2000 Mexican general election

None August 2023 Mexico 2 July 2000 yes Presidential election presidential 1994 Mexican general election 1994 2006 Mexican general election 2006 63.97% ( 13.19pp) 130x130px Vicente Fox WEF 2003 cropped.jpg Vicente Fox National Action Party (Mexico) Alliance for Change (Mexico) 15,989,636 43.43% FranciscoLabastidaOchoa.jpg 120 95 130 0 19 Francisco Labastida Institutional Revolutionary Party 13,579,718 36.89% Cuauhtemoc Cardenas Solorzano.jpg Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Party of the Democratic Revolution Alliance for Mexico 6,256,780 17.00% 300px Results by state 300px Results by municipality 300px #4E8AD2 Fox (31306) #50B86D Labastida (24503) #F2C800 Cárdenas (5390) #A63F3F Rincón (1) #A966CF Camacho (2) #B34B2B Muñoz (3) #c7c7c7 Tie (179) #9A9A9A No data (10153) Results by precinct 1 President Ernesto Zedillo Institutional Revolutionary Party Vicente Fox National Action Party (Mexico) yes Senate All 128 seats in the Senate of the Republic 65 1994 2006 Alliance for Change (Mexico) Luis Felipe Bravo Mena 39.10 51 34 Institutional Revolutionary Party Dulce María Sauri Riancho 37.51 60 76 Alliance for Mexico – 19.29 17 15 Elecciones al Senado de México de 2000 por entidad federativa.svg Results by state yes Chamber of Deputies All 500 seats in the Chamber of Deputies 251 1997 2003 Alliance for Change (Mexico) Luis Felipe Bravo Mena 39.19 224 129 Institutional Revolutionary Party Dulce María Sauri Riancho 37.75 211 239 Alliance for Mexico – 19.12 65 132 General elections were held in Mexico on Sunday, 2 July 2000. Voters went to the polls to elect a new president to serve a single six-year term, replacing President Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León, who was ineligible for re-election under the 1917 Constitution. The election system ran under plurality voting; 500 members of the Chamber of Deputies (300 by the first-past-the-post system and 200 by proportional representation) for three-year terms and 128 members of the Senate (three per state by first-past-the-post – two first-past-the-post seats are allocated to the party with the largest share of the vote; the remaining seat is given to the first runner-up – and 32 by proportional representation from national party lists) for six-year terms. The presidential election was won by Vicente Fox of the Alliance for Change, who received 43.4% of the vote,Nohlen Dieter Elections in the Americas: A data handbook 2005 978-0-19-928357-6 I 475 the first time the opposition had won an election since the Mexican Revolution. In the congressional elections the Alliance for Change emerged as the largest faction in the Chamber of Deputies with 224 of the 500 seats, whilst the Institutional Revolutionary Party remained the largest faction in the Senate with 60 of the 128 seats.Nohlen Dieter Elections in the Americas: A data handbook 2005 978-0-19-928357-6 I 470 Voter turnout was between 63 and 64% in the elections.Nohlen Dieter Elections in the Americas: A data handbook 2005 978-0-19-928357-6 I 455 This historically significant election made Fox the first president elected from an opposition party since Francisco I. Madero in 1911, as well as the first in 71 years to defeat, with 43 percent of the vote, the then-dominant Institutional Revolutionary Party. Primary elections Institutional Revolutionary Party President Ernesto Zedillo sought to break away from the 71-year-old PRI succession ritual, so the PRI conducted an unprecedented internal process to choose its presidential candidate for the 2000 elections. The president declared, "The so-called dedazo is dead"; dedazo being the term used to refer to the president personally choosing his successor, which roughly translates to "handpicking".Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León 5/5 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h4jIdrPaF0o 2024-02-13 YouTube27 November 1999 «Madrazo terminó su representación, abrazó a Labastida y regresó a Tabasco». https://www.proceso.com.mx/182032/madrazo-termino-su-representacion-abrazo-a-labastida-y-regreso-a-tabasco dead Proceso 1 January 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200101210512/https://www.proceso.com.mx/182032/madrazo-termino-su-representacion-abrazo-a-labastida-y-regreso-a-tabasco Francisco Labastida Ochoa, Humberto Roque Villanueva, Manuel Bartlett and Roberto Madrazo were the pre-candidates. Despite the president's statement, there was still a sense that Labastida was most likely to become the official candidate due to being the closest to President Zedillo.13 November 1999 Nos vemos en el 2000 https://www.proceso.com.mx/181912/nos-vemos-en-el-2000 dead www.proceso.com.mx 13 February 2024 1 January 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200101210513/https://www.proceso.com.mx/181912/nos-vemos-en-el-2000 Madrazo's confrontation with Labastida during the election was notable, as was Madrazo's "challenging" stance toward Zedillo, exemplified by his campaign slogan, Dale un Madrazo al dedazo ("Give a Madrazo to the dedazo", though it could also be translated as "Give a blow to the handpicking").https://www.proceso.com.mx/181178/dinero-ilicito-fraudes-e-impunidad-detras-de-la-rebelion-de-roberto-madrazo Dinero ilícito, fraudes e impunidad, detrás de la rebelión de Roberto Madrazo Proceso 7 August 1999 1 January 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200101210510/https://www.proceso.com.mx/181178/dinero-ilicito-fraudes-e-impunidad-detras-de-la-rebelion-de-roberto-madrazo dead On 7 November 1999 the primary election was held, and widespread reports of fraudulent tactics were present. Nevertheless, Madrazo accepted the election's outcome and rejoined the Tabasco government following a meeting with Labastida in Los Pinos, where Zedillo intervened to stop Madrazo from breaking with the PRI. On 20 November Labastida was declared the PRI candidate. Francisco Labastida Ochoa 4098618 Roberto Madrazo Pintado 2168580 Manuel Bartlett Diaz 455212 Humberto Roque Villanueva 328357 El Pais National Action Party The former Guanajuato governor Vicente Fox Quesada was the only person to seek the National Action Party nomination and was ratified by the party.México: La Historia de su democracia. 10 - Rumbo al 200 (1997 2000) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AyFd4xD2COY 2024-02-13 YouTube Pedro Cerisola was his general campaign coordinator.Pedro Cerisola - Gabinete Económico https://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/gabinete/pedrocer.htm Cámara de Diputados 14 June 2024 Party of the Democratic Revolution Porfirio Muñoz Ledo and Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas declared their interest in being candidates for the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD), a contest that ended with Muñoz Ledo's dismissal from the party. According to Muñoz Ledo it was inevitable that the same person would run for office a third time if there was no "true democratic process" in the PRD. Muñoz Ledo was later confirmed as the candidate for the Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution and Cárdenas was designated as the PRD candidate. Campaign On 27 April 2000 PAN candidate Vicente Fox sent a letter containing ten points to the apostolic nuncio Leonardo Sandri and the Conference of the Mexican Episcopate, outlining the measures he pledged to take on behalf of the Catholic Church and other Christian churches should he win the presidency. These included advocating for "respect for the right to life from the moment of conception," granting churches access to the media, granting free admission to public health centers, prisons, orphanages and nursing homes for priests and other ministers of worship, standardizing seminary coursework with public institution coursework, in addition to giving churches a unique tax system and allowing them to deduct taxes "when they contribute to human development."pol1 