1803 in science

none February 2012 1803 science 1803 The year 1803 in science and technology involved some significant events. Astronomy April 26 – A meteorite shower falls on L'Aigle in Normandy; Jean Baptiste Biot demonstrates that it is of extraterrestrial origin.http://www.ilt.columbia.edu/projects/bluetelephone/html/chladni.html Ernst Florens Friedrich Chladni Institute for Learning Technologies, Columbia University May 8, 2011 https://web.archive.org/web/20110514140121/http://www.ilt.columbia.edu/projects/bluetelephone/html/chladni.html May 14, 2011101 Oxford Dictionary of Scientists https://archive.org/details/dictionaryscient00dain limited Oxford University Press 1999 1999ods..book.....D http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/metsoc2003/pdf/5251.pdf M. Gounelle The meteorite fall at L'Aigle on April 26th 1803 and the Biot report 2003 August 18, 2011 Botany Publication (posthumously) of André Michaux's Flora Boreali-Americana in Paris, the first flora of North America. Publication of Erik Acharius's work Methodus qua omnes detectos lichenes, a foundational taxonomic treatise on lichen classification University of Tartu Botanical Gardens established. Chemistry January 1 – William Henry's formulation of his law on the solubility of gases first published.William Henry Experiments on the Quantity of Gases Absorbed by Water, at Different Temperatures, and under Different Pressures Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London January 1, 1803 93 29–274 10.1098/rstl.1803.0004 :File:William Henry-Experiments on the Quantity of Gases Absorbed by Water.pdf free September 3 – English scientist John Dalton starts using symbols to represent the atoms of different chemical elements. October 21 – John Dalton's atomic theory and list of molecular weights first made known, at a lecture in Manchester.John Dalton On the Absorption of Gases by Water and Other Liquids http://web.lemoyne.edu/~giunta/dalton52.html Memoirs of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester 2nd Series 1 1805 271–87 April 27, 2011 https://web.archive.org/web/20110611205519/http://web.lemoyne.edu/~giunta/dalton52.html June 11, 2011 http://www.rsc.org/delivery/_ArticleLinking/DisplayArticleForFree.cfm?doi=b307622a&JournalCode=DT John Dalton, the man and his legacy: the bicentenary of his Atomic Theory 2003 10.1039/B307622A February 17, 2008 Lappert Michael F. Murrell John N. Dalton Transactions 20 3811–3820 subscription William Hyde Wollaston discovers the chemical element rhodium. Smithson Tennant discovers the chemical elements iridium and osmium. Cerium is discovered in Bastnäs (Sweden) by Jöns Jakob Berzelius and Wilhelm Hisinger, and independently in Germany by Martin Heinrich Klaproth. http://www.rsc.org/chemsoc/visualelements/pages/data/cerium_data.html Visual Elements Cerium 1999–2005 Royal Society of Chemistry London November 21, 2011 Claude Louis Berthollet publishes Essai de statique chimique in Paris. Exploration June 9 – Matthew Flinders completes the first known circumnavigation of Australia.https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/timeline/empireseapower_timeline_noflash.shtml British History Timeline BBC History February 17, 2008 Mathematics Gian Francesco Malfatti presents his conjecture regarding Malfatti circles.Dörrie H. Malfatti's Problem 100 Great Problems of Elementary Mathematics: their History and Solutions https://archive.org/details/100greatproblems0000dorr registration New York Dover 147–151 1965 0-486-61348-8Goldberg M. On the Original Malfatti Problem Mathematics Magazine 40 5 241–247 1967 10.2307/2688277 2688277http://www.cut-the-knot.org/Curriculum/Geometry/Malfatti.shtml Malfatti's Problem cut-the-knot May 16, 2011 Medicine Jean Marc Gaspard Itard first recognises pneumothorax. Dr Thomas Percival of Manchester publishes his Medical Ethics; or, a Code of Institutes and Precepts, Adapted to the Professional Conduct of Physicians and Surgeons, coining the expression medical ethics.Writing a Code of Ethics Michael Davis Perspectives on the Professions 19 1 Fall 1999 1–3 http://ethics.iit.edu/perspective/v19n1%20perspective.pdf Center for the Study of Ethics in the Professions at IIT Chicago September 30, 2011 February 25, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210225045509/http://ethics.iit.edu/perspective/v19n1%20perspective.pdf dead Meteorology Luke Howard publishes the basis of the modern classification and nomenclature of clouds.Luke Howard On the modifications of clouds, and on the principles of their production, suspension and destruction Philosophical Magazine 16 62 1803 97–107, 344–57 10.1080/14786440308676310 https://zenodo.org/record/1430688Thornes John E. John Constable's Skies The University of Birmingham Press 1999 1-902459-02-4 Technology Robert Ransome invents the self-sharpening chilled cast-iron ploughshare in Ipswich, England. The first Fourdrinier continuous papermaking machine is installed in Hertfordshire, England. Transport January 4 – William Symington demonstrates his Charlotte Dundas, the "first practical steamboat", in Scotland. July 26 – The Surrey Iron Railway, a wagonway between Wandsworth and Croydon, is opened, being the first public railway line in England. Thomas Telford begins work on construction of the Caledonian Canal and improving roads in Scotland.Williams Hywel Cassell's Chronology of World History https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/354 registration London Weidenfeld & Nicolson 2005 0-304-35730-8 354Palmer Alan Palmer Veronica 1992 The Chronology of British History Century Ltd London 239–240 0-7126-5616-2 Awards Copley Medal: Richard ChenevixCopley Medal British scientific award https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal Encyclopedia Britannica 21 July 2020 en Births February 26 – Arnold Adolph Berthold, German physiologist (died 1861) February 28 – Christian Heinrich von Nagel, German geometer (died 1882) April 1 – Miles Joseph Berkeley, English cryptogamist (died 1889) May 12 – Justus von Liebig, German chemist (died 1873) May 24 – Charles Lucien Bonaparte, French naturalist (died 1857) June 8 – Amalia Assur, Swedish dentist (died 1889) July 31 – John Ericsson, Swedish-born mechanical engineer and inventor (died 1889) October 3 – John Gorrie, American physician and inventor (died 1855) October 6 – Heinrich Wilhelm Dove, Prussian physicist and climatologist (died 1879) October 16 – Robert Stephenson, English railway engineer (died 1859) November 29 – Christian Doppler, Austrian mathematician and discoverer of the Doppler effect (died 1853) December 21 – Joseph Whitworth, English mechanical engineer (died 1887) Choe Han-gi, Korean philosopher of science (died 1877) Deaths May 8 – John Joseph Merlin, Liège-born English inventor (born 1735) October 14 – Ami Argand, Genevan physicist and chemist (born 1750) References 30em Category:19th century in science Category:1800s in science