1867 Ontario general election

Canadian provincial election September 2023 1867 Ontario general election Ontario parliamentary 73.86% no no no 1863 Province of Canada general election 1863(Province of Canada) 8th Parliament of the Province of Canada 1871 Ontario general election 1871 elected members 82 seats in the 1st Legislative Assembly of Ontario 42 seats were needed for a majority August ~ September, 1867 150x150px ON PC nohash John Sandfield Macdonald ON Conservative name Cornwall 41 80,111 50.28% x150px ON Liberal nohash Archibald McKellar ON Liberal name Bothwell 41 77,689 48.76% Premier Premier after election John Sandfield Macdonald ON Conservative name The 1867 Ontario general election was the first provincial election ("local election" colloquially at the time ) held in the newly created province of Ontario, upon Canadian Confederation to elected the members of Ontario 1st Legislative Assembly. The election took place in conjunction with the first Canadian federal election (called "dominion election" at the time) from late August to September that year, and on the same electoral boundaries. The partisan make up of the legislature is not as straight forward as the numbers suggest. Political parties in the early days of confederation were characterized by "loose coalitions" that may change from issue to issue. It was clear however, that more than half of the members returned were supportive of the Patent Combination, the coalition ministry of John Sandfield Macdonald, appointed provisionally upon Canada's confederation, while those oppose were in minority, allowing the ministry to continue in government. 1st Parliament of Ontario Context - Politics of the Province of Canada The outcome of the first Ontario election tells the story of the political mastery of one John Macdonald and the expediency of another, two erstwhile rivals both from eastern Ontario though with no familial relationship. While the more radical George Brown was the most prominent Liberal (or Reformer, as those in opposition to the Tories were known then) among the fathers of confederation and the principal rival to Canada's founding prime minister John A Macdonald, it was John Sandfield Macdonald leading a Liberal ministry who replaced John A when his Tories ministry was ousted between 1862 and 1864. With the exception of a two-day ministry led by Brown, one of two Macdonalds occupied the English co-premiership in the final decade of the United Province of Canada. The politics of that final decade was however plagued by division along not just partisan but also religious and language lines. Governments were propped up by disgruntled opposition members with transitory loyalty and therefore were routinely on the verge of collapsing. When the united province's final Liberal ministry (or Reform ministry, the two terms being used interchangeably at the time) led by John Sandfield Macdonald collapsed in May 1864, it was the fourth government to fail in six years. Coming to terms with the unviability of the politics of the United Province, John A Macdonald's Tories (along their partner Parti bleu members in French Canada) and the Clear Grits wing of the Liberals led by George Brown entered into the Great Coalition with the goal of coming up with a sustainable arrangement of confederation. To secure Brown's buy-in, John A Macdonald gave three of the five seats designated for English speakers in his cabinet to the Liberals,Hammond 1917 24 a concession he refused to make in 1858 to secure Sandfield Macdonald's support.Hammond 1917 98 In opposition were a small faction English-speaking Liberals led by the sidelined Sandfield Macdonald