1955 Pakistani Constituent Assembly election

Indirect Election in Pakistan June 2025 June 2025 Second Pakistani Constituent Assembly election Pakistan parliamentary no 1947 Pakistani Constituent Assembly election 1947 List of members of the 1st Constituent Assembly of Pakistan 1962 Pakistani general election 1962 List of members of the 2nd Constituent Assembly of Pakistan 1955 06 21 y 72 seats in the Constituent Assembly 404 37 Pakistani Prime Minister Bogra with Eisenhower (cropped).png 70 70 100 0 Mohammad Ali Bogra 1953 Muslim League (Pakistan) 59 25 34 A k fazlul hoque.jpg 70 70 100 0 A. K. Fazlul Huq 1954 FFFF00 United Front (East Pakistan) 16 New 16 H S Suhrawardy PM.jpg 70 70 100 0 Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy 1950 FF0000 All-Pakistan Awami League 12 New 12 Prime Minister New Prime Minister Mohammad Ali Bogra Muslim League (Pakistan) Chaudhri Muhammad Ali PML–UF coalition On 21 June 1955, seven years after the independence of Pakistan, the election for the Second Constituent Assembly was held through the votes of provincial members of all provinces of the country. The resulting Assembly remained in existence until 1958, when it was dissolved following the imposition of military rule by the interim president Iskander Mirza.https://pjss.bzu.edu.pk/index.php/pjss/article/view/254 Elections, Political Parties and Political Development in the Punjab: 1947–1988 Sajid M. Awan 453 34 2 2014 Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya UniversitySohail 2012 82 On 24 October 1954, governor-general Malik Ghulam Muhammad dissolved the first Constituent Assembly, leading to another Constituent Assembly election in the Dominion of Pakistan. Because there was no constitution or procedures for a general election, the election was conducted indirectly through members of the provincial assemblies. Multiple political parties from both Eastern and Western Pakistan participated in the election. As the founding party of the country, the Pakistan Muslim League (PML) achieved significant dominance in the Western provinces. However, in East Bengal, parties such as the All-Pakistan Awami League (AL) and the United Front (UF) won seats, intensifying political competition. As no single party secured a majority, the PML and UF formed a coalition government. The new Constituent Assembly drafted Pakistan's first constitution in 1956, which declared the country an Islamic Republic. Background thumb|After 1954 East Bengal Legislative Assembly election, the United Front acquired majority in East Bengal and formed third Huq ministry. In 1947, members of Pakistan's Constituent Assembly were elected indirectly by Muslim legislators from the Muslim-majority provinces of British India. However, after Pakistan's independence, this composition changed following provincial elections: West Punjab and the North-West Frontier in 1951, Sindh in 1953, and East Bengal in 1954. In three provinces, the Pakistan Muslim League (PML) achieved majority. However, the exception was East Bengal where a four-party coalition named United Frontconsisted of East Pakistan Awami League (EPAL), Ganatantri Dal (GD) Krishak Sramik Party (KSP) and Nizam-e-Islam Party (NIP). Later GD and EPAL left the coalition.bn:ভাষা আন্দোলন ও বাঙালির আত্মপরিচয় প্রতিষ্ঠা bn:স্বাধীন বাংলাদেশের অভ্যুদয়ের ইতিহাস bn Muntassir Mamun Md. Mahbubar Rahman 121–141 2015 2013 Subarna 9789849069447 (UF) won the most seats.Elections of Pakistan and Response of Social Scientists: A Historiographical Survey of Theoretical Perceptions M. Javaid Akhtar 286 Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences XXXII 2 2012 Bahauddin Zakariya University https://pjss.bzu.edu.pk/index.php/pjss/article/download/151/132/241 As a result, the legislative assemblies of West Punjab and the North-West Frontier Province demanded that the Constituent Assembly members be replaced with newly elected provincial legislators. The East Bengal Assembly further called for the complete dissolution of the existing Constituent Assembly and fresh elections. On 8 April 