1832 in science

none 1832 science 1832 The year 1832 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below. Biology Dr. Thomas Bell begins publication of A Monograph of the Testudinata, the first comprehensive study of the world's turtles. Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire begins publication of Histoire générale et particulière des anomalies de l'organisation chez l'homme et les animaux, a key text on teratology.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Isidore 11 619 Chemistry Pierre Jean Robiquet isolates the analgesic codeine. Friedrich Wöhler and Justus von Liebig discover and explain functional groups and radicals in relation to organic chemistry. https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/justus-von-liebig-and-friedrich-w%C3%B6hler Justus von Liebig and Friedrich Wöhler Science History Institute 2018-03-21 2018-06-20 https://web.archive.org/web/20180620232155/https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/justus-von-liebig-and-friedrich-w%C3%B6hler dead Bowden Mary Ellen Chemical achievers: the human face of the chemical sciences https://archive.org/details/chemicalachiever0000bowd registration 1997 Chemical Heritage Foundation Philadelphia, PA 9780941901123 Justus von Liebig and Friedrich Wöhler 83–87 The synthetic dyestuff pittacal is discovered by German chemist Carl Ludwig Reichenbach. Exploration April 21 – Cyrille Pierre Théodore Laplace completes a four-year global circumnavigation. Mathematics Évariste Galois presents a general condition for the solvability of algebraic equations, thereby essentially founding group theory and Galois theory.Tony Crilly 50 Mathematical Ideas you really need to know London Quercus 2007 978-1-84724-008-8 152 On May 29, the eve of a duel from which he will die, he writes his "mathematical testament", a letter to Auguste Chevalier. Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet proves Fermat's Last Theorem for n = 14. János Bolyai's system of non-Euclidean geometry is first published.As an appendix to a mathematics textbook by his father, Farkas Bolyai, published in Maros Vásárhelyini. Medicine February 12 – In England, a second cholera pandemic begins to spread, starting from the East End of London. It is declared officially over in early May but deaths continue. It will claim at least 3000 victims. In Liverpool, Kitty Wilkinson becomes the "Saint of the Slums"'Slum Saint' honoured with statue 4 February 2010 BBC News http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/merseyside/8499533.stm 9 April 2011 by promoting hygiene.Memoir of Kitty Wilkinson of Liverpool, 1786-1860 Herbert R. Rathbone H. Young & Sons 1927 July 19 – Anatomy Act in the United Kingdom provides for licensing and inspection of anatomists, and for unclaimed bodies from public institutions to be available for their dissection. Dr James Kay publishes The moral and physical condition of the working-class employed in the cotton manufacture in Manchester. Thomas Hodgkin first describes abnormalities in the lymph system later known as Hodgkin's lymphoma.Hellman S. Hoppe, R. T. Mauch, P. T. Armitage, J. O. Diehl, V. Weiss, L. M. Hodgkin Lymphoma Brief Consideration of Thomas Hodgkin and His Times Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Philadelphia 2007 2nd 3–6 978-0-7817-6422-3On some morbid experiences of the absorbent glands and spleen Hodgkin T. Medico-Chirurgical Transactions London 17 69–97 1832 Oceanography James Rennell's An Investigation of the Currents of the Atlantic Ocean, and of those which prevail between the Indian Ocean and the Atlantic is published posthumously by his daughter. It will not be significantly superseded for more than a century.James Rennell – the father of oceanography http://www.noc.soton.ac.uk/JRD/history/rennell.php National Oceanography Centre, James Rennell Division for Ocean Circulation and Climate Southampton 2009 2011-04-05 https://web.archive.org/web/20110516035320/http://www.noc.soton.ac.uk/JRD/history/rennell.php 2011-05-16 dead Physics Michael Faraday states his laws of electrolysis. c. December – Following a paper by Faraday, Belgian physicist Joseph Plateau and Austrian professor of practical geometry Simon Stampfer simultaneously and independently devise the phenakistiscope, an animation device creating an optical illusion of motion. Psychology Swiss crystallographer Louis Albert Necker first publishes the optical illusion which becomes known as the Necker cube.Necker L. A. 1832 Observations on some remarkable optical phaenomena seen in Switzerland; and on an optical phaenomenon which occurs on viewing a figure of a crystal or geometrical solid London and Edinburgh Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science 1 5 329–337 10.1080/14786443208647909 https://zenodo.org/record/1430991 Technology The first commutator DC electric motor, capable of turning machinery, is demonstrated by William Sturgeon in London. The first drum-type rotary printing press is completed by anarchist Josiah Warren in New York.Bailie William https://archive.org/details/josiahwarrenfirs00bailiala/mode/2up Josiah Warren, the First American Anarchist: A Sociological Study Small, Maynard & Co 1906 Boston X. Inventions in PrintingButler Ann 1978 Josiah Warren, peaceful revolutionist http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/handle/handle/175361 Virtual Press 2021-09-29 2021-09-29 https://web.archive.org/web/20210929204844/https://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/handle/handle/175361 live16. Josiah Warren http://libcom.org/library/16-josiah-warren 2021-09-29 libcom.org 2021-09-29 https://web.archive.org/web/20210929190723/http://libcom.org/library/16-josiah-warren liveWilbur Shawn P. 2017-07-20 Josiah Warren, "Reduction in the Cost of Printing Apparatus" (1830) https://www.libertarian-labyrinth.org/uncategorized/josiah-warren-reduction-in-the-cost-of-printing-apparatus-1830/ 2021-09-29 The Libertarian Labyrinth 2021-09-29 https://web.archive.org/web/20210929190714/https://www.libertarian-labyrinth.org/uncategorized/josiah-warren-reduction-in-the-cost-of-printing-apparatus-1830/ liveJosiah Warren's Universal Typography https://faculty.evansville.edu/ck6/bstud/warren1.html 2021-09-29 faculty.evansville.edu 2021-09-29 https://web.archive.org/web/20210929190725/https://faculty.evansville.edu/ck6/bstud/warren1.html liveReece Erik https://books.google.com/books?id=jKpnCwAAQBAJ Utopia Drive: A Road Trip through America's Most Radical Idea Farrar, Straus & Giroux 2016 978-0-374-10657-7 1st New York A Simple Act of Moral Commerce 2015041553 2022-03-25 2022-03-25 https://web.archive.org/web/20220325182323/https://books.google.com/books?id=jKpnCwAAQBAJ live Awards Copley Medal: Michael Faraday; Siméon PoissonCopley Medal British scientific award https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal Encyclopedia Britannica 22 July 2020 en Births June 17 – William Crookes (died 1919), English chemist and physicist. August 16 – Wilhelm Wundt (died 1920), German physiologist and psychologist. September 26 – Zsófia Torma (died 1899), Hungarian archaeologist, anthropologist and paleontologist. October 4 – Thorborg Rappe (died 1902), Swedish pioneer in the education of students with Intellectual disability. December 12 – Ludwig Sylow (died 1918), Norwegian mathematician. December 15 – Gustave Eiffel (died 1923), French structural engineer. Deaths May 13 – Georges Cuvier (born 1769), French zoologist. May 31 – Évariste Galois (born 1811), French mathematician. August 24 – Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot (born 1796), French mathematician September 2 – Franz Xaver, Baron Von Zach (born 1754), Hungarian astronomer. October 31 – Antonio Scarpa (born 1752), Italian anatomist. November 8 – Marie-Jeanne de Lalande (born 1768), French astronomer. References Category:19th century in science Category:1830s in science