and the Parti rouge from French Canada, opposing not just the government but the confederation project. Once confederation arrangement were settled, Brown exited the coalition as planned. Recognizing the Conservatives’ extremely weak position in English Canada might prove his political undoing in the new dominion, John A set out to preserve the coalition under the Liberal-Conservative banner. Despite Sandfield Macdonald's vigorous opposition to confederation during earlier negotiations (he did not attend any of the three conferences leading to confederation and thus not among the 36 Fathers of Confederation) once it became inevitable, Sandfield Macdonald avenged his alienations from his Liberal peers by taking his small band of followers into the Liberal-Conservative coalition, and was sworn in on July 15, 1867 as the provisional premier of the newly created province. In the months that followed, the two Macdonalds went "hunting in pairs" and secured electoral mandates in their respective spheres in the concurrent elections. Rules of engagement As a newly created province within a newly created nation, not all rules governing the conduct of election and suffrage were clearly defined. The British North America Act 1867 (known as the Constitution Act, 1867 since the 1982 patriation of Canada's constitution) prescribes a number of ground rules relevant to the first election.British North America Act, 1867 Section 70 provides for 82 members for the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, to be elected to represent the 82 electoral districts listed in the first schedule of the legislation, which were the same electoral districts used for the first election to the House of Commons of Canada that took place at the same time. Section 84 prescribes that the existing law of the United Province of Canada on suffrage and qualification for members to be elected would apply, but adds specifically for the electoral district of Algoma, the "new" district for the geographically vast Algoma District which was not previously represented in the final Parliament of the United Province, any male British subject of 21 years of age or older, "being a householder," would have the right to vote. Section 89 prescribes that the first elections for both the House of Commons and the Legislative Assembly be held at the same time and at the same place. The elections laws of Canada West were updated in 1866, with electors required to meet a property qualification of being an owner or tenant with a property value listed on the assessment roll of $600 in a city, $400 in a town, $300 in an incorporated village, and $100 in a township or police village.Garner 1969 116An Act Respecting Municipal Institutions of Upper Canada 1866 LI 81 https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.9_00925_16/172LeDuc Pammett McKenzie Turcotte 2010 63The value of property required to be eligible to vote for a member of parliament is listed as $200 in an urban area and $100 in a rural area by Elections Canada's A History of the Vote in Canada, however that number provided in the publication is a general amount for the period from 1867 to 1885 before federal law was passed governing franchise.Elections Canada 2021 67 Furthermore, urban residents must prove an annual income of at least $250.Elections Canada 2021 67 An estimated 16.5 per cent of the population of Ontario was enfranchised for the 1867 election.LeDuc Pammett McKenzie Turcotte 2010 63 The writ of election was issued on August 7, with election taking place over a number of weeks in August and September, with electoral district polls closing at different dates throughout