1909 Borujerd earthquake

1909 Borujerd earthquake 23 January 1909 08:18 1909-01-23 02:48:28 iscgemsup16958011 16958011 Iran L 7.3 33.0 N 53.0 E inline, title Iran IX 6,000–8,000 dead The 1909 Borujerd earthquake also known as Silakhor earthquake occurred in Silakhor plain (in the south of today's Borujerd County), Qajar Iran on January 23. Around 8,000 fatalities were caused directly from the magnitude 7.3 earthquake. An indefinite number of aftershocks continued for six months after the main shock. The section on this fault ruptured was the same as the main rupture zone of the 2006 Borujerd earthquake. Earthquake The earthquake caused 40 km us of visible surface faulting.https://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/world/world_deaths.php https://web.archive.org/web/20080916224542/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/world/world_deaths.php dead September 16, 2008 Earthquakes with 1,000 or More Deaths since 1900 United States Geological Survey January 16, 2008 As no contemporary measurements of the fault scarp took place, the amount of displacement is unknown. The vertical displacement is believed to have exceeded 1 m. The possibility of strike-slip displacement associated with the earthquake has not been established yet. The earthquake ruptured a branch of the Main Recent Fault; a right-lateral strike-slip feature trending northwest. The southern section of the Main Recent Fault from Dorud to Borujerd ruptured during this earthquake.Tchalenko J. S. Braud J. Seismicity and structure of the Zagros (Iran): the Main Recent Fault between 33 and 35° N Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 1974 277 1262 1–25 10.1098/rsta.1974.0044 122302270 Alongside the 1909 earthquake, events in 1957, 1958 and 2006 are associated with this fault or its splay branches. Earthquakes of w 7.0 or larger in the Zagros mountains are a rare occurrence; a majority of earthquakes only reach up to about w 6.5. The only other earthquake larger than w 7.0 occurred on 12 November 2017 at w 7.3.Karasözen Ezgi Nissen Edwin Bergman Eric A. Ghods Abdolreza Seismotectonics of the Zagros (Iran) From Orogen-Wide, Calibrated Earthquake Relocations Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 2019 124 8 9109–9129 10.1029/2019JB017336 free 2019JGRB..124.9109K Damage Sixty villages within the region were either completely destroyed or damaged beyond repair. Casualties were extensive, occurring in 130 individual villages. However, damage was contained within a 40000 km2 sqmi area. Eight thousand were killed in this sector along with several thousand animals.Seismicity of Iran: The Silakhor (Luristan) Earthquake of 23rd, January, 1909 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288860379 Annals of Geophysics National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology N.N. Ambraseys Nicholas Ambraseys 1974 27 3–4 399–427 Damage was worst within the epicentral area (Silakhor Valley) and surrounding valleys populated by domestic tribes. Signs of ground failure and landslides was evident for another 20 - 30 km mi southeast of the epicenter. The Persian Constitutional Revolution which brought turmoil and chaos across the country was underway when the earthquake occurred. Contact between authority bodies was irregular and inadequate. This may have contributed to unofficial information about the earthquake reaching Tehran, three weeks after the earthquake, through diplomatic messengers. Following a coup d'état in 1908, nearly all press companies were censored while those allowed to run published at inconsistent monthly or quarterly intervals. Hence, the Iranian press only reported the true scale of devastation in late April 1909. Due to the earthquake's far-reaching felt area, being felt in the Caucasus, Turkey and Baghdad, it was reported in the European press, although there was no information about its impact in the epicenter region. See also List of earthquakes in 1909 List of earthquakes in Iran References A History of Persian Earthquakes https://books.google.com/books?id=1JkfKub5vakC N. N. Ambraseys Nicholas Ambraseys C. P. Melville 2005 Cambridge University Press 978-0521021876 69, 70, 164 Earthquakes and Coseismic Surface Faulting on the Iranian Plateau https://books.google.com/books?id=_ur1AgAAQBAJ M. Berberian Manuel Berberian 2014 Developments in Earth Surface Processes 1st Elsevier 978-0444632920 592 External links M 6.1 – western Iran – United States Geological Survey Darb e Astaneh (Silakhor) Earthquake Report: March 31, 2006; ML=6.1 – IIEES 16958011 1909 Borujerd Category:1909 in Iran Borujerd Category:History of Lorestan province Category:Borujerd County Category:Borujerd Category:January 1909 in Asia Category:1909 disasters Category:20th-century disasters in Iran