1954, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan supported this demand, urging that new members from East Bengal be included in a reconstituted Assembly. Their demands were opposed by the PML and its leader and prime minister Mohammad Ali Bogra, who resisted the inclusion of new East Bengal members to maintain his political position. At the time, there was dispute among politicians about One Unit Scheme as East Bengal had the significant population to dominate the national politics. The Bengali–Punjabi controversy was slowing down the constitution making process.Crisis in Pakistan The Round Table Taylor & Francis 45 177 44–50 10.1080/00358535408451912 1954 Tensions peaked on 24 October 1954, when governor-general Malik Ghulam Muhammad dissolved the Constituent Assembly. This move came after the Assembly passed legislation limiting his powers, making them subject to cabinet decisions and enhancing the prime minister's authority. The new law also revoked the governor-general's authority to dissolve the Assembly. The governor-general proclaimed to held elections for the Constituent Assembly and directed prime minister to reform central cabinet.https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/htthisday-october-25-1954-political-crisis-in-pakistan-governor-general-proclaims-state-of-emergency-101635089641963.html HT THIS DAY: October 25, 1954 — Political crisis in Pakistan; governor-general proclaims state of emergency 24 October 2021 4 May 2025 Hindustan Times In response, Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan, president of the dissolved Assembly, challenged the action by filing a case in the federal court. The sudden dissolution created uncertainty regarding how a new Constituent Assembly would be elected within a short time. Since Pakistan had no constitution at the time, and the Indian Independence Act did not contain any provision related to elections for the assembly, the government faced legal challenges, making direct elections impossible.also, the act did not specify period or dissolution method of the assembly.Extra-constitutional Action in Pakistan Zahirul Islam Chowdhury 1972 57 School of Oriental and African Studies London https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/33979/1/11015723.pdf 4 May 2025 4 May 2025 https://web.archive.org/web/20250504075043/https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/33979/1/11015723.pdf dead Consequently, the governor-general announced that a "Constitutional Convention" would be summoned through indirect elections. On 10 May 1955, the Federal Court dismissed Tamizuddin Khan's case and declared that the governor-general's assent was essential for any legislation to be valid.Second Constituent Assembly of Pakistan: Politics for Dissolution of Former Assembly and Electoral Regulations for New Assembly 49–57 2020 III 3 2706-6525 10.36902/sjesr-vol3-iss3-2020(49-57) Rizwan Ullah Kokab Ali Shan Shah Tariq Aziz Sir Syed Journal of Education & Social Research free It ruled that the governor-general had the power to dissolve the Constituent Assembly and that there was no scope for the creation of any representative body called the Constitutional Convention.CHRONOLOGY April 1, 1955 — June 30, 1955 1955 VIII 2 Pakistan Horizon Pakistan Institute of International Affairs https://www.jstor.org/stable/41392185 393–397 41392185 The court directed the government to form new constituent assembly by elections.The Role of Judiciary In The Constitutional Development of Pakistan (1947–1971) Z.I. Chowdhury 8 1989 I 1 The Dhaka University Studies Part-F Dhaka University of Dhaka https://journal.library.du.ac.bd/index.php/DULJ/article/view/1350/1293 On 22 May 1955, the governor-general validated the 1949 Constituent Assembly Act and restructured and increased the number of assembly seats.G-G Validates Consembly Act of 1949 1 24 May 1955 The Pakistan Observer In 28 May, a special issue of the Gazette of Pakistan announced that the Constituent Assembly elections would be held on 21 June 1955.C.A. Elections To Be Held On June 21 1 29 May 1955 The Pakistan Observer Nominations In Western Pakistan, a rebel faction of the PML led by Feroz Khan Noon contested the elections in West Punjab under the same party name – here referred to as PML (Noon), later taking the name Republican Party – against the 30 officially approved candidates of the PML. Meanwhile, in the North-West Frontier Province, Khan Abdul Qayyum Khan became a rebel candidate against the party, while the All-Pakistan Awami League (AL) also participated in the elections from the province under the leadership of Amin ul-Hasanat.also known as Pir of Manki Sharif.bn:গণপরিষদে লীগ প্রার্থী পঃ পাকিস্তানে স্বতন্ত্র লীগ পন্থীদের তীব্র প্রতিদ্বন্দ্বিতা League Candidates Face Strong Opposition from Independent Leaguers in W. Pakistan bn 1 19 June 1955 The Azad However, the AL candidates later withdrew their nominations.bn:গণ-মজলিসের নির্বাচনে সীমান্তে আওয়ামী লীগ প্রার্থীদের নাম প্রত্যাহার Awami League Candidates Withdraw from Frontier Elections bn 7 21 June 1955 Jugantar Patrika From West Punjab, Mian Abdul Bari, a member of All-Pakistan Awami League, contested as an independent politician.Sohail 2012 109 In the province of Baluchistan, Sardar Muhammad Anwar Jan Khetran, opposition leader of the Shahi Jirga (the grand council of tribal elders), contested against Khan Abdul Jabbar Khan.bn:পাঞ্জাব, বেলুচিস্তান ও সীমান্ত হইতে ৫২ জনের মনোনয়নপত্র দাখেল 52 Nomination Papers Submitted From Punjab, Baluchistan and Frontier bn 6 17 June 1955 The Azad In East Bengal, a parliamentary committee of the UF was formed for the election, headed by A. K. Fazlul Huq. The alliance decided to nominate individuals from outside the legislature.bn:যুক্তফ্রন্ট পার্টির গণপরিষদের নির্ব্বাচনে যোগদানের সিদ্ধান্ত United Front Party Decides to Contest C.A. Election bn 1 15 June 1955 The Azad Additionally, the PML decided to field candidates in the province and called a parliamentary committee meeting in 12 June.bn:গণপরিষদের নির্ব্বাচনে পূর্ব্ব পাকিস্তান লীগের যোগদানের সিদ্ধান্ত East Pakistan League Decides to Participate in C.A. Election bn 1 10 June 1955 The Azad Meanwhile, a dispute arose in the province between provincial leader Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani and central leader Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy over the list of candidates from the AL.AWAMI LEADERS FALL OUT OVER C.A. NOMINATION 1 20 June 1955 The Pakistan Observer A total of 26 candidates were nominated from the UF and 18 from the AL; Mohammad Ali Bogra was the only PML candidate in the province.MLAs Go To Polls For CA Elections Today 1, 6 21 June 1955 The Pakistan Observer Results Seat distribution by political party in the election 34.72 PML #006600 22.22 UF #FFFF00 16.66 AL #FF0000 5.55 PNC #00BFFF 4.16 PML (Noon) #6495ED 4.16 SCF #0000FF 2.77 UPP #FFFFFF 9.72 Independents #DCDCDC On 21 June 1955, in West Punjab, 12 candidates from the PML, 2 from the PML (Noon), and 1 candidate from the minority community were declared elected.Rebels Trounced In Punjab Elections 1 22 June 1955 The Pakistan Observer Based on two rounds of preferential voting by 104 members of the legislatures in Western Pakistan, 21 out of 26 elected candidates were members of the PML. Among the elected, 1 was from the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), 5 from Sindh, 15 from West Punjab, 4 from the North-West Frontier Province, and 1 from Baluchistan. The PML won all Muslim seats from the FCT, Sindh, Baluchistan, and North-West Frontier Province.bn:পশ্চিম পাকিস্তান হইতে ২৬ জন সদস্য নির্ব্বাচিত 26 Members Elected From West Pakistan bn 1, 6 22 June 1955 The Azad The primary result excluded the names of 6 more elected members from West Punjab. In 22 June, the names were announced. Three of them were from the PML.CA Results From Punjab: Iftikharuddin Returned 1 23 June 1955 The Pakistan Observer On the same day, based on the votes of 300 legislative members from East Bengal, 16 candidates from the UF, 12 from the AL, 4 from the Pakistan National Congress (PNC), 3 from the East Bengal Scheduled Castes Federation (SCF), 2 from the United Progressive