the period. Under the system each electoral district was required to be polled in one day, but the day did not have to be the same across all electoral districts. Votes were recorded orally. The returned writs were dated (usually a few days after the actual election) as early as August 21 (in Lincoln and Grey North) to as late as September 26 (Middlesex North).Legislative Assembly of Ontario 1868 First session of the first Parliament https://www.ola.org/sites/default/files/common/pdf/FSOB%20and%20Journals/1-1-Journals.pdf Journals of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario Legislative Assembly of Ontario 1 v-viii Members were elected through first past the post voting, each in a separate single-member district. This system would be in use across Ontario until 1886. Electoral district boundaries largely aligned with boundary of existing administrative divisions (counties and cities, with more populous counties further divided into multiple seats. The newly created province's inherited the boundary of Upper Canada which ceased to exist 27 year earlier. Its northern boundary was undefined, but there were few inhabitant north of Sudbury. The newly created electoral district of Algoma had the smallest electoral roll in the province. The distribution of seats are as follow: + Region SeatsallocatedAdministrative divisions Count TotalNorthern1 DistrictAlgoma11Eastern1 TownsBrockville, Cornwall, Kingston, Ottawa430Counties Addington, Carleton, Dundas, Frontenac, Glengarry, Lennox, Prescott, Prince Edward, Russell, Stormont102 Counties Lanark, Northumberland, Peterborough, Renfrew, Victoria 103 Counties Hastings, Leeds & Grenville (together) 6Central 1 TownHamilton, Niagara221Counties Cardwell, Halton, Lincoln, Monck, Peel, Welland6 2 TownToronto2CountiesDurham, Ontario, Simcoe, Wentworth83CountyYork3Midwestern1CountiesHaldimand1202CountiesBrant, Bruce, Grey, Huron, Norfolk, Oxford, Perth, Waterloo163CountiesWellington3Southwestern1TownLondon110CountiesBothwell, Essex, Kent, Lambton42CountiesElgin23CountiesMiddlesex3 Results To properly interpret and understand the election results form 1867, one should be mindful of factors that would seem peculiar in 21st century. Dual mandate - It was possible for a candidate to stand and be elected in more than one electoral district. It was also possible for a candidate to simultaneously hold a seat in the House of Commons and a seat in a provincial legislature. The following men were elected to both the House of Commons and the Ontario legislature that years: Edward Blake, elected MP for Durham West and MLA for Bruce South, later Premier of Ontario and federal Liberal leader John Carling, elected MP and MLA for London, a key lieutenant of Sir John A Macdonald and later a member of his federal cabinet Thomas Roberts Ferguson, elected MP for Cardwell and MLA for Simcoe South John Sandfield MacDonald, elected MP and MLA for Cornwall, Ontario's first Premier Edmund Burke Wood, elected MP and MLA for Brant South, Ontario's first Treasurer in the Macdonald ministry Demographic - Ontario, like Canada, was overwhelmingly an agrarian, rural society in the nineteenth century. Only nine of the 82 seats were allocated to "towns". Other than the two seats for Toronto and the seat for Hamilton, the other 6 urban seats all have relatively small population. The combined population of the eight towns accounted for less than 10% of the province's population. Furthermore, with electoral boundary largely conforming with boundaries of administrative district, the population of electoral districts varied greatly, ranging from as many as 39,000 in Huron North to less than 4,000 in Niagara (according to figures from the first census of 1871, which reported Ontario population at 1,620,851)https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2016/statcan/CS98-1871-2.pdf Census of Canada 1870-71 Government of Canada - Department of Agriculture. 