2014 Hong Kong protests

Series of sit-in street protests street protests in Hong Kong also known as the Umbrella Movement the related advocacy group in Hong Kong Occupy Central with Love and Peace the related political movement in Hong Kong Umbrella Movement June 2021 June 2021 Umbrella Revolution democratic development in Hong Kong and the Hong Kong–Mainland China conflict Umbrella Revolution in Admiralty Night View 20141010.jpg The Admiralty protest site on the night of 10 October 26 September 2014 – 15 December 2014 (09 26 2014 12 15 2014) Hong Kong: Admiralty (26 September 2014 – 11 December 2014) Causeway Bay (28 September 2014 – 15 December 2014) Mong Kok (28 September 2014 – 25 November 2014) Tsim Sha Tsui (1 October 2014 – 3 October 2014) Standing Committee of the National People's Congress decision on electoral reform regarding future Hong Kong Chief Executive and Legislative Council elections * Genuine universal suffrageTai Benny What Next for Hong Kong? https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/05/opinion/benny-tai-on-why-occupy-central-should-end.html 25 December 2014 The New York Times 4 December 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141205062530/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/05/opinion/benny-tai-on-why-occupy-central-should-end.html live 5 December 2014http://www.dw.de/hong-kong-protesters-reach-new-heights-with-democracy-banner-on-lion-rock/a-18013822 Hong Kong protesters reach new heights with democracy banner on Lion Rock Deutsche Welle 25 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141209193610/http://www.dw.de/hong-kong-protesters-reach-new-heights-with-democracy-banner-on-lion-rock/a-18013822 9 December 2014 liveSevastopulo Demetri Hong Kong group launches civil disobedience campaign https://www.cnbc.com/2014/09/27/hong-kong-protests.html 25 December 2014 Financial Times CNBC 27 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141215110805/http://www.cnbc.com/id/102038462 15 December 2014 live http://www.wantchinatimes.com/news-subclass-cnt.aspx?cid=1101&MainCatID=11&id=20141207000081 Beijing fears compromise with Hong Kong protesters: US scholar 7 December 2014 Want China Times https://web.archive.org/web/20141209053111/http://www.wantchinatimes.com/news-subclass-cnt.aspx?cid=1101&MainCatID=11&id=20141207000081 9 December 2014 dead Retraction of the NPCSC decision Abolition of functional constituencies of Legislative Council of Hong Kong Resignation of Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying Occupations, sit-ins, civil disobedience, mobile street protests, internet activism, hunger strikes, hacking * No changes to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress decision on 2014 Hong Kong electoral reform and rejection of the reform by Legislative Council (the large rejection result of 8 to 28 was caused by errors of Pro-Beijing camp)https://nz.news.yahoo.com/world/a/28511492/young-hong-kongers-seek-new-path-in-democracy-battle/ Young Hong Kongers seek new path in democracy battle Yahoo! dead https://web.archive.org/web/20150621102527/https://nz.news.yahoo.com/world/a/28511492/young-hong-kongers-seek-new-path-in-democracy-battle/ 21 June 2015 Suffragists launched mobile street protests in various areas after clearance operations Localism and independence movement rises, leading to further protests in 2019 The Hong Kong government promises to submit a "New Occupy report" to the Chinese Central governmenthttp://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=150623&sid=43206834&con_type=3 New Occupy report to Beijing promised Lau Kenneth Kevin Cheng 22 October 2014 The Standard 17 December 2014 Hong Kong https://web.archive.org/web/20141217153402/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=150623&sid=43206834&con_type=3 17 December 2014 dead Umbrella Revolution icon 3.svg Umbrella Movement Protesters HKFS logo.svg Hong Kong Federation of Students Scholarism Occupy Central with Love and Peace Civic Passion Yellow ribbon.svg Pro-democracy camp Authorities Hong Kong Government of Hong Kong Hong Kong Police Force China Government of China Flag of the Chinese Communist Party.svg Chinese Communist Party Anti-occupy movement Alliance for Peace and Democracy Silent Majority for Hong Kong Voice of Loving Hong Kong Caring Hong Kong Power Justice Alliance ChinaFlag of the Chinese Communist Party.svg Pro-Beijing camp Triadshttps://time.com/3464206/blue-ribbon-protestors-occupy-hong-kong-china-democracy-triads/ Hong Kong Government Accused of Using Triads to Attack Student Protesters Rishi Iyengar 4 October 2014 Time https://web.archive.org/web/20150118071526/http://time.com/3464206/blue-ribbon-protestors-occupy-hong-kong-china-democracy-triads/ 18 January 2015 live Sun Yee On Wo Shing Wo * Alex Chow Lester Shum Joshua Wong Nathan Law Benny Tai Chan Kin-man Chu Yiu-ming Agnes Chow Edward Leung Denise Ho * Leung Chun-ying Carrie Lam Rimsky Yuen Andy Tsang Robert Chow 470+ (as of 29 Nov)zh:高永文：因佔領而求診逾470宗急症室有壓力 http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20141129/53178553 Apple Daily 15 December 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141207130508/http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20141129/53178553 7 December 2014 live 955955 arrested for Occupy offences http://www.news.gov.hk/en/categories/law_order/html/2014/12/20141215_160122.shtml Government of Hong Kong 15 December 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141227014559/http://www.news.gov.hk/en/categories/law_order/html/2014/12/20141215_160122.shtml 27 December 2014 live 75 turned themselves in Injuries and arrests yes collapsible background-color:#CEE0F2; font-size:100%; padding-left:3em; Sites of significant protests Hong Kong urban core 300 none center Legend: 8px represents the Occupied Area of the Admiralty8px represents the occupied area of Causeway Bay8px represents the Occupy Area of Mong Kok8px represents the Occupied Area of Tsim Sha Tsui Sites of significant protests Hong Kong urban core 22.280792 114.165578 Yellow pog.svg white top Tamar Hong Kong urban core 22.280792 114.163 Yellow pog.svg white bottom Admiralty Hong Kong urban core 22.281894 114.160824 Yellow pog.svg white left Central Hong Kong urban core 22.2791885 114.1670685 Yellow pog.svg white right Wan Chai Hong Kong urban core 22.3192 114.1694 Blue 00ffff pog.svg white Mong Kok Hong Kong urban core 22.315 114.168 Blue 00ffff pog.svg white Yau Ma Tei Hong Kong urban core 22.280292 114.1844441 Red pog.svg white Causeway Bay Hong Kong urban core 22.297910 114.168872 Black pog.svg left white Tsim Sha Tsui Umbrella Revolution 雨傘革命 雨伞革命 Yúh saan gaak mihng jyu5 saan3 gaak3 ming6 j yu 5 - s aan 3 - g aak 3 - m ing 6 Yǔsǎn gémìng Yǔ-sǎn gé-mìng Yü3-san3 ko2-ming4 yu 3 . s an 3 - g e 2 . m ing 4 ㄩˇ ㄙㄢˇ ㄍㄜˊ ㄇㄧㄥˋ Yue5saan3 gaak3ming6 Umbrella Movement 雨傘運動 雨伞运动 Yúh saan wahn duhng jyu5 saan3 wan6 dung6 j yu 5 - s aan 3 - w an 6 - d ung 6 Yǔsǎn yùndòng Yǔ-sǎn yùn-dòng Yü3-san3 yün4-tung4 yu 3 . s an 3 - yun 4 . d ong 4 ㄩˇ ㄙㄢˇ ㄩㄣˋ ㄉㄨㄥˋ Yue5saan3 wan6dung6 Occupy Movement 佔領行動 占领行动 Jim líhng hàhng duhng zim6 ling5 hang4 dung6 z im 6 - l ing 5 - h ang 4 - d ung 6 Zhànlǐng xíngdòng Jhàn-lǐng síng-dòng Chan4-ling3 hsing2-tung4 zh an 4 . l ing 3 - x ing 2 . d ong 4 ㄓㄢˋ ㄌㄧㄥˇ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄨㄥˋ Zim3ling5 hang4dung6 A series of sit-in street protests, often called the Umbrella Revolution and sometimes used interchangeably with Umbrella Movement, or Occupy Movement, occurred in Hong Kong from 26 September to 15 December 2014.Kaiman Jonathan Hong Kong's umbrella revolution – the Guardian briefing https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/30/-sp-hong-kong-umbrella-revolution-pro-democracy-protests The Guardian 7 March 2015 30 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20170801161153/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/30/-sp-hong-kong-umbrella-revolution-pro-democracy-protests 1 August 2017 liveIyengar Rishi 6 Questions You Might Have About Hong Kong's Umbrella Revolution https://time.com/3471366/hong-kong-umbrella-revolution-occupy-central-democracy-explainer-6-questions/ Time 7 March 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20181101013031/http://time.com/3471366/hong-kong-umbrella-revolution-occupy-central-democracy-explainer-6-questions/ 1 November 2018 live The protests began after the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC) issued a decision regarding proposed reforms to the Hong Kong electoral system. The decision was widely seen to be highly restrictive, and tantamount to the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)'s pre-screening of the candidates for the Chief Executive of Hong Kong.Cheung Tony 31 August 2014 Hong Kong's candidate nominating system out of balance, says Beijing scholar South China Morning Post https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1582079/beijing-scholar-says-hong-kongs-candidate-nominating-system-out https://web.archive.org/web/20180929080302/https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1582079/beijing-scholar-says-hong-kongs-candidate-nominating-system-out 29 September 2018 5 October 2025 live Students led a strike against the NPCSC's decision beginning on 22 September 2014, and the Hong Kong Federation of Students and Scholarism started protesting outside the government headquarters on 26 September 2014.https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29306128 Thousands of Hong Kong students start week-long boycott BBC News 29 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150317190828/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29306128 17 March 2015 live 22 September 2014 On 28 September, events developed rapidly. The Occupy Central with Love and Peace movement announced the beginning of their civil disobedience campaign.https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29390770 Hong Kong police clear pro-democracy protesters BBC News 3 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141207080209/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29390770 7 December 2014 live 27 September 2014 Students and other members of the public demonstrated outside government headquarters, and some began to occupy several major city intersections.http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-08/31/c_133609238.htm Full text of NPC decision on universal suffrage for HKSAR chief selection Xinhua News Agency 31 August 2014 31 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150428015506/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-08/31/c_133609238.htm 28 April 2015 dead Protesters blocked both east–west arterial routes in northern Hong Kong Island near Admiralty. Police tactics – including the use of tear gas – and triad attacks on protesters led more citizens to join the protests and to occupy Causeway Bay and Mong Kok. The number of protesters peaked at more than 100,000 at any given time, overwhelming the police thus causing containment errors.http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/hsbc-laura-cha-sparks-outrage-comparing-hong-kong-voting-rights-u-s-slaves-article-1.1995397 HSBC's Laura Cha sparks outrage comparing wait for Hong Kong voting rights to that of U.S. slaves Daily News November 2014 New York 4 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141207062751/http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/hsbc-laura-cha-sparks-outrage-comparing-hong-kong-voting-rights-u-s-slaves-article-1.1995397 7 December 2014 live Government officials in Hong Kong and in Beijing denounced the occupation as "illegal" and a "violation of the rule of law", and Chinese state media and officials alleged that the West had played an "instigating" role in the protests, and warned of "deaths and injuries and other grave consequences." The protests precipitated a rift in Hong Kong society, and galvanised youth – a previously apolitical section of society – into political activism or heightened awareness of their civil rights and responsibilities. Not only were there fist fights at occupation sites and flame wars on social media — family members found themselves on different sides of the conflict. Key areas in Admiralty, Causeway Bay and Mong Kok were occupied and remained closed to traffic for 77 days. Despite numerous incidents of intimidation and violence by triads and thugs, particularly in Mong Kok, and several attempts at clearance by the police, suffragists held their ground for over two months. After the Mong Kok occupation site was cleared with some scuffles on 25 November, Admiralty and Causeway Bay were cleared with no opposition on 11 and 14 December, respectively. The Hong Kong government's use of the police and courts to resolve political issues led to accusations that these institutions had been turned into political tools, thereby compromising the police and judicial system in the territory and eroding the rule of law in favour of "rule by law".http://chinaworker.info/en/2014/10/01/8245/ Hong Kong: Massive anti-government protests after attempted police crackdown chinaworker.info 30 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141130111050/http://chinaworker.info/en/2014/10/01/8245/ 30 November 2014 live http://www.businessspectator.com.au/article/2014/12/15/china/mixed-legacy-hong-kongs-umbrella-movement Mixed legacy for Hong Kong's Umbrella Movement Business Spectator https://web.archive.org/web/20150227095545/http://www.businessspectator.com.au/article/2014/12/15/china/mixed-legacy-hong-kongs-umbrella-movement 27 February 2015 live 15 December 2014 http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-hong-kong-police-charge-leaves-protesters-injured-2014-10 Hong Kong police charge leaves protesters injured Mannering Laura 18 October 2014 Business Insider https://web.archive.org/web/20150227092621/http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-hong-kong-police-charge-leaves-protesters-injured-2014-10 27 February 2015 live https://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-hong-kong-protests-20141209-story.html Makinen Julie Hong Kong police to remove protesters from streets after court order Los Angeles Times 9 December 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150219134232/http://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-hong-kong-protests-20141209-story.html 19 February 2015 live At times violent police action during the occupation was widely perceived to have damaged the reputation of what was once recognised as one of the most efficient, honest and impartial police forces in the Asia Pacific region.https://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-polices-use-of-tear-gas-during-protests-hurts-reputation-of-asias-finest-1412398431 Hong Kong Police's Use of Tear Gas During Protests Hurts Reputation of 'Asia's Finest' Chen Te-Ping Luk Lorraine Ho Prudence 4 October 2014 The Wall Street Journal 4 March 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20190814050305/https://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-polices-use-of-tear-gas-during-protests-hurts-reputation-of-asias-finest-1412398431 14 August 2019 live The protests ended without any political concessions from the government, but instead triggered rhetoric from Chief Executive of Hong Kong Leung Chun-ying and mainland officials about rule of law and patriotism, and an assault on academic freedoms and civil liberties of activists.https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-01-19/hong-kong-creates-cadets-modeled-after-pla-china-daily-says Hong Kong Creates Cadets Modeled After PLA, China Daily Says Hwee Ann Tan 19 January 2015 Bloomberg L.P. https://web.archive.org/web/20171001123410/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-01-19/hong-kong-creates-cadets-modeled-after-pla-china-daily-says 1 October 2017 4 March 2017 liveLau, Kenneth (13 February 2015). "Leung denies torpedoing uni selection" https://web.archive.org/web/20150213102502/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?we_cat=11&art_id=154279&sid=43887756&con_type=3&d_str=20150213&fc=8 13 February 2015 . The Standard.http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20150212/53429851 zh:傳政府阻港大陳文敏升職 羅范：點會重蹈覆轍 Apple Daily zh https://web.archive.org/web/20150214081457/http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20150212/53429851 14 February 2015 live Background Democratic development in Hong Kong 2014 Hong Kong electoral reform Political background As a result of negotiations and the 1984 agreement between China and Britain, Hong Kong was returned to China and became its first Special Administrative Region on 1 July 1997, under the principle of "one country, two systems". Hong Kong has a different political system from mainland China. Hong Kong's independent judiciary functions under the common law framework.http://www.basiclaw.gov.hk/en/basiclawtext/chapter_4.html#section_4 Basic Law, Chapter IV, Section 4 Basic Law Promotion Steering Committee https://web.archive.org/web/20141230190055/http://www.basiclaw.gov.hk/en/basiclawtext/chapter_4.html 30 December 2014 live Russell Peter H. David M. O'Brien Judicial Independence in the Age of Democracy: Critical Perspectives from around the World 2001 University of Virginia Press 978-0-8139-2016-0 306 https://archive.org/details/judicia_xxx_2001_00_3450/page/306 The Hong Kong Basic Law, the constitutional document drafted by the Chinese side before the handover based on the terms enshrined in the Joint Declaration,http://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/foreign-affairs-committee/news/hong-kong-tor/ The UK's relations with Hong Kong: 30 years after Joint Declaration UK Parliament 26 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141113113259/http://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/foreign-affairs-committee/news/hong-kong-tor/ 13 November 2014 live governs its political system, and stipulates that Hong Kong shall have a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign relations and military defence.Ghai Yash P. Autonomy and Ethnicity: Negotiating Competing Claims in Multi-ethnic States https://archive.org/details/autonomyethnicit00ghai limited 2000 Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-78642-3 92–97 The declaration stipulates that the region maintain its capitalist economic system and guarantees the rights and freedoms of its people for at least 50 years after the 1997 handover. The guarantees over the territory's autonomy and the individual rights and freedoms are enshrined in the Hong Kong Basic Law, which outlines the system of governance of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, but which is subject to the interpretation of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC).http://www.basiclaw.gov.hk/en/basiclawtext/chapter_8.html Basic Law, Chapter VIII Basic Law Promotion Steering Committee 10 November 2009 8 December 2009 https://web.archive.org/web/20091208080505/http://www.basiclaw.gov.hk/en/basiclawtext/chapter_8.html deadChen Wenmin H. L. Fu Yash P. Ghai Hong Kong's Constitutional Debate: Conflict Over Interpretation 2000 Hong Kong University Press 978-962-209-509-0 235–236 The leader of Hong Kong, the Chief Executive, was at the time elected by a 1200-member Election Committee, though Article 45 of the Basic Law states that "the ultimate aim is the selection of the Chief Executive by universal suffrage upon nomination by a broadly representative nominating committee in accordance with democratic procedures."HK basic law web pdf. "HK basic law https://web.archive.org/web/20080912042844/http://www.info.gov.hk/basic_law/fulltext/Basic_Law.pdf 12 September 2008 ." The Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative region of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 8 January 2007. A 2007 decision by the Standing Committee opened the possibility of selecting the Chief Executive via universal suffrage in the 2017 Chief Executive election,Methods for Selecting the Chief Executive in 2017 and for Forming the Legislative Council in 2016 Consultation Document The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government 2013 3 http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr13-14/english/panels/ca/papers/ca1209-cdoc20131204-e.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20191102142642/https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr13-14/english/panels/ca/papers/ca1209-cdoc20131204-e.pdf 2 November 2019 26 October 2014 live and the first round of consultations to implement the needed electoral reforms ran for five months in early 2014. Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying then, per procedure, submitted a report to the Standing Committee inviting them to deliberate whether it is necessary to amend the method of selection of the Chief Executive.LC: Statement by CS on "Consultation Document on the Methods for Selecting the Chief Executive in 2017 and for Forming the Legislative Council in 2016" http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201312/04/P201312040525.htm Information Services Department https://web.archive.org/web/20190901204341/https://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201312/04/P201312040525.htm 1 September 2019 26 October 2014 live As early as January 2013, legal scholar Benny Tai published an article by launching a non-violent civil disobedience of occupying Central if the government's proposal failed to satisfy the "international standards in relation to universal suffrage".http://www.hkej.com/template/dailynews/jsp/detail.jsp?dnews_id=3609&cat_id=6&title_id=571297&txtSearch=%E6%88%B4%E8%80%80%E5%BB%B7 Hong Kong Economic Journal zh:公民抗命的最大殺傷力武器 27 March 2013 1 April 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200401125739/http://www.hkej.com/template/dailynews/jsp/detail.jsp?dnews_id=3609&cat_id=6&title_id=571297&txtSearch=%E6%88%B4%E8%80%80%E5%BB%B7 dead A group called the Occupy Central with Love and Peace (OCLP) was formed in March 2013 and held rounds of deliberations on the electoral reform proposals and strategies. In June 2014, the OCLP conducted a "civic referendum" on its own electoral reform proposal in which 792,808 residents, equivalent to over one fifth of the registered electorate, participated.http://www.elections.gov.hk/legco2016/eng/turnout.html?1507448322993 2016 Legislative Council Election Electoral Affairs Commission, Hong Kong Government 8 October 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20171008130735/http://www.elections.gov.hk/legco2016/eng/turnout.html?1507448322993 8 October 2017 live In June 2014, the State Council issued a white paper called The Practice of the 'One Country, Two Systems' Policy in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region claiming "comprehensive jurisdiction" over the territory.Yung, Chester (10 June 2014). "China Reminds Hong Kong of Its Control" https://web.archive.org/web/20191014161742/https://www.wsj.com/articles/china-reminds-hong-kong-of-its-control-1402411342 14 October 2019 . The Wall Street Journal. "The high degree of autonomy of the HKSAR [Hong Kong Special Administrative Region] is not full autonomy, nor a decentralised power," it said. "It is the power to run local affairs as authorised by the central leadership."Hong Kong's unofficial pro-democracy referendum irks Beijing https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/25/hong-kong-unofficial-pro-democracy-referendum-beijing Jonathan Kaiman 25 June 2014 The Guardian https://web.archive.org/web/20200401125723/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/25/hong-kong-unofficial-pro-democracy-referendum-beijing 1 April 2020 25 March 2018 live Standing Committee decision on electoral reform 2014 NPCSC Decision on Hong Kong On 31 August 2014, the tenth session of the Standing Committee in the twelfth National People's Congress set limits for the 2016 Legislative Council election and 2017 Chief Executive election. While notionally allowing for universal suffrage, the decision imposes the standard that "the Chief Executive shall be a person who loves the country and loves Hong Kong," and stipulates "the method for selecting the Chief Executive by universal suffrage must provide corresponding institutional safeguards for this purpose". The decision states that for the 2017 Chief Executive election, a nominating committee, mirroring the present 1200-member Election Committee be formed to nominate two to three candidates, each of whom must receive the support of more than half of the members of the nominating committee. After popular election of one of the nominated candidates, the Chief Executive-elect "will have to be appointed by the Central People's Government." The process of forming the 2016 Legislative Council would be unchanged, but following the new process for the election of the Chief Executive, a new system to elect the Legislative Council via universal suffrage would be developed with the approval of Beijing. The Standing Committee decision is set to be the basis for electoral reform crafted by the Legislative Council. Hundreds of suffragists gathered on the night of the Beijing announcement near the government offices to protest the decision.http://www.ibtimes.com/pro-democracy-protests-erupt-hong-kong-over-controversial-electoral-decision-1675068 Pro-Democracy Protests Erupt in Hong Kong Over Controversial Electoral Decision 1 September 2014 International Business Times https://web.archive.org/web/20141220160848/http://www.ibtimes.com/pro-democracy-protests-erupt-hong-kong-over-controversial-electoral-decision-1675068 20 December 2014 dead In an opinion poll carried out by the Chinese University of Hong Kong between 8 and 15 October 2014, only 36.1% of 802 people surveyed accepted the NPCSC's decision. The acceptance rate rose to 55.6% on the proviso that the HKSAR Government would propose democratising the nominating committee after the planned second phase of public consultation.http://www.com.cuhk.edu.hk/ccpos/images/news/20141022-eng.pdf Public Opinion & Political Development in Hong Kong Survey Results (Press Release) 22 October 2014 5 September 2016 Chinese University of Hong Kong https://web.archive.org/web/20141031094743/http://www.com.cuhk.edu.hk/ccpos/images/news/20141022-eng.pdf 31 October 2014 dead Events July 2014 In an atmosphere of growing discontent,Chan Kelvin https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/hong-kong-braces-for-big-democracy-rally-opposing-chinas-limits-on-vote/article19390361/ Hong Kong braces for big democracy rally opposing China's limits on vote The Globe and Mail 30 June 2014 19 August 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20200401125725/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/hong-kong-braces-for-big-democracy-rally-opposing-chinas-limits-on-vote/article19390361/ 1 April 2020 live the annual 1 July protest march attracted the biggest numbers in a decade and ended in an overnight sit-in in Central with 5,000 police conducting over 500 arrests.https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-07-01/thousands-to-protest-on-anniversary-of-hong-kong-return-to-china.html H.K. Police Clear Protesters After Decade's Biggest Rally 2 July 2014 Bloomberg 14 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20200604063116/https://www.bloomberg.com/tosv2.html?vid=&uuid=fe058d50-a62c-11ea-a8e1-776166339880&url=L25ld3MvMjAxNC0wNy0wMS90aG91c2FuZHMtdG8tcHJvdGVzdC1vbi1hbm5pdmVyc2FyeS1vZi1ob25nLWtvbmctcmV0dXJuLXRvLWNoaW5hLmh0bWw= 4 June 2020 livehttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-28122434 Hong Kong police arrest democracy protesters at sit-in BBC 2 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20200401125727/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-28122434 1 April 2020 21 June 2018 live September 2014 Initial protests At a gathering in Hong Kong on 1 September to explain the NPCSC decision of 31 August, deputy secretary general Li Fei said that the procedure would protect the broad stability of Hong Kong now and in the future. Pro-democracy advocates said the decision was a betrayal of the principle of "one man, one vote," in that candidates deemed unsuitable by the Beijing authorities would be pre-emptively screened out by the mechanism, a point from which Li did not resile while maintaining that the process was "democratic". About 100 suffragists attended the gathering, and some were ejected for heckling. Police broke up a group of demonstrators protesting outside the hotel where Li was staying, arresting 19 people for illegal assembly.http://www.ibtimes.com/hong-kong-protesters-agitating-against-chinas-volte-face-arrested-1675406 Hong Kong Protesters Agitating Against China's Volte-Face Arrested 2 September 2014 International Business Times https://web.archive.org/web/20141220160944/http://www.ibtimes.com/hong-kong-protesters-agitating-against-chinas-volte-face-arrested-1675406 20 December 2014 live In response to the NPCSC decision, the Democratic Party legislators promised to veto the framework for both elections as being inherently undemocratic; Occupy Central with Love and Peace (OCLP) announced that it would organise civil disobedience protests and its three convenors led the Black Banner protest march on 14 September 2014 from Causeway Bay to Central.https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/01/world/asia/hong-kong-elections.html China Restricts Voting Reforms for Hong Kong The New York Times 31 August 2014 Buckley, Chris Forsythe, Michael https://web.archive.org/web/20150227110910/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/01/world/asia/hong-kong-elections.html?_r=0 27 February 2015 live On 13 September 2014, representatives of Scholarism, including 17-year-old Agnes Chow Ting, staged a small protest against the NPCSC decision outside the Central Government Offices and announced a class boycott for university students for the week commencing 22 September. Alex Chow encouraged students unable to join in to wear a yellow ribbon to signify their support.Young Post 22 September 2014 Scholarism will organise a one-day class boycott for secondary school students on September 26 https://yp.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/90787/scholarism-will-organise-one-day-class-boycott-secondary-school https://web.archive.org/web/20171012100645/http://yp.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/90787/scholarism-will-organise-one-day-class-boycott-secondary-school dead 12 October 2017 12 October 2017 The Hong Kong Federation of Students (HKFS) (representing tertiary students) and Scholarism mobilised students for the class boycott, beginning with a rally attracting 13,000 students on the Chinese University of Hong Kong campus on the afternoon of 22 September.http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/kyodo-news-international/140908/snitch-line-operation-against-school-boycotters-hk 'Snitch line' in operation against school boycotters in H.K. GlobalPost https://web.archive.org/web/20141007013139/http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/kyodo-news-international/140908/snitch-line-operation-against-school-boycotters-hk 7 October 2014 dead https://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-students-to-boycott-classes-if-democracy-demands-arent-met-1408621259 Hong Kong Students to Boycott Classes If Democracy Demands Aren't Met Yung, Chester Ngai, Edward 21 August 2014 The Wall Street Journal https://web.archive.org/web/20150627014417/http://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-students-to-boycott-classes-if-democracy-demands-arent-met-1408621259 27 June 2015 live South China Morning Post Lam Jeffie Cheung Tony The Boycott Begins: thousands of students stage classroom walkout over Beijing's reform plan 22 September 2017 thumb|Police officers surround the students protesting at Civic Square (27 September) Scholarism organised a protest gathering by school students at the large Tamar Park, an integral part of the Government Headquarters complex, applying for permission from the responsible government department to occupy the part from 23 to 26 September. Permission was granted only for the first three days, the fourth day being reserved for a virtually unattended pro-Beijing rally.Kong Tsung-gan (pseudonym of Brian Patrick Kern) Umbrella: a Political Tale from Hong Kong 2017 Pema Press 9780997238532 United States17 Then having received a "notice of no objection" from the police to assemble for the 24 hours of 26 September 2014 on the relatively little-used Tim Mei Avenue, the students moved there in their hundreds, blocking traffic near the eastern entrance of the Central Government Offices.http://www.dbc.hk/radio2/focus-detail/Id/11079/type/10/%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E4%BD%94%E4%B8%AD%E6%8C%87%E7%8F%BE%E6%99%82%E6%94%BF%E7%B8%BD%E9%9B%86%E6%9C%83%E5%90%88%E6%B3%95 Letter of No Objection from the Central District Police dbc https://web.archive.org/web/20150320132816/http://www.dbc.hk/radio2/focus-detail/Id/11079/type/10/%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E4%BD%94%E4%B8%AD%E6%8C%87%E7%8F%BE%E6%99%82%E6%94%BF%E7%B8%BD%E9%9B%86%E6%9C%83%E5%90%88%E6%B3%95 20 March 2015 dead At around 22:30, responding to calls from, first, Joshua Wong, the Convenor of Scholarism, and then Nathan Law, and led by Wong, up to 100 protesters went to "reclaim" Civic Square, a customarily open but recently closed public access area, by clambering over the perimeter fence.19http://www.businessinsider.com/joshua-wong-reportedly-arrested-in-hong-kong-2014-9 REPORT: Hong Kong's 17-Year-Old 'Extremist' Student Leader Arrested During Massive Democracy Protest Jacobs Harrison 27 September 2014 Business Insider https://web.archive.org/web/20150109034818/http://www.businessinsider.com/joshua-wong-reportedly-arrested-in-hong-kong-2014-9 9 January 2015 live Wong was almost immediately arrested,20 as police deployed pepper spray on those entering the square.19 The police surrounded protesters at the centre and prepared to remove them overnight.http://news2.mingpao.com/pns/%E7%BD%B7%E8%AA%B2%E8%AE%8A%E8%A1%9D%E6%93%8A%20%E9%BB%83%E4%B9%8B%E9%8B%92%E8%A2%AB%E6%8D%95-%E8%83%A1%E6%A4%92%E5%99%B4%E9%9C%A7%E5%B0%84%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%B8%E7%94%9F/web_tc/article/20140927/s00001/1411755553148 Class Boycott turned violent, Joshua Wong arrested zh:罷課變衝擊 黃之鋒被捕 Ming Pao zh 27 September 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140928083939/http://news2.mingpao.com/pns/%E7%BD%B7%E8%AA%B2%E8%AE%8A%E8%A1%9D%E6%93%8A%20%E9%BB%83%E4%B9%8B%E9%8B%92%E8%A2%AB%E6%8D%95-%E8%83%A1%E6%A4%92%E5%99%B4%E9%9C%A7%E5%B0%84%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%B8%E7%94%9F/web_tc/article/20140927/s00001/1411755553148 28 September 2014 Campbell, Charlie; Barber, Elizabeth (27 September 2014). "Pro-Democracy Students Storm Government Square in Hong Kong" https://web.archive.org/web/20190313044822/https://time.com/3434099/protest-arrested-hong-kong-democracy-students-occupy-central/ 13 March 2019 . Time. Archived from the original on 27 January 2015 Protesters who chose to depart were allowed to do so; the rest were picked off and carried away one by one by groups of four or more police officers. By midnight of 26/27 September, 13 people had been arrested including Joshua Wong. Wong was held for 46 hours, released by police at 20:30 on 28 September20 only upon his writ of habeas corpus being granted by the High Court.https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/10/02/joshua-wong-hong-kong-protests/16597653/ Meet the 17-year-old face of Hong Kong's protests 2 October 2014 USA Today https://web.archive.org/web/20141223175532/http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2014/10/02/joshua-wong-hong-kong-protests/16597653/ 23 December 2014 Calum MacLeod Alia E. Dastagir live At 1:20 am (of 27 September), the police used pepper spray on a crowd that had gathered outside the Legislative Council, another part of the same complex, and some students were injured. At 1:30 pm on 27 September, the police carried out the second round of clearance, and 48 men and 13 women were arrested for forcible entry into government premises and unlawful assemblyhttp://7thspace.com/headlines/488827/police_arrest_61_people_for_unlawful_assembly.html Police arrest 61 people for unlawful assembly 7thspace https://web.archive.org/web/20141006093841/http://7thspace.com/headlines/488827/police_arrest_61_people_for_unlawful_assembly.html 6 October 2014 live and one man was alleged to be carrying an offensive weapon. A police spokesman declared the assembly outside the Central Government Complex at Tim Mei Avenue illegal, and advised citizens to avoid the area. The arrested demonstrators, including Legislative Councillor Leung Kwok-hung and some HKFS members, were released around 9 pm. HKFS representatives Alex Chow and Lester Shum were, however, detained for 30 hours.https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2014/10/02/hong_kong_protest_leaders_who_are_the_people_behind_the_movement.html Hong Kong protest leaders: Who are the people behind the movement? Toronto Star https://web.archive.org/web/20141210060359/http://www.thestar.com/news/world/2014/10/02/hong_kong_protest_leaders_who_are_the_people_behind_the_movement.html 10 December 2014 live The police eventually cleared the assembly, arresting a total of 78 people.https://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/28/world/asia/china-hong-kong-students/ Hong Kong pro-democracy protesters jam city streets 28 September 2014 CNN https://web.archive.org/web/20150118201310/http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/28/world/asia/china-hong-kong-students 18 January 2015 live http://www.nanzao.com/tc/hk/39008/zhan-zhong-zheng-shi-qi-dong-te-shou-reng-wei-fa-yan zh:佔中正式啟動 特首仍未發言 Occupy Central Begins, Chief Executive Silent South China Morning Post zh https://web.archive.org/web/20141101220814/http://www.nanzao.com/tc/hk/39008/zhan-zhong-zheng-shi-qi-dong-te-shou-reng-wei-fa-yan 1 November 2014 dead Occupy Central Occupy Central with Love and Peace had been expected to start their occupation on 1 October, but this was accelerated to capitalise on the mass student presence. At 1:40 am on Sunday, 28 September, Benny Tai, one of the founders of OCLP, announced its commencement at a rally near the Central Government Complex.http://www.straitstimes.com/news/asia/east-asia/story/hong-kong-occupy-leader-benny-tai-admits-protest-out-control-amid-traffic- Hong Kong 'Occupy' leader Benny Tai admits protest out of control amid traffic paralysis The Straits Times 28 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141228122902/http://www.straitstimes.com/news/asia/east-asia/story/hong-kong-occupy-leader-benny-tai-admits-protest-out-control-amid-traffic- 28 December 2014 live https://www.wsj.com/articles/occupy-central-launches-hong-kong-protest-campaign-1411848966 Occupy Central Launches Hong Kong Protest Campaign The Wall Street Journal https://web.archive.org/web/20150111215457/http://www.wsj.com/articles/occupy-central-launches-hong-kong-protest-campaign-1411848966 11 January 2015 Isabella Steger 27 September 2014 live thumb|10.45 am 28 September 2014 – Yellow ribbons adorn Civic Square fence after protestors ejected by Hong Kong Police Later that morning, protests escalated as police blocked roads and bridges entering Tim Mei Avenue. Protest leaders urged citizens to come to Admiralty to encircle the police.http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20140929/00176_015.html zh:打游擊反包圍攻陷金鐘 Protesters gather at Admiralty Oriental Daily News zh 29 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141002020625/http://orientaldaily.on.cc/cnt/news/20140929/00176_015.html 2 October 2014 live Tensions rose at the junction of Tim Mei Avenue and Harcourt Road after the police used pepper spray on protesters. At around 4 pm on 28 September 2014, the footpaths of Harcourt Road could no longer contain the large numbers of demonstrators who were streaming to the location in support of those facing police pressure on Tim Mei Avenue. They spilled onto the busy artery in an irresistible surge, and traffic came to an abrupt halt. Occupy Central had begun.Kong Tsung-gan Umbrella; A Political Tale from Hong Kong 2017 Pema Press United States 9780997238532 thumb|Mask and ribbon-equipped democracy protester, Civic Party committee member and former legislator Audrey Eu interviewed on Lung Wui Rd near Tim Mei Ave, 10.53 am 28 September 2014 thumb|The "Umbrella Man" photo as police dispersed peaceful demonstrators with tear gas. As night fell, armed riot police advanced from Wan Chai towards Admiralty and unfurled a banner that stated "WARNING, TEAR SMOKE". Seconds later, between 17:58 and 18:01, shots of tear gas were fired.https://www.scmp.com/comment/blogs/article/1603783/six-hours-admiralty First night of Occupy Central: My six hours in Admiralty South China Morning Post 29 September 2014 29 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140930211947/http://www.scmp.com/comment/blogs/article/1603783/six-hours-admiralty 30 September 2014 livehttp://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20140928/52953973 Police fired at least 3 teargas canisters Apple Daily https://web.archive.org/web/20150318235607/http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20140928/52953973 18 March 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1603350/police-fire-tear-gas-and-baton-charge-thousands-occupy-central Police fire tear gas and baton charge thousands of Occupy Central protesters South China Morning Post 28 September 2014 29 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20140929110238/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1603350/police-fire-tear-gas-and-baton-charge-thousands-occupy-central 29 September 2014 live Then, the police gave them the above-mentioned message and a different message of "DISPERSE OR WE FIRE" concurrently.罕有使用真汽油彈 防暴演練　警隨時向示威者開槍 https://web.archive.org/web/20181119173337/https://hk.news.appledaily.com/local/daily/article/20140726/18812646 19 November 2018 Apple Daily. 26 July 2014.http://www.appledaily.com.tw/realtimenews/article/new/20140930/479002/ zh:博訊：港特首等5人策劃開槍 準備死500人 Taiwan Apple Daily 30 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150121030915/http://www.appledaily.com.tw/realtimenews/article/new/20140930/479002/ 21 January 2015 21 November 2018 live At around 19:00,https://www.facebook.com/video.php?v=303813343144074&set=vb.186040714921338&type=2&theater zh:19:00 警員在夏慤道出示開槍警告 i-Cable News 28 September 2014 Facebook zh i-CABLE News Channel (Hong Kong) https://web.archive.org/web/20190918231240/https://www.facebook.com/icablenews/videos/303813343144074/ 18 September 2019 21 November 2018 liveAugust 2021 the police began telling them to "move back (向後褪)" and pointed Remington Model 870s at them.HKG mimi zh:香港警方向市民放催淚彈, 舉起長槍(雷明登870霰彈槍)指向民眾 0:52 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DHg4y_2BSVI&t=52s YouTube TVB News 29 September 2014 zh 21 November 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20200901084513/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DHg4y_2BSVI&t=52s 1 September 2020 live Around 6 hours later, Leung Chun-ying denied gunshots made by the police.行政長官向全港巿民發表談話 https://web.archive.org/web/20181026024639/https://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201409/29/P201409290044.htm 26 October 2018 Government of Hong Kong. 29 September 2014. thumb|thumbtime=2:00|left|28 September 2014, evening – Tear gas fired on protestors outside government headquarters The heavy-handed policing, including the use of tear gas on peaceful protesters, inspired tens of thousands of citizens to join the protests in Admiralty that night.https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/umbrella-revolution-brings-hong-kong-to-a-halt-in-push-for-democracy/article20823168/ 'Umbrella Revolution' brings Hong Kong to a halt in push for democracy The Globe and Mail https://web.archive.org/web/20150629183636/http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/07/world/asia/hong-kong-police-public-trust/ 29 June 2015 Toronto dead https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29405195 Hong Kong: Protesters defiant amid stand-off BBC News https://web.archive.org/web/20150221111859/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29405195 21 February 2015 live 29 September 2014 "Hong Kong protests: 'People will be asking in 10 years, 20 years, where were you?'" https://web.archive.org/web/20150219141546/http://www.smh.com.au/world/hong-kong-protests-people-will-be-asking-in-10-years-20-years-where-were-you-20141009-10rtau.html 19 February 2015 . The Sydney Morning Herald, 9 October 2014. Containment errors by the police – the closure of Tamar Park and Admiralty station – caused a spill-over to other parts of the city, including Wan Chai, Causeway Bay and Mong Kok.http://www.straitstimes.com/news/asia/east-asia/story/hong-kong-protest-spreads-new-site-across-harbour-mongkok-kowloon-20140929 Hong Kong protest spreads to new site across harbour, Mongkok in Kowloon Li Xueying 29 September 2014 The Straits Times https://web.archive.org/web/20150110072958/http://www.straitstimes.com/news/asia/east-asia/story/hong-kong-protest-spreads-new-site-across-harbour-mongkok-kowloon-20140929 10 January 2015 live 3,000 protesters occupied a road in Mong Kok and 1,000 went to Causeway Bay. The total number of protesters on the streets swelled to 80,000,https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/hongkong/11129419/Hong-Kong-protests-spread-as-80000-take-to-streets.html Hong Kong protests spread as 80,000 take to streets 29 September 2014 The Daily Telegraph https://web.archive.org/web/20150214101228/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/hongkong/11129419/Hong-Kong-protests-spread-as-80000-take-to-streets.html 14 February 2015 London Simon Parry live at times considerably exceeding 100,000. The police confirmed that they fired tear gas 87 times.South China Morning Post – DAY TWO: Full coverage (5.19 pm) At least 34 people were injured in that day's protests.http://www.cnn.com/2014/09/28/world/asia/china-hong-kong-students/ At least 34 injured as police and protesters clash in Hong Kong CNN 28 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150411053615/http://www.cnn.com/2014/09/28/world/asia/china-hong-kong-students 11 April 2015 live According to police spokesmen, officers exercised "maximum tolerance", and tear gas was used only after protesters refused to disperse and "violently charged".https://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-hong-kong-police-20141005-story.html Hong Kong police: 'We have exercised maximum tolerance' 5 October 2014 Los Angeles Times https://web.archive.org/web/20141230181402/http://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-hong-kong-police-20141005-story.html 30 December 2014 live https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-10-09/how-hong-kong-got-caught-off-guard-by-student-protests.html How Tear Gas Attack Ignited Hong Kong Democracy Protests Bloomberg Srivastava Mehul Browning Jonathan Khan Natasha Li Fion 9 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150518013615/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-10-09/how-hong-kong-got-caught-off-guard-by-student-protests 18 May 2015 live The South China Morning Post (SCMP) reported, however, that police officers were seen charging the suffragists.Chow, Vivienne (29 September 2014). "Umbrella Revolution: more designs on Hong Kong's protest movement" https://web.archive.org/web/20251125072736/https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1603858/umbrella-revolution-designers-come-logos-occupy-central-protests 25 November 2025 . South China Morning Post The media recalled that last time Hong Kong police used tear gas had been on Korean protesters during the 2005 World Trade Organization conference. On 29 September, the police adopted a less aggressive approach, sometimes employing negotiators to urge protesters to leave. 89 protesters were arrested; there were 41 casualties, including 12 police officers.https://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-police-use-of-tear-gas-on-pro-democracy-protesters-is-questioned-1411991105 Hong Kong Police Use of Tear Gas on Pro-Democracy Protesters Is Questioned 29 September 2014 The Wall Street Journal 3 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150627221940/http://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-police-use-of-tear-gas-on-pro-democracy-protesters-is-questioned-1411991105 27 June 2015 Enda Curran live Chief Secretary for Administration, Carrie Lam announced that the second round of public consultations on political reform, originally planned to be completed by the end of the year, would be postponed."Yung, Chester. Carrie Lam: Hong Kong to Delay Discussions on Political Reform https://web.archive.org/web/20170401232844/https://www.wsj.com/articles/carrie-lam-hong-kong-to-delay-discussions-on-political-reform-1411992195 1 April 2017 ", The Wall Street Journal. 29 September 2014. October 2014 Joshua Wong and several Scholarism members attended the New Year flag raising ceremony on 1 October at the Golden Bauhinia Square, having undertaken not to shout slogans or make any gestures during the flag raising. Instead, the students faced away from the flag to show their discontent. District Councillor Paul Zimmerman opened a yellow umbrella in protest inside the reception after the ceremony.https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29446266 Paul Zimmerman: 'Why I took umbrella to China National Day in HK' BBC News https://web.archive.org/web/20150323205801/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29446266 23 March 2015 live https://news.yahoo.com/photos/hong-kong-lawmaker-paul-zimmerman-talks-media-while-photo-033104464.html Hong Kong lawmaker Paul Zimmerman talks to the media while holding a yellow umbrella, a symbol of the Hong Kong pro-democracy movement, at the reception to mark China's National Day in Hong Kong on October 1, 2014 1 October 2014 Yahoo News 6 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150712121618/http://news.yahoo.com/photos/hong-kong-lawmaker-paul-zimmerman-talks-media-while-photo-033104464.html 12 July 2015 live Protesters set up a short-lived fourth occupation site at a section of Canton Road in Tsim Sha Tsui.https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29448338 Hong Kong students vow stronger protests if leader stays BBC News 1 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150602011129/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29448338 2 June 2015 live thumb|Alex Chow addresses Occupy Central Crowd, 2 October 2014 17:54 By 2 October, activists had almost encircled the Central Government Headquarters.http://harbourtimes.com/openpublish/article/hkpf-report-card-occupy-central-term-20141009 HKPF report card: Occupy Central term Harbour Times 9 October 2014 31 October 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141031072437/http://harbourtimes.com/openpublish/article/hkpf-report-card-occupy-central-term-20141009 31 October 2014 South China Morning Post – DAY FIVE: Full coverage (4.45 pm) Shortly before midnight, the Hong Kong Government responded to an ultimatum demanding universal suffrage with unscreened nominees: Carrie Lam agreed to hold talks with student leaders about political reform at a time to be fixed.https://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-protesters-consider-escalating-actions-1412229794 Hong Kong Leader Offers Talks With Protesters 2 October 2014 The Wall Street Journal 4 October 2014 Jason Chow Isabella Steger Fiona Law https://web.archive.org/web/20150111084048/http://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-protesters-consider-escalating-actions-1412229794 11 January 2015 live On 3 October, violence erupted in Mong Kok and Causeway Bay when groups of anti-Occupy Central activists including triad members and locals attacked suffragists while tearing down their tents and barricades.Buckley Chris Ramzy Austin Wong Edward Violence Erupts in Hong Kong as Protesters Are Assaulted https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/04/world/asia/hong-kong-protests.html 4 October 2014 The New York Times 3 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141007030831/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/04/world/asia/hong-kong-protests.html 7 October 2014 liveSouth China Morning Post – DAY SIX: Full coverage (6.05 pm)Hong Kong clashes continue in Mong Kok https://edition.cnn.com/videos/world/2014/10/03/stevens-lok-mong-kok-protests.cnn 3 October 2014 CNN 3 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20161008084024/http://edition.cnn.com/videos/world/2014/10/03/stevens-lok-mong-kok-protests.cnn 8 October 2016 live A student suffered head injuries. Journalists were also attacked.South China Morning Post – DAY SIX: Full coverage (8.50 pm)http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20141005/world/Rival-protesters-face-off-in-gritty-Hong-Kong-neighbourhood.538433 Rival protesters face off in gritty Hong Kong neighbourhood The Times 5 October 2014 Malta https://web.archive.org/web/20150324160531/http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20141005/world/Rival-protesters-face-off-in-gritty-Hong-Kong-neighbourhood.538433 24 March 2015 live The Foreign Correspondents' Club accused the police of appearing to arrest alleged attackers but releasing them shortly after.South China Morning Post – DAY SEVEN: Full coverage (3.10 am) One legislator accused the government of orchestrating triads to clear the protest sites. It was also reported that triads, as proprietors of many businesses in Mong Kok, had their own motivations to attack the protesters. There were 20 arrests, and 18 people injured, including 6 police officers. Eight of the people arrested had triad backgrounds, but were released on bail.https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/04/hong-kong-legislator-accuses-government-triads-against-protesters Hong Kong legislator says government using triads against protesters The Guardian Tania Branigan, David Batty and agencies 4 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20150208034441/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/04/hong-kong-legislator-accuses-government-triads-against-protesters 8 February 2015 live Student leaders blamed the government for the attacks, and halted plans to hold talks with the government.https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29477731 Hong Kong protests: Student leaders postpone talks 3 October 2014 BBC News BBC https://web.archive.org/web/20150602012507/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29477731 2 June 2015 live On 4 October, counter-protesters wearing blue ribbons marched in support of the police.South China Morning Post – DAY SEVEN: Full coverage (10 am) Patrick Ko of the Voice of Loving Hong Kong group accused the suffragists of having double standards, and said that if the police had enforced the law, protesters would have already been evicted.South China Morning Post – DAY SEVEN: Full coverage (5.45 pm) The anti-Occupy group Caring Hong Kong Power staged their own rally, at which they announced their support for the use of fire-arms by police and the deployment of the People's Liberation Army.http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-hongkong-china-idUKKCN0HN04020141004 Hong Kong government may resume on Monday, but protests go on Reuters Lee Yimou Siu Twinnie 4 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150222220735/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2014/10/04/uk-hongkong-china-idUKKCN0HN04020141004 22 February 2015 dead In the afternoon, Chief Executive CY Leung insisted that government operations and schools affected by the occupation must resume on Monday. Former Democratic Party lawmaker Cheung Man-Kwong claimed the occupy campaign was in a "very dangerous situation," and urged them to "sit down and talk, in order to avoid tragedy".South China Morning Post – DAY SEVEN: Full coverage (5.05 pm) The Federation of Students demanded the government explain the previous night's events and said they would continue their occupation of streets.South China Morning Post – DAY SEVEN: Full coverage (4.25 pm) Secretary for Security Lai Tung-kwok denied accusations against the police, and explained that tear gas had been used in Admiralty but not in Mong Kok because of the difference in geography. Police also stated that protesters' barricades had prevented reinforcements from arriving on the scene.South China Morning Post – DAY SEVEN: Full coverage (1.15 pm) Democratic Party legislator James To said that "the government has used organised, orchestrated forces and even triad gangs in [an] attempt to disperse citizens."South China Morning Post – DAY SEVEN: Full coverage (2.15 pm) Violent attacks on journalists were strongly condemned by The Foreign Correspondents' Club, the Hong Kong Journalists' Association and local broadcaster RTHK.http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2014/10/04/asia-pacific/politics-diplomacy-asia-pacific/hong-kong-protests-turn-violent-rival-camps-square-gritty-mong-kok-neighborhood/#.VDQhv_ldVx8 As Hong Kong protests turn violent, rival camps square off in gritty Mong Kok neighborhood The Japan Times https://web.archive.org/web/20141210175008/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2014/10/04/asia-pacific/politics-diplomacy-asia-pacific/hong-kong-protests-turn-violent-rival-camps-square-gritty-mong-kok-neighborhood/ 10 December 2014 live 4 October 2014 Three former US consuls general to Hong Kong wrote a letter to the Chief Executive asking him to solve the disputes peacefully.https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1609748/former-us-diplomats-warn-hong-kong-erosion-over-crisis-open-letter-cy Former US diplomats warn of Hong Kong 'erosion' over crisis in open letter to CY South China Morning Post 4 October 2014 7 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141006142659/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1609748/former-us-diplomats-warn-hong-kong-erosion-over-crisis-open-letter-cy 6 October 2014 live On 5 October, leading establishment figures sympathetic to the liberal cause, including university heads and politicians, urged the suffragists to leave the streets for their own safety.https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1610326/legal-and-political-heavyweights-unite-call-end-protests Legal and political heavyweights unite in call for end to protests South China Morning Post 12 October 2014 5 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141012044414/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1610326/legal-and-political-heavyweights-unite-call-end-protests 12 October 2014 live The rumoured clearance operation by the police did not occur.https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/05/hong-kong-braces-deadline-remove-pro-democracy-protesters Hong Kong protests: civil servants allowed to return to work but activists remain The Guardian Branigan Tania 6 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20141129095749/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/05/hong-kong-braces-deadline-remove-pro-democracy-protesters 29 November 2014 live At lunchtime the government offered to hold talks if the protesters cleared the roads. Later that night, the government agreed to guarantee the protesters' safety, and HKFS leader Alex Chow announced that he had agreed to begin preparations for talks with Carrie Lam. On 9 October, the government cancelled the meeting with student leaders that had been scheduled for 10 October.https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-29554755 Hong Kong 'calls off student talks' BBC News 9 October 2014 9 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141009120515/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-29554755 9 October 2014 live Carrie Lam explained at a news conference that "We cannot accept the linking of illegal activities to whether or not to talk."https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/hong-kong-government-backs-out-of-talks-students-vow-new-protests/2014/10/09/db79d8fe-4fb6-11e4-babe-e91da079cb8a_story.html Hong Kong government backs out of talks; students vow new protests The Washington Post 9 October 2014 9 October 2014 Simon Denyer https://web.archive.org/web/20141010123041/http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/hong-kong-government-backs-out-of-talks-students-vow-new-protests/2014/10/09/db79d8fe-4fb6-11e4-babe-e91da079cb8a_story.html 10 October 2014 live Alex Chow said "I feel like the government is saying that if there are fewer people on the streets, they can cancel the meeting. Students urge people who took part in the civil disobedience to go out on the streets again to occupy." Pan-democrat legislators threatened to veto non-essential funding applications, potentially disrupting government operations, in support of the suffragists. On 10 October, in defiance of police warnings, thousands of protesters, many with tents, returned to the streets. Over a hundred tents were pitched across the eight-lane Harcourt Road thoroughfare in Admiralty, alongside dozens of food and first-aid marquees. The ranks of protesters continued to swell on the 11th.http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-hongkong-china-idUKKCN0I005720141011 https://web.archive.org/web/20160305142629/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-hongkong-china-idUKKCN0I005720141011 dead 5 March 2016 Pitching tents, Hong Kong democracy protesters dig in for long haul Reuters Kwok, Donny Chan, Diana 11 October 2014 5 September 2016 On 11 October, the student leaders issued an open letter to Chinese Communist Party general secretary Xi Jinping saying that CY Leung's report to NPCSC on democratic development disregarded public opinion and ignored "Hong Kong people's genuine wishes."https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/13/world/asia/hong-kong-protesters-appeal-to-xi-jinping-in-open-letter.html Hong Kong Protesters Appeal to Xi Jinping in Open Letter The New York Times 12 October 2014 12 October 2014 Michael Forsythe Alan Wong https://web.archive.org/web/20141012200533/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/13/world/asia/hong-kong-protesters-appeal-to-xi-jinping-in-open-letter.html 12 October 2014 live Clearance actions At 5.30 am on 12 October, police started an operation to remove unmanned barricades in Harcourt Road (Admiralty site) to "reduce the chance of traffic accidents". In a pre-recorded TV interviewhttp://www.worldjournal.com/view/full_van/25941768/article-梁振英-佔中已失控-可能清場?instance=hotbc https://archive.today/20141012235703/http://www.worldjournal.com/view/full_van/25941768/article-%E6%A2%81%E6%8C%AF%E8%8B%B1-%E4%BD%94%E4%B8%AD%E5%B7%B2%E5%A4%B1%E6%8E%A7-%E5%8F%AF%E8%83%BD%E6%B8%85%E5%A0%B4?instance=hotbc dead 12 October 2014 zh:梁振英：佔中已失控 可能清場 CY Leung: 'Occupy Central is out of control. I may clear them out.' 12 October 2014 12 October 2014 World Journal zh CY Leung declared that his resignation "would not solve