1143 papal election

Election of Catholic Pope Celestine II true September 1143 26 September 1143 Archbasilica of St. John Lateran, Rome Corrado Demetri della Suburra Gerardo Caccianemici Gregorio Tarquini Guido di Castello Celestine II Pope Celestine, St William and an unidentified Prelate, East Window, York Minster.jpg 1130 1130 papal election 1144 1144 papal election A papal election on 26 September 1143 followed the death of Innocent II and resulted in the election of Celestine II as the new pope of the Roman Catholic Church. thumb|Plan of the medieval Lateran Basilica Election of Celestine II Pope Innocent II died on 24 September 1143, at Rome. During the first eight years of his pontificate he faced the schism with Antipope Anacletus II (1130–1138), which finally ended in May 1138 with abdication and submission of Anacletus’ successor Antipope Victor IV (1138). The Second Lateran Council in April 1139 deposed from the ecclesiastical offices all former adherents of the Anacletus. However, despite the triumph over the antipope, the last years of Innocent's pontificate were not successful - papal armies were defeated by King Roger II of Sicily, who had received the crown from Anacletus II and demanded the recognition of his title from Innocent II. After the lost battle of Galluccio on 22 July 1139 the pope was taken prisoner by Roger and was forced to confirm all privileges given to the king by Anacletus II.See Robinson, p. 384-387 Soon afterwards new serious problem arose at the city of Rome. In 1143, shortly before Innocent's death, the Roman people created a municipal commune which rejected the secular rule of the Papacy in the Eternal City. The election of Innocent's successor took place in the shadow of this municipal revolution.Robinson, pp. 78 and 453 The cardinals present at Rome assembled in the Lateran Basilica and on 26 September 1143 elected Cardinal Guido del Castello of S. Marco, who had previously served as legate of Innocent II before king Roger in 1137,Cf. Zenker, p. 83-84 and was the first cardinal known to hold the title of magister.Robinson, p. 220-221 He took the name Celestine II and was consecrated on the same day.Robinson, p. 525; Jaffé, II, p. 1. Cardinal-electors There were probably 30 cardinals in the Sacred College of Cardinals in September 1143.Reconstruction is based on Brixius, p. 22 note 2 (number of 34 given by Brixius is apparently a scribal error), but with the following corrections: bishop Rodolfo of Orte, listed by Brixius (p. 46 no. 46), was not a cardinal at that time, see Zenker, pp. 52–53. Additionally, Brixius indicates that also Bernardo da Pisa, future Pope Eugene III, belonged to the College of Cardinals; but see M. Horn: Studien zur Geschichte Papst Eugens III.(1145-1153), Peter Lang Verlag 1992, pp. 42–45. Basing on the examination of the subscriptions of the papal bulls in 1143Jaffé, I, pp. 840–841 and II, p. 1. and the available data about the external missions of the cardinals it is possible to establish that no more than 23 cardinals participated in the election: ElectorCardinalatial Title Elevated Elevator NotesCorrado Demetri della SuburraBishop of Sabina1113/14Paschalis IIDean of the College of Cardinals; future Pope Anastasius IV (1153—1154)Alberic de Beauvais, O.S.B.ClunyBishop of Ostia3 April 1138Innocent IIÉtienne de Châlons, O.Cist.Bishop of Palestrina21 February 1141Innocent IIImar, O.S.B.ClunyBishop of Tusculum13 March 1142Innocent IIPietroBishop of Albano17 September 1143Innocent IIGerardo Caccianemici, Can.Reg.Priest of S. Croce in Gerusalemme9 March 1123Callixtus IIProtopriest; Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church; future Pope Lucius II (1144—1145)Guido del CastelloPriest of S. Marco1128/29Honorius IIElected Pope Celestine IIGuido FlorentinusPriest of S. Crisogono1139Innocent IIRainieroPriest of S. Prisca22 December 1139Innocent IIGregorio della SuburraPriest of S. Maria in Trastevere1 March 1140Innocent IITommasoPriest of S. Vitale1 March 1140Innocent IIPietroPriest of S. Pudenziana20 September 1140Innocent IIArchpriest of the Vatican BasilicaUbaldoPriest of SS. Giovanni e Paolo19 December 1141Innocent IIGregorio TarquiniDeacon of SS. Sergio e Bacco9 March 1123Callixtus IIProtodeaconOdone BonecaseDeacon of S. Giorgio in Velabro4 March 1132Innocent IIUbaldoDeacon of S. Maria in Via Lata21 December 1134Innocent IIGerardoDeacon of S. Maria in Domnica27 May 1138Innocent IIOttaviano de MonticelliDeacon of S. Nicola in Carcere25 February 1138Innocent IIFuture Antipope Victor IV (1159–1164)PietroDeacon of S. Maria in Aquiro21 February 1141Innocent IIPietroDeacon of S. Maria in Portico19 September 1141Innocent IIGregorioDeacon of the Holy Roman Church19 December 1141Innocent IINiccoloDeacon of the Holy Roman Church13 March 1142Innocent II Eighteen electors were created by Pope Innocent II, two by Pope Callixtus II, one by Pope Honorius II and one by Pope Paschalis II. Absentees ElectorCardinalatial Title Elevated Elevator NotesTheodwin, O.S.B.Bishop of Santa Rufinaca. 