1990 Estonian Supreme Soviet election

none Estonian SSR 1989 legislative 1985 Estonian Supreme Soviet election 1985 1990 03 18 y 1992 Estonian parliamentary election 1992 All 105 seats in the Supreme Soviet 53 78.24% 130x130px RK Edgar Savisaar.jpg Edgar Savisaar Popular Front of Estonia 43 New Vaino Väljas, endine Eesti NSV ja Eesti Vabariigi poliitik ning Nõukogude Liidu diplomaat 2013.jpg Vaino Väljas Communist–Free Estonia 25 180 ff0000 3x4.svg Joint Soviet of Work Collectives et Töökollektiivide Ühendnõukogu 25 New Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet Arnold Rüütel EKP Chairman of the Supreme Council after election Arnold Rüütel EKP Elections to the Supreme Soviet were held in the Estonian SSR on 18 March 1990.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p574 978-3-8329-5609-7 Altogether 392 candidates ran for the Soviet-style legislature's 105 seats, of which four were pre-allocated to the military districts of the Soviet Army. The pro-independence Popular Front won the plurality (43 seats). The coalition of the reformed Estonian communists, who favored independence but close relations with the USSR and were supported by Indrek ToomeSilver Brian D. Titma Mikk 1996 Support for an Independent Estonia International Journal of Sociology 26 2 3–24 20628474 10.1080/15579336.1996.11770136 who was running under the Free Estonia banner,https://books.google.com/books?id=-v_lDAAAQBAJ&dq=Communist+Party%E2%80%93Free+Estonia&pg=PA135 Nordic, Central, and Southeastern Europe 2016-2017 Payerhin Marek 2016-09-02 Rowman & Littlefield 9781475828979 135 won 27 seats. The anti-independence, pro-Moscow "Joint Soviet of Work Collectives", representing mostly the ethnic Russian immigrant minority in Estonia, won 25 seats. During its first session, the new legislature elected the former Communist Party member Arnold Rüütel as its chairman, allowing him to stay as the nominal leader of Estonia (real powers mostly lay with the prime minister). The elected parliament made some of the most important decisions in the modern Estonian history, such as the on 30 March 1990 declaration of a period of transition to restore full independence from the Soviet Union, and the 20 August 1991 declaration to confirm the restoration of the country's full independence. Electoral system Members of the Supreme Soviet were elected in 42 single-member or multi-member constituencies. In the former constituencies deputies were elected by first-past-the-post vote, while in the latter deputies were elected by single transferable vote.Eesti NSV / Eesti Vabariigi Ülemnõukogu XII koosseis. Eesti Rahvusraamatukogu, 29.03.1990–29.09.1992. Tallinn, 2013 The local elections three months earlier, in December 1989, were also held under STV, and served as a dress rehearsalGrofman Bernard Mikkel Evald Taagepera Rein Electoral systems change in Estonia, 1989–1993 Journal of Baltic Studies 1999 30 3 227–249 10.1080/01629779900000081 143812929 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9510610w with the electoral law finally enacted on 4 December 1989.Núñez Lidia Jaakson Lauri Electoral System Change in Europe since 1945: Estonia Electoral System Change in Europe Since 1945 https://www.electoralsystemchanges.eu/Files/media/MEDIA_133/FILE/Estonia_summary.pdf The choice of STV was the result of a debate on voting systems led by the influential Estonian political scientist and émigré Rein Taagepera, who penned articles in Edasi in 1988, published Seats and Votes in 1989, and gave conferences on the topic. STV was not, however, Taagepera's own preference, but was rather the result of a consensus driven by Peet Kask between the outgoing Communist local officials, who sought a system that favored their popular names over their unpopular party brand, and the principle of proportional representation favored by the new parties. Apportionment The seats allocated were distributed as follows:Núñez Lidia Jaakson Lauri Electoral System Change in Europe since 1945: Estonia Electoral System Change in Europe Since 1945 https://www.electoralsystemchanges.eu/Files/media/MEDIA_133/FILE/Estonia_summary.pdf Type of district Number Total members Districts 5-seat districts 3 15 1 – Tallinn9 – Kohtla-Järve36 – Rakvere 4-seat districts 5 20 5 – Tallinn6 – Tallinn27 – Jõgeva41 – Viljandi42 – Võru 3-seat districts 13 39 2, 7, 8 – Tallinn21, 22 – Tartu23 – Haapsalu25 – Harju28 – Kingissep29 – Kohtla-Järve30 – Paide31 – Polva37 – Rapla40 – Valga 2-seat districts 6 12 4 – Tallinn15 – Pärnu24 – Harju26 – Hiiumaa38 – Tartu39 – Tartu 1-seat districts 15 15 3 – Tallinn10, 11, 12, 13, 14 – Narva16, 17 – Pärnu18, 19, 20 – Sillamäe32, 33, 34, 35 – Pärnu Soviet Armed Forces 4 4 Total 46 105 List of districts 1 – Tallinn (5) 2 – Tallinn (3) 3 – Tallinn (1) 4 – Tallinn (2) 5 – Tallinn (4) 6 – Tallinn (4) 7 – Tallinn (3) 8 – Tallinn (3) 9 – Kohtla-Järve (5) 10 – Narva (1) 11 – Narva (1) 12 – Narva (1) 13 – Narva (1) 14 – Narva (1) 15 – Pärnu (2) 16 – Pärnu (1) 17 – Pärnu (1) 18 – Sillamäe (1) 19 – Sillamäe (1) 20 – Sillamäe (1) 21 – Tartu (3) 22 – Tartu (3) 23 – Haapsalu (3) 24 – Harju (2) 25 – Harju (3) 26 – Hiiumaa (2) 27 – Jõgeva (4) 28 – Kingissep (3) 29 – Kohtla-Järve (3) 30 – Paide (3) 31 – Polva (3) 32 – Pärnu (1) 33 – Pärnu (1) 34 – Pärnu (1) 35 – Pärnu (1) 36 – Rakvere (5) 37 – Rapla (3) 38 – Tartu (2) 39 – Tartu (2) 40 – Valga (3) 41 – Viljandi (4) 42 – Võru (4) Results Popular Front of Estonia 43 Communist Party of Estonia–Free Estonia 27 Joint Soviet of Work Collectives 25 Independents 10 911203 1164603 Nohlen & Stöver, VVKhttp://www.vvk.ee/english/overview.html Elections and Referendums in Estonia 1989-1999 2008-11-17 Estonian National Electoral Committee See also List of members of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Estonia, 1990–1992 References Supreme Estonia Category:Election and referendum articles with incomplete results Category:Parliamentary elections in Estonia Estonia Category:Elections in the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic