1 Kings 2

1 Kings, chapter 2 1 Kings 2 1 Kings 1 chapter 1 1 Kings 3 chapter 3 First book of Kings Old Testament 11 Nevi'im 4 Former Prophets Leningrad-codex-09-kings.pdf 250px The pages containing the Books of Kings (1 & 2 Kings) Leningrad Codex (1008 CE). 1 Kings 2 is the second chapter of the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the First Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.Halley 1965 189Collins 2014 288 The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE.McKane 1993 324 This chapter belongs to the section focusing on the reign of Solomon over the unified kingdom of Judah and Israel (1 Kings 1 to 11).Dietrich 2007 234 The focus of this chapter is the reign of David and Solomon, the kings of Israel.Dietrich 2007 235 Text This chapter was originally written in the Hebrew language and since the 16th century is divided into 53 verses. Textual witnesses Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), Aleppo Codex (10th century), and Codex Leningradensis (1008).Würthwein 1995 35–37 There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century) and Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century).Würthwein 1995 73–74The whole book of 1 Kings is missing from the extant Codex Sinaiticus.Codex Sinaiticus In the middle of chapter 2 in 1 Kings (3 Reigns 2), the Septuagint of Codex Vaticanus has two long additions, called "Additions 1 and 2": 1. After verse 35 there are 14 additional verses, traditionally denoted 35a–35o, 2. After verse 46 there are 11 additional verses, denoted 46a–46l.Tov 1999 549 Old Testament references 1 Kings 2:1–9 9: Psalm 37:1–40 91 Kings 2, Berean Study Bible 1 Kings 2:10–12 9: 1 Chronicles 29:26–30 9 Analysis The first two chapters of the Books of Kings describe the final phase of David's story and the beginning of Solomon's.Coogan 2007 489 Hebrew Bible These chapters are markedly written differently than other biblical and extrabiblical ancient literature.Leithart 2006 29 David's bequest to Solomon (2:1–12) This section contains the only time in the books of Kings that David spoke directly to Solomon.Dietrich 2007 235 The parting words are similar to God's words to Joshua after the death of Moses (Joshua 1:6–9).Coogan 2007 491 Hebrew Bible David first charged Solomon to reign in accordance to the "law of Moses" (cf. Deuteronomy 4:29; 6:2; 8:6; 9:5; 11:1; 29:9), because everyone in Israel, even the king (cf. Deuteronomy 17:18–20; Psalm 132:12; cf. 2 Samuel 7:14–16), should fall under God and his laws.Dietrich 2007 235Coogan 2007 491 Hebrew Bible It is followed by David's complaints to the 'wise' Solomon about the 'enemies', which were Joab and Shimei ben Gera (cf. 2 Samuel 3:27; 20:9–10; 16:5–14; cf. 19:24) and incited him to deal with them, which gave legitimation for the subsequent purges.Dietrich 2007 235 David also encouraged reward for the old Barzillai (verse 7, cf. 2 Samuel 17:26–29; 19:32–39). After all the words, David was able to die in peace and buried in the necropolis within the "city of David".Dietrich 2007 235 Verse 11 And the time that David reigned over Israel was forty years. He reigned seven years in Hebron and thirty-three years in Jerusalem.1 Kings 2:11 ESV ESV "Forty years": according to Thiele's chronology, David died between September 972 BCE and September 971 BCE at the age of 70, so his birth was between September 1042 BCE and September 1041 BCE.McFall 1991 no. 1 The elimination of Adonijah (2:13–25) After a while, Adonijah began to 'dig his own grave' by lusting after Abishag the Shunammite, a dangerous move because 'she had, after all, lain in his father's bed', and 2 Samuel 16:20–22 indicate that having a sexual liaison with David's concubines was to legitimize Absalom's claim to the throne.Dietrich 2007 235Coogan 2007 492 Hebrew Bible Adonijah correctly recognized the power and influence of Bathsheba as the queen mother (shown in verse 19). He failed to understand her intentions and character, as she seemed to support Adonijah's petition, yet slipped the phrase 'your brother' to awaken Solomon's fears.Dietrich 2007 235 Solomon used the opportunity to order Adonijah's execution by the unscrupulous Benaiah.Dietrich 2007 235 The elimination of Abiathar (2:26–27) Solomon did not dare to harm Abiathar, one of David's trusted priests, but he had the authority to relieve the priest of all duties and banish him to Anathoth, a small country town about 5 km north of Jerusalem.Dietrich 2007 235 This is a fulfillment of 1 Samuel 2:27–36.Coogan 2007 492 Hebrew Bible Jeremiah the prophet also came from Anatoth (Jeremiah 1:1; 32), so could be his descendant.Dietrich 2007 235 Interestingly, David did not mention Abiathar nor Adonijah in his last words, so the actions against them were solely Solomon's decision.Dietrich 2007 235 Zadok (cf 2 Chronicles 1:8,10, 34, 39) became the sole high priest after the departure of Abiathar (verse 35).Dietrich 