1928 Chirpan–Plovdiv earthquakes

Earthquakes in Bulgaria 1928 Chirpan–Plovdiv earthquakes 1928-04-14 09:00:00 1928-04-18 19:22:56 908596 908608 iscgem908596 iscgem908608 Chirpan Earthquake - Plovdiv.jpg Damaged hospital in Plovdiv after the earthquake. 7.1 w y 7.1 w y 15 km mi 0 on Normal Bulgaria 11 Five billion leva 74,000+ buildings damaged or destroyed 127+ dead The 1928 Chirpan–Plovdiv earthquakes struck central Bulgaria, south of Sredna Gora on April 14 and 18, respectively. The two largest earthquakes both had moment magnitudes of 7.1 (w y).M 7.1 - Bulgaria https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/iscgem908596/executive live 2021-03-17 earthquake.usgs.gov https://web.archive.org/web/20190306111337/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/iscgem908596/executive 2019-03-06 M 7.1 - Bulgaria https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/iscgem908608/executive live 2021-03-17 earthquake.usgs.gov https://web.archive.org/web/20190306111444/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/iscgem908608/executive 2019-03-06 Major damage was reported, with over 70,000 buildings collapsing. An estimated 127 people died in both earthquakes and many thousands were affected in its aftermath. The two earthquakes were also felt in Greece, where they caused significant damage. The cost of damage totaled 5 billion leva. Earthquake The earthquake pair involved a rupture of two separate faults. The first shock ruptured a 36 km on long and 10 km on wide, south-dipping and east–west striking normal fault which slipped 0.7 m. Older reports, on the other hand, stated a rupture length of 40 to 50 km. A 2002 research revealed that the young fault was active during the Pleistocene epoch, and well into the Holocene. Three colluvial wedges were found along the hanging wall suggesting three prehistoric earthquakes have occurred and caused surface ruptures. Using the dates of the events, an average recurrence interval of 2350 ± 643 years was presented for earthquakes comparable to the 1928 earthquake.K. Vanneste A. Radulov P. De Martini G. Nikolov T. Petermans K. Verbeeck T. Camelbeeck D. Pantosti D. Dimitrov S. Shanov Paleoseismologic investigation of the fault rupture of the 14 April 1928 Chirpan earthquake (M 6.8), southern Bulgaria Journal of Geophysical Research 2006 111 B1 B01303 10.1029/2005JB003814 2006JGRB..111.1303V free Meanwhile, the second earthquake was caused by the rupture of ten fault structures. This fault is 31 km long, by 10 to 14 km. it dips steeply to the northeast and becomes shallower at depth. Surface slippage suggests values between 0.3 and 2.6 m, and at depth, 2.5 m. A small dextral component was also observed.Dimitar St. Dimitrov Jean-Bernard De Chabalier Jean-Claude Ruegg Emil Botev The 14 and 18 April 1928 Chirpan-Plovdiv Earthquakes – Fault Model from Geodetic and Seismic Data Geosciences 2006 https://www.bgd.bg/CONFERENCES/Geonauki_2006/Sbornik/pfd_files/90.pdf 16 March 2021 Coulomb stress transfer after the April 14th earthquake is thought to have triggered the second event.S. Karakostas V. Gospodinov D. Ranguelov Slip Distribution of the 1928 Chirpan and Plovdiv Mainshocks and Earthquake Triggering 6th International Scientific Conference 2006 2 119–126 http://web.uni-plovdiv.bg/drago/geopu/Karakostas_SGEM.pdf 16 March 2021 Impact yes March 2021 thumb|The partially collapsed ruins of the Church of the Holy Savior in Voyvodinovo, near Parvomay. Both earthquakes achieved a maximum intensity of IX–X on the Medvedev–Sponheuer–Karnik scale and X–XI on the Mercalli intensity scale, causing major damage to the surrounding towns and villages.Maritsa team Easter 83 years ago collapsed Plovdiv and Chirpan https://www.marica.bg/plovdiv/gradat/velikden-predi-83-godini-sruti-plovdiv-i-chirpan marica.bg Marica 17 March 2021 Bulgarian 2011-04-14 At least 74,570 buildings were obliterated while another 21,000 left partially destroyed in 240 towns and villages.Significant Earthquake Information https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/3363 NGDC NCEI NCEI 16 March 2021 Nearly every building in Chirpan and Parvomay collapsed as a result of the two earthquakes. The extreme shaking also bent and snapped railway tracks.История https://www.chirpan.bg/bg/%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%8f 16 March 2021 25 January 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210125221757/https://chirpan.bg/bg/%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F dead Over 264,000 residents in the affected area became homeless when their homes were damaged. Many of the survivors slept outside their homes for fear that more aftershocks would collapse them. Plovdiv which was severely affected by the earthquake suffered further destruction when the second mainshock struck closer to the city. Because the first earthquake took place on a Holy Saturday, many residents were outside their houses thus were not injured or killed when they collapsed. An estimated 402 schools were destroyed but since it was a holiday, there were few deaths. In Thessaloniki, Greece, the earthquakes caused panic among residents and there was some light damage to the walls of houses. The shaking collapsed a house in Komotini and caused large cracks to appear in the walls of buildings. Two additional homes collapsed in another Greek town while in Eleftheroupoli, a police station collapsed. Response yes March 2021 Tsar Boris III of Bulgaria was in Vrana Palace at the time of the disaster and he personally travelled to Chirpan and Plovdiv where he led a rescue mission to provide humanitarian aid to victims.Най-опустошителните земетресения в България през XX век https://bulgarianhistory.org/zemetresenia-bulgaria-xx-vek/ bulgarianhistory.org 15 November 2017 Bulgarian History 17 March 2021 The National Assembly of Bulgaria created the Directorate for Assistance and Reconstruction of the Earthquake Region (DIPOSE), which supported injured victims of the two earthquakes and financing construction of buildings. The directorate's purpose was not only to respond to the immediate damage, but also develop scientific understanding of earthquakes. The government spent 100 million leva on repairing damage from the earthquake and alongside 880 million leva from the League of Nations and 60 million leva from international aid, Bulgaria was almost able to repair all damage in only 3 years. Gallery See also List of earthquakes in 1928 List of earthquakes in Bulgaria References External links BULGARIA: POPOVITSA BULGARIA: CHIRPAN BULGARIA / EARTHQUAKES: Scenes of ruined city after devastating earthquake (1928) Category:Earthquakes in Bulgaria Category:Earthquakes in Greece Chirpan–Plovdiv earthquakes Chirpan–Plovdiv earthquakes Chirpan–Plovdiv earthquakes Category:Doublet earthquakes