2005 French riots

2005 civil unrest in France July 2018 2005 French riots the French banlieue riots Strasbourg_torched_car.jpg A car in Strasbourg lit during the riots. 27 October – 16 November 2005 (21 days) Various cities and towns in France 47 N 2 E inline,title Deaths of Zyed Benna and Bouna Traoré fr Mort de Zyed Benna et Bouna Traoré Arson, rioting State of emergency declared on 8 November, rioting slows down by mid-November * Various groups, largely African and Arab immigrants France Government of France Ministry of the Interior 20px Police nationale 20px Compagnies Républicaines de Sécurité Non-centralized leadership Jacques Chirac(President)Dominique de Villepin(Prime Minister)Nicolas Sarkozy(Minister of the Interior) 25,000 rioters 11,000 police officers 2,888 arrestedUnknown injured 126 police officers and firemen injured 2 civilians killed by riotershttp://www.leparisien.fr/faits-divers/emeutes-de-2005-cinq-ans-de-prison-pour-l-agresseur-de-le-chenadec-12-06-2009-546697.php#xtref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.fr%2F Emeutes de 2005 : cinq ans de prison pour l'agresseur de Le Chenadec 20 April 2015 Le Parisien 20 April 2015http://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2005/11/09/apres-la-mort-de-jean-claude-irvoas-des-habitants-affliges_708368_3224.html Après la mort de Jean-Claude Irvoas, des habitants affligés Benoît Hopquin Le Monde.fr 9 November 2005 20 April 2015 1 civilian killed by smoke inhalationhttp://www.grandbesancon.fr/gallery_files/site_1/346/348/364/834/conseil_municipal_2005_11_21.pdf Compte Rendu Detaille Des DEcisions Du Conseil Municipal Grandbesancon.fr 22 February 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20110720232103/http://www.grandbesancon.fr/gallery_files/site_1/346/348/364/834/conseil_municipal_2005_11_21.pdf 20 July 2011 dead 2 Unknown 2,888 The 2005 French riots was a three-week long period of civil disturbances that took place in the suburbs of Paris and other French citiesJocelyne Cesari (November 2005). Ethnicity, Islam, and les banlieues: Confusing the Issues270–292 Canet Raphaël Pech Laurent Stewart Maura France's Burning Issue: Understanding the Urban Riots of November 2005 Crowd Actions in Britain and France from the Middle Ages to the Modern World November 2008 Palgrave Macmillan 1303514 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303429317 in October and November 2005. These riots involved youth in violent attacks, outbreaks of arson of vehicles and public buildings. The unrest started on 27 October at Clichy-sous-Bois, where police were investigating a reported break-in at a building site, and a group of local youths scattered in order to avoid interrogation. Three of them hid in an electrical substation where two died from electrocution, resulting in a power blackout (It was not established whether police had suspected these individuals or a different group, wanted on separate charges.). The incident ignited rising tensions about youth unemployment and police harassment in the poorer housing estates, and there followed three weeks of rioting throughout France. A state of emergency was declared on 8 November, later extended for three months. The riots resulted in more than 8,000 vehicles being burned by the rioters and more than 2,760 individuals arrested.Oren Gross Fionnuala Ní Aoláin Law in Times of Crisis: Emergency Powers in Theory and Practice https://books.google.com/books?id=XgbEUxcKBgAC&pg=PA200 2006 Cambridge UP 200 9781139457750 Triggering event thumb|upright=1.5|Areas of Rioting in the Paris region as of 1 November Citing two police investigations, The New York Times reported that the incident began at 17:20 on Thursday, 27 October 2005 in Clichy-sous-Bois when police were called to a construction site to investigate a possible break-in. Three teenagers, chased by the police, climbed a wall to hide in a power substation. Six youths were detained by 17:50. During questioning at the police station in Livry-Gargan at 18:12, blackouts occurred at the station and in nearby areas. The police said that these were caused by the electrocution of two boys, Zyed Benna and Bouna Traoré; a third boy, Muhittin Altun, suffered electric shock injury from the power substation in which they were hiding.https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/07/world/europe/behind-the-furor-the-last-moments-of-two-youths.html Behind the Furor, the Last Moments of Two Youths The New York Times 7 November 2005 3 June 2015 Crampton Thomas Chrisafis Angelique French teens electrocution case linked to 2005 riots reopens https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/oct/31/french-electrocution-deaths-case-reopens The Guardian 13 October 2012 The New York Times wrote: According to statements by Mr. Altun, who remains hospitalized with injuries, a group of ten or so friends had been playing football on a nearby field and were returning home when they saw the police patrol. They all fled in different directions to avoid the lengthy questioning that youths in the housing projects say they often face from the police. They say they are required to present identity papers and can be held as long as four hours at the police station, and sometimes their parents must come before the police will release them. There is controversy over whether the teens were actually being chased. The local prosecutor, François Molins, said that although they believed so, the police were actually after other suspects attempting to avoid an identity check.http://www.mg.co.za/articlePage.aspx?articleid=255694&area=/breaking_news/breaking_news__international_news/ Content Not Found Mail & Guardian 13 February 2014 22 February 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140226052600/http://mg.co.za/articlePage.aspx?articleid=255694&area=%2Fbreaking_news%2Fbreaking_news__international_news%2F 26 February 2014 This event ignited pre-existing tensions. Protesters told The Associated Press the unrest was an expression of frustration with high unemployment and police harassment and brutality. "People are joining together to say we've had enough", said one protester. "We live in ghettos. Everyone lives in fear."http://www.democracynow.org/article.pl?sid=05/11/03/1545217#transcript Headlines for November 03, 2005 Democracy Now! 3 November 2005 22 February 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20071115033550/http://www.democracynow.org/article.pl?sid=05%2F11%2F03%2F1545217#transcript 15 November 2007 The rioters' suburbs are also home to a large, mostly North African and Sub-Saharan African, immigrant population, allegedly adding religious tensions, which some commentators believed contribute further to such frustrations and the discrimination against Muslims following the September 11 attacks and the subsequent war in Iraq.France's failure https://www.economist.com/leaders/2005/11/10/frances-failure The economist 13 November 2018 10 November 2005 According to Pascal Mailhos, head of the Renseignements Généraux (French intelligence agency) radical Islamism or Islamic terrorism had no influence over the 2005 civil unrest in France.L'antiterrorisme, selon le patron des RG http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0%402-3224,36-713756%4051-713595,0.html Le Monde October 2008 24 November 2005 https://web.archive.org/web/20051126042358/http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3224,36-713756@51-713595,0.html 26 November 2005 dead Timeline October 2017 While tension had been building among the juvenile population in France, action was not taken until the reopening of schools in autumn, since most of the French population is on holiday during the summer months. However, on 27 October 2005, in Clichy-sous-Bois, late in the afternoon, about ten residents came back on foot from the stadium, where they spent the afternoon playing football. Along the way, they walked near a big building site. A local resident reported an attempted robbery near the construction site to police which then sent a car. The national police tried to arrest six French youths of African or North African origin: four in the Vincent Auriol park and two others in the cemetery which adjoins the electrical substation EDF (Electricité de France) where three others who escaped took refuge – Bouna Traoré (15 years), Zyed Benna (17 years), and Muhittin Altun (17 years). Trying to hide in the electrical substation, Bouna Traoré and Zyed Benna died by electrocution. The third, Muhittin Altun, was seriously burned, but recovered and returned to the district. Shortly after this incident, riots began. Initially confined to the Paris area, the unrest subsequently spread to other areas of the Île-de-France région, and spread through the outskirts of France's urban areas, also affecting some rural areas. After 3 November it spread to other cities in France, affecting all 15 of the large aires urbaines in the country. Thousands of vehicles were burned, and at least one person was killed by the rioters. Close to 2900 rioters were arrested. On 8 November, President Jacques Chirac declared a state of emergency,http://news.scotsman.com/latest.cfm?id=2381422005 https://web.archive.org/web/20060905064955/http://news.scotsman.com/latest.cfm?id=2381422005 2006-09-05 French emergency state ruled legal The Scotsman 22 February 2014 deadhttp://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3224,36-719688@51-704172,0.html https://archive.today/20120803130807/http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3224,36-719688@51-704172,0.html dead 3 August 2012 Le Conseil d'Etat refuse de suspendre l'état d'urgence Le Monde 14 February 2014 22 February 2014 effective at midnight. Despite the new regulations, riots continued, though on a reduced scale, the following two nights, and again worsened the third night. On 9 November and the morning of 10 November a school was burned in Belfort, and there was violence in Toulouse, Lille, Strasbourg, Marseille, and Lyon. On 10 November and the morning of 11 November, violence increased overnight in the Paris region, and there were still a number of police wounded across the country.http://lci.tf1.fr/france/2005-11/violences-stabilisent-4860108.html Banlieues : Les violences se stabilisent – Société – MYTF1News Lci.tf1.fr 18 February 2014 22 February 