis Otaño ESP 1945 Spain + 1h 49' 55" 43 André Messelis BEL Belgium + 1h 53' 10" 44 Bernard Viot FRA Paris/North + 1h 53' 37" 45 Jaap Kersten NED Netherlands + 1h 54' 16" 46 Fernand Picot FRA West + 1h 55' 56" 47 André Le Dissez FRA Paris/North + 1h 57' 13" 48 Raymond Hoorelbeke FRA Paris/North + 1h 58' 22" 49 Roberto Falaschi ITA Italy + 2h 00' 07" 50 Marcel Queheille FRA Centre-Midi + 2h 00' 37" 51 Lothar Friedrich FRG West Germany + 2h 01' 45" 52 Joseph Groussard FRA West + 2h 01' 49" 53 Armand Desmet BEL Belgium + 2h 02' 05" 54 Aldo Bolzan ITA Switzerland/Luxembourg + 2h 02' 09" 55 Jean Milesi FRA East/South-East + 2h 02' 40" 56 Emil Reinecke FRG West Germany + 2h 04' 36" 57 Vittorio Casatti ITA Italy + 2h 05' 38" 58 Max Bleneau FRA West + 2h 18' 57" 59 Antonin Rolland FRA East/South-East + 2h 21' 09" 60 Tino Sabbadini FRA Centre-Midi + 2h 24' 46" 61 Édouard Bihouée FRA West + 2h 31' 13" 62 René Marigil ESP 1945 Spain + 2h 35' 51" 63 Pierre Ruby FRA Centre-Midi + 2h 37' 09" 64 Ivo Molenaers BEL Belgium + 2h 39' 31" 65 Alves Barbosa POR Internationals + 2h 39' 55" 66 Camille Le Menn FRA Centre-Midi + 2h 40' 52" 67 Nino Defilippis ITA Italy + 2h 42' 10" 68 Pierino Baffi ITA Italy + 2h 44' 39" 69 Miguel Pacheco ESP 1945 Spain + 2h 46' 29" 70 Rolf Graf SUI Switzerland/Luxembourg + 2h 49' 58" 71 Gianni Ferlenghi ITA Italy + 2h 51' 46" 72 Dino Bruni ITA Italy + 2h 52' 51" 73 Francis Pipelin FRA West + 2h 54' 08" 74 Louis Bisilliat FRA East/South-East + 3h 02' 47" 75 Manuel Busto FRA Centre-Midi + 3h 04' 34" 76 Nello Fabbri ITA Italy + 3h 06' 57" 77 Pierre Morel FRA East/South-East + 3h 10' 25" 78 Fernando Brandolini ITA Italy + 3h 12' 59" 79 Bernard Gauthier FRA East/South-East + 3h 36' 05" 80 Hans Schleuniger SUI Switzerland/Luxembourg + 4h 48' 02" 81 José Berrendero ESP 1945 Spain + 4h 58' 59" Points classification + Final points classification (1–10)Le cifre di un trionfo The figures of a triumph http://dlib.coninet.it/bookreader.php?&c=1&f=6472 Corriere dello Sport 18 July 1960 9 it https://web.archive.org/web/20190924111657/http://dlib.coninet.it/bookreader.php?&c=1&f=6472 24 September 2019 livehttp://doc.rero.ch/record/192277/files/1960-07-18.pdf Le Tour de France cycliste fr The cycling Tour de France Le Nouvelliste 2 18 July 1960 https://web.archive.org/web/20190924153606/http://doc.rero.ch/record/192277/files/1960-07-18.pdf 24 September 2019 live Rank Rider Team Points1 Jean Graczyk FRA France 742 Graziano Battistini ITA Italy 403 Gastone Nencini ITA Italy 354 Nino Defilippis ITA Italy 255 André Darrigade FRA France 226 Dino Bruni ITA Italy 19 Michel Van Aerde BEL Belgium8 Fernando Manzaneque ESP 1945 Spain 169 Pierre Beuffeuil FRA Centre-Midi 15 Bernard Viot BEL Paris/North Mountains classification + Final mountains classification (1–10)http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD02/HEM/1960/07/15/MD19600715-005.pdf Clasificacions es Classifications Mundo Deportivo 5 15 July 1960 https://web.archive.org/web/20190924153621/http://hemeroteca-paginas.mundodeportivo.com/EMD02/HEM/1960/07/15/MD19600715-005.pdf 24 September 2019 live Rank Rider Team Points1 Imerio Massignan ITA Italy 562 Marcel Rohrbach FRA Centre-Midi 523 Graziano Battistini ITA Italy 444 Kurt Gimmi SUI Switzerland 