1873 2 59 Loose partisanship - Partisanship in the early days of confederation was characterized by "loose coalitions" rather than formal, cohesive parties.Farr David 2007 House of Commons Debate https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2010/parl/X1-015-1-eng.pdf House of Commons Debate 5th Introduction (at p4) 0229-1398 Contemporaneous election returns did not record candidates' party affiliations. The party labels on official record for those early elections were retroactively applied after partisan political system was more formalized, and thus were not all accurate. For example, Edmund Burke Wood, one of the four dual-mandate holders and Ontario's inaugural Treasurer, was recorded as elected to the Ontario legislature as a conservative (likely because he served in the Sandfield Macdonald ministry) and to the House of Commons as a Liberal (likely because he returned to the Liberal fold in 1873 and was later appointed by Liberal prime minister Alexander McKenzie to be chief justice of Manitoba). In 1867 however, he was explicitly repudiated by the South Brant Liberal association, was elected to both seat as a coalitionist,5909 and his opponent for the federal seat, Henry Blakey Leeming was none other than the local Liberal association president.City of Brantford https://archive.org/details/historyofcountyo00unse_1/page/522/mode/2up The History of the County of Brant 1883 Warner, Beers & Co. 521–522 These are some of the factors that led to Ontario's first ministry being formed in manner that would be unfathomable in modern days. John Sandfield Macdonald, the leader of the last Liberal ministry of the United Province of Canada who ousted Conservative John A Macdonald in 1862 only to be ousted by him two years later, the vocal opponent of confederation sidelined by his Liberals peers, upon confederation transformed himself into a key ally and potent weapon of the new Prime Minister in keeping the Liberals from power. He was maneuvered into the premier's chair by John A Macdonald and led a Liberal-Conservative Patent Combination ministry during the province's first five years. While premier leading what was effectively a conservative government in Toronto, he was also recorded as a Liberal MP in Ottawa, which if true would put him in opposition to his political benefactor the prime minister. Reporting of the proceedings in Ottawa however show Sandfield Macdonald along with former Liberals who joined the federal cabinet were routinely subjects of derision by the Liberal opposition.Parliament of Canada 1867 1st Parliament, 4th Session https://parl.canadiana.ca/view/oop.debates_HOC0104_01/1 House of Commons Debates 2007 34 Victoria 0229-1398Elections to the 1st Parliament of Ontario (1867) |- ! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Political party ! rowspan=2 | Party leader ! rowspan=2 colspan=1 | Candidates ! rowspan=2 colspan=1 | Seats ! colspan=2 | Votes |- !# !% ON Conservative row-name |style="text-align:left;"|John Sandfield Macdonald | 78 || 41 || 80,111 ||50.28% ON Liberal row-name |style="text-align:left;"|Archibald McKellar | 80 || 41 || 77,689 ||48.76% ON Independent row-name | || 15 || – || 1,523 ||0.96% |- ! colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Total |173 ! 82 ! 159,323 ! 