1989–1991 French nuclear tests

List of nuclear weapons tests of France 1989–1991 France Lagoon Area 2, Fangataufa Atoll; Lagoon, Areas 5–7, Moruroa Atoll; Rim zone, Areas 1–2, Moruroa Atoll 1989–1991 21 Underground shaft 118 ktTNT in 1986–88 French nuclear tests 1995–96 French nuclear tests 1989–91 French nuclear tests The France's 1989–1991 nuclear test series was a group of 21 nuclear tests conducted in 1989–1991. These tests followed the 1986–1988 French nuclear tests series and preceded the 1995–1996 French nuclear tests series. + France's 1989–1991 series tests and detonations Name The US, France and Great Britain have code-named their test events, while the USSR and China did not, and therefore have only test numbers (with some exceptions – Soviet peaceful explosions were named). Word translations into English in parentheses unless the name is a proper noun. A dash followed by a number indicates a member of a salvo event. The US also sometimes named the individual explosions in such a salvo test, which results in "name1 – 1(with name2)". If test is canceled or aborted, then the row data like date and location discloses the intended plans, where known. Date time (UT) Local time zoneTo convert the UT time into standard local, add the number of hours in parentheses to the UT time; for local daylight saving time, add one additional hour. If the result is earlier than 00:00, add 24 hours and subtract 1 from the day; if it is 24:00 or later, subtract 24 hours and add 1 to the day. Historical time zone data obtained from the IANA time zone database.Time Zone Historical Database iana.com http://www.ietf.org/timezones/ March 8, 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140311224729/http://www.ietf.org/timezones/ 2014-03-11 dead LocationRough place name and a latitude/longitude reference; for rocket-carried tests, the launch location is specified before the detonation location, if known. Some locations are extremely accurate; others (like airdrops and space blasts) may be quite inaccurate. "~" indicates a likely pro-forma rough location, shared with other tests in that same area. Elevation + height Elevation is the ground level at the point directly below the explosion relative to sea level; height is the additional distance added or subtracted by tower, balloon, shaft, tunnel, air drop or other contrivance. For rocket bursts the ground level is "N/A". In some cases it is not clear if the height is absolute or relative to ground, for example, Plumbbob/John. No number or units indicates the value is unknown, while "0" means zero. Sorting on this column is by elevation and height added together. Delivery,Atmospheric, airdrop, balloon, gun, cruise missile, rocket, surface, tower, and barge are all disallowed by the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Sealed shaft and tunnel are underground, and remained useful under the PTBT. Intentional cratering tests are borderline; they occurred under the treaty, were sometimes protested, and generally overlooked if the test was declared to be a peaceful use.Purpose Include weapons development, weapon effects, safety test, transport safety test, war, science, joint verification and industrial/peaceful, which may be further broken down. DeviceDesignations for test items where known, "?" indicates some uncertainty about the preceding value, nicknames for particular devices in quotes. This category of information is often not officially disclosed. YieldEstimated energy yield in tons, kilotons, and megatons. A ton of TNT equivalent is defined as 4.184 gigajoules (1 gigacalorie). FalloutRadioactive emission to the atmosphere aside from prompt neutrons, where known. The measured species is only iodine-131 if mentioned, otherwise it is all species. No entry means unknown, probably none if underground and "all" if not; otherwise notation for whether measured on the site only or off the site, where known, and the measured amount of radioactivity released. References Notes EpéiosEpéios dmy 1989 5 11 16:45:00.5 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon, Areas 5–7, Moruroa Atoll: Labre3 ~ -21.84407 -138.91277 Epéios inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000160000 16 kt TecmessaTecmessa dmy 1989 5 20 17:59:00 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon, Areas 5–7, Moruroa Atoll: Pieuvre5 ~ -21.83047 -138.87541 Tecmessa inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000020000 2 kt NyctéeNyctée dmy 1989 6 3 17:30:00.2 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon, Areas 5–7, Moruroa Atoll: janie4 ~ -21.84957 -138.93121 Nyctée inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000200000 20 kt CyzicosCyzicos dmy 1989 6 10 17:30:00.1 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon Area 2, Fangataufa Atoll: Natice1 -22.24438 -138.734205 Cyzicos inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000800000 80 kt HypsipyleHypsipyle dmy 1989 10 24 16:30:00.2 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon, Areas 5–7, Moruroa Atoll: Hippocampe6 ~ -21.85566 -138.95046 Hypsipyle inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000240000 24 kt ErigoneErigone dmy 1989 10 31 16:57:00.3 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon, Areas 5–7, Moruroa Atoll: Orque1 ~ -21.85242 -138.88442 Erigone inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000200000 20 kt TrosTros dmy 1989 11 20 17:29:00.3 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon, Areas 5–7, Moruroa Atoll: Krill7 ~ -21.83995 -138.92235 Tros inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000200000 20 kt DaunusDaunus dmy 1989 11 25 18:00:?? TAHT (–10 hrs) Rim zone, Areas 1–2, Moruroa Atoll: Dora8 -21.78462 -138.87469 Daunus inline 0000005 m on – 280 m on underground shaft,safety experiment 000000000 no yield LycosLycos dmy 1989 11 27 17:00:00.0 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon Area 2, Fangataufa Atoll: Mitre2 -22.23413 -138.74355 Lycos inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000870000 87 kt TélépheTéléphe dmy 1990 6 2 17:29:58.5 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon, Areas 5–7, Moruroa Atoll: Nerite5 ~ -21.84422 -138.89405 Téléphe inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000200000 20 kt MégapentesMégapentes dmy 1990 6 7 17:30:00 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon, Areas 5–7, Moruroa Atoll: Requin7 ~ -21.83451 -138.846 Mégapentes inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000050000 5 kt CypselosCypselos dmy 1990 6 26 17:59:58.2 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon Area 2, Fangataufa Atoll: Natice2 -22.24197 -138.73426 Cypselos inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 001000000 100 kt AnticléeAnticlée dmy 1990 7 4 17:59:58.6 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon, Areas 5–7, Moruroa Atoll: Labre4 ~ -21.83987 -138.91277 Anticlée inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000180000 18 kt HyrtacosHyrtacos dmy 1990 11 14 18:11:58.3 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon Area 2, Fangataufa Atoll: Mitre3 -22.23006 -138.74379 Hyrtacos inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 001180000 118 kt ThoasThoas dmy 1990 11 21 16:59:58.1 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon, Areas 5–7, Moruroa Atoll: Janie5 ~ -21.84548 -138.93121 Thoas inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000360000 36 kt MélanippeMélanippe dmy 1991 5 7 17:00:00 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon, Areas 5–7, Moruroa Atoll: Requin8 ~ -21.8314 -138.846 Mélanippe inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000010000 1 kt AlcinosAlcinos dmy 1991 5 18 17:14:58.5 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon, Areas 5–7, Moruroa Atoll: Hippocampe7 ~ -21.85313 -138.95046 Alcinos inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000200000 20 kt PériclyménosPériclyménos dmy 1991 5 29 18:59:58.2 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon Area 2, Fangataufa Atoll: Porcelaine1 -22.24307 -138.72516 Périclyménos inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 001060000 106 kt PitthéePitthée dmy 1991 6 14 17:59:57.8 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon, Areas 5–7, Moruroa Atoll: Orque2 ~ -21.84826 -138.88442 Pitthée inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000280000 28 kt CoronisCoronis dmy 1991 7 5 18:00:00 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon, Areas 5–7, Moruroa Atoll: Requin3 ~ -21.8 -138.9 Coronis inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000003000 300 t LycurgueLycurgue dmy 1991 7 15 18:09:58.3 TAHT (–10 hrs) Lagoon, Areas 5–7, Moruroa Atoll: Isurus3 ~ -21.85655 -138.94077 Lycurgue inline 0000000 + underground shaft,weapons development 000340000 34 kt note References Norris Robert S. Andrew S. Burrows Richard W. Fieldhouse 1994 Nuclear Weapons Databook, Vol. 5: British, French, and Chinese Nuclear Weapons Westview Press Boulder, CO International Atomic Energy Agency 1998 The Radiological Situation at the Atolls of Mururoa and Fangataufa, Main Report Vienna, Austria http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/Pub1028_web.pdf December 19, 2013 March 1, 2007 La Dimension Radiologique des Essais Nucleaires Francais en Polynesie Ministry of Defense http://www-dam.cea.fr/dossiers/Mururoa/img/La_dimension_radiologique_des_essais_nucleaires_francais_en_Polynesie.pdf December 19, 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20170909065129/http://www-dam.cea.fr/dossiers/Mururoa/img/La_dimension_radiologique_des_essais_nucleaires_francais_en_Polynesie.pdf 2017-09-09 dead Capcom Espace 2005 Les essais nucleaire Francaispublisher=Capcom Espace http://www.capcomespace.net/dossiers/espace_europeen/albion/essais_nucleaire_francais_listing.htm December 20, 2013 Yang Xiaoping Robert North Carl Romney August 2000 CMR Nuclear Explosion Database (Revision 3) SMDC Monitoring Research Category:French nuclear weapons testing Category:1989 in France Category:1990 in Overseas France Category:1990s in French Polynesia Category:1991 in French Polynesia