1935 Greek monarchy referendum

none July 2020 Second Hellenic Republic 3 November 1935 1491992 32454 3268 A referendum on restoring the monarchy was held in Greece on 3 November 1935.Dieter Nohlen & Phillip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p830 978-3-8329-5609-7 The proposal was approved by nearly 97.9% of voters,Nohlen & Stöver, p838 although the conduct of the referendum was far from free or fair. George II returned from exile and was restored to the throne on 25 November 1935.Miller William 1936 A New Era in Greece Foreign Affairs 14 4 654–661 10.2307/20030766 20030766 Background After the defeat of Greece by the Turkish National Movement (the "Asia Minor Disaster" of 1922), the defeated army revolted against the royal government. King Constantine I was forced to abdicate in 1922, and died in exile in 1923. His eldest son and successor, King George II, was soon after asked by the parliament to leave Greece so the nation could decide what form of government it should adopt. In a 1924 referendum, Greeks voted to create a republic. In 1935, Prime Minister Georgios Kondylis, a former pro-Venizelos military officer, became the most powerful political figure in Greece. On 10 October, he compelled Panagis Tsaldaris to resign as Prime Minister and took over the government, suspending many constitutional provisions in the process. Kondylis, who had now joined the Conservatives, decided to hold a referendum in order to re-establish the monarchy, despite the fact that he used to be a supporter of the anti-monarchist wing of Greek politics.July 2020 The referendum was scheduled to take place on 3 November per resolution "on the abolition of the republic" of 10 October 1935 (ΦΕΚ Α΄ 456).see Gazette 456, dated 10.10.1935, p. 2295 Conduct Observers of the time raised concerns about the legitimacy of the election. In addition to the abnormally high "for" vote, the vote was held in far-from-secret circumstances. Voters dropped a blue piece of paper into the ballot box if they supported the king's return, or a red paper to retain the republic. Anyone who cast a vote to retain the republic risked intimidation or assault.By the Grace of God Time, 18 November 1935 Results 1491992 32454 3268 Nohlen & Stöver References Plebiscite Category:1930s in Greek politics Category:Referendums in Greece Greece Category:Republicanism in Greece Category:History of Greece (1924–1941) Category:Monarchism in Greece Category:Monarchy referendums in Greece Greece Category:Restoration of the monarchy