100.00% |- | colspan="5" style="text-align:left;" | Registered electors | 215,722 | |- | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2" colspan="3" |Acclamations | style="text-align:left;" colspan="2" |ON Conservative colour&name ||2 |- | style="text-align:left;" colspan="2" |ON Liberal colour&name ||4 |- | style="text-align:left;" colspan="3" |Other candidates receiving nil votesone in Lanark South | style="text-align:left;" colspan="2" |ON Independent colour&name ||1 |} a Seats summary #ddd 600px 410px Conservative ON PC 50.00 Liberal ON Liberal 50.00 Synopsis of results + Results by riding - 1867 Ontario general election1867 General Election https://results.elections.on.ca/en/data-explorer?fromYear=1867&toYear=2021&electionId=1&levelOfDetail=election January 3, 2021 Elections Ontario Riding Winning party Turnout VotesNameorder is as given in EO reportsParty Votes Share Margin#Margin% Con Lib Ind Independent or no designation Total   Addington Con 1,554 73.72% 1,003 47.58% 75.94% 1,554 551 3 2,108 Algoma Con 351 67.89% 224 43.33% 60.19% 351 127 39 517 Bothwell Lib 1,242 51.45% 70 2.90% 83.16% 1,172 1,242 – 2,414 Brant North Lib 706 53.16% 84 6.33% 72.69% 622 706 – 1,328 Brant South Con 1,268 54.37% 204 8.75% 71.45% 1,268 1,064 – 2,332 Brockville and Elizabethtown Con 630 51.05% 26 2.11% 75.38% 630 604 – 1,234 Bruce North Libacclaimed Bruce South Lib 1,726 50.10% 7 0.20% 84.83% 1,719 1,726 – 3,445 Cardwell Con 1,151 52.37% 104 4.73% 84.96% 1,151 1,047 – 2,198 Carleton Lib 987 47.29% 48 2.30% 88.13% 939 987 161 2,087 Cornwall Con 479 64.73% 218 29.46% 72.27% 479 261 – 740 Dundas Lib 1,162 53.57% 155 7.15% 79.42% 1,007 1,162 – 2,169 Durham East Con 1,208 95.19% 1,147 90.39% 43.88% 1,208 61 – 1,269 Durham West Lib 1,473 68.80% 805 37.60% 77.43% 668 1,473 – 2,141 Elgin East Con 1,431 50.44% 25 0.88% 75.47% 1,431 1,406 – 2,837 Elgin West Con 909 52.27% 79 4.54% 85.16% 909 830 – 1,739 Essex Con 1,566 53.69% 215 7.37% 75.41% 1,566 1,351 – 2,917 Frontenac Con 1,186 62.49% 476 25.08% 73.91% 1,186 710 2 1,898 Glengarry Con 1,149 56.71% 272 13.43% 82.59% 1,149 877 – 2,026 Grenville South Con 849 53.46% 110 6.93% 80.90% 849 739 – 1,588 Grey North Con 1,430 55.17% 268 10.34% 74.63% 1,430 1,162 – 2,592 Grey South Con 1,675 53.23% 203 6.45% 80.86% 1,675 1,472 – 3,147 Haldimand Lib 1,377 56.43% 314 12.87% 78.36% 1,063 1,377 – 2,440 Halton Lib 1,556 56.62% 364 13.25% 76.70% 1,192 1,556 – 2,748 Hamilton Lib 1,193 53.88% 172 7.77% 58.23% 1,021 1,193 – 2,214 Hastings East Con 908 57.65% 241 15.30% 75.21% 908 667 – 1,575 Hastings North Con 970 63.73% 418 27.46% 69.31% 970 552 – 1,522 Hastings West Con 940 72.92% 591 45.85% 54.50% 940 349 – 1,289 Huron North Con 2,030 50.80% 64 1.60% 72.48% 2,030 1,966 – 3,996 Huron South Lib 1,558 50.16% 10 0.32% 82.00% 1,548 1,558 – 3,106 Kent Lib 1,486 51.14% 66 2.27% 77.99% 1,420 1,486 – 2,906 Kingston Con 705 84.63% 577 69.27% 37.14% 705 128 – 833 Lambton Lib 2,107 65.80% 1,012 31.61% 75.41% 1,095 2,107 – 3,202 Lanark North Libacclaimed Lanark South Con 1,294 62.00% 503 24.10% 70.53% 1,294 791 2 2,087 Leeds North and Grenville North Lib 962 56.19% 212 12.38% 78.28% 750 962 – 1,712 Leeds South Con 1,380 50.13% 7 0.25% 83.96% 1,380 1,373 – 2,753 Lennox Con 1,222 53.29% 396 17.27% 66.35% 1,222 826 245 2,293 Lincoln Conacclaimed London Con 948 61.00% 342 22.01% 56.00% 948 606 – 1,554 Middlesex East Lib 1,821 50.42% 30 0.83% 86.62% 1,791 1,821 – 3,612 Middlesex North Lib 1,084 43.69% 38 1.53% 84.79% 1,046 1,084 351 2,481 Middlesex West Con 1,100 52.08% 88 4.17% 87.45% 1,100 1,012 – 2,112 Monck Con 1,118 56.10% 243 12.19% 78.59% 1,118 875 – 1,993 Niagara Con 302 54.32% 48 8.63% 76.48% 302 254 – 556 Norfolk North Con 987 50.05% 2 0.10% 83.84% 987 985 – 1,972 Norfolk South Lib 975 50.47% 18 0.93% 78.06% 957 975 – 1,932 Northumberland East Lib 1,492 64.56% 675 29.21% 66.97% 817 1,492 2 2,311 Northumberland West Libacclaimed Ontario North Lib 1,694 58.70% 502 17.39% 79.26% 1,192 1,694 – 2,886 Ontario South Lib 1,367 56.35% 308 12.70% 83.60% 1,059 1,367 – 2,426 Ottawa Lib 810 68.76% 442 37.52% 41.49% 368 810 – 1,178 Oxford North Lib 1,187 55.36% 230 10.73% 58.34% 957 1,187 – 2,144 Oxford South Lib 1,399 54.52% 232 9.04% 74.64% 1,167 1,399 – 2,566 Peel Con 1,118 51.05% 46 2.10% 82.11% 1,118 1,072 – 2,190 Perth North Con 1,568 57.58% 413 15.17% 72.81% 1,568 1,155 – 2,723 Perth South Lib 1,552 56.56% 360 13.12% 80.16% 1,192 1,552 – 2,744 Peterborough East Con 996 62.52% 399 25.05% 80.82% 996 597 – 1,593 Peterborough West Con 670 50.68% 18 1.36% 78.50% 670 652 – 1,322 Prescott Lib 838 50.67% 22 1.33% 82.78% 816 838 – 1,654 Prince Edward Lib 1,605 58.66% 474 17.32% 76.53% 1,131 1,605 – 2,736 Renfrew North Con 802 71.74% 487 43.56% 80.26% 802 315 1 1,118 Renfrew South Lib 543 63.96% 237 27.92% 71.17% 306 543 – 849 Russell Con 1,287 65.33% 818 41.52% 68.95% 1,287 469 214 1,970 Simcoe North Lib 1,431 52.40% 131 4.80% 81.91% 1,300 1,431 – 2,731 Simcoe South Conacclaimed Stormont Con 793 55.65% 161 11.30% 81.15% 793 632 – 1,425 Toronto East Con 1,178 56.28% 264 12.61% 49.80% 1,178 914 1 2,093 Toronto West Con 1,439 57.26% 365 14.52% 52.94% 1,439 1,074 – 2,513 Victoria North Lib 676 62.42% 269 24.84% 79.87% 407 676 – 1,083 Victoria South Libacclaimed Waterloo North Lib 908 50.67% 24 1.34% 71.68% 884 908 – 1,792 Waterloo South Lib 1,309 57.59% 345 15.18% 81.59% 964 1,309 – 2,273 Welland Lib 1,298 54.22% 202 8.44% 68.52% 1,096 1,298 – 2,394 Wellington Centre Con 1,106 44.36% 58 2.33% 79.24% 1,106 1,048 339 2,493 Wellington North Lib 1,434 51.29% 72 2.58% 81.04% 1,362 1,434 – 2,796 Wellington South Lib 940 58.42% 271 16.84% 74.56% 669 940 – 1,609 Wentworth North Lib 1,139 50.44% 20 0.89% 79.93% 1,119 1,139 – 2,258 Wentworth South Lib 1,002 50.07% 3 0.15% 83.24% 999 1,002 – 2,001 York East Lib 1,193 58.25% 338 16.50% 72.37% 855 1,193 – 2,048 York North Lib 1,369 54.20% 212 8.39% 73.90% 1,157 1,369 – 2,526 York West Con 587 46.44% 73 5.78% 56.71% 587 514 163 1,264 a #FFFF99 silver = elected by acclamation #F5F5DC silver = turnout is above provincial average #B8BFFE silver = was a member of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada #EEBBBB silver = was a member of the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada #F0E68C silver = multiple candidates MLAs elected by region and riding Party designations are as follows: #EA6D6A Liberal #9999FF Conservative Midwestern Ontario #EA6D6A Brant North: Hugh Finlayson #9999FF Brant South: Edmund Burke Wood #EA6D6A Bruce North: Donald Sinclair #EA6D6A Bruce South: Edward Blakealso an MP in the House of Commons of Canada #9999FF Grey North: Thomas Scott #9999FF Grey South: Abram William Lauder #EA6D6A Haldimand: Jacob Baxter #9999FF Huron North: William Torrance Hays #EA6D6A Huron South: Robert Gibbons #9999FF Norfolk North: James Wilson #EA6D6A Norfolk South: Simpson McCall #EA6D6A Oxford North: George Perry #EA6D6A Oxford South: Adam Oliver #9999FF Perth North: Andrew Monteith #EA6D6A Perth South: James Trow #EA6D6A Waterloo North: Moses Springer #EA6D6A Waterloo South: Isaac Clemens #9999FF Wellington Centre: Alexander David Ferrier #EA6D6A Wellington North: Robert McKim #EA6D6A Wellington South: Peter Gow Southwestern Ontario #EA6D6A Bothwell: Archibald McKellar #9999FF Elgin East: Daniel Luton #9999FF Elgin West: Nicol McColl #9999FF Essex: Solomon Wigle #EA6D6A Kent: John Smith #EA6D6A Lambton: Timothy Blair Pardee #9999FF London: John Carling #EA6D6A Middlesex East: James Evans #EA6D6A Middlesex North: James Sinclair Smith #9999FF Middlesex West: Nathaniel Currie Northern Ontario #9999FF Algoma: Frederick William Cumberland Peel/Simcoe/Durham/Ontario #9999FF Cardwell: Thomas Swinarton #9999FF Durham East: Arthur Trefusis Heneage Williams #EA6D6A Durham West: John McLeod #EA6D6A Ontario North: Thomas Paxton #EA6D6A Ontario South: William McGill #9999FF Peel: John Coyne #EA6D6A Simcoe North: William Lount #9999FF Simcoe South: Thomas Roberts Ferguson York #9999FF Toronto East: Matthew Crooks Cameron #9999FF Toronto West: John Wallis #EA6D6A York East: Hugh Powell Crosby #EA6D6A York North: John McMurrich #9999FF York West: Thomas Grahame Wentworth/Halton/Niagara #EA6D6A Halton: William Barber #EA6D6A Hamilton: James Miller Williams #9999FF Lincoln: John Charles Rykert #9999FF Monck: George Secord #9999FF Niagara: Donald Robertson #EA6D6A Welland: William Beatty #EA6D6A Wentworth North: Robert Christie #EA6D6A Wentworth South: William Sexton Ottawa Valley #EA6D6A Carleton: Robert Lyon #EA6D6A Lanark North: Daniel Galbraith #9999FF Lanark South: William McNairn Shaw #EA6D6A Ottawa: Richard William Scott #EA6D6A Prescott: James P. Boyd #9999FF Renfrew North: John Supple #EA6D6A Renfrew South: John Lorn McDougall #9999FF Russell: William Craig Saint Lawrence Valley #9999FF Brockville and Elizabethtown: William Fitzsimmons #9999FF Cornwall: John Sandfield MacDonald #EA6D6A Dundas: Simon S. Cook #9999FF Glengarry: James Craig #9999FF Grenville South: Mcneil Clarke #9999FF Kingston: Maxwell W. Strange #EA6D6A Leeds North and Grenville North: Henry Dolphus Smith #9999FF Leeds South: Benjamin Tett #9999FF Stormont: William Colquhoun Central Ontario #9999FF Addington: Edmund John Glyn Hooper #9999FF Frontenac: Henry Smith #9999FF Hastings East: Henry Corby #9999FF Hastings North: George Henry Boulter #9999FF Hastings West: Ketchum Graham #9999FF Lennox: John Stevenson #EA6D6A Northumberland East: John Eyre #EA6D6A Northumberland West: Alexander Fraser #9999FF Peterborough East: George Read #9999FF Peterborough West: John Carnegie #EA6D6A Prince Edward: Absalom Greeley #EA6D6A Victoria North: Alexander Peter Cockburn #EA6D6A Victoria South: Thomas Matchett a See also List of Ontario political parties Politics of Ontario List of elections in the Province of Canada References Hammond Melvin Ormond Confederation and its leaders 0749005351 New York G. H. Doran company 1917 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=loc.ark:/13960/t5bc4rt3w British North America Act 1867 30 & 31 Victoria (U.K.) British North America Act, 1867 Elections Canada A History of the Vote in Canada. 2021 Elections Canada Gatineau, Quebec 978-0-660-37056-9 Third https://www.elections.ca/res/his/WEB_EC%2091135%20History%20of%20the%20Vote_Third%20edition_EN.pdf Garner John The Franchise and Politics in British North America, 1755-1867 1969 University of Toronto Press Ottawa 978-0-8020-3219-5 https://archive.org/details/franchisepolitic0000garn registration LeDuc Lawrence Pammett Jon H. McKenzie Judith L. Turcotte André Dynasties and Interludes: Past and Present in Canadian Electoral Politics 2010 Dundurn Press Toronto 978-1-55488-886-3 https://archive.org/details/dynastiesinterlu0000unse registration Further reading 1869 Ontario Sessional Papers, 1868-69: Vol. I - Part II Sessional Paper No. 10 - Return from the records of the General Election to the Legislative Assembly in 1867 https://archive.org/details/n02ontariosession01onta/page/n124 Toronto King's Printer 1867 Category:1867 elections in Canada Category:September 1867 in Canada Category:1867 in Ontario