anything".http://news1.mingpao.com/20141013/gaa2.htm zh:梁﹕沒想過辭職 下台不能解決佔領被定性「失控群眾運動」 佔中﹕失控的是政府 Leung: Not resigning, resigning cannot break up an 'out of control' Occupy movement; Occupy Central: Government out of control Ming Pao zh 12 October 2014 12 October 2014 14 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141014102105/http://news1.mingpao.com/20141013/gaa2.htm dead He said the decision to use tear gas was made by the police without any political interference.https://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-protest-leaders-authorities-trade-barbs-1413106532 Hong Kong Protest Leaders, Authorities Trade Barbs The Wall Street Journal 12 October 2014 12 October 2014 Jacky Wong https://web.archive.org/web/20150120024132/http://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-protest-leaders-authorities-trade-barbs-1413106532 20 January 2015 live Several press organisations including the Hong Kong Journalists Association objected to the exclusion of other journalists, and said that Leung was deliberately avoiding questions about the issues surrounding the electoral framework.http://www.bbc.co.uk/zhongwen/trad/china/2014/10/141012_leung_tv_statement zh:梁振英反駁逃避傳媒質詢指稱「不符事實」 CY Leung retorts accusations of his evading media questions as 'Inconsistent with facts' BBC News zh 12 October 2014 12 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141017062534/http://www.bbc.co.uk/zhongwen/trad/china/2014/10/141012_leung_tv_statement 17 October 2014 livehttp://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=150270&sid=43151087&con_type=1&d_str=20141013&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 Protests have 'spun out of control' The Standard 13 October 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141018062008/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=150270&sid=43151087&con_type=1&d_str=20141013&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 18 October 2014 thumb|Barricades on Hennessy Road, 13 October 2014 On 13 October, hundreds of men, many wearing surgical masks and carrying crowbars and cutting tools, began removing barricades at various sites and attacking suffragists. Police made attempts to separate the groups. Suffragists repaired and reinforced some barricades using bamboo and concrete.https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/13/hong-kong-barricades-rushed-large-crowd Hong Kong pro-democracy activists reinforce barricades at protest site The Guardian Kaiman Jonathan 13 October 2014 5 September 2016 South China Morning Post – DAY SIXTEEN: Full coverage (1.54 pm)South China Morning Post – DAY SIXTEEN: Full coverage (1.56 pm) Protesters again claimed that the attacks were organised and involved triad groups.https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hongkong-china-idUSKCN0I202620141014 Hong Kong police make fresh attempt to clear barricaded roads Reuters Anne Marie Roantree 13 October 2014 5 September 2016 14 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141014013306/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/10/14/us-hongkong-china-idUSKCN0I202620141014 live Police made three arrests for assault and possession of weapons. Although police cautioned against reinforcing the existing obstacles or setting up new obstacles to enlarge the occupied area, suffragists later reinstated the barriers overnight. thumb|Police dismantle roadblocks on Queensway Anti-occupy protesters began to besiege the headquarters of Next Media, publisher of Apple Daily. They accused the paper of biased reporting.Qi Luo (14 October 2014). "Apple gets taste of own medicine" https://web.archive.org/web/20141018155441/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=150350&sid=43156301&con_type=1&d_str=20141014&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 18 October 2014 . The Standard. Masked men among the protesters prevented the loading of copies of Apple Daily as well as The New York Times onto delivery vans.zh:蘋果又被圍紐約時報發行亦受阻 Apple Daily and The New York Times blocked http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/breaking/20141014/53014588 13 October 2014 13 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141015035526/http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/breaking/20141014/53014588 15 October 2014 live Apple Daily sought a court injunction and a High Court judge issued a temporary order to prevent any blocking of the entrance.http://news.now.com/home/local/player?newsId=114924&home=1 zh:高院接受蘋果日報臨時禁制令禁阻出入通道 High Court accepts injunction plea from Apple Daily to ban blocking passageways 13 October 2014 13 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150315050924/http://news.now.com/home/local/player?newsId=114924&home=1 15 March 2015 live Five press unions made a statement condemning the harassment of journalists by anti-occupy protesters. In the early morning of 14 October, police conducted a dawn raid to dismantle barricades in Yee Wo Street (Causeway Bay site), opening one lane to westbound traffic.South China Morning Post – LIVE "Traffic returns to Queensway after major police operation to clear barricades" (6.28 am) They also dismantled barricades at Queensway, Admiralty, and reopened it to traffic.https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-10-14/hong-kong-shrinks-pro-democracy-protest-sites-for-second-day.html Hong Kong Students Ready Return of Police With Chain Saws 14 October 2014 Bloomberg Alfred Liu https://web.archive.org/web/20150109120914/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-10-14/hong-kong-shrinks-pro-democracy-protest-sites-for-second-day.html 9 January 2015 4 March 2017 live Before midnight on 15 October, protesters stopped traffic on Lung Wo Road, the arterial road north of the Central Government Complex at Admiralty, and began erecting barricades. The police were unable to hold their cordon at Lung Wo Road Tunnel and had to retreat for reinforcements and to regroup. Around 3 am, police began to clear the road using batons and pepper spray. By dawn, traffic on the road resumed and the protesters retreated into Tamar Park, while 45 arrests were made. Police assault Ken Tsang Local television channel TVB broadcast footage of Civic Party member Ken Tsang being assaulted by police. He was carried off with his hands tied behind his back; then, while one officer kept watch, a group of about six officers punched, kicked and stamped on him for about four minutes.https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/15/hong-kong-police-protester-crackdown Hong Kong police beat protester in violent crackdown on demonstrations The Guardian 15 October 2014 5 September 2016 Weaver Jonathan Kaiman Matthewhttps://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/16/world/asia/video-of-apparent-beating-of-protester-in-hong-kong-stirs-anger.html Hong Kong Melee Fuels Public Outcry The New York Times Bradsher Keith Forsythe Michael 15 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160907191041/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/16/world/asia/video-of-apparent-beating-of-protester-in-hong-kong-stirs-anger.html 7 September 2016 live Journalists complained that they too had been assaulted.https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1617217/casual-chat-room-comment-sparked-45-arrests-and-allegations-police The casual chat room comment that sparked 45 arrests and allegations of police brutality South China Morning Post 16 October 2014 15 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141016072921/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1617217/casual-chat-room-comment-sparked-45-arrests-and-allegations-police 16 October 2014 livehttp://www.digitaljournal.com/news/world/hong-kong-police-in-violent-clashes-with-protesters/article/408683 Hong Kong police in violent clashes with protesters Digital Journal 16 October 2014 15 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141019193102/http://www.digitaljournal.com/news/world/hong-kong-police-in-violent-clashes-with-protesters/article/408683 19 October 2014 live The video provoked outrage; Amnesty International joined others in calling for the officers to be prosecuted. In response, Secretary for Security Lai Tung-kwok said that "the officers involved will be temporarily removed from their current duties."https://edition.cnn.com/2014/10/15/world/asia/hong-kong-police-protest-video/index.html Hong Kong authorities vow to probe alleged police beating at protest 15 October 2014 15 October 2014 CNN https://web.archive.org/web/20141015222352/http://edition.cnn.com/2014/10/15/world/asia/hong-kong-police-protest-video/index.html 15 October 2014 livehttps://time.com/3508857/ken-tsang-hong-kong-police-brutality-occupy-central/ Claims of Police Brutality Threaten to Escalate the Hong Kong Protests Time 15 October 2014 15 October 2014 Charlie Campbell https://web.archive.org/web/20241208122421/https://time.com/3508857/ken-tsang-hong-kong-police-brutality-occupy-central/ 8 December 2024 live They were convicted and jailed in 2017 and Tsang commenced a claim for damages against the Commissioner of Police.Hong Kong Free Press 13 October 2017 Activist Ken Tsang sues for punitive damages from police chief over Umbrella Movement assault https://www.hongkongfp.com/2017/10/13/activist-ken-tsang-sues-punitive-damages-police-chief-umbrella-movement-assault/ Cheng Kris 14 October 2017 left|thumb|Police forcing the protesters back southwards on Nathan Road in the evening At 5 am on 17 October, police cleared the barricades and tents at the Mong Kok site and opened the northbound side of Nathan Road to traffic for the first time in three weeks. In the early evening, at least 9000 protesters tried to retake the northbound lanes of the road. According to police, 15 officers sustained injuries. There were at least 26 arrests, including photojournalist Paula Bronstein.https://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-protesters-reclaim-mongkok-district-1413609015 Hong Kong Protesters Reclaim Mongkok District The Wall Street Journal 18 October 2014 Mia Lamar Chester Yung Ned Levin 18 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150102215358/http://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-protesters-reclaim-mongkok-district-1413609015 2 January 2015 live Around midnight, the police retreated and the suffragists re-erected barricades across the road.https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1618168/swift-police-operation-ends-occupy-mong-kok Chaos in Mong Kok as police use batons, pepper spray to repel surge of protesters South China Morning Post 18 October 2014 16 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141018040432/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1618168/swift-police-operation-ends-occupy-mong-kok 18 October 2014 livehttps://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-police-clear-part-of-protest-site-1413513491 Hong Kong Protesters Return to Mong Kok District, Vow to Hold Ground The Wall Street Journal 18 October 2014 Fiona Law Isabella Steger Kathy Chu 17 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141230164533/http://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-police-clear-part-of-protest-site-1413513491? 30 December 2014 live thumb|A meeting of protesters. 20 October 2014. thumb|A meeting of protesters. 20 October 2014. On Sunday, 19 October, police used pepper spray and riot gear to contain the protesters in Mong Kok. Martin Lee, who was at the scene, said that "triad elements" had initiated scuffles with police "for reasons best known to themselves". https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/hongkong/11172484/Triads-behind-spike-in-Hong-Kong-protest-violence-activist-claims.