https://www.jornada.com.mx/2000/05/07/pol1.html 2024-02-13 www.jornada.com.mxESTADO-IGLESIA NUEVA RELACIÓN ?Debe Fox actuar como hombre de Estado y no como católico? https://archivo.eluniversal.com.mx/nacion/27350.html 2024-02-13 El Universal es Fox reaffirmed his strong religious stance and identified himself as a devout Catholic. Even though Fox had finally won the presidency, the promises he made to the churches in that letter were not kept given that the PAN failed to secure an absolute majority in the Congress of the Union. Opinion polls PRI candidate Francisco Labastida led in nearly all the polls throughout the first months of the campaign, although in the final two months his lead grew smaller; on the other hand, PAN candidate Vicente Fox was at second place in most of the polls, but in May and June his percentage of supporters increased and he led in many of the final polls. Given that the overwhelming majority of the polls failed to predict Fox's victory and instead had indicated that Labastida would win by comfortable margins, it has been asserted that many of those polled lied about their preferences, fearing that if they stated support for an opposition party, they would be stripped of the government assistance programs they were receiving by the PRI. The Reforma newspaper, which had predicted a Labastida victory in every poll they published during the campaign, attributed their mistake to the so-called "fear factor".Kuschik Murilo Las encuestas y la elección del año 2000 September 2000 Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales 133 http://www.revistas.unam.mx/index.php/rmcpys/article/download/48571/43939&usg=AOvVaw1suSVDIRxsEsopDTBlVqma 2 September 2019 Date Poll source FoxPAN LabastidaPRI CárdenasPRD Others Samplesize Ref.November 1999Mund Opinion39%43%18%0% N/AKuschik Murilo Las encuestas y la elección del año 2000 September 2000 Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales 8 http://www.revistas.unam.mx/index.php/rmcpys/article/download/48571/43939&usg=AOvVaw1suSVDIRxsEsopDTBlVqma 2 September 2019Indermec44%39%16%0% N/AGEA38%41.8%16.5%3.7% 1200Reforma33.3%53.1%9.9%3.7% 1542El Universal33.8%46.2%11.7%8.3% 1537CEO37%47%11%4% 1500December 1999Pearson (PRI)34%47%13%6% 1647El Universal39.2%47.1%12.5%1.2% 1475Milenio37.8%42.2%17.8%2.2% 1006January 2000CEPROSEPP32%51%11%6% 1510Reforma38.6%48.2%12.0%1.2% 1544GAUSCC (PAN)39%45%14%2% 20 866Pearson (PRI)36.7%49.7%11.9%1.7% 1678GAUSSC (PAN)42.4%43.5%13.0%1.1% 1500February 2000Milenio41.1%42.2%14.5%2.2% 1200CEPROSEPP32.4%45.5%16.1%6.0% 1346GEA44%36%18%2% 1113Technomgmt.34.5%45.3%17.2%3.0% 2697El Universal38.8%41.8%15.7%3.7% 1438Reforma38.6%47.0%13.2%1.2% 1510Reforma37.8%50.0%11.0%1.2% 2397Mund Opinion35.7%40.5%22.6%1.2% 1182March 2000CEPROSEPP31.8%46.1%17.0%5.1% 1322Pearson (PRI)33.4%51.6%13.6%1.5% 1127Milenio39.3%41.6%16.9%2.2% 1200El Universal39.7%45.0%12.7%2.6% 1438Reforma38.6%47.0%13.3%1.2% 1533GEA43.3%38.8%16.5%1.4% 1200Technomgmt.32.3%47.9%17.0%2.8% N/AApril 2000CEPROSEPP31.2%45.7%17.6%5.5% N/AGAUSSC41.4%46.0%12.3%0.3% 1500Technomgmt.32.7%47.4%17.7%2.2% N/AReforma42%45%12%1% 1647Quantum36.9%50.4%10.0%2.7% 1920El Universal39.2%42.2%14.0%4.5% 1074Reuters/Zogby46.3%41.6%9.3%2.8% 1062May 2000Pearson (PRI)39%45%12%4% 1590Technomgmt.39.1%45.5%12.5%2.9% 8000Reforma40%42%16%2% 1547GEA43.6%38.6%16.4%1.4% N/AEl Universal42.2%35.9%16.2%5.7% 1787Milenio36%43%17%4% 2005CEO39.0%42.7%15.1%3.2% 2450June 2000Alduncin41%35%20%4% 2095Alduncin41%35%20%4% 2095CEO39%43%15%3% 2423ARCOP43%38%17%3% 1400Fishers36%42%19%3% 2750GEA39%38%19%3% 2287Mund/Dalla36%37%27%0% 1362Reforma39%42%16%3% 1545Reuters41%44%15%1% 1330CM Político38%41%18%3% 1800D. Watch41%36%20%3% 1542Pearson39%43%15%3% 1309Milenio/Nielsen36%42%16%6% N/AAznarez Juan Jesus Fox y Labastida empatan en los sondeos a una semana de las elecciones https://elpais.com/diario/2000/06/24/internacional/961797606_850215.html 3 September 2019 El País 24 June 2000 Conduct June 2020 Some isolated incidents of irregularities and