1936 Lugano

Carbonaceous main-belt asteroid October 2019 yes 1936 Lugano #D6D6D6 24 November 1973 P. Wild Zimmerwald Obs. (1936) Lugano 1973 WD1936 LC1949 KE 11951 WX1964 VA 11970 AG 11970 AL 11970 CD Lugano (Swiss city) main-belt(middle)Adeona 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) 0 61.33 yr (22,399 days) 3.0395 AU 2.3131 AU 2.6763 AU 0.1357 4.38 yr (1,599 days) 291.44° 0.2251 ms / day 10.254° 265.17° 255.13° 23.48 8.63 km24.56 km (derived)24.81 0.8 km27.95 0.87 km31.037 0.137 km31.43 8.87 km33.704 0.067 km 19.594 0.007 h19.651 0.015 h 0.028 0.0110.0294 0.00240.04 0.020.04 0.030.0558 (derived)0.093 0.0070.1042 0.008 SMASS = ChP 11.1011.7011.7811.812.45 0.41 1936 Lugano, provisional designation 1973 WD, is a carbonaceous Adeonian asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 26 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 24 November 1973, by Swiss astronomer Paul Wild at Zimmerwald Observatory near Bern, Switzerland. It was later named for the Swiss city of Lugano. Classification and orbit Lugano is a member of the Adeona family (505), a large family of carbonaceous asteroids. It orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.3–3.0 AU once every 4 years and 5 months (1,599 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.14 and an inclination of 10° with respect to the ecliptic. It was first identified as 1936 LC at Johannesburg Observatory in 1936. The body's observation arc begins 22 years prior to its official discovery observation at Zimmerwald, when it was identified as 1951 WX at McDonald Observatory in 1951. Physical characteristics Spectral type In the SMASS classification, Lugano is a Ch-subtype, a hydrated C-type asteroid, while the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) rates it as a very dark and featureless reddish P-type asteroid. Diameter and albedo According to the space-based surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE telescope, Lugano measures between 23.48 and 33.7 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo in the range of 0.028 to 0.1042. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.056 and a diameter of 24.6 kilometers, based on an absolute magnitude of 11.8. Lightcurves Two rotational lightcurves of Lugano were obtained from photometric observations made in February 2005. The first lightcurve by French astronomer Raymond Poncy gave a rotation period of 19.594 0.007 hours with a brightness variation of 0.25 magnitude (U=2). The second lightcurve from the Carbuncle Hill Observatory (912), in Rhode Island, United States, rendered a well-defined period of 19.651 0.015 with an amplitude of 0.31 in magnitude (U=3). Naming The minor planet is named after the Swiss-Italian city of Lugano, located south of the Alps and known for its mild climate. During the winter half-year of 1973/74, Paul Wild discovered three more asteroids, 1935 Lucerna, 1937 Locarno and 1938 Lausanna, which he named after the Swiss cities Lucerne, Locarno and Lausanne, respectively, composing a quartet of sequentially numbered, thematically named asteroids. The official 1936 naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 April 1978 (M.P.C. 4358). References 2017-02-04 last obs. JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1936 Lugano (1973 WD) https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001936 Jet Propulsion Laboratory 2 July 2017 Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1936) Lugano Schmadel Lutz D. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 155 2007 978-3-540-00238-3 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1937 (1936) Lugano 1936 Lugano (1973 WD) Minor Planet Center https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1936 17 May 2016 Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008) 2009 https://archive.org/details/dictionaryminorp2008schm limited Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs Schmadel Lutz D. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 221 978-3-642-01964-7 10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4 2009dmpn.book.....S Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1936) Lugano Behrend Raoul Geneva Observatory http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#001936 17 May 2016 3 August 2003 https://web.archive.org/web/20030803183423/http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#001936 dead 6 Joseph R. Masiero A. K. Mainzer T. Grav J. M. Bauer R. M. Cutri J. Dailey P. R. M. Eisenhardt R. S. McMillan T. B. Spahr M. F. Skrutskie D. Tholen R. G. Walker E. L. Wright E. DeBaun D. Elsbury T. IV Gautier S. Gomillion A. Wilkins November 2011 Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M The Astrophysical Journal 741 2 20 2011ApJ...741...68M 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68 1109.4096 118745497 29 October 2016 Asteroid 1936 Lugano – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0 Small Bodies Data Ferret https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1936+Lugano#Asteroid%201936%20LuganoEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0 26 October 2019 1936 17 May 2016 6 C. R. Nugent A. Mainzer J. Masiero J. Bauer R. M. Cutri T. Grav E. Kramer S. Sonnett R. Stevenson E. L. Wright December 2015 NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015ApJ...814..117N The Astrophysical Journal 814 2 13 2015ApJ...814..117N 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117 1509.02522 9341381 28 October 2017 6 C. R. Nugent A. Mainzer J. Bauer R. M. Cutri E. A. Kramer T. Grav J. Masiero S. Sonnett E. L. Wright September 2016 NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos The Astronomical Journal 152 3 12 2016AJ....152...63N 10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63 1606.08923 free 6 Fumihiko Usui Daisuke Kuroda Thomas G. Müller Sunao Hasegawa Masateru Ishiguro Takafumi Ootsubo Daisuke Ishihara Hirokazu Kataza Satoshi Takita Shinki Oyabu Munetaka Ueno Hideo Matsuhara Takashi Onaka October 2011 Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 5 1117–1138 2011PASJ...63.1117U 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 free (online, AcuA catalog p. 153) E. F. Tedesco P. V. Noah M. Noah S. D. Price October 2004 IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0 https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab NASA Planetary Data System – IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0 2004PDSS...12.....T 17 October 2019 6 A. Mainzer T. Grav J. Masiero E. Hand J. Bauer D. Tholen R. S. McMillan T. Spahr R. M. Cutri E. Wright J. Watkins W. Mo C. Maleszewski November 2011 NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...90M The Astrophysical Journal 741 2 25 2011ApJ...741...90M 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 1109.6407 35447010 17 May 2016 Pray, Donald P. September 2005 Lightcurve analysis of asteroids 106, 752, 847, 1057, 1630, 1670, 1927 1936, 2426, 2612, 2647, 4087, 5635, 5692, and 6235 http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2005MPBu...32...48P The Minor Planet Bulletin 32 3 48–51 1052-8091 2005MPBu...32...48P 17 May 2016 6 Peter Veres Robert Jedicke Alan Fitzsimmons Larry Denneau Mikael Granvik Bryce Bolin Serge Chastel Richard J. Wainscoat William S. Burgett Kenneth C. Chambers Heather Flewelling Nick Kaiser Eugen A. Magnier Jeff S. Morgan Paul A. Price John L. Tonry Christopher Waters November 2015 Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V Icarus 261 34–47 2015Icar..261...34V 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 1506.00762 53493339 17 May 2016 External links Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info https://web.archive.org/web/20110721225144/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html 21 July 2011 ) Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR https://web.archive.org/web/20160729213840/http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html 29 July 2016 – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center 1936 1935 Lucerna 1936 1937 Locarno 001936 Category:Discoveries by Paul Wild (Swiss astronomer) Category:Named minor planets 001936 19731124