Party (UPP), 2 independents, and 1 from the PML were declared elected.bn:পূর্ব্ববঙ্গ হইতে গণপরিষদ নির্বাচনের ফলাফল ঘোষণা Constituent Assembly Results Announced From East Bengal bn 1 23 June 1955 The Azad In total, 76 members were elected: 25 from the PML, 16 from the UF, 12 from the AL, 3 from the PML (Noon), 4 from the PNC, 2 from the UPP, 3 from the East Bengal SCF, and 7 Independents.bn:গণপরিষদে বিভিন্ন দলের শক্তি নির্বাচিত সদস্যদের নামের তালিকা Party Strength in the Constituent Assembly and List of Elected Members bn 6 24 June 1955 The Azad Members of Constituent Assembly were elected by the members of provincial assemblies, with the exception of the FCT whose only member was elected by the Karachi Municipal Committee.Elections and Political Development: The South Asian Experience, Pakistan and North India Norman D. Palmer 1975 Karachi Oxford University Press 179Parliament not-Parliaments: Legislature of Pakistan in the Hatching (1947-69) Rahat Zubair Malik 55 II I 2017 Global Social Sciences Review National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research 10.31703/gssr.2017(II-I).03 Islamabad 2616-793X free File:1955 Pakistani Constituent Assembly diagram.svg Pakistan Muslim League 25 United Front #FFFF00 16 All-Pakistan Awami League #FF0000 12 Pakistan National Congress 4 Pakistan Muslim League (Noon) 3 East Bengal Scheduled Castes Federation #0000FF 3 United Progressive Party 2 Independents #DCDCDC 7 72 404 The Azad Elected members List of members of the 2nd Constituent Assembly of Pakistan RegionWinnerPartyBaluchistanKhan Abdul Jabbar KhanINDAlthough he was a supporter of the Pakistan Muslim League, he contested the election as an independent.East BengalMohammad Ali BograPMLA. K. Fazlul HuqUFAthar AliUFHamidul Huq ChoudhuryUFYusuf Ali ChowdhuryUFAbdul Latif BiswasUFMahfuzul HuqUFNurul Huq ChoudhuryUFMahmud AliUFAbdul SattarUFAbdul Wahab KhanUFAbdul KarimUFAbdul AleemUFSyed Misbahuddin HussainUFLutfur Rahman KhanUFAdeluddin AhmadUFFarid AhmadUFHuseyn Shaheed SuhrawardyALAtaur Rahman KhanALAbul Mansur AhmadALSheikh Mujibur RahmanALSheikh ZahiruddinALNurur RahmanALA.H. Deldar AhmedALMoslem Ali MollahALAbdur Rashid TarkabagishALAbdur Rahman KhanALMuzaffar AhmedALMuhammad Abdul KhalequeALBasanta Kumar DasPNCBhupendra Kumar DattaPNCCanteswar BarmanPNCPeter Paul GomezPNCSailendra Kumar SenUPPKamini Kumar DuttaUPPRasaraj MandalSCFGour Chandra BalaSCFAkshay Kumar DasSCFFazlur RahmanINDSardar Fazlul KarimINDFederal Capital TerritoryYusuf HaroonPMLNorth-West Frontier ProvinceAbdur Rashid KhanPMLMian Jaffer ShahPMLJalal BabaPMLM. R. KayaniPMLSindhMuhammad Ayub KhuhroPMLAli Muhammad RashidiPMLMir Ghulam Ali Khan TalpurPMLMoula Baksh SoomroPMLSiroomal KirpaldassINDWest PunjabChaudhri Muhammad AliPMLIskander MirzaPMLSyed Abid Hussain ShahPMLSardar Amir Azam KhanPMLMushtaq Ahmed GurmaniPMLSyed Mohyuddin Lal BadshahPMLChaudri Muhammad Hussain ChattaPMLSoofi Abdul Hameed KhanPMLSyed Alamdar Hussain GilaniPMLAbdul Hamid Khan DastiPMLChaudry Aziz DinPMLMumtaz DaultanaPMLIftikhar Hussain Khan MamdotPMLMalik Amir Mohammad KhanPMLChaudhry Abdul Ghani GhumanPMLFeroz Khan NoonPML (Noon)Muzaffar Ali Khan QizilbashPML (Noon)Balakh Sher MazariPML (Noon)Cecil Edward GibbonINDMian IftikharuddinINDMian Abdul BariIND Reactions and controversies thumb|According to Punjabi politician Feroz Khan Noon, the election's voting was a "Gestapo method". At first, UF leader A. K. Fazlul Huq opposed the decision to hold a constitutional convention and demanded the formation of a new Constituent Assembly through a vote by legislative members.U.F. Party Disapproves Convention 1 18 April 1955 The Pakistan Observer A mission from Karachi failed to convince him to support the convention. AL leader Huseyn Shaheed, then the law minister, expressed concern that UF opposition could invalidate the convention and lead to martial law or an armed revolution in Pakistan.Rejection of Convention Will Mean Martial Law 1 21 April 1955 The Pakistan Observer Following his statement, the UF severed ties with him and suspended Ataur Rahman