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/hongkong/11172484/Triads-behind-spike-in-Hong-Kong-protest-violence-activist-claims.html 12 January 2022 subscription live 'Triads' behind spike in Hong Kong protest violence, activist claims 19 October 2014 19 October 2014 London The Daily Telegraph The police had arrested 37 protesters that weekend; the government said that nearly 70 people had been injured. At night, two pro-democracy lawmakers, Fernando Cheung and Claudia Mo, appeared at Mong Kok to mediate between the suffragists and the police, leading to a lowering of tensions as the police and suffragists each stepped back and widened the buffer zone. No clashes were reported for the night.https://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-calm-after-clashes-as-government-proposes-talks-1413678697 Hong Kong Protest Leaders Call for Calm Ahead of Talks 19 October 2014 The Wall Street Journal 20 October 2014 Gillian Wong Mia Lamar https://web.archive.org/web/20141230154145/http://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-calm-after-clashes-as-government-proposes-talks-1413678697 30 December 2014 live On 20 October, a taxi drivers' union and the owner of CITIC Tower were granted a court injunction against the occupiers of sections of several roads.Qi Luo (21 October 2014). "Court outlaws Mong Kok, Admiralty protests" https://web.archive.org/web/20150602074415/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=150588&sid=43198525&con_type=3&d_str=20141021&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 2 June 2015 . The Standard In his first interview to international journalists since the start of the protests, CY Leung said that Hong Kong had been "lucky" that Beijing had not yet intervened in the protests, and repeated Chinese claims that "foreign forces" were involved. He defended Beijing's stance on screening candidates. He said that open elections would result in pressure on candidates to create a welfare state, arguing that "If it's entirely a numbers game – numeric representation – then obviously you'd be talking to half the people in Hong Kong [that] earn less than US$1,800 a month [the median wage in HK]. You would end up with that kind of politics and policies."https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/21/world/asia/leung-chun-ying-hong-kong-china-protests.html Hong Kong Leader Reaffirms Unbending Stance on Elections The New York Times Bradsher Keith Buckley Chris 20 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20210321151529/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/21/world/asia/leung-chun-ying-hong-kong-china-protests.html 21 March 2021 live https://www.ft.com/content/3f6f1c74-584b-11e4-a31b-00144feab7de Hong Kong 'lucky' China has not stopped protests, says CY Leung Financial Times Noble Josh Zhu Julie 20 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20170704044004/https://www.ft.com/content/3f6f1c74-584b-11e4-a31b-00144feab7de 4 July 2017 live A SCMP comment by columnist Alex Lo said of this interview: "Leung has set the gold standard on how not to do a media interview for generations of politicians to come.""CY Leung shows how not to talk to the world's media" https://web.archive.org/web/20251205164533/https://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/1621656/cy-leung-shows-how-not-talk-worlds-media?page=all 5 December 2025 , South China Morning Post, 22 October 2014. Televised debate On 21 October, the government and the HKFS held the first round of talks in a televised open debate. HKFS secretary-general Alex Chow, vice secretary Lester Shum, general secretary Eason Chung, and standing members Nathan Law and Yvonne Leung met with Hong Kong Government representatives Chief secretary Carrie Lam, secretary of justice Rimsky Yuen, undersecretary Raymond Tam, office director Edward Yau and undersecretary Lau Kong-wah. The discussion was moderated by Leonard Cheng, the president of Lingnan University.Siu, Jasmine (20 October 2014). "Middle man vows fairness" https://web.archive.org/web/20150602064945/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=150532&sid=43192431&con_type=1&d_str=20141020&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 2 June 2015 . The Standard.zh:政府學聯各派五人出席下周政改對話 Government and Students Federation in dialogue together https://hk.news.yahoo.com/政府學聯各派五人出席下周政改對話-103102912.html 19 October 2014 zh 19 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150109032248/https://hk.news.yahoo.com/%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%AD%B8%E8%81%AF%E5%90%84%E6%B4%BE%E4%BA%94%E4%BA%BA%E5%87%BA%E5%B8%AD%E4%B8%8B%E5%91%A8%E6%94%BF%E6%94%B9%E5%B0%8D%E8%A9%B1-103102912.html 9 January 2015 livehttps://edition.cnn.com/2014/10/21/world/asia/hong-kong-protests-talks/index.html Hong Kong protest talks agree little 21 October 2014 CNN 25 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20200725105717/https://edition.cnn.com/2014/10/21/world/asia/hong-kong-protests-talks/index.html 25 July 2020 liveKevin Cheng, (22 October 2014). "Patience is virtue for Lam" https://web.archive.org/web/20150602051950/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=150614&sid=43205640&con_type=1&d_str=20141022&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 2 June 2015 . The Standard During the talks, government representatives suggested the possibility of writing a new report on the students' concerns to supplement the government's last report on political reform to Beijing, but stressed that civil nomination, as proposed by the students, fell outside the framework of the Basic Law and the NPCSC decision, which could be withdrawn.https://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-hong-kong-talks-20141021-story.html#page=1 No breakthrough as Hong Kong officials open talks with students Los Angeles Times 21 October 2014 23 October 2014 Tiffany Ap https://web.archive.org/web/20141023134125/http://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-hong-kong-talks-20141021-story.html#page=1 23 October 2014 live The government described the talks as "candid and meaningful" in a press release, while the students expressed their disappointment at the lack of concrete results.http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201410/21/P201410211150.htm Government's response to dialogue with HKFS 21 October 2014 Government of Hong Kong 23 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141023163556/http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201410/21/P201410211150.htm? 23 October 2014 live On 22 October about 200 demonstrators marched to Government House, the official residence of the Chief Executive, in protest at his statement to journalists on 20 October about the need to deny political rights to the poor in Hong Kong.https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-29719159 Hong Kong protests: Activists march to CY Leung's house BBC 22 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160614231103/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-29719159 14 June 2016 live At Mong Kok, members of the Taxi Drivers and Operators Association and a coalition of truck drivers attempted to enforce the court injunction granted two days earlier to remove barricades and clear the street. They were accompanied by their lawyer, who read out the court order to the demonstrators. Fist fights broke out during the afternoon and evening.Kenneth Lau and Kevin Cheng (23 October 2014). "Injunction sparks barricade violence" https://web.archive.org/web/20150602051943/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?we_cat=11&art_id=150677&sid=43213952&con_type=3&d_str=20141023&fc=4 2 June 2015 . The Standard right|thumb|A yellow vertical protest banner which read "We demand real universal suffrage" was hung on Lion Rock. also see vertical protest banners On 23 October, a massive yellow vertical protest banner which read (in Chinese) "I want real universal suffrage" was hung on Lion Rock, the iconic hill that overlooks the Kowloon Peninsula and is seen to represent the spirit of Hong Kong.Wong Hilary Cheng Kevin http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=150731&sid=43221325&con_type=3&d_str=20141024&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 Spiders get Lion's share of exposure 24 October 2014 The Standard 23 October 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141024112027/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=150731&sid=43221325&con_type=3&d_str=20141024&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 24 October 2014 https://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2014/10/23/pro-democracy-banner-occupies-hong-kongs-iconic-lion-rock-spawns-memes/ Pro-Democracy Banner Occupies Hong Kong's Iconic Lion Rock, Spawns Memes The Wall Street Journal 25 October 2014 23 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141025052045/http://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2014/10/23/pro-democracy-banner-occupies-hong-kongs-iconic-lion-rock-spawns-memes/ 25 October 2014 live The vertical protest banner was removed the following day."Giant pro-democracy banner removed from Hong Kong's famous Lion Rock " https://web.archive.org/web/20251125040600/https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1623853/giant-pro-democracy-banner-removed-hong-kongs-famous-lion-rock 25 November 2025 , South China Morning Post, 24 October 2014. On 25 October, a group of anti-Occupy supporters wearing blue ribbons gathered at Tsim Sha Tsui to show their support of the police. Four journalists from RTHK and TVB tried to interview them and were attacked.http://www2.hkej.com/instantnews/current/article/922687/打踢扯_四記者採訪反對佔領活動遇襲 zh:打踢扯 四記者採訪反對佔領活動遇襲 Brawl—Four journalists assaulted during anti-Occupy efforts 26 October 2014 26 October 2014 9 January 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150109032155/http://www2.hkej.com/instantnews/current/article/922687/%E6%89%93%E8%B8%A2%E6%89%AF_%E5%9B%9B%E8%A8%98%E8%80%85%E6%8E%A1%E8%A8%AA%E5%8F%8D%E5%B0%8D%E4%BD%94%E9%A0%98%E6%B4%BB%E5%8B%95%E9%81%87%E8%A5%B2 dead The police escorted the journalists away. A female reporter for RTHK, a male reporter and two photographers for TVB were taken to hospital.https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hongkong-china-idUSKCN0IE0SL20141025 Anti-Occupy mob roughs up Hong Kong journalists Reuters Jim Claire 25 October 2014 5 September 2016 3 October 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151003214920/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/10/25/us-hongkong-china-idUSKCN0IE0SL20141025 live A group of about 10 men wearing facemasks attacked suffragists in Mong Kok.https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1624070/anti-occupy-central-mob-storms-mong-kong-protest-site Anti-Occupy Central group storms Mong Kok protest site 25 October 2014 25 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141025063107/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1624070/anti-occupy-central-mob-storms-mong-kong-protest-site 25 October 2014 live Six people were arrested for common assault. Alex Chow said that citizens deserved a chance to express their views over the constitutional reform proposal and the NPCSC's decision of 31 August. He said that the protest would only end if the government offered a detailed timeline or roadmap to allow universal suffrage and withdrawal of the standing committee decision.https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1624281/occupy-students-propose-resignation-pan-democrat-lawmakers-trigger Occupy students call for pan-democrats' resignation to trigger referendum 25 October 2014 25 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141025043800/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1624281/occupy-students-propose-resignation-pan-democrat-lawmakers-trigger 25 October 2014 livehttp://www2.hkej.com/instantnews/current/article/922642/周永康%3A投票非為公投鋪路 zh:周永康:投票非為公投鋪路 Alex Chow: Voting is not paving a way to a referendum 25 October 2014 25 October 2014 25 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141025094423/http://www2.hkej.com/instantnews/current/article/922642/%E5%91%A8%E6%B0%B8%E5%BA%B7%3A%E6%8A%95%E7%A5%A8%E9%9D%9E%E7%82%BA%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95%E9%8B%AA%E8%B7%AF dead On 28 October, the HKFS issued an open letter to Chief Secretary Carrie Lam asking for a second round of talks. HKFS set out a prerequisite for the negotiation, that the government's report to the Chinese government must include a call for the retraction of the NPCSC's decision. The HKFS demanded direct talks with Chinese Premier Li Keqiang should the Hong Kong Government feel it could not fulfil this and other terms.http://www2.hkej.com/instantnews/current/article/924148/%E5%AD%B8%E8%81%AF%E7%99%BC%E5%85%AC%E9%96%8B%E4%BF%A1+%E6%8F%90%E5%B0%8D%E8%A9%B1%E4%BA%8C%E5%89%8D%E6%8F%90%28%E9%99%84%E5%85%A8%E6%96%87%29 zh:學聯發公開信 提對話二前提 Federation of Students sends a letter naming two prerequisites Hong Kong Economic Journal zh 31 October 2014 31 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141031143839/http://www2.hkej.com/instantnews/current/article/924148/%E5%AD%B8%E8%81%AF%E7%99%BC%E5%85%AC%E9%96%8B%E4%BF%A1+%E6%8F%90%E5%B0%8D%E8%A9%B1%E4%BA%8C%E5%89%8D%E6%8F%90(%E9%99%84%E5%85%A8%E6%96%87) dead The 30th day since the police fired tear gas was marked at 5.57 pm exactly, with 87 seconds of silence, one for each tear gas canister that was fired.http://www.dailysabah.com/world/2014/10/29/hong-kong-protesters-hush-for-87-secs-to-remember-tear-gas-police-fired Hong Kong protesters hush for 87 