1133Innocent IIPapal legate in GermanyZenker, pp. 28 and 263; he did not subscribe any papal bulls between 18 May 1140 and 26 November 1143 (Jaffé, I, p. 840 and II, p. 1).GoizoPriest of S. Cecilia22 December 1139Innocent IIPapal legate in LombardyHe is attested as legate between August 1143 and December 1143 (Paul Kehr, Italia Pontificia, Berlin 1906–1975, vol. VI/1, pp. XXVI–XXVII and vol. VII/1, p. XVIII); he did not subscribe any papal bulls between 14 May 1143 and 28 December 1143 (Jaffé, I, p. 840, and II, p. 1)Rainaldo di Collemezzo, O.S.B.Cas.Priest of SS. Marcellino e Pietroca. 1139–1141Innocent IIAbbot of Montecassino (external cardinalGanzer, pp. 94–97; Ganzer postdated his creation to 1145, see G. Loud, The Latin Church in Norman Italy, Cambridge University Press, 2007, p. 158 note 87)Ubaldo AllucingoliPriest of S. Prassede16 December 1138Innocent IIPapal legate in Lombardy;Zenker, p. 23; he did not subscribe any papal bulls between 26 April 1143 and 1 December 1143 (Jaffé, I, p. 840, and II, p. 1) future Pope Lucius III (1181–1185)Guido PisanoDeacon of SS. Cosma e Damiano4 March 1132Innocent IIPapal legate in SpainZenker, p. 147; he did not subscribe any papal bulls between 30 September 1142 and 17 February 1144 (Jaffé, I, p. 840, and II, p. 1)Adenulf, O.S.B.Deacon of S. Maria in Cosmedin16 December 1132Innocent IIAbbot of Farfa (external cardinalGanzer, pp. 81–83)Guido de Castro FicecloDeacon of the Holy Roman Church1139Innocent IIPapal legate in Bohemia and MoraviaLuchesius Spätling, Kardinal Guido und seine Legation in Böhmen-Mären, in: Mitteilungen des Instituts für österreichische Geschichtsforschung, Universitäts Wien Institut für Geschichtsforschung und Archivwissenschaft in Wien, 1958, pp. 308–330; Zenker, p. 189; Brixius, pp. 89–90.GilbertoDeacon of S. Adriano13 March 1142Innocent IIPapal legate in UmbriaPaul Kehr, Italia Pontificia, Berlin 1906–1975, vol. IV, p. 100 no. 5. Notes Sources Ganzer Klaus Die Entwicklung des auswärtigen Kardinalats im hohen Mittelalter. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des Kardinalkollegiums vom 11.bis 13. Jahrhundert Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom de Tübingen Max Niemeyer Verlag 1963 Robinson Ian Stuart The Papacy 1073–1198. Continuity and Innovation Cambridge University Press Cambridge Medieval Textbooks 1990 0-521-31922-6 Jaffé Phillipp Philipp Jaffé Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita Ecclesia ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII, vol. I–II https://archive.org/details/regestapontific00jaffgoog la Leipzig 1885–1888 Veit et comp. Kehr Paul Fridolin Regesta pontificum Romanorum. Italia Pontificia. Vol. I–X http://collections.stanford.edu/publicdomain/bin/search/simple/process?query=Italia+pontificia la SUL Books in the Public Domain 1906–1975 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20060223161732/http://collections.stanford.edu/publicdomain/bin/search/simple/process?query=Italia+pontificia 2006-02-23 Salvador Miranda (historian) Miranda Salvador Election of September 25 - 26, 1143 (Celestine II) https://cardinals.fiu.edu/conclave-xii.htm#1143 The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church Florida International University 2019-06-02 53276621 Zenker Barbara Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130 bis 1159 Würzburg de 1964 Brixius Johannes Matthias Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130-1181 R. Trenkel de Berlin 1912 collapsed Catholicism Christianity Vatican City y Biblical Studies/Christianity/Roman Catholicism/History y Category:Papal conclave y Category:Roman Catholic Church y Category:Popes y Category:Popes y Category:Christian History y Pope y Category:12th-century elections 1143 Category:1143 in Europe Category:12th century in Catholicism Category:12th century in the Papal States