1991–1992 anti-war protests in Belgrade

none Anti-war protests in Belgrade the Yugoslav Wars Rim-Tuti-Tuki-Gile.jpg 200px Srđan Gojković from Električni Orgazam performing as part of Rimtutituki 1991 – 1992 Belgrade, Serbia, Yugoslavia Serbian role in Yugoslav Wars Battle of Vukovar Siege of Dubrovnik Siege of Sarajevo War propaganda *Withdrawal of the Yugoslav People's Army troops Referendum on a declaration of war Disruption of military conscription Resignation of Slobodan Milošević Freedom of the media Demonstrations, Protests, Protest songs 50,000–200,000 deserters100,000–150,000 conscripts emigrated Center for Antiwar ActionRimtutitukiWomen in BlackHumanitarian Law CenterBelgrade Circle Serbia and Montenegro Government of YugoslaviaSerbia 1991 Government of Serbia Milan MladenovićRambo AmadeusZoran KostićBogdan BogdanovićNataša Kandić Serbia 1991 Slobodan MiloševićSCG Dobrica Ćosić >150,000 protesters Following the rise of nationalism and political tensions, as well as the outbreak of the Yugoslav Wars, numerous anti-war movements developed in Serbia.Udovicki Ridgeway 2000 255–266Fridman 2010http://www.republika.co.rs/492-493/20.html Antiratne i mirovne ideje u istoriji Srbije i antiratni pokreti do 2000. godine 2011 republika.co.rs 4 May 2020 19 March 2022 https://web.archive.org/web/20220319044658/http://www.republika.co.rs/492-493/20.html livehttps://sr.globalvoices.org/2016/08/secanje-na-antiratni-pokret-u-jugoslaviji-pocetkom-1990-ih/ Sećanje na antiratni pokret u Jugoslaviji početkom 1990-ih 2016 globalvoices.org 4 May 2020 25 April 2022 https://web.archive.org/web/20220425112051/https://sr.globalvoices.org/2016/08/secanje-na-antiratni-pokret-u-jugoslaviji-pocetkom-1990-ih/ live The 1991 mass protests against the government of Slobodan Milošević which continued throughout the conflicts reinforced the youth's anti-war orientation.Powers 1997 467 Demonstrations in Belgrade were held mostly because of opposition to the Battle of Vukovar, Siege of Dubrovnik and Siege of Sarajevo,Ženski sud, 2013e-novine http://www.e-novine.com/region/region-hrvatska/19160-Olovka-pie-mrnjom.html?print Olovka piše mržnjom E-novine 18 May 2009 29 July 2016 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194322/http://www.e-novine.com/region/region-hrvatska/19160-Olovka-pie-mrnjom.html?print 6 May 2020 while protesters demanded a referendum on a declaration of war and disruption of military conscription.https://www.vreme.com/cms/view.php?id=592022 Spomenik neznanom dezerteru 2008 Vreme 4 May 2020 5 October 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20211005010352/https://www.vreme.com/cms/view.php?id=592022 liveUdovicki Ridgeway 2000 258 More than 50,000 people participated in many protests, and more than 150,000 people took part in the most massive protest called “The Black Ribbon March” in solidarity with people in Sarajevo.Udovicki Ridgeway 2000 260 It is estimated that between 50,000 and 200,000 people deserted from the Yugoslav People's Army, while between 100,000 and 150,000 people emigrated from Serbia refusing to participate in the war. According to professor Renaud De la Brosse, senior lecturer at the University of Reims and a witness called by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), it is surprising how great the resistance to Milošević's propaganda was among Serbs, given that and the lack of access to alternative news.https://iwpr.net/global-voices/comment-milosevics-propaganda-war Comment: Milosevic's Propaganda War Institute for War and Peace Reporting 5 May 2020 7 June 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200607115109/https://iwpr.net/global-voices/comment-milosevics-propaganda-war live A month after the Battle of Vukovar, opinion polls found that 64% of Serbian people wanted to end the war immediately and only 27% were willing for it to continue.Cigar 1996 40–42 Political scientists Orli Fridman described that not enough attention was given to anti-war activism among scholars studying the breakup of Yugoslavia and the wars, as well as that independent media and anti-war groups from Serbia did not attract the international attention. The main participants The most famous associations and NGOs who marked the anti-war ideas and movements in Serbia were the Center for Antiwar Action, Women in Black, Humanitarian Law Center and Belgrade Circle. The Rimtutituki was a rock supergroup featuring Ekatarina Velika, Električni Orgazam and Partibrejkers members, which was formed at the petition signing against mobilization in Belgrade.https://www.6yka.com/novosti/manje-pucaj-vise-tucaj Manje pucaj, više tucaj 2012 Buka 4 May 2020 7 June 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200607114826/https://www.6yka.com/novosti/manje-pucaj-vise-tucaj live The band organized a concert on the Republic Square and also they performed anti-war songs in an open truck while circulating the Belgrade streets. The most prominent politician who supported protests was Ivan Stambolić. The Democratic Party, People's Peasant Party, Serbian Liberal Party and Reform Party of Serbia took part in the “Black Ribbon March”. The famous architect Bogdan Bogdanović was one of the most prominent anti-war dissident.Udovicki Ridgeway 2000 114 The Belgrade citizens who protested against the Siege of Dubrovnik were joined by prominent artists, composers and actors such as Mirjana Karanović and Rade Šerbedžija, who sang jointly “Neću protiv druga svog” (“I can’t go against my friend”).https://www.hlc-rdc.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Zbornik-III.pdf Regionalna škola tranzicione pravde - Zbornik 2016 Humanitarian Law Center 5 May 2020 118 30 August 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200830182409/http://www.hlc-rdc.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Zbornik-III.pdf live Independent media in Serbia reported on anti-war activities with much difficulty, in contrast to Milošević's propaganda, which was aimed at reviving ethnonational sentiments and mobilizing people. An important role in media coverage was played by the Western-funded electronic media B92 and Studio B.Udovicki Ridgeway 2000 255 One of the more famous scenes during the anti-war protests was a tank parked in front of the Parliament Building, which was returned from the battlefield in Vukovar by soldier Vladimir Živković.https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/spomenik-dezerteru-negde-u-vojvodini/25014961.html Spomenik dezerteru, negde u Vojvodini 2013 Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 5 May 2020 Mihajlović Branka 7 June 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200607114534/https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/spomenik-dezerteru-negde-u-vojvodini/25014961.html live See also 1992 anti-war protests in Sarajevo Concert Yutel for Peace References 18em Books Protest, Power, and Change: An Encyclopedia of Nonviolent Action from ACT-UP to Women's Suffrage Roger S Powers Routledge 1997 9781136764820 Burn This House: The Making and Unmaking of Yugoslavia Jasminka Udovicki James Ridgeway Duke University Press 2000 9781136764820 Durham, North Carolina Cigar Norman Meštrović Stjepan Gabriel Genocide After Emotion: The Post-Emotional Balkan War The Serbo-Croatian War, 1991 Routledge 1996 978-0-415-12293-1 London Journal articles and documents Fridman Orli 'It was like fighting a war with our own people': anti-war activism in Serbia during the 1990s The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity 2010 39 4 507–522 10.1080/00905992.2011.579953 153467930 zenski_sud https://www.zenskisud.org/pdf/Mala%20citanka%20antimilitarizam%20kraj.pdf Kratka istorija antiratnog otpora u Srbiji 1991 – 1992. Ženski sud 2013 6 May 2020 Category:1990s in Belgrade Category:1991 in Serbia Category:1991 protests Category:1992 protests Category:Anti-war protests Category:Organized events in Belgrade Category:Pacifism Category:Protests in Serbia Category:Military history of Belgrade Category:Croatian War of Independence 1991-1992 Belgrade anti-war protests Category:Croatia–Serbia relations Category:Bosnia and Herzegovina–Serbia relations Category:Bosnia and Herzegovina–Croatia relations