secs to remember tear gas police fired Daily Sabah 29 October 2014 5 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141105105749/http://www.dailysabah.com/world/2014/10/29/hong-kong-protesters-hush-for-87-secs-to-remember-tear-gas-police-fired 5 November 2014 live On 29 October, after James Tien of the pro-Beijing Liberal Party urged Leung to consider resigning in a public interview on 24 October,https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/25/world/asia/James-Tien-says-Leung-Chun-ying-should-think-about-quitting.html Pro-Beijing lawmaker urges hong kong leader to consider quitting 24 October 2014 26 October 2014 The New York Times Michael Forsythe https://web.archive.org/web/20141025052002/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/25/world/asia/James-Tien-says-Leung-Chun-ying-should-think-about-quitting.html 25 October 2014 live the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Standing Committee convened to discuss Tien's removal from the body as a move to whip the pro-establishment camp into supporting Leung and the country.Mary Ann Benitez, Kenneth Lauand Eddie Luk (29 October 2014). "Tien's head rolls as Beijing waves stick" https://web.archive.org/web/20141029053608/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?we_cat=11&art_id=150863&sid=43253524&con_type=3&d_str=20141029&fc=2 29 October 2014 . The Standard Tien, a long-time critic of Leung, said that Leung's position was no longer tenable as Hong Kong people no longer trusted his administration, and that his hanging onto office would only exacerbate the divisions in society.https://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-hong-kong-chief-pressure-20141024-story.html Hong Kong chief faces new calls to step down as protests continue 24 October 2014 Los Angeles Times 31 October 2014 Echo Hui https://web.archive.org/web/20141030213254/http://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-hong-kong-chief-pressure-20141024-story.html 30 October 2014 live Tien stepped down from his position as the leader of the Liberal Party after the removal.https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/30/world/asia/james-tien-china-hong-kong-expelled.html Politician Who Called for Hong Kong Leader's Resignation Is Formally Penalized 29 October 2014 31 October 2014 The New York Times Michael Forsythe Alan Wong https://web.archive.org/web/20141029141715/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/30/world/asia/james-tien-china-hong-kong-expelled.html 29 October 2014 live Lester Shum refused bail extension based on conditions imposed after his arrest on 26 September, and was released unconditionally by police."Student leader in clear after he rejects bail" https://web.archive.org/web/20141031141342/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?we_cat=4&art_id=150856&sid=43252822&con_type=1&d_str=20141029&fc=2 31 October 2014 . The Standard, 29 October 2014 That day was also the day of the Umbrella Ultra Marathon event. November 2014 thumbnail|A police cordon during the clearance of Mong Kok site, with yellow towers from which liquified tear gas was sprayed on protesters. The anti-Occupy group Alliance for Peace and Democracy had run a petition throughout the end of October to the start of November, and at the end of their campaign claimed to have collected over 1.8 million signatures demanding the return of streets occupied by the protesters and restoration of law and order. Each signator are required to show a valid Hong Kong ID card and the final result is checked and verified to make sure there is no multiple voting by the same individual. The group's previous signature collection has been criticised as "lack of credibility" by its opponents.Petition against democracy movement in Hong Kong collects more than 1.8 million signatures The Straits Times 4 November 2014 http://www.straitstimes.com/news/asia/east-asia/story/petition-against-democracy-movement-hong-kong-collects-more-18-million-sig 12 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141113052323/http://www.straitstimes.com/news/asia/east-asia/story/petition-against-democracy-movement-hong-kong-collects-more-18-million-sig 13 November 2014 live Ng Joyce Questions raised over credibility of planned anti-Occupy signature campaign https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1551059/questions-raised-about-credibility-planned-anti-occupy-signature?page=all 30 September 2014 South China Morning Post 10 July 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141006091238/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1551059/questions-raised-about-credibility-planned-anti-occupy-signature?page=all 6 October 2014 live The High Court extended injunctions on 10 November that had been granted to taxi, mini-bus and bus operators authorising the clearance of protest sites. On the following day, Carrie Lam told reporters that there would be no further dialogue with protesters. She warned that "the police will give full assistance, including making arrests where necessary" in the clearance of the sites, and advised the protesters to leave "voluntarily and peacefully".https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/11/hong-kong-protesters-face-arrest-court-ruling Hong Kong protesters face arrest after court rules on evictions The Guardian 11 November 2014 11 November 2014 Associated Press However, the granting of the court order and the conditions attached to its execution attracted controversy as some lawyers and a top judge questioned why the order was granted based on an ex parte hearing, the urgency of the matter, and the use of the police when the order was for a civil complaint.Joyce Ng https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1638381/top-court-judge-questions-odd-injunction Top court judge questions 'odd' injunction 13 November 2014 South China Morning Post 30 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141116091237/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1638381/top-court-judge-questions-odd-injunction 16 November 2014 live On 10 November, around 1,000 pro-democracy demonstrators, many wearing yellow ribbons and carrying yellow umbrellas, marched to the PRC Liaison Office in Sai Wan to protest the arrests of people expressing support for the protest.https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29975423 Hong Kong protesters carry out 'yellow ribbon' march 9 November 2014 9 November 2014 BBC News https://web.archive.org/web/20141110192932/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29975423 10 November 2014 live The marchers included Alex Chow, who announced that the Federation of Students were writing to the 35 local delegates to the National People's Congress to enlist their help in setting up talks with Beijing.https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1635943/occupy-fight-goes-liaison-office Occupy supporters march to liaison office 10 November 2014 South China Morning Post 10 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141113112045/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1635943/occupy-fight-goes-liaison-office 13 November 2014 live On 30 October Chow and other student leaders had announced that they were considering plans to take their protest to the APEC summit to be held in Beijing on 10 and 11 November.https://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-students-consider-taking-protest-to-beijing-1414679281 Hong Kong Students Consider Taking Protest to Beijing The Wall Street Journal Lamar, Mia Steger, Isabella 30 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160805060617/http://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-students-consider-taking-protest-to-beijing-1414679281 5 August 2016 live As observers had predicted, the student delegation led by Chow was prevented from travelling to China when they attempted to leave on 15 November.https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-30067035 Hong Kong protest leaders denied Beijing flight BBC 15 November 2014 16 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141116035204/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-30067035 16 November 2014 live Airline officials informed them that mainland authorities had revoked their Home Return Permits, effectively banning them from boarding the flight to speak to government officials in Beijing.Ng, Joyce Nip, Amy Lau, Stuart https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1640648/occupy-leaders-seeking-travel-beijing-denied-boarding-airport-cathay Beijing bans student leaders from taking trip to mainland to press for democracy 15 November 2014 South China Morning Post 30 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141128194154/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1640648/occupy-leaders-seeking-travel-beijing-denied-boarding-airport-cathay 28 November 2014 live On 12 November, media tycoon Jimmy Lai was the target of an offal attack at the Admiralty site by three men, who were detained by volunteer marshalls for the protest site.http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?we_cat=4&art_id=151372&sid=43354957&con_type=1&d_str=20141113&fc=4 Offal attack on Lai as trio pelt tycoon with pig guts Staff Reporter 30 November 2014 The Standard 13 November 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141113100230/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?we_cat=4&art_id=151372&sid=43354957&con_type=1&d_str=20141113&fc=4 13 November 2014 http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/asia/442962/rotten-offal-hits-hk-media-tycoon Rotten offal hits HK media tycoon AFP 30 November 2014 Bangkok Post 12 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141119092940/http://bangkokpost.com/news/asia/442962/rotten-offal-hits-hk-media-tycoon 19 November 2014 live Both the attackers and the two site marshalls who restrained them were arrested by the police, which led to condemnation by the pan-democracy camp, who organised an unauthorised protest march the next day. The two marshalls from the protest site were later released on bail.https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1638941/occupy-central-marshals-arrested-fighting-join-march-protest-charges Occupy marshals arrested after restraining Jimmy Lai attackers join protest march South China Morning Post 13 November 2014 13 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141114094924/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1638941/occupy-central-marshals-arrested-fighting-join-march-protest-charges 14 November 2014 live On the morning of 18 November, in compliance with a court injunction, suffragists pre-emptively moved their tents and other affairs that were blocking access to Citic Tower, avoiding confrontation with bailiffs and the police over the removal of barricades.Lau Chris Yu Alan Lee Eddie https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1642742/live-students-pack-tents-bailiffs-move-clear-occupy-area-outside Hong Kong protesters show little resistance as bailiffs remove barriers in Admiralty 30 November 2014 South China Morning Post 18 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141122000911/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1642742/live-students-pack-tents-bailiffs-move-clear-occupy-area-outside 22 November 2014 live In the early hours of 19 November, protesters broke into a side-entrance to the Legislative Council Complex, breaking glass panels with concrete tiles and metal barricades. Legislator Fernando Cheung and other suffragists tried to stop the radical activists, but were pushed aside.Lau Kenneth Cheng Kevin Luk Eddie Radical mob splits Occupy http://thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=151588&sid=43399690&con_type=3 30 November 2014 The Standard 20 November 2014 Hong Kong https://web.archive.org/web/20141129064151/https://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=151588&sid=43399690&con_type=3 29 November 2014 liveProtesters clash with police at Hong Kong legislature https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-30110276 BBC 26 January 2021 19 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20210131105803/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-30110276 31 January 2021 live The break-in, which according to The Standard was instigated by Civic Passion,Lau Kenneth http://thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=151584&sid=43399820&con_type=3 Rioters linked to Mad Dog follower 30 November 2014 The Standard Hong Kong 20 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141129064148/http://thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=151584&sