2004 United States election voting controversies

none August 2024 May 2014 During the 2004 United States elections, there was controversy around various aspects of the voting process, including whether voting had been made accessible to all those entitled to vote, whether ineligible voters were registered, whether voters were registered multiple times, and whether the votes cast had been correctly counted. There was generally less attention paid to the Senate and House elections and to various state races, but some of them were also questioned, especially the gubernatorial election in Washington, which was decided by less than 0.01% and involved several recounts and lawsuits. The final recount also reversed the outcome of this election. Voting difficulties Voter registration In the months leading up to the 2004 election, both parties made efforts to register new voters. In some cases, Republicans challenged or prepared to challenge the validity of many new registrations, citing instances of fictitious names such as Mary Poppins appearing on the voter rolls.Becker Jo GOP Challenging Voter Registrations The Washington Post October 29, 2004 https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A7422-2004Oct28.html December 1, 2008 There were also complaints about the rejection of registrations by government agencies. College students encountered difficulties in registering where they attended school.Disenfranchising youth & minorities DI Editorial Board The Daily Iowan September 20, 2004 http://www.dailyiowan.com/news/2004/09/20/Opinions/Disenfranchising.Youth.Minorities-723650.shtml July 12, 2008 https://web.archive.org/web/20041229034917/http://www.dailyiowan.com/news/2004/09/20/Opinions/Disenfranchising.Youth.Minorities-723650.shtml December 29, 2004 dead mdy Some officials rejected voter registration forms on grounds that were contested, such as a failure to use paper of a particular weight (in Ohio)Playing With the Election Rules New York Times September 30, 2004 https://www.nytimes.com/2004/09/30/opinion/playing-with-the-election-rules.html?smid=url-share January 30, 2023Early Returns on Election Reform Tokaji Daniel The George Washington Law Review https://uwlaw-omeka.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/original/5fc5d4ede94e3f85b9458acb20c89d533bfd1ab2.pdfe 1227 January 30, 2023 or a failure to check a box on the form (Florida).Florida flooded with pre-emptive election lawsuits Goodnough Abby San Francisco Chronicle October 14, 2004 https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Florida-flooded-with-pre-emptive-election-lawsuits-2687886.php July 12, 2008 A New York Daily News article alleged 46,000 people were registered to vote in both New York City and Florida.Exposed: Scandal Of Double Voters Buettner Russ New York Daily News August 22, 2004 http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/2004/08/22/2004-08-22_exposed__scandal_of_double_v.html https://web.archive.org/web/20090122204511/http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/2004/08/22/2004-08-22_exposed__scandal_of_double_v.html January 22, 2009 live June 18, 2009 mdy A Cleveland Plain Dealer article identified 27,000 people possibly registered in both Ohio and Florida, with 400 possibly voting in both states consistently in the previous four years."Voters Double-Dip in Ohio, Fla.," Scott Hiaasen, Dave Davis and Julie Carr Smyth, [Cleveland] Plain Dealer, October 31, 2004 The articles attempted to match voter rolls to each other,Analysis of Alleged Fraud in Briefs Supporting Crawford Respondents, Justin Levitt, Brennan Center for Justice. Accessed June 18, 2009. Archived June 20, 2009. which probably did not produce accurate results due to similarity of names.Michael McDonald & Justin Levitt, Seeing Double Voting (2007) 997888 Voter intimidation Court injunctions were placed by the Franklin County Common Pleas Court against MoveOn for verbally threatening and harassing individuals who identified themselves as Republican.Timms et al. v. MoveOn, Franklin County Court of Common Pleas, Case No. 04 CVH11 011533. (Exhibit K) On October 5, a Bush-Cheney campaign volunteer in Orlando had his arm broken when trying to stop union activists from storming the campaign office. The "storming" was part of a massive simultaneous campaign against 20 pro-Republican headquarters.Protestors Ransack Bush/Cheney Headquarters In Orlando Local 6 News October 5, 2004 http://www.clickorlando.com/politics/3785861/detail.html December 22, 2008 https://web.archive.org/web/20090116013402/http://www.clickorlando.com/politics/3785861/detail.html January 16, 2009 dead mdy-all Second Break-In Hits A Bush Office In State Postman David The Seattle Times October 12, 2004 http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/politics/2002060393_breakin12m.html December 22, 2008 https://web.archive.org/web/20081202233059/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/politics/2002060393_breakin12m.html December 2, 2008 dead Florida GOP Workers Claim Intimidation By Labor Protesters Schneider Mike Associated Press October 5, 2004 http://ap.tbo.com/ap/florida/MGBW48MMYZD.html https://web.archive.org/web/20041029075046/http://ap.tbo.com/ap/florida/MGBW48MMYZD.html October 29, 2004 Practical impediments In every election, some voters encounter practical impediments to voting, such as long lines at the polling place. In 2004, however, the issue received increased attention.Voting Problems in Ohio Spur Call for Overhaul, The New York Times, December 24, 2004.Voting standards are the key to avoiding long lines on Election Day Belenky Alexander S. Larson Richard C. The Plain Dealer May 8, 2009 http://www.cleveland.com/opinion/index.ssf/2009/05/voting_standards_are_the_key_t.html May 22, 2009 https://archive.today/20090511070530/http://www.cleveland.com/opinion/index.ssf/2009/05/voting_standards_are_the_key_t.html May 11, 2009 live In many places, some voters had to wait several hours to vote. Ohio voters, in particular, were plagued by this issue. A study conducted by the Democratic National Committee in the summer of 2005 found that long lines forced three percent of the state's registered voters to abstain. These impediments led to protests over the outcome, but it was unlikely that the problems affected the result.Several Factors Contributed to 'Lost' Voters in Ohio Powell Michael Slevin Peter The Washington Post December 15, 2004 https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A64737-2004Dec14.html November 11, 2008Democracy At Risk: The 2004 Election in Ohio Democratic National Committee: Institute of Voting Rights DNC Services Corporation 2005 http://www.democrats.org/pdfs/ohvrireport/section02.pdf January 12, 2009 https://web.archive.org/web/20090325030846/http://www.democrats.org/pdfs/ohvrireport/section02.pdf March 25, 2009 dead Among the factors thought to be at work were: the general increase in voter turnout; a particular increase in first-time voters whose processing required more time; and confusion about the providing of provisional ballots, which many states had never used before.August 2024 Distribution of voting machines proved to be a problem in some districts. In Ohio, some precincts had too few machines, causing long waiting times, while others had many machines per registered voters. Officials cited a late rush of registrations after voting machines had already been allocated as one source of long lines.Election day lines caused by voting machine shortage and other factors Keith Tamara WOSU Radio November 17, 2004 http://www.publicbroadcasting.net/wosu/news.newsmain?action=article&ARTICLE_ID=708327 November 20, 2008 May 9, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200509001215/https://radio.wosu.org/ dead August 2024Hearing – 2004 election and the implementation of the Help America Vote Act J. Kenneth Blackwell via archive.org Voting machines Electronic voting#Analysis In the 2000 election, especially in the disputed recounts in Florida, there were issues concerning the ambiguities and uncertainties that arose from punch-card ballots, such as the hanging chads (incompletely punched holes). In 2004, the punch-card ballots were still widely used in some states.New Study Shows 50 Million Voters Will Use Electronic Voting Systems, 32 Million Still with Punch Cards in 2004, Election Data Services Inc Most Ohio voters used punch-card ballots, and more than 90,000 ballots cast in Ohio were treated as not including a vote for president; this "undervote" could arise because the voter chose not to cast a vote or because of a malfunction of the punch-card system. Undervotes were down slightly from the 2000 election on the whole.Tokaji Daniel How Did Ohio's Voting Equipment Fare in 2004? Moritz College of Law February 8, 2005 http://moritzlaw.osu.edu/electionlaw/comments/2005/050208.php July 21, 2008 https://web.archive.org/web/20080611053328/http://moritzlaw.osu.edu/electionlaw/comments/2005/050208.php June 11, 2008 live mdy For the country as a whole, the voting technology used in the 2004 election breaks down as follows: Warf Barney Voting technologies and residual ballots in the 2000 and 2004 presidential elections Political Geography 25 5 530–556 10.1016/j.polgeo.2006.03.001 June 2006 Machine type % of ballots cast Punch card 22.3 Lever machine 14.7 Paper ballot 1.7 Optical scan 29.6 Electronic 22.1 Mixed 9.6 Before 2004, the increasing use of electronic voting machines had raised several issues: Security. Without proper testing and certification, electronic voting machines could produce an incorrect report due to malfunction or deliberate manipulation.Schneier Bruce The Problem with Electronic Voting Machines November 10, 2004 http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2004/11/the_problem_wit.html December 21, 2008Electronic Voting Offers Opportunities and Presents Challenges Government Accountability Officehttp://www.eetimes.com/electronics-news/4050637/Voting-machines-remain-unsecured-expert-warns Voting machines remain unsecured, expert warns Brown Chappell October 28, 2004 EE Times September 23, 2010 Recounts. Voting machine recounts should include auditing of hardware, software and the comparison of multiple vote records. Nevada was one of several states which insisted on electronic voting systems that create a paper trail.'Paper trail' voting system used in Nevada Konrad Rachel NBC News September 7, 2004 http://www.nbcnews.com/id/5937115 https://web.archive.org/web/20151018162218/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/5937115/ dead October 18, 2015 December 5, 2008 Partisan ties. Democrats noted the Republican or conservative ties of several leading executives in the companies providing the machines.Machine Politics in the Digital Age Warner Melanie The New York Times November 9, 2003 https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=technology&res=9804E3DC1339F93AA35752C1A9659C8B63 July 12, 2008 The state of California ordered that 15,000 of its Diebold voting machines not be used in the 2004 elections due to flaws that the company failed to disclose.Touch-Screen Trouble Ross Brian ABC News October 27, 2004 https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/Vote2004/story?id=203866&page=1 November 18, 2008State bans electronic balloting in 4 counties Lucas Greg San Francisco Chronicle May 1, 2004 https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/state-bans-electronic-balloting-in-4-counties-2784975.php December 4, 2008 In September 2005, the Government Accountability Office released a report noting electronic voting systems hold promise for improving the election process while citing concerns about security and reliability raised by numerous groups, and detailing specific problems that have occurred.Federal Efforts to Improve Security and Reliability of Electronic Voting Systems Are Under Way, but Key Activities Need to Be Completed U.S. Government Accountability Office. September 2005 Provisional and absentee ballots In Ohio, Secretary of State Ken Blackwell ruled that Ohio would not count provisional ballots that were submitted at the wrong precinct. This ruling was ultimately upheld by the United States Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit.Ohio provisional ballot ruling reversed USA Today October 23, 2004 https://www.usatoday.com/news/politicselections/nation/2004-10-23-ohio-ballots_x.htm November 20, 2008http://www.ca6.uscourts.gov/opinions.pdf/04a0367p-06.pdf Sandusky County Democratic Party; the Ohio Democratic Party; Farm Labor Organizing Committee; North Central Ohio Building and Construction Trades Council; and Local 245 International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. J. Kenneth Blackwell, Defendant-Appellant, and Gregory L. Arnold; Glenn A. Wolfe; and Thomas W. Noe, Intervenors-Appellants: Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio at Toledo. October 26, 2004 File Name: 04a0367p.06 May 29, 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20120206203907/http://www.ca6.uscourts.gov/opinions.pdf/04a0367p-06.pdf February 6, 2012 live mdy Absentee ballots were also an issue. There were reports of absentee ballots being mailed out too late for some voters to complete and return them in time.Moss Michael The New York Times September 29, 2004 Hurdles Remain for American Voters Who Live Overseas https://www.nytimes.com/2004/09/29/politics/campaign/29military.html December 23, 2008 In Broward County, Florida, some 58,000 absentee ballots were delivered to the Postal Service to be mailed to voters, according to county election officials, but the Postal Service said it had never received them.Local 10 Uncovers Big Ballot Mystery https://web.archive.org/web/20041027165929/http://www.local10.com/politics/3854230/detail.html October 27, 2004 WPLG Miami, October 26, 2004Florida ballot papers go missing BBC News, October 28, 2004 Exit polls According to Richard Morin of the New York Times, the 2004 election "may have finally stripped exit polling of its reputation as the crown jewel of political surveys, somehow immune from the myriad problems that affect telephone polls and other types of public opinion surveys. Instead, this face-to-face, catch-the-voters-on-the-way-out poll has been revealed for what it is: just another poll, with all the problems and imperfections endemic to the craft."Surveying the Damage Morin Richard The Washington Post November 21, 2004 https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A64906-2004Nov20.html July 20, 2008 Exit polls showed a higher percentage of the vote for Kerry than he actually received, leading some, including Tony Blair, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, to conclude that Kerry won the election prematurely.Report Says Problems Led to Skewed Surveying Data Rutenberg Jim The New York Times November 5, 2004 https://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/05/politics/campaign/05poll.html November 11, 2008 https://web.archive.org/web/20081211084234/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/05/politics/campaign/05poll.html/ December 11, 2008 live Mitofsky International, the company responsible for exit polling for the National Election Pool (NEP) and its member news organizations, released a report detailing the 2004 election's exit polling.Edison Media Research Mitofsky International Evaluation of Edison/Mitofsky Election System 2004 January 19, 2005 http://exit-poll.net/election-night/EvaluationJan192005.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20070614015553/http://exit-poll.net/election-night/EvaluationJan192005.pdf June 14, 2007 . Alt URL The NEP report stated that "the size of the average exit poll error ... was higher in 2004 than in previous years for which we have data" and that exit polling estimates overstated Kerry's share of the vote in 26 states by more than one standard error and overestimated Bush's share in four states by more than one standard error. It concluded that these discrepancies between the exit polls and the official results were "most likely due to Kerry voters participating in the exit polls at a higher rate than Bush voters". The NEP report further stated that "Exit polls do not support the allegations of fraud due to rigging of voting equipment. Our analysis of the difference between the vote count and the exit poll at each polling location in our sample has found no systematic differences for precincts using touch screen and optical scan voting equipment." A study performed by the Caltech / MIT Voting Technology Project concluded that "there is no evidence, based on exit polls, that electronic voting machines were used to steal the 2004 election for President Bush."Caltech/MIT Voting Technology Project Voting machines and the underestimate of the bush vote November 11, 2004 http://www.vote.caltech.edu/media/documents/VotingMachines3.pdf July 23, 2008 https://web.archive.org/web/20071201113859/http://www.vote.caltech.edu/media/documents/VotingMachines3.pdf December 1, 2007 . Following the 2004 election, researchers looked at ways in which polling methodologies might be flawedTraugott M. W. 2005 The Accuracy of the National Preelection Polls in the 2004 Presidential Election Public Opinion Quarterly 69 5 642–654 0033-362X 10.1093/poq/nfi061 . free and explored ways to improve polling in the future.Barreto Matt A. Fernando Guerra Mara Marks Stephen A. Nuño Nathan D. Woods 2006 Controversies in Exit Polling: Implementing a Racially Stratified Homogenous Precinct Approach PS: Political Science & Politics 39 3 477–483 1049-0965 10.1017/S1049096506060689 . 54075522 Recounts and close elections Moss v. Bush Ralph Nader requested a recount of 11 wards in New Hampshire where vote totals for Bush were 5–15% higher than predicted by exit polls. The Nader campaign reported that "only very minor discrepancies were found between the optical scan machine counts of the ballots and the recount. The discrepancies are similar to those found when hand-counted ballots are recounted".Nader for President 2004 http://www.votenader.org/media_press/index.php?cid=413 https://web.archive.org/web/20061003061606/http://www.votenader.org/media_press/index.php?cid=413 October 3, 2006 Nader-Camejo Hand Recount in New Hampshire Ends With No Significant Discrepancies October 3, 2006 May 24, 2010 Two poll workers in Cuyahoga County were convicted of preselecting ballots for recounts in Ohio.Election Staff Convicted in Recount Rig Kropko M.R. The Washington Post January 24, 2007 https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/24/AR2007012401441.html October 16, 2008 Around the country there were also recounts of races for state and local office. Most of them reflected simply the closeness of the official tally, but some also raised issues of election irregularities. These included the elections for: Governor of Washington, between Dino Rossi and Christine Gregoire. Issues raised included the mailing of absentee ballots, the counting of provisional and absentee ballots, correction of improper marks on optically scanned ballots, and alleged tampering with electronic voting machines. The first tally and the first recount gave the election to Republican Dino Rossi. However, after two statewide recounts, Gregoire, the Democrat, had a narrow lead of 129 votes out of 2.8 million cast. A Republican lawsuit seeking to overturn the result and force a re-vote was rejected by the court, after which Rossi conceded the election. See Washington gubernatorial election, 2004. North Carolina Commissioner of Agriculture, between Britt Cobb and Steve Troxler. The number of votes lost due to a voting machine malfunction in Carteret County (over 4,000) exceed the reported margin of about 2,000. The state board of elections initially called for a new election in Cartaret County before a judge struck the idea down; a new statewide election was also struck down. The Troxler campaign attempted to gather affidavits from Cartaret County voters to establish they had won; this was mooted when Cobb, who said he wanted to "avoid the terrible precedent of settling elections by affidavit", conceded.Cobb Concedes Ag Commissioner Race To Troxler WRAL-TV February 4, 2005 http://www.wral.com/news/local/story/115340/ December 1, 2008 Governor of Puerto Rico, between Aníbal Acevedo Vilá and Pedro Rosselló. Aníbal Acevedo-Vilá was declared the winner after several months of disputes. The two candidates were separated by just under 4,000 votes.Puerto Rico Certifies Results in Election for Governor Goodnough Abby The New York Times December 29, 2004 https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/29/national/29gov.html December 1, 2008 https://web.archive.org/web/20150528054721/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/29/national/29gov.html May 28, 2015 live Objection to certification of Ohio's electoral votes 2005 United States Electoral College vote count December 2024 After the election, many blogs published false rumors claiming to show evidence that voter fraud had prevented Kerry from winning.Zeller Tom Jr. 2004-11-12 Vote Fraud Theories, Spread by Blogs, Are Quickly Buried https://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/12/politics/vote-fraud-theories-spread-by-blogs-are-quickly-buried.html 2024-04-11 The New York TimesWeiss Joanna What Happened to the Democrats Who Never Accepted Bush's Election https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2020/12/19/2004-kerry-election-fraud-2020-448604 2021-02-08 POLITICO December 19, 2020 en Unfounded conspiracy theories about the election were circulated and promoted.What Happened to the Democrats Who Never Accepted Bush's Election https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2020/12/19/2004-kerry-election-fraud-2020-448604 POLITICO December 19, 2020 August 13, 2024 Conspiracy theorists argued the election was stolen, arguing that votes were switched from Democratic to Republican, that "phantom voters" voted in Ohio, that exit polls that favored Democrat John Kerry were "more accurate" than the actual result,Conspiracy Theories Abound After Bush Victory https://abcnews.go.com/WNT/story?id=239735&page=1 ABC News August 13, 2024 en November 9, 2004 and that voting machines were rigged to favor George W. Bush.Gumbel Andrew The history of 'rigged' US elections: from Bush v Gore to Trump v Clinton https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/oct/25/donald-trump-rigged-election-bush-gore-florida-voter-fraud The Guardian August 13, 2024 October 25, 2016 Although the overall result of the election was not challenged by the Kerry campaign, Green Party presidential candidate David Cobb and Libertarian Party presidential candidate Michael Badnarik obtained a recount in Ohio. This recount was completed December 28, 2004, although on January 24, 2007, a jury convicted two Ohio elections officials of selecting precincts to recount where they already knew the hand total would match the machine total, thereby avoiding having to perform a full recount. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/24/AR2007012401441.html Election Staff Convicted in Recount Rig The Washington Post January 24, 2007 M.R. Kropko May 26, 2010 Independent candidate Ralph Nader obtained a recount in 11 New Hampshire precincts that used Accuvote voting machines.Herron Michael C. Wand Jonathan 2007-06-01 Assessing partisan bias in voting technology: The case of the 2004 New Hampshire recount https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261379406000230 Electoral Studies 26 2 247–261 10.1016/j.electstud.2006.02.004 0261-3794 subscription As a result of these conspiracy theories, some Democratic members of Congress asked for investigations into the vote count. At the official counting of the electoral votes on January 6, an objection was made under the Electoral Count Act (now 3 15) to Ohio's electoral votes. Because the motion was supported by at least one member of both the House of Representatives and the Senate, the law required that the two houses separate to debate and vote on the objection. In the House of Representatives, the objection was supported by 31 Democrats. It was opposed by 178 Republicans, 88 Democrats and one independent. Not voting were 52 Republicans and 80 Democrats.http://clerk.house.gov/evs/2005/roll007.xml Final Vote Results for Roll Call 7 Clerk.house.gov January 6, 2005 May 24, 2010 Four people elected to the House had not yet taken office, and one seat was vacant. In the Senate, it was supported only by its maker, Barbara Boxer, with 74 senators opposed and 25 not voting. During the debate, no Senator argued that the outcome of the election should be changed by either court challenge or revote. Boxer claimed that she had made the motion not to challenge the outcome, but "to cast the light of truth on a flawed system which must be fixed now.". https://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/07/politics/congress-ratifies-bush-victory-after-challenge.html Congress Ratifies Bush Victory After Challenge The New York Times January 7, 2005 http://www.thegreenpapers.com/G04/EC-Boxer-20050106.phtml The Green Papers Senator Barbara Boxer's (Democrat California) Objection To The Certification Of Ohio's Electoral Votes January 6, 2005 September 21, 2024 August 14, 2024 https://web.archive.org/web/20240921112703/http://www.thegreenpapers.com/G04/EC-Boxer-20050106.phtml dead Kerry would later state that "the widespread irregularities make it impossible to know for certain that the [Ohio] outcome reflected the will of the voters." In the same article, Democratic National Committee Chairman Howard Dean said "I'm not confident that the election in Ohio was fairly decided... We know that there was substantial voter suppression, and the machines were not reliable. It should not be a surprise that the Republicans are willing to do things that are unethical to manipulate elections. That's what we suspect has happened." http://www.commondreams.org/views06/0601-34.htm Was the 2004 Election Stolen? : Rolling Stone Rollingstone.com Kennedy, Robert F. November 3, 2008 A 2005 report by Democratic House Judiciary Committee ranking member John Conyers titled What Went Wrong in Ohio claimed that "numerous serious election irregularities" and voter suppression by Republicans had caused Bush to win the state.Executive Summary. In What Went Wrong in Ohio: The Conyers Report on the 2004 Presidential Election https://www.socstudcphs.org/assets/docs/votingconyersgov2007.332220813.pdf 16 October 2024Dunham Will Long-serving former Democratic U.S. congressman John Conyers dies at age 90 Reuters 2019-10-27 https://www.yahoo.com/news/former-democratic-u-congressman-john-204322222.html 2024-10-22 The report was promoted by conspiracy theorists such as New York University professor Mark Crispin MillerMiller Mark Crispin None Dare Call it Stolen Harper's Magazine August 2005 https://harpers.org/archive/2005/08/none-dare-call-it-stolen/ 2024-10-21 and Robert F. Kennedy Jr.,Was the 2004 Election Stolen? Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Rolling Stone 2006-06-05 https://people.csail.mit.edu/rivest/voting/press/WasThe2004ElectionStolen.pdf 2024-10-21 as well as by author Gore Vidal.Vidal Gore Something Rotten in Ohio The Nation 2005-06-09 https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/something-rotten-ohio/ 2025-01-25 While some courts before the election found that certain restrictive voting policies of Ohio Secretary of State Ken Blackwell were illegal,Rubin Robert Electoral Machinations in Ohio, 2004 American Bar Association 2005-04-01 https://www.americanbar.org/groups/crsj/publications/human_rights_magazine_home/human_rights_vol32_2005/spring2005/hr_spring05_electoral/ 2024-10-21 claims of voter and machine fraud swaying the election have been widely rejectedWeiss Joanna What Happened to the Democrats Who Never Accepted Bush's Election POLITICO 2020-12-19 https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2020/12/19/2004-kerry-election-fraud-2020-448604 2024-09-07 https://archive.today/20221205011352/https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2020/12/19/2004-kerry-election-fraud-2020-448604 2022-12-05 Before long, the mainstream apparatus had moved on. and refuted.Hertsgaard Mark Recounting Ohio Mother Jones 2005-11-01 https://www.motherjones.com/media/2005/11/recounting-ohio/ 2024-10-21 A congressional letter in 2005 support of the report was supported only by the "most liberal members of Congress" due to the "exaggerated charges" in the report.Weiner and Kucinich https://www.nysun.com/article/editorials-weiner-and-kucinich New York Sun November 18, 2024 en January 7, 2005 + Senate vote on the objection (3:18 pm EST on January 6, 2005)On the Objection (Shall Objection Submitted Be Sustained Re: Electoral Ballot Count) https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=109&session=1&vote=00001 United States Senate December 27, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20201212192739/https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=109&session=1&vote=00001 December 12, 2020 live Party Votes for Votes against Not voting Republican Party (United States) (55) – 38 17 Democratic Party (United States) (44) 1 Barbara Boxer (D-CA) 35 8 Daniel Akaka (D-HI) Evan Bayh (D-IN) Jeff Bingaman (D-NM) Jon Corzine (D-NJ) Dianne Feinstein (D-CA) John Kerry (D-MA) Mary Landrieu (D-LA) Patty Murray (D-WA) Independent politician (1) – 1 Jim Jeffords (I-VT) – Total (100) 1 74 25 + House vote on the objection (5:02 pm EST on January 6, 2005)Roll Call 7 https://clerk.house.gov/evs/2005/roll007.xml Clerk of the United States House of Representatives December 27, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20201217051145/https://clerk.house.gov/evs/2005/roll007.xml December 17, 2020 live Party Votes for Votes against Not voting Republican Party (United States) (230) – 178 52 Democratic Party (United States) (199) 31 Corrine Brown (D-FL-3) Julia Carson (D-IN-7) Lacy Clay (D-MO-1) Jim Clyburn (D-SC-6) John Conyers (D-MI-14) Danny K. Davis (D-IL-7) Lane Evans (D-IL-17) Sam Farr (D-CA-17) Bob Filner (D-CA-51) Raúl Grijalva (D-AZ-7) Alcee Hastings (D-FL-23) Maurice Hinchey (D-NY-22) Sheila Jackson Lee (D-TX-18) Jesse Jackson Jr. (D-IL-2) Eddie Bernice Johnson (D-TX-30) Stephanie Tubbs Jones (D-OH-11) Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick (D-MI-13) Dennis Kucinich (D-OH-10) Barbara Lee (D-CA-9) John Lewis (D-GA-5) Ed Markey (D-MA-7) Cynthia McKinney (D-GA-4) John Olver (D-MA-1) Major Owens (D-NY-11) Frank Pallone (D-NJ-6) Donald M. Payne (D-NJ-10) Jan Schakowsky (D-IL-9) Bennie Thompson (D-MS-2) Maxine Waters (D-CA-35) Diane Watson (D-CA-33) Lynn Woolsey (D-CA-6) 88 80 Independent politician (1) – 1 Bernie Sanders (I-VT) – Total (430) 31 267 132 See also SMARTech Triad GSI Unilect References 30em External links Steve Rosenthal, Washington Post "Okay, We Lost Ohio. The Question Is, Why?" December 5, 2004 William Raspberry, Washington Post Comments on problems with the 2004 election January 10, 2005 Manuel Roig-Franzia and Dan Keating, Washington Post "Latest Conspiracy Theory – Kerry Won – Hits the Ether" November 11, 2004 Mark Hertsgaard, Mother Jones, "Recounting Ohio" November 2005 Robert F. Kennedy Jr., Rolling Stone, "Was the 2004 Election Stolen?" June 1, 2006 Farhad Manjoo, Salon, Was the 2004 Election Stolen? No. – Critique of Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s Rolling Stone Article June 3, 2006 Final Tallies Minus Exit Polls=A Statistical Mystery!, John Allen Paulos. November 24, 2004 Mark Crispin Miller, Harper's None Dare Call it Stolen August 2005 Category:2004 United States presidential election Category:Voter suppression