364 Gastone Nencini ITA Italy 366 Fernando Manzaneque ESP 1945 Spain 287 Martin van der Borgh NED Netherlands 228 René Marigil ESP 1945 Spain 219 Jef Planckaert BEL Belgium 2010 Arnaldo Pambianco ITA Italy 18 Team classification + Final team classification Rank TeamBig/small Time1 France Big 335h 43' 43"2 Italy Big + 13' 36"3 Belgium Big + 1h 03' 01"4 Spain Big + 1h 51' 55"5 Netherlands Small + 2h 01' 56"6 Paris/North Small + 2h 57' 41"7 Centre-Midi Small + 3h 01' 01"8 West Germany Small + 3h 52' 52"9 West Small + 4h 08' 36"10 Switzerland/Luxembourg Small + 4h 31' 03"11 East/South-East Small + 6h 17' 02" Super-combativity award + Super-combativity award (1–4)http://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/article.do?code=GVA&date=19600718&id=GVA-19600718-01015008 Graczyck tweemaal de strijdlustigste Graczyck twice the most combative nl Gazet van Antwerpen 18 July 1960 15 https://web.archive.org/web/20190924153614/http://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/article.do?code=GVA&date=19600718&id=GVA-19600718-01015008 24 September 2019 live Rank Rider Team Points1 Jean Graczyk FRA France 3632 Graziano Battistini ITA Italy 1613 Jean Milesi FRA East/South-East 1564 Pierre Beuffeuil FRA Centre-Midi 50 Aftermath Rivière survived the crash, but his career as a professional cyclist was over. The drug palfium was found in his pockets, and it was thought that it had so numbed Riviere's fingers so that he couldn't feel the brake levers.http://www.abcc.co.uk/Articles/DrgsTdeF.html Drugs and the Tour de France Minovi, Ramin Association of British Cycling Coaches 2007 9 September 2010 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20070627210659/http://www.abcc.co.uk/Articles/DrgsTdeF.html 27 June 2007 Nencini had his bouquet of flowers given to Rivière.McGann McGann 2006 245–249 Notes References 30em Bibliography Jacques Augendre Jacques Augendre http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf Guide historique Historical guide 2016 fr 27 October 2016 Tour de France Paris Amaury Sport Organisation https://web.archive.org/web/20160817121602/http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf 17 August 2016 live Dauncey Hare Hugh Geoff The Tour de France, 1903–2003: A Century of Sporting Structures, Meanings and Values https://books.google.com/books?id=54pAJY6Ix8YC 2003 Frank Cass & Co London 978-0-203-50241-9 McGann Bill McGann Carol The Story of the Tour de France: 1903–1964 1 https://books.google.com/books?id=jxq20JskqMUC Dog Ear Publishing Indianapolis 2006 978-1-59858-180-5 Nauright John Parrish Charles Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice 2 https://books.google.com/books?id=IkLYDgTnMxEC 2012 ABC-CLIO Santa Barbara, California 978-1-59884-300-2 van den Akker Pieter Tour de France Rules and Statistics: 1903–2018 https://books.google.com/books?id=09sxwQEACAAJ 2018 Self-published 978-1-79398-080-9 Further reading Mapping Le Tour Ellis Bacon HarperCollins Publishers Glasgow 2014 124–125 9780007543991 872700415 External links 1960 Tour de France 1a 10 11 21 1960 Category:1960 in French sport Category:1960 in road cycling Category:June 1960 sports events in Europe Category:July 1960 sports events in Europe Category:1960 Super Prestige Pernod