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140226165937/http://lci.tf1.fr/france/2005-11/violences-stabilisent-4860108.html 26 February 2014 According to the Interior Minister, violence, arson, and attacks on police worsened on the 11th and morning of the 12th, and there were further attacks on electricity substations, causing a blackout in the northern part of Amiens. Rioting took place in the city center of Lyon on Saturday, 12 November, as young people attacked cars and threw rocks at riot police who responded with tear gas. Also that night, a nursery school was torched in the southern town of Carpentras.http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4430540.stm Europe | Riot erupts in French city centre BBC News 13 November 2005 22 February 2014 On the night of the 14th and the morning of the 15th, 215 vehicles were burned across France and 71 people were arrested. Thirteen vehicles were torched in central Paris, compared to only one the night before. In the suburbs of Paris, firebombs were thrown at the treasury in Bobigny and at an electrical transformer in Clichy-sous-Bois, the neighborhood where the disturbances started. A daycare centre in Cambrai and a tourist agency in Fontenay-sous-Bois were also attacked. Eighteen buses were damaged by arson at a depot in Saint-Étienne. The mosque in Saint-Chamond was hit by three firebombs, which did little damage. thumb|A burnt car in Paris' suburbs 163 vehicles went up in flames on the 20th night of unrest, 15 to 16 November, leading the French government to claim that the country was returning to an "almost normal situation". During the night's events, a Roman Catholic church was burned and a vehicle was rammed into an unoccupied police station in Romans-sur-Isère. In other incidents, a police officer was injured while making an arrest after youths threw bottles of acid at the town hall in Pont-l'Évêque, and a junior high school in Grenoble was set on fire. Fifty arrests were carried out across the country.http://permanent.nouvelobs.com/societe/20051116.FAP6521.html Le Nouvel Observateur Actualités en temps réel, Info à la Une Le Nouvel Observateur 14 February 2014 22 February 2014 September 2018 InternetArchiveBot yes On 16 November, the French parliament approved a three-month extension of the state of emergency (which ended on 4 January 2006) aimed at curbing riots by urban youths. The Senate on Wednesday passed the extension – a day after a similar vote in the lower house. The laws allow local authorities to impose curfews, conduct house-to-house searches and ban public gatherings. The lower house passed them by a 346–148 majority, and the Senate by 202–125.http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4441246.stm Europe | France extends laws to curb riots BBC News 16 November 2005 22 February 2014 Salah Gaham's death upright|thumb|Commemorative plaque of Salah Gaham Salah Gaham was a French concierge, born in Algeria. On the night of 2 November 2005, three cars were burned in the basement of the Forum, the building where he worked in Besançon. He attempted to extinguish the fire but fell unconscious due to smoke inhalation. Firefighters attempted to resuscitate him but were unsuccessful. He died at the age of 34; this was the first death caused by the period of civil unrest. The mayor honored him by placing his name on a local street near the Forum. The street is called "Salah Gaham Square," and is marked by a commemorative plaque. Murders of Jean-Claude Irvoas and Jean-Jacques Le Chenadec On 27 October, Jean-Claude Irvoas, 56, was beaten to death by rioters, after being robbed while he was taking photographs of a street-lamp for his work in Épinay-sur-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis. On 4 November, Jean-Jacques Le Chenadec, 61, fell into a coma after being hit by Salaheddine Alloul, 22, and died a few days later. The victim was trying to extinguish a trash bin fire near his home at Stains, Seine-Saint-Denis. Alloul was later sentenced to five years in prison. Cinq ans de prison pour la mort du retraité Context Commenting on other demonstrations in Paris a few months later, the BBC summarised reasons behind the events included youth unemployment and lack of opportunities in France's poorest communities.http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4816306.stm Europe | Q&A: French labour law row BBC News 11 April 2006 22 February 2014 The head of the Direction centrale des renseignements généraux found no Islamic factor in the riots, while the New York Times reported on 5 November 2005 that "majority of the youths committing the acts are Muslim, and of African or North African origin" local youths adding that "many children of native French have also taken part."https://nytimes.com/2005/11/07/international/europe/07france.html?en=573c9c6c59c15188&hp&ex=1131426000 10 Officers Shot as Riots Worsen in French Cities The New York Times 7 November 2005 22 February 2014 Smith Craig S. The BBC reported that French society's negative perceptions of Islam and social discrimination of immigrants had alienated some French Muslims and may have been a factor in the causes of the riots: "Islam is seen as the biggest