problems were reported. For example, one irregularity in the southern state of Campeche involved the European Union electoral observer Rocco Buttiglione and could have created problems for President Ernesto Zedillo had the PRI candidate won. Overall, however, electoral observers identified little evidence that those incidents were centrally coordinated (as opposed to led by local PRI officials), and critics concluded that those irregularities which did occur did not materially alter the outcome of the presidential vote, which had been more definitive than expected.January 2018 Civic organizations fielded more than 80,000 trained electoral observers, foreign observers were invited to witness the process, and numerous "quick count" operations and exit polls (not all of them independent) validated the official vote tabulation. The largest exit poll was organized by the U.S. firm Penn, Schoen & Berland, financed by a Dallas-based organization called Democracy Watch with the support of the Vicente Fox campaignJanuary 2018, who were concerned about possible election fraud. Numerous electoral reforms implemented after the widely-derided and fraudulent 1988 election opened up the Mexican political system, and since then opposition parties have made historic gains in elections at all levels. The chief electoral concerns shifted from outright fraud to campaign fairness issues and, between 1995 and 1996, the political parties negotiated constitutional amendments to address these issues. The legislation implemented included major points of consensus that had been worked out with the opposition parties. Under the new laws, public financing predominated over private contributions to political parties, procedures for auditing parties were tightened, and the authority and independence of the electoral institutions were strengthened. The court system was also given greatly expanded authority to hear civil rights cases on electoral matters brought by individuals or groups. In short, the extensive reform efforts of the 1990s "leveled the playing field" for the parties.January 2018 Results President Vicente Fox National Action Party 15989636 Francisco Labastida Institutional Revolutionary Party 13579718 Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Party of the Democratic Revolution 6256780 Gilberto Rincón Gallardo Social Democracy 592381 #E810BD Manuel Camacho Solís Democratic Center Party of Mexico 206589 #833275 Porfirio Muñoz Ledo Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution 156896 Other candidates 31461 788157 58782737 Nohlen, INE By state State Fox Labastida Cárdenas Rincón Camacho Muñoz Write-in None Aguascalientes202,335127,13426,2649,4672,2021,38983 6,291 Baja California429,194319,47777,34014,5623,4703,080507 14,965 Baja California Sur60,83456,23045,2292,10746036417 2,804 Campeche104,498106,34735,0902,4851,4061,247559 9,309 Chiapas288,204469,392272,1825,3404,6594,0631,05644,551 Chihuahua549,177460,93176,81011,5694,4873,16660921,350 Coahuila398,800311,48077,39310,3922,1111,8801,45412,464 Colima106,44581,09923,3133,1591,028542394,377 Distrito Federal1,928,0351,060,2271,146,131149,31236,38318,8432,00975,669 Durango211,361222,89250,5926,1441,5791,4698599,294 Guanajuato1,128,780517,815121,48918,24810,8008,4732,87349,039 Guerrero174,962402,091332,0916,1792,9133,00395420,180 Hidalgo282,864355,565136,86112,3195,0344,07875819,997 Jalisco1,392,535941,962163,26945,49417,56711,1103,28748,736 México2,239,7501,637,714961,876121,13740,73327,2033,41692,743 Michoacán419,188441,871543,80413,0587,4446,4042,06030,448 Morelos290,639193,861124,36812,5392,9163,01013612,296 Nayarit107,417173,47963,1213,0921,1751,0243517,043 Nuevo León760,093615,90796,63720,4487,4782,6581,51927,201 Oaxaca301,195486,496282,58711,0748,3727,3051,85139,616 Puebla732,435698,974208,68820,1708,6097,8491,14244,305 Querétaro290,977192,62239,62910,5853,7688,67017013,849 Quintana Roo132,38394,20250,4872,399916729705,216 San Luis Potosí393,997324,23472,59911,0733,3062,28740722,673 Sinaloa230,777621,32990,4887,2052,1891,6751,29015,920 Sonora447,496292,267114,5806,4261,6721,3259413,269 Tabasco174,840269,519213,9835,8172,5991,73265514,036 Tamaulipas521,486445,73791,4269,3873,2106,9321,15719,659 Tlaxcala123,880127,16382,0735,1852,5081,450536,639 Veracruz1,066,7191,008,933491,79125,47411,34310,95698558,630 Yucatán328,503321,39227,2144,2581,34498760213,127 Zacatecas169,837197,336117,3756,2772,9081,99343912,461Total15,989,63613,579,7186,256,780592,381206,589156,89631,461788,157Source: IFE Voter demographics Demographic subgroupFoxLabastidaCárdenasOther% oftotal vote Total vote4236166 100Gender Men473220152 Women434014348Age 18-24503217118 25-29473416316 30-34493415215 35-39473712413 40-45413520411 46-5044371818 51-5446401316 55-5932432415 60+35422218Education None30462138 Primary354618134 Secondary493415222 Preparatory532816321 University602215315Employment Public sector413719318 Private sector533115126 Self-employed423619324 Student59191755 Housewife414315125Region North503712123 Center-West483712318 Center433420335 South413720224Source: Reforma.Klesner Joseph L. The End of Mexico's One-Party Regime PS: Political Science and Politics March 2001 34 1 110 10.1017/S1049096501000166 1350318 153947777 Senate File:Mexican Senate 2000.svg Party-list Constituency Alliance for Change 14339963 13 14208973 38 51 +17 National Action Party (Mexico) Institutional Revolutionary Party 13755787 13 13699799 47 60 –16 Alliance for Mexico 7072994 6 7027944 11 17 +2 Party of the Democratic Revolution Social Democracy 676388 0 669725 0 0 New #E810BD Democratic Center Party of Mexico 523569 0 521178 0 0 New #833275 Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution 276109 0 275051 0 0 New Non-registered candidates 30892 0 31079 0 0 0 854459 852106 58782737 58782737 0 Nohlen, IFES Chamber of Deputies 300px300pxResults by coalition (left) and party (right) Party-list Constituency Alliance for Change 14323649 81 14212476 143 224 +95 National Action Party (Mexico) Institutional Revolutionary Party 13800306 79 13720453 132 211 –28 Alliance for Mexico 6990143 40 6948204 25 65 –67 Party of the Democratic Revolution Social Democracy 703532 0 698683 0 0 New #E810BD Democratic Center Party of Mexico 430812 0 428577 0 0 New #833275 Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution 273615 0 272425 0 0 New Non-registered candidates 30452 0 30380 0 0 0 868516 863262 58782737 58782737 0 Nohlen, TE Aftermath On election night, exit polls and preliminary results from the Federal Electoral Institute quickly proclaimed PAN candidate Vicente Fox winner. PRI candidate Francisco Labastida then headed to his party's headquarters to give his concession speech, but just minutes before he was to speak, a message from President Ernesto Zedillo was broadcast on national TV, in which the President himself acknowledged Fox's victory and congratulated him. The fact that the concession first came from the President instead of his party's candidate later caused tensions between Zedillo and Labastida.Labastida revela roces con Zedillo https://www.excelsior.com.mx/nacional/2015/07/03/1032685 17 July 2024 Excélsior 28 April 2023 Spanish Fox was sworn-in as president on 1 December, ending 71 years of PRI rule. 23 years later, in 2023, Labastida accused Zedillo of having sabotaged his presidential campaign, stating that Zedillo called three state governors to threaten them and make Labastida's campaign fail, since Zedillo wanted to hand the presidency over to the opposition party PAN in order to go down in history as a democrat who willingly gave up his party's 71-year hold on the presidency."A mí no me ganó Fox, fue Zedillo": Francisco Labastida Ochoa https://www.milenio.com/politica/labastida-destaca-que-perdio-por-zedillo-y-no-por-fox 17 July 2024 Grupo Milenio 28 April 2023 Spanish Campaign items (image gallery) References General Category:Presidential elections in Mexico Category:Legislative elections in Mexico General