Khan, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, and Abul Mansur Ahmad of the AL from the alliance.U.F. PARTY DISSOCIATES WITH SUHRAWARDY 1 24 April 1955 The Pakistan Observer Meanwhile, Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani, leader of the East Pakistan Awami League, conditionally accepted the convention on the basis that the UF's 21-point demands be implemented and that proposed constitution be written in both Urdu and Bengali.Bhasani Says, Convention May Be Accepted Conditionally 1 27 April 1955 The Pakistan Observer Later, with Suhrawardy's assurances, the party gave its unconditional consent to join the convention.Awami League Concedes To Convention 1 28 April 1955 The Pakistan Observer On 17 May 1955, A. K. Fazlul Huq announced a province-wide campaign for the elections.A. K. Fazlul Huq Launches Countrywide Campaign 1 18 May 1955 The Pakistan Observer Politician Feroz Khan Noon criticized the voting method, calling it a "Gestapo method", and alleged that although the federal court had ordered secrecy of the ballot, it was absent in this election and voters' choices could be known.bn:নয়া গণপরিষদের নির্ব্বাচন পদ্ধতি মালিক ফিরোজ খান নূন কর্তৃক সমালোচনা New Constituent Assembly Election Method Criticized by Malik Feroz Khan Noon bn 1 5 June 1955 The Azad Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy claimed that there was electoral fraud in the provincial elections of West Punjab, North-West Frontier and princely state Bahwalpur and as the new Constituent Assembly members are elected by provincial members, the PML members of the Constituent Assembly are unrepresentative.https://www.nytimes.com/1955/09/11/archives/pakistan-election-scandal-aired-frauds-laid-to-moslem-league.html Pakistan Election Scandal Aired; Frauds Laid to Moslem League; Opposition Leader Charges Assembly Was Packed by Intimidation and Threats to Cut Off Drinking Water John P. Callahan 11 September 1955 New York Times Aftermath thumb|1956 Constitution In the election, political parties failed to secure a majority to form the central government. After the election, Mohammad Ali Bogra expressed interest in forming a coalition with the UF.bn:কেন্দ্রে লীগ-যুক্তফ্রন্ট কোয়ালিশন গঠন করা হইবে League-United Front Coalition to be Formed at Centre bn 1 25 June 1955 The Azad However, the PML rejected the conditions set by the UF, leading to the failure of the coalition efforts. Meanwhile, the AL initially agreed to form a coalition government on the condition that Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy should be made prime minister.bn:কেন্দ্রে লীগ ও আওয়ামী লীগ কোয়ালিশন সম্ভাবনা Possibility of League-Awami League Coalition at Centre bn 1 8 July 1955 The Azad In July 1955, the AL and the UF made a pactknown as Murree Pact. in the hill town of Murree, West Punjab, to support the PML on the conditions that political leaders from East Bengal be included in the central cabinet and that governor's rule be withdrawn from the province.bn:বাংলাদেশ : স্বায়ত্তশাসন থেকে স্বাধীনতা Bangladesh: From Autonomy to Independence bn https://oaji.net/pdf.html?n=2016/1115-1464934231.pdf Md. Nasir Uddin Shah Shamuel Kaiser Kudrat-e Khuda II VI 2016 13 International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Studies Karimganj Scholar Publications 2349-6959 The Constituent Assembly session began on 7 July 1955 in Murree.C.A. SESSION OPENS AT MURREE 1 8 July 1955 The Pakistan Observer With the support of the PNC, East Bengal SCF, and the UPP, the UF gained a total of 25 supporters in the Assembly.bn:পূর্ববঙ্গের ৯জন অ-মুসলমান সদস্য গণপরিষদের যুক্ত ফ্রন্ট দলে যোগদানের সিদ্ধান্ত 9 Non-Muslim Members of East Bengal Decide to Join United Front in Constituent Assembly bn 1 8 July 1955 Jugantar Patrika On 7 August 1955, after Chaudhri Muhammad Ali was elected the PML parliamentary leader in the Constituent Assembly, Mohammad Ali Bogra resigned from the post of prime minister.CHOWDHURY MD. ALI ELECTED M.L. PARLIAMENTARY CHIEF 1 9 August 1955 The Pakistan Observer At that time, an attempt was made to form a tripartite coalition government, and the AL made no immediate objectionsPossibility Of 3-Party Coalition Explored 1 11 August 1955 The Pakistan ObserverHowever, East Pakistan provincial AL general secretary Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, on the behalf of his party, announced three conditions for the coalition — Suhrawardy should be the prime minister, Regional autonomy for East Bengal and joint electorate, and Bengali should be made Pakistan's state language with Urdu.bn:সংবাদপত্রে বঙ্গবন্ধু Bangabandhu in the Press bn I 2014 2018 61 Press Institute of Bangladesh 9789847320045 but later rejected the proposal. As a result, in 11 August, a coalition cabinet was formed under the leadership of Chaudhri Muhammad Ali, consisting of members from the PML and the UF – the country's first coalition cabinet.Eleven-Man Central Cabinet Sworn In 1 13 August 1955 The Pakistan Observer In the assembly, Suhrawardy became the opposition leader. On 5 March 1956, Iskander Mirza was elected in an indirect election as interim president of Pakistan, previously serving as governor-general of the country.Iskander Mirza Elected First President Of Pakistan Republic 1 6 March 1956 The Pakistan Observer On 23 March 1956, Pakistan's first constitution was enforced and the British dominion became an Islamic Republic. Mirza's presidency began that same day.bn:পাকিস্থান ঐশ্লামিক সাধারণতন্ত্র আনুষ্ঠানিকভাবে প্রতিষ্ঠিত The Islamic Republic of Pakistan is officially established bn 1 24 March 1956 Jugantar Patrika After that, the federal government refrained from holding general elections and, with the aid of the administration, maintained a façade of democracy until 1958. Subsequently, martial law was imposed by Mirza, and both the government and parliament were dissolved.Bangladesh: past and present Salahuddin Ahmed APH Publishing 151–153 2004 978-81-7648-469-5 List of cabinet members thumb|Chaudhri Muhammad Ali, prime minister of the coalition government. The initial formation of the cabinet established on 11 August 1955 is given below:CENTRAL GOVERNMENT (4) https://www.cabinet.gov.pk/SiteImage/Misc/files/Federal%2520Cabinet%25201947/04Mohammad%2520Ali%2520(Ch).pdf Cabinet Division of Pakistan y Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Commonwealth, Finance, Defence and Economic Affairs Chaudhri Muhammad Ali Muslim League (Pakistan) 11 August 1955 12 September 1956 Ministry of Communications and Frontier Regions Khan Abdul Jabbar Khan Muslim League (Pakistan) 11 August 1955 14 October 1955 Ministry of Home Affairs A. K. Fazlul Huq United Front (East Pakistan) 11 August 1955 9 March 1956 Ministry of Industries and Commerce Habib Ibrahim Rahimtoola Independent 11 August 1955 12 September 1956 Ministry of Education and Kashmir Affairs Syed Abid Hussain Shah Muslim League (Pakistan) 11 August 1955 14 October 1955 Ministry of Health and Law Kamini Kumar Dutta United Progressive Party (Pakistan) 11 August 1955 12 September 1956 Ministry of Labour, Works and Minority Affairs Nurul Huq Choudhury United Front (East Pakistan) 11 August 1955 12 September 1956 Ministry of Information and Broadcasting Ali Muhammad Rashidi Muslim League (Pakistan) 11 August 1955 29 August 1956 Ministry of Food and Agriculture Abdul Latif Biswas United Front (East Pakistan) 11 August 1955 12 September 1956 Finance Division Lutfur Rahman Khan United Front (East Pakistan) 11 August 1955 12 September 1956 Refugees, Rehabilitation and Parliamentary Affairs Division Sardar Amir Azam Khan Muslim League (Pakistan) 11 August 1955 12 September 1956 References Notes Citations Bibliography 30em Sohail Amber 2012 Positive Economic Analysis of the Constitutions - Case of Formation of the First Constitution of Pakistan University of Marburg Marburg https://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/diss/z2013/0468/pdf/das.pdf Sohail 2012 External links Category:1955 elections in Pakistan Category:Constituent assembly elections in Asia Category:Indirect elections in Pakistan Category:Constituent Assembly of Pakistan Category:Muslim League (1947–1958) Category:Krishak Sramik Party