challenge to the country's secular model in the past 100 years".http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4375910.stm Europe | Ghettos shackle French Muslims BBC News 31 October 2005 22 February 2014 It was reported that there was discontent and a sense of alienation felt by many French Muslims and North African immigrants in the suburbs of French cities.http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4375910.stm Europe | Ghettos shackle French Muslims BBC News 31 October 2005 22 February 2014 However, the editorial also questioned whether or not such alarm is justified, citing that France's Muslim ghettos are not hotbeds of separatism and that "the suburbs are full of people desperate to integrate into the wider society."Simpson John http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4414442.stm Europe | Violence exposes France's weaknesses BBC News 7 November 2005 22 February 2014 Assessment of rioting Summary statistics Timeline of the 2005 French riots Started: 17:20 on Thursday, 27 October 2005 in Clichy-sous-Bois. Towns affected: 274 (on 7 NovemberFrance PM: Curfews to stem riots CNN http://www.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/europe/11/07/france.riots/index.html 7 November 2005 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20051125161143/http://www.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/europe/11/07/france.riots/index.html 25 November 2005 ) Property damage: 8,973 vehicles (Not including buildings). Monetary damage: Estimated at €200 Million. Arrests: 2,888 Deaths: 3 (Salah Gaham, Jean-Claude Irvoas and Jean-Jacques Le Chenadec) Police and firefighters injured: 126 Figures and tables Note: In the table and charts, events reported as occurring during a night and the following morning are listed as occurring on the day of the morning. The timeline article does the opposite. thumb|Map showing the spread of civil unrest through the many different regions of Francered Departments with more car burnings than usual#AAAAAA Departments with more car burnings than usual the day before grey Full extent day No. of vehicles burned arrests extent of riots sources1. Friday 28 October 2005 NA 27 Clichy-sous-Bois 3 in rioting in suburb of Paris get jail terms https://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/31/world/europe/31iht-france.html The New York Times 1 November 2005 https://web.archive.org/web/20110604014024/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/31/world/europe/31iht-france.html 2011-06-042. Saturday 29 October 2005 29 14 Clichy-sous-Bois France: Growing Signs of Unrest Among Muslims https://www.stratfor.com/analysis/france-growing-signs-unrest-among-muslims Stratfor 2 November 2005Timeline: France riots http://www.aljazeera.com/archive/2005/11/2008410121424989730.html Al Jazeera 14 November 20053. Sunday 30 October 2005 30 19 Clichy-sous-Bois Jason Burke https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/oct/30/france.jasonburke Fires of 'civil war' erupt in Paris | The Observer The Guardian 30 October 2005 22 February 20144. Monday 31 October 2005 NA NA Clichy-sous-Bois, Montfermeil  5. Tuesday 1 November 2005 69 NA Seine-Saint-Denis http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,174227,00.html Riots Plague Paris Suburbs for Sixth Night Fox News Channel 2 November 2005 22 February 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20130327075831/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,174227,00.html 27 March 2013 dead dmy-all 6. Wednesday 2 November 2005 40 NA Seine-Saint-Denis, Seine-et-Marne, Val-de-Marne Val-d'Oise, Hauts-de-Seine  7. Thursday 3 November 2005 315 29 Île-de-France, Dijon, Rouen, Bouches-du-Rhône, Planoise (one death) http://permanent.nouvelobs.com/societe/20051104.FAP3932.html Le Nouvel Observateur Actualités en temps réel, Info à la Une Le Nouvel Observateur 14 February 2014 22 February 2014 September 2018 InternetArchiveBot yes 8. Friday 4 November 2005 596 78 Île-de-France, Dijon, Rouen, Marseille http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4405620.stm Europe | French riots spread beyond Paris BBC News 4 November 2005 22 February 20149. Saturday 5 November 2005 897 253 Île-de-France, Rouen, Dijon, Marseille, Évreux, Roubaix, Tourcoing, Hem, Strasbourg, Rennes, Nantes, Nice, Toulouse, Bordeaux, Pau, Lille http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3226,36-707066@51-704172,0.html 1 295 véhicules ont brûlé cette nuit Le Monde 16 February 2014 22 February 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20051125160636/http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3226,36-707066@51-704172,0.html 25 November 2005 dead 754 véhicules incendiés, 203 interpellations http://www.france-echos.com/actualite.php?cle=7518 7 November 2005 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20061118123937/http://www.france-echos.com/actualite.php?cle=7518 18 November 2006 10. Sunday 6 November 2005 1,295 312 Île-de-France, Nord, Eure, Eure-et-Loir, Haute-Garonne, Loire-Atlantique, Essonne.1 295 véhicules ont brûlé cette nuit, le plus lourd bilan depuis le début des émeutes