1st Maine Infantry Regiment

January 2023 1st Maine Infantry Regiment US flag 34 stars.svg Flag of the United States, 1861–1863 *3 May 1861 to 5 August 1861 26 May to 5 October 1898 United States Union Infantry Nathaniel J. Jackson Colonel American Civil WarSpanish–American War Maine U.S. Volunteer Infantry Regiments 1861-1865 N/A 2nd Maine Infantry Regiment thumb|Colonel Nathaniel J. Jackson of the 1st Maine Infantry thumb|Memorial to Company K of the First Maine Volunteer Infantry in the Spanish–American War, Brunswick, Maine The 1st Maine Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was later re-activated in 1898 for the Spanish–American War, but did not serve overseas.1st Maine Volunteer Infantry at FortWiki.com Service Pre-Civil War In 1847, during the Mexican-American War, President James K. Polk requested that a regiment of Maine infantry be mobilized for field duty. This was accomplished on paper, but field officers were never assigned and the regiment's companies never trained together. However, this partial mobilization and the influence of the Crimean War of 1853–56 created military enthusiasm in Maine, and as a result new militia companies to be organized in 1854–56. In 1854 there were 58 companies in the Volunteer Maine Militia, and the request of the companies in and near Portland to be named the 1st Regiment was granted by orders of the Maine state government approved 21 June 1854. General Smith of the 5th Division was ordered to carry out the plan. In 1856, 47 of the 56 volunteer companies of the state were disbanded, having lost interest in military affairs. However, the First Regiment continued from 1856 to 1859, though without annual training as a regiment.United States Army, Harbor Defenses of Portland, pp. 42, 98 Civil War Abraham Lincoln's first call for volunteers in April, 1861 required Maine to raise one regiment of infantry for three months of Federal service. This was done by reorganizing ten existing companies of the state militia, completed at Portland, Maine on 28 April 1861 and mustered into service on 3 May 1861, a total of 779 soldiers. The regimental commander was Colonel Nathaniel Jackson. The First Maine was transferred to Washington, D.C. on 1 June 1861, where it remained until 1 August 1861, encamped on Meridian Hill. It spent its entire service in the Washington defenses and saw no combat. They were mustered out on 5 August 1861. Although the regiment's required Federal service was only three months, all of the soldiers had enlisted for two or three years. Many soldiers in the regiment who were required to remain in service joined the 10th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment, which retained eight of the 1st Maine's ten companies. The regimental history was published as History of the 1st-10th-29th Maine Regiment written by Major John Mead Gould. Spanish–American War The regiment was mustered into the service of the United States at Augusta, Maine on 26 May 1898, with 46 officers and 979 enlisted men. The regiment moved to Chickamauga, Georgia, then a mobilization center. On 31 May it was assigned to Third Brigade, Second Division, Third Army Corps. The regiment did not deploy further and returned to Augusta, Maine 23–27 August after three months' service. On 21 September the regiment was furloughed for 30 days, and on 25 October the regiment's components began to muster out after five months' service. This was completed on 13 December with 46 officers and 1,211 enlisted men mustered out.Center of Military History, p. 596 A memorial plaque for Company K of the 1st Maine in the Spanish–American War is in a park near Bowdoin College in Brunswick, Maine. Dana T. Merrill, a brigadier general in the United States Army, began his career by enlisting in Company H in 1898.1975 Who Was Who in American History: The Military https://books.google.com/books?id=rjQOAQAAMAAJ&q=%22merrill%2C+dana+true%22 Chicago, IL Marquis Who's Who, Inc. 9780837932019 Who Was Who in American History: The Military Brigadier General Alfred A. Starbird began his career by enlisting in Company D.26 August 1898 Summary of Local News: Alfred A. Starbird https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-bangor-daily-news-summary/189718111/ Bangor Daily News Bangor, Maine 8 Newspapers.comDavis Henry Blaine Jr. 1998 Generals In Khaki https://www.google.com/books/edition/Generals_in_Khaki/fJvvAAAAMAAJ Raleigh, North Carolina Pentland Press 347–348 978-1-5719-7088-6 Google Books Casualties The regiment lost no men during its brief period of service in the Civil War.Maine State Archives 1st Maine Infantry page In the Spanish–American War the unit lost two officers and 39 enlisted men to disease and 24 enlisted men to desertion. Lineage The companies of the 1st Maine in the Civil War were named as follows:Gould and Jordan, pp. 66–79 A – Portland Light Infantry B – Portland Mechanic Blues C – Portland Light Guards D – Portland Rifle Corps E – Portland Rifle Guards F – Lewiston Light Infantry G – Norway Light Infantry H – Auburn Artillery I – 2nd Co. Portland Rifle Guards K – Lewiston Zouaves The 1st Maine was originally formed in state service in 1854, and thus was older than any other Maine regimental organization. An historian of the 240th AAA (Anti-Aircraft Artillery) Group, a former Maine Army National Guard unit, has concluded that numerous subsequent Volunteer Maine Militia and Maine National Guard units inherited the lineage of the 1st Maine via the Portland Light Infantry company.Units descended from 1st Maine From 1924 through 1944 this was the 240th Coast Artillery Regiment. As of 2018 this lineage is carried by the 240th Regional Training Institute, Maine Army National Guard, in Bangor.240th Regional Training Institute at the Maine Army National Guard website The 1st Maine is also one of the "ancestor" units, along with the famed 20th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment, of the modern day 133rd Engineer Battalion of the Maine Army National Guard.http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/eng/0133enbn.htm 133d Engineer Battalion Lineage and Honors U.S. Army Center of Military History history.army.mil 2016-05-25 1 July 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160701190406/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/eng/0133enbn.htm dead See also American Civil War List of Maine Civil War units Maine in the American Civil War 10th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment 29th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment References Citations Sources 50em Center of Military History, United States Army Correspondence Relating to the War with Spain, vol. 1, reprinted 1993 Government Printing Office Washington, DC 1902 596 http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/070/70-28/CMH_Pub_70-28_Vol1.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20150920133623/http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/070/70-28/CMH_Pub_70-28_Vol1.pdf dead 20 September 2015 Dyer Frederick H. Frederick H. Dyer A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015026937642?urlappend=%3Bseq=1019%3Bownerid=13510798899657173-1257 Dyer Publishing Company Des Moines, IA 1908 1219 2027/mdp.39015026937642?urlappend=%3Bseq=1386%3Bownerid=13510798899657173-1257 1403309 09005239 en pdf October 25, 2024 Edwards Abial Hall "Dear Friend Anna": The Civil War Letters of a Common Soldier from Maine University of Maine Press Orono, Maine 1992 0-89101-079-3 Gould John Mead The Civil War Journals of John Mead Gould, 1861–1866 Butternut and Blue Baltimore 1997 0-935523-63-4 Gould John Mead Directory of the First – Tenth – Twenty-ninth Maine regiment Association Stephen Berry Portland, Maine 1889 Gould John Mead Jordan Leonard G. History of the First – Tenth – Twenty-Ninth Maine Regiment: In Service of the United States from May 3, 1861, to June 21, 1866 Stephen Berry Portland, Maine 1871 https://archive.org/stream/firsttenthninth00goulrich#page/n7/mode/2up Hodsdon John L. Annual Report of the Adjutant General of the State of Maine, 31 Dec 1861 Stevens & Sayward Augusta, Maine 1862 United States Army Harbor Defenses of Portland, 1941: pictorial history World War Regimental Histories World War Regimental Histories. 99. http://digicom.bpl.lib.me.us/ww_reg_his/99/ Atlanta, GA Army-Navy Publications 1941 External links History of the 1st-10th-29th Maine Regiment Online State of Maine Civil War Records Website Photograph of Company A, 1st Regiment, ca. 1861, from the Maine Memory Network Units descended from 1st Maine Category:Units and formations of the Union army from Maine Category:1861 establishments in Maine Category:Military units and formations established in 1861 Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1898