2007 236 The elimination of Joab (2:28–35) Joab realized the direction of the purge, so he took refuge in the Tabernacle. Solomon used Joab's word "I will die here" as a request that the king would gladly grant with the addition of justifying words of Joab's past sins (verses 31–33), so Benaiah, under the explicit order of the king, could execute Joab at the altar.Dietrich 2007 235–236 For his loyal service, Benaiah was appointed to Joab's post as army chief (verse 35).Dietrich 2007 236 The elimination of Shimei (2:36–46) Solomon plays a cruel game with Shimei, who had done unpleasant things to David, but later received David's personal promise of safety (2 Samuel 16:5–14 and 19:17–24).Dietrich 2007 236 The king placed Shimei under house arrest, and would only be executed if he left his house with the addition of a seemingly reasonable requirement "not crossing the Wadi Kidron" on the east of Jerusalem.Dietrich 2007 236 However, when Shimei eventually left his house to Gath, west of Jerusalem, the leaving of the house was the ground for his execution by Benaiah.Dietrich 2007 236Coogan 2007 493 Hebrew Bible The outcome of the actions in this chapter is that the kingdom was then firmly in Solomon's hands.Dietrich 2007 236 See also 22em Abner Absalom Achish Amasa Bahurim Ark of the Covenant Israel Jerusalem Gath Haggith Kidron Valley Kohen Prophet Shunammite Zeruiah Related Bible parts: Deuteronomy 4, Deuteronomy 6, Deuteronomy 8, Deuteronomy 9, Deuteronomy 11, Deuteronomy 29, Deuteronomy 17, 1 Samuel 2, 2 Samuel 7, 2 Samuel 16, 2 Samuel 19, 1 Chronicles 29, Psalm 37, Psalm 132, Jeremiah 1 Notes References Sources Collins John J. Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures Chapter 14: 1 Kings 12 – 2 Kings 25 277–296 Fortress Press 2014 https://books.google.com/books?id=fbsoBAAAQBAJ 978-1451469233 Coogan Michael David Michael D. Coogan The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 Coogan Michael David Marc Zvi Brettler Carol Ann Newsom Pheme Perkins Augmented 3rd Oxford University Press 2007 978-0195288810 https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ Dietrich Walter 13. 1 and 2 Kings The Oxford Bible Commentary John Barton John Barton (theologian) John Muddiman John Muddiman Oxford University Press first (paperback) 2007 232–266 978-0199277186 https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ February 6, 2019 Halley Henry H. Henry Hampton Halley Halley's Bible Handbook: an abbreviated Bible commentary 24th (revised) Zondervan Publishing House 1965 https://archive.org/details/halleysbiblehand00henr registration 0-310-25720-4 Hayes Christine Introduction to the Bible Yale University Press 2015 https://books.google.com/books?id=SKbkXYHxvlAC 978-0300188271 Leithart Peter J. 1 & 2 Kings Brazos Theological Commentary on the Bible Brazos Press 2006 978-1587431258 http://www.btinternet.com/~lmf12/TransGuide.pdf Leslie McFall Translation Guide to the Chronological Data in Kings and Chronicles Bibliotheca Sacra 148 1991 3–45 https://web.archive.org/web/20100827065339/http://www.btinternet.com/%7Elmf12/TransGuide.pdf dead 2010-08-27 McKane William Kings, Book of Metzger Bruce M Bruce M. Metzger Coogan Michael D The Oxford Companion to the Bible https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195046458 registration Oxford University Press 1993 409–413 978-0195046458 Metzger Bruce M Bruce M. Metzger Coogan Michael D The Oxford Companion to the Bible Oxford University Press 1993 978-0195046458 Thiele, Edwin R., The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings, (1st ed.; New York: Macmillan, 1951; 2d ed.; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1965; 3rd ed.; Grand Rapids: Zondervan/Kregel, 1983). 9780825438257 Tov Emanuel 38. The Septuagint Additions (‘Miscellanies’) in 1 Kings 2 (3 Reigns 2) The Greek and Hebrew Bible: Collected Essays on the Septuagint Vetus Testamentum Supplements 72 Leiden Brill 1999 https://doc-0k-6k-apps-viewer.googleusercontent.com/viewer/secure/pdf/ee4aklgnmjmvepon2sq4mbt7bs5pb8p4/acqp9r83csr06athhh6vr5e1q15v72o5/1623107325000/lantern/10291222761004614935/ACFrOgCmzdzvvivr1in6jjU6xAnYFq1M9K5mPhQsklNlI2ps2h3gs2SWa_ZSpLboxTB9r4RaAIhkPW026hmrewPfohLmgTx3Jpe6oKb7DSuQTP01svDvL0j3PqF94YVxK7oD1fg-etFYKDz1qd0S? August 2026 InternetArchiveBot Ulrich Eugene The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants 2010 Brill https://archive.org/details/TheBiblicalQumranScrolls Würthwein Ernst Ernst Würthwein The Text of the Old Testament Wm. B. Eerdmans Grand Rapids, MI 1995 Erroll F. Rhodes 0-8028-0788-7 https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC January 26, 2019 External links Jewish translations: Melachim I - I Kings - Chapter 2 (Judaica Press). Hebrew text and English translation [with Rashi's commentary] at Chabad.org Christian translations: Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English) 1 Kings chapter 1. Bible Gateway 02