http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3226,36-707066@51-704172,0.html Le Monde 6 November 2005 6 November 2005 https://web.archive.org/web/20051125160636/http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3226,36-707066@51-704172,0.html 25 November 2005 dead11. Monday 7 November 2005 1,408 395 274 towns in total. Île-de-France, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Midi-Pyrénées, Rhône-Alpes, Alsace, Franche-Comté, Angers. http://permanent.nouvelobs.com/societe/20051106.OBS4325.html Le Nouvel Observateur Actualités en temps réel, Info à la Une Le Nouvel Observateur 14 February 2014 22 February 2014 September 2018 InternetArchiveBot yes Police shot, wounded in France unrest http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/6727FE6C-C8E3-491A-B272-A902E3F3F500.htm 7 November 2005 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20051125132150/http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/6727FE6C-C8E3-491A-B272-A902E3F3F500.htm 25 November 2005 France PM: Curfews to stem riots http://edition.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/europe/11/07/france.riots/index.html 8 November 2005 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20051125141155/http://edition.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/europe/11/07/france.riots/index.html 25 November 2005 12. Tuesday 8 November 2005 1,173 330 Paris region, Lille, Auxerre, Toulouse, Alsace, Lorraine, Franche-Comté, Angers http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-706693,36-707659@51-704172,0.html Une nuit marquée nombreuses violences surtout en province Le Monde 18 February 2014 22 February 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20051125234827/http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-706693,36-707659@51-704172,0.html 25 November 2005 dead France plans curfews to curb spiralling riots Forbes https://www.forbes.com/home/feeds/afx/2005/11/08/afx2323455.html 8 November 2005 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20051125191659/http://www.forbes.com/home/feeds/afx/2005/11/08/afx2323455.html 25 November 2005 Bethany McLean http://today.reuters.com/business/newsarticle.aspx?type=tnBusinessNews&storyID=nL08772457&imageid=2005-11-07T215351Z_01_TOU02D_RTRIDSP_2_FRANCE-RIOTS.jpg&cap=A%20suburban%20bus%20burns%20in%20Reynerie,%20near%20the%20southwestern%20city%20of%20Toulouse,%20after%20youths%20set%20fire%20to%20it%20and%20three%20cars%20on%20the%2012th%20night%20of%20violence%20November%207,%202005.%20France%20announced%20plans%20on%20Monday%20to%20impose%20curfews%20on%20rundown%20suburbs%20hit%20by%20violence%20to%20try%20to%20halt%20almost%20two%20weeks%20of%20unrest%20in%20which%20one%20man%20has%20been%20killed%20and%20thousands%20of%20cars%20have%20been%20torched.%20REUTERS/Stringer Business & Financial News, Breaking US & International News Reuters 9 February 2009 22 February 201413. Wednesday 9 November 2005 617 280 116 towns in total. Paris region, Toulouse, Rhône, Gironde, Arras, Grasse, Dole, BassensBanlieues en crise : baisse sensible des violences, premiers couvre-feux http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-706693,36-708075@51-704172,0.html Le Monde 9 November 2005 9 November 2005 https://web.archive.org/web/20060616011651/http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-706693,36-708075@51-704172,0.html 16 June 2006 deadUnrest flares amid the curfews http://edition.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/europe/11/09/france.riots/index.html 9 November 2005 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20051125223614/http://edition.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/europe/11/09/france.riots/index.html 25 November 2005 http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2005-11/09/content_3756065.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20080226172517/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2005-11/09/content_3756065.htm dead 26 February 2008 Xinhua – English Xinhua News Agency 9 November 2005 22 February 201414. Thursday 10 November 2005 482 203 Toulouse, BelfortCurfew for riot-hit French towns http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4423584.stm BBC News 10 November 2005Banlieues: couvre-feu appliqué dans cinq départements, la violence recule http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3226,36-708638@51-704172,0.html https://archive.today/20130107125050/http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3226,36-708638@51-704172,0.html dead 7 January 2013 Le Monde 10 November 200515. Friday 11 November 2005 463 201 Toulouse, Lille, Lyon, Strasbourg, MarseilleChirac Seeks to Learn Lessons From Unrest http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/11/10/ap/world/mainD8DPR93GD.shtml CBS News November 2005 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20051126060706/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/11/10/ap/world/mainD8DPR93GD.shtml 26 November 2005 16. Saturday 12 November 2005 502 206 NA http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3226,36-709528@51-704172,0.html Incidents pour la seizième nuit consécutive en France, la police en alerte Le Monde 15 February 2014 22 February 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20051126161338/http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3226,36-709528@51-704172,0.html 26 November 2005 dead 17. Sunday 13 November 2005 374 212 Lyon, Toulouse, Carpentras, Dunkirk, Amiens, Grenoble Émeutes de 2005 dans les banlieues françaises18. Monday 14 November 2005 284 115 Toulouse, Faches-Thumesnil, Halluin, Grenoble An underclass rebellion https://www.economist.com/news/2005/11/14/an-underclass-rebellion The Economist 14 November 200519. Tuesday 15 November 2005 215 71 Saint-Chamond, Bourges http://www.nzz.ch/2005/11/15/al/newzzEG1PY5DF-12.html Unruhen flauen weiter ab: 162 Autos in Frankreich angezündet – Nachrichten Neue Zürcher Zeitung 22 February 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120121042802/http://www.nzz.ch/2005/11/15/al/newzzEG1PY5DF-12.html 21 January 2012Le retour au calme semble se confirmer dans les banlieues http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-706693,36-710208@51-707207,0.html https://archive.today/20121218065244/http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-706693,36-710208@51-707207,0.html dead 18 December 2012 Le Monde 15 November 200520. Wednesday 16 November 2005 163 50 Paris region, Arras, Brest, Vitry-le-François, Romans-sur-Isère http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3226,36-710597@51-704172,0.html La tendance à l'apaisement se confirme Le Monde 22 February 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20051127050316/http://www.lemonde.fr/web/article/0,1-0@2-3226,36-710597@51-704172,0.html 27 November 2005 dead http://www.nzz.ch/2005/11/16/al/newzzEG35LKJD-12.html Erneut Nacht der Zerstörungen in Frankreich: Unruhen ebben aber langsam ab – Nachrichten Neue Zürcher Zeitung 22 February 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120121042810/http://www.nzz.ch/2005/11/16/al/newzzEG35LKJD-12.html 21 January 2012 TOTAL 20 nights 8,973 2,888     Response Reactions to the 2005 French riots Allegations of an organized plot and Nicolas Sarkozy's comments Nicolas Sarkozy, interior minister at the time, declared a "zero tolerance" policy towards urban violence after the fourth night of riots and announced that 17 companies of riot police (CRS) and seven mobile police squadrons (escadrons de gendarmerie mobile) would be stationed in contentious Paris neighborhoods. The families of the two dead youths, after refusing to meet with Sarkozy, met with Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin. Azouz Begag, delegate minister for the promotion of equal opportunity, criticized Sarkozy for the latter's use of "imprecise, warlike semantics", while Marie-George Buffet, secretary of the French Communist Party, criticized an "unacceptable strategy of tension" and "the not less inexcusable definition of French youth as 'thugs'" (racaille, a term considered by some to bear implicit racial and ethnic resonances) by the Interior Minister, Sarkozy. Buffet also called for the creation of a parliamentary commission to investigate the circumstances of the death of the two young people, which ignited the riots.La boîte de Pandore de Sarkozy L'Humanité 3 November 2005 https://www.humanite.fr/journal/2005-11-03/2005-11-03-817234 dead https://archive.today/20051126161945/http://www.humanite.fr/journal/2005-11-03/2005-11-03-817234 26 November 2005 dmy-all State of emergency and measures concerning immigration policy President Jacques Chirac announced a national state of emergency on 8 November. The same day, Lilian Thuram, a famous Football player and member of the Higher Council for Integration, blamed Sarkozy.http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,13509-1865536,00.html https://archive.today/20070313002343/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,13509-1865536,00.html dead 13 March 2007 The Times 30 March 2010 22 February 2014 He explained that discrimination and unemployment were at the root of the problem. On 9 November 2005, Nicolas Sarkozy issued an order to deport foreigners convicted of involvement, provoking concerns from left-wing politicians. He told parliament that 120 foreigners, "not all of whom are here illegally" – had been called in by police and accused of taking part in the nightly attacks. "I have asked the prefects to deport them from our national territory without delay, including those who have a residency visa," he said. The far-right French politician Jean-Marie Le Pen agreed, stating that naturalized French rioters should have their citizenship revoked. The Syndicat de la Magistrature, a magistrate trade-union, criticized Sarkozy's attempts to make believe that most rioters were foreigners, whereas the huge majority of them were French citizens.Comprendre avant de juger : à propos des émeutes urbaines en France (by anthropologist Alain Morice) Samizdat 31 December 2005 http://infos.samizdat.net/article385.html#nb1 A demonstration against the expulsion of all foreign rioters and demanding the end of the state of emergency was called for on 15 November in Paris by left-wing and human rights organizations. On 20 November 2005, Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin announced tightened controls on immigration: Authorities will increase enforcement of requirements that immigrants seeking 10-year residency permits or French citizenship master the French language and integrate into society. Chirac's government also plans to crack down on fraudulent marriages that some immigrants use to acquire residency rights and launch a stricter screening process for foreign students. Anti-racism groups widely opposed the measures, saying that greater government scrutiny of immigrants could stir up racism and racist acts and that energy and money was best deployed for other uses than chasing an ultra-minority of fraudsters. Police An extra 2,600 police were drafted on 6 November. On 7 November, French premier, Dominique de Villepin, announced on the TF1 television channel the deployment of 18,000 police officers, supported by a 1,500 strong reserve. Sarkozy also suspended eight police officers for beating up someone they had arrested after TV displayed the images of this act of police brutality.http://www.nzz.ch/2005/11/11/al/newzzEFW1EOO2-12.html Die Banlieues kommen nicht zur Ruhe: Besorgte Blicke aufs Wochenende – Nachrichten Neue Zürcher Zeitung 22 February 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120207032838/http://www.nzz.ch/2005/11/11/al/newzzEFW1EOO2-12.html 7 February 2012 Media coverage Jean-Claude Dassier, News director general at the private channel TF1 and one of France's leading TV news executives, admitted to self censoring the coverage of the riots in the country for fear of encouraging support for far-right politicians; while public television station France 3 stopped reporting the numbers of torched cars, apparently in order not to encourage "record making" between delinquent groups.Claire Cozens https://www.theguardian.com/media/2005/nov/10/france.tvnews French TV boss admits censoring riot coverage | Media The Guardian 10 November 2005 22 February 2014http://backspin.typepad.com/backspin/2005/11/french_media_do.html Media Backspin Backspin.typepad.com 22 February 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140227062419/http://backspin.typepad.com/backspin/2005/11/french_media_do.html 27 February 2014 dead Foreign news coverage was criticized by president Chirac as showing in some cases excessiveness (démesure)http://permanent.nouvelobs.com/politique/20051213.OBS8642.html Le Nouvel Observateur Actualités en temps réel, Info à la Une Le Nouvel Observateur 14 February 2014 22 February 2014 September 2018 InternetArchiveBot yes and Prime Minister de Villepin said in an interview to CNN that the events should not be called riots, as the situation was not violent to the extent of the 1992 Los Angeles riots, with no death casualties being reported during the unrest itself – although it had begun after the deaths of two youth pursued by the police.http://www.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/europe/11/29/devillepin.text/ De Villepin interview: Full text – Nov 29, 2005 CNN 29 November 2005 22 February 2014 Backlash against French hip hop artists French rappers and hip hop artists were accused of inciting the youth of the banlieues to riot. After the riots, 200 French parliament members called for legal action against several French rappers, accusing them of inciting the violence.Poggioli Sylvia https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5052650 French Rap Musicians Blamed for Violence NPR.org 14 December 2005 NPR 22 February 2014 Judicial consequences Following ten years of preliminary proceedings, a trial was held in March 2015 against the police officers that were involved on the night when the deaths of Zyed Benna and Bouna Traore took place. The trial ended up without any convictions, which triggered an outcry from some members of the public.A Lingering Injustice in France https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/22/opinion/a-lingering-injustice-in-france.html The New York Times 21 May 2015 See also France Summary and map of the 2005 French riots 2006 Brussels riots 2007 Villiers-le-Bel riots 2009 French riots 2013 Trappes riots 2017 French riots 2023 Nahel Merzouk riots Notes Planoise-reflexion (In French) Besançon.fr (In French) Lemonde1 Article from Le Monde Scotsman101205 "Scotsman" on renewal of state of emergency Indymedia Indymedia on renewal of state of emergency, #torched cars Canardenchaine "Each night between 40 and 60 cars are torched" according to the Council of State in Le Canard enchaîné #4442, 14 December 2005. Lemonde2 Renewal of state of emergency (article from Le Monde) References Further reading Ali, Ameer. "From Islamophobia to Westophobia: The long road to radical Islamism." Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs 3.1 (2016): 1–19. Chabal, Emile. "From the banlieue to the burkini: the many lives of French republicanism." Modern & Contemporary France (2016): 1–7. Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck, and Michael J. Balz, "The October Riots in France: A Failed Immigration Policy or the Empire Strikes Back?" International Migration (2006) 44#2 pp 23–34. Hussey, Andrew. The French Intifada: the long war between France and its Arabs (Macmillan, 2014). Jobard, Fabien. "Rioting as a political tool: the 2005 riots in France." The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice (2009) 48#3 pp: 235–244. Mucchielli, Laurent. "Autumn 2005: A review of the most important riot in the history of French contemporary society." Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies (2009) 35#5 pp: 731–751. Murray, Graham. "France: the riots and the Republic." Race & Class (2006) 47#4 pp: 26–45. Schneider, Cathy Lisa. "Police Power and Race Riots in Paris," Politics & Society (2008) 36#1 pp 133–159 Snow, David A., Rens Vliegenthart, and Catherine Corrigall-Brown. "Framing the French riots: A comparative study of frame variation." Social Forces (2007) 86#2 pp: 385–415. Wihtol de Wenden, Catherine. "Urban riots in France." SAIS Review (2006) 26#2 pp: 47–53. Online Contemporary news reports and essays Durand, Jacky Libération (29 October 2005), "Pompier façon légion romaine" (Firefighters à la roman legion) New Straits Times, p. 28 (8 November 2005), "Fatwa against riot issued" New Straits Times, p. 28 (8 November 2005), "French violence rages on" Rousseau, Ingrid Associated Press (31 October 2005), "France to Step Up Security After Riots"January 2025 medicmedic Gecker, Jocelyn Associated Press (2 November 2005), "French government in crisis mode" Gecker, Jocelyn Associated Press (2 November 2005), "Seventh Day of Violence Erupts Near Paris" by Keaten, Jamey Associated Press (3 November 2005), "French residents can only watch amid riots"June 2017 InternetArchiveBot yes ABC News (4 November 2005), "Paris Riots in Perspective". . New Straits Times, p. 24. (5 November 2005), "Riots spread to suburbs". Heneghan, Tom Reuters (5 November 2005), "Paris seeks 'hidden hands' in riots" Reuters (6 November 2005), "France's Chirac says restoring order top priority" Bouteldja, Naima Red Pepper "Paris is burning" (9 November 2005) Sciolino, Elaine The New York Times (10 November 2005), "Chirac, Lover of Spotlight, Avoids Glare of France's Fires" Neue Zürcher Zeitung (11 November 2005), "Die Banlieues kommen nicht zur Ruhe" ("The suburbs do not get quiet") BBC News (17 November 2005), "French violence 'back to normal'" French Riots: A Failure of the Elite, Not the Republic, JURIST French Riots: A Wake-up Call for the West, The Indypendent French Right Reviles Rappers, The Indypendent External links Photographs La Repubblica image gallery Pictures from the BBC Map of affected areas as of 7 November Photos of Clichy-Sous-Bois, Montfermeil, and Aubervilliers Analysis Emmanuel Todd interview on the 'French riots' translation of an interview of Emmanuel Todd with Le Monde Essays about the riots written by social scientists https://web.archive.org/web/20061015033443/http://riotsfrance.ssrc.org/ 15 October 2006 A left wing analysis, in French of the crisis in the banlieues Nous les zonards voyous, n+1 review Rioting in France: What's Wrong with Europe? – Der Spiegel L'Humanité in English https://web.archive.org/web/20180112180739/http://www.humaniteinenglish.com/ 12 January 2018 (search "riots", "sarkozy", "November", etc.) One Year After the Uprising in the French Suburbs: We Can't Afford to Forget Them, L'Humanite in English. Op-ed in Liberation by Jean Baudrillard Some politically incorrect reflexions on violence in France by Slavoj Žižek, on Multitudes website The Guardian: Questions over the country's ability to integrate its Muslim population ZMag: Why is France Burning? Spiked Magazine: Letter from a Burning Banlieue, by Patrick Belton (who also wrote about the riots from Aulnay-sous-Bois on OxBlog) Working Class France... by Mathieu Kassovitz (director of the film La Haine) in French workplace LA Times, 26 November 2005, Sebastian Rotella (mentions a report published shortly before unrest began) WHY IS FRANCE BURNING? The rebellion of a lost generation, by Doug Ireland, an indepth look at what led to the riots Rioting in France: Le Mal Français. Decline and Fall of the French Model...May 2022 InternetArchiveBot yes , by Benjamin Sehene (Writer of Rwandan origin of Le feu sous la Soutane) Baudrillard Jean Jean Baudrillard The pyres of autumn New Left Review II 37 January 2006 http://newleftreview.org/II/37/jean-baudrillard-the-pyres-of-autumn Ethnicity and Equality: France in the Balance by Azouz Begag, translated and with an introduction by Alec G. Hargreaves (Nebraska, 2007) Irina Mihalache, Imagining the Diasporic Link: The Franco-Algerian Media Dialogues on the 2005 'Emeutes' in France, Cultural Shifts, 2008. Eyewitness blog reports Paris Rioting – a digest of francophone blogs French Riots Category:2005 in Paris Riots Riots Category:Race riots in France Category:Emergency laws in France Category:French Fifth Republic Category:Intifadas Category:History of Paris Category:Seine-Saint-Denis Category:Jacques Chirac Category:Police misconduct in France Category:Arson attacks on vehicles in France Category:Arson in 2005 Category:2005 fires in Europe Category:Building and structure arson attacks in France Category:Attacks on schools in France Category:School arson attacks in Europe Category:Attacks on schools in 2005