1952 Iranian legislative election

1952 parliamentary elections for the Iranian legislative assembly 1952 Iranian legislative election Iran State flag of Iran (1933–1964).svg parliamentary no 1950 Iranian legislative election 1950 1954 Iranian legislative election 1954 79 seats to the National Consultative Assembly 1952 Dr Mohammad Mosaddeq (cropped).jpg Mohammad Mosaddegh National Front National Front (Iran) font-weight:normal;text-align:center; Parties Iran Party Toilers Party Society of Muslim Warriors Nation Party Party of the Iranian People Did not stand 30 Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh National Front (Iran) Mohammad Mosaddegh National Front (Iran) 1952 Iranian legislative election.svg 3x4.svg CDCDCD Independent 49 Parliamentary elections were held in Iran in 1952 to elect the 17th Iranian Majlis. Conduct The elections were held by Government of Mosaddegh, who changed several governor-generals and governors. He also ordered members of the electoral supervisory councils to be selected by lot. However, the government was unable to control the shah, Artesh, the notables, and some of its own supporters.ELECTIONS i. UNDER THE QAJAR AND PAHLAVI MONARCHIES, 1906-79 Encyclopædia Iranica December 13, 2011 December 15, 1998 Bibliotheca Persica Press New York City http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/elections VIII Azimi Fakhreddin Yarshater Ehsan Ehsan Yarshater March 15, 2016 4 345–355 The voting process was stopped by Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh after enough MPs were elected to form a parliamentary quorum (79 out of 136).Dieter Nohlen Florian Grotz Christof Hartmann 2001 Elections in Asia: A Data Handbook Iran I Oxford University Press 73 0-19-924958-X The decision is viewed as manipulation, because Mosaddegh meant to prevent opposition candidates taking seats from rural areas.Barbara Ann Rieffer-Flanagan 2013 Evolving Iran: An Introduction to Politics and Problems in the Islamic Republic Georgetown University Press 85–86 9781589019782 Results The highly organized Tudeh Party failed to win a single seat, despite receiving the second-highest number of votes.Sepehr Zabih 1966 The Communist Movement in Iran 0-691-10134-5 University of California Press 193 https://archive.org/details/iranbetweentwore00abra_0/page/193 In Tehran, the turnout was double that of previous election and the National Front candidates, including members of Iran Party, Toilers Party, Muslim Mojahedin and non-partisan nationalists won all twelve seats. In Tabriz, the nine deputies elected were supporters of Mossadegh.Baktiari Bahman Parliamentary Politics in Revolutionary Iran: The Institutionalization of Factional Politics University Press of Florida 1996 40 978-0-8130-1461-6 According to David McDowall, in Mahabad the candidate known to be a Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan member was overwhelmingly elected but the results were annulled.McDowall David A Modern History of the Kurds: Third Edition I.B.Tauris 2004 251 9781850434160 However, Denise Natali states that the candidate was named Vaziri, who belonged to Tudeh Party.Denise Natali The Kurds And the State: Evolving National Identity in Iraq, Turkey, And Iran 2005 Syracuse University Press 978-0-8156-3084-5 135 In the 1952 elections, for instance, KDPI candidates received about 80 percent of the votes in the Kurdish regions, vet they were prohibited from attaining seats in the Majlis. Kurdayeti certainly remained salient for Kurdish nationalist cadres. Although Vaziri was director of Tudeh's KAK, he ran as the "Kurdish candidate" from Mahabad in 1952 in his bid for a seat in Majlis. Royalist cleric Hassan Emami eventually took office representing the constituency and was elected as Speaker of the parliament.Gasiorowski Mark J. Byrne Malcolm 2004 Mohammad Mosaddeq and the 1953 Coup in Iran 0815630182 Syracuse University Press 46–51 A CIA document states that the Shah was behind his election.https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1951-54Iran/d346 346. Despatch From the Station in Iran to the Chief of the Near East and Africa Division, Directorate of Plans, Central Intelligence Agency (Roosevelt) 833 13 November 1953 Office of the Historian, Bureau of Public Affairs, United States Department of State Central Intelligence Agency Party/allianceSeatsRoyalists49Pro-BritishNational FrontIran Party30Toilers PartyMuslim Warriors Vacant57Total136Source: AbrahamianAbrahamian Ervand 1982 Iran Between Two Revolutions 0-691-10134-5 Princeton University Press 269 The Seventeenth Majles convened in February 1952. Of the seventy-nine deputies, thirty either belonged to or closely identified with the National Front. They included Sanjabi and Zirakzadeh of the Iran party; Baqai of the Toilers' party; Kashani and Qonatabadi from the Society of Muslim Warriors; nonparty supporters of Mossadeq, such as Shayegan, Razavi, Nariman, Makki, and Haerzadeh; and Khosrow and Naser Qashqayi, who joined the caucus after their elections from Fars... The other forty-nine deputies, many of them landowners, divided into a royalist and a pro-British fraksiun. Not daring to confront public opinion directly, the royalists and pro-British conservatives tried to weaken the government with side skirmishes. https://archive.org/details/iranbetweentwore00abra_0/page/269 U.S. interference Historian Ervand Abrahamian, in an interview with Democracy Now!, said U.S. State Department documents declassified in 2017 reveal that their strategy was to undermine Mohammad Mosaddegh through parliament and that the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) spent a lot of money promoting 18 of the candidates.Abrahamian Ervand Amy Goodman and Juan González Newly Declassified Documents Confirm U.S. Backed 1953 Coup in Iran Over Oil Contracts https://www.democracynow.org/2017/7/24/newly_declassified_documents_confirm_us_backed Democracy Now! 24 July 2017 24 July 2017 References Category:1952 elections in Asia Category:1952 in Iran Category:National Consultative Assembly elections Category:CIA activities in Iran Category:Foreign electoral intervention Category:17th Iranian Majlis Category:Lower house elections in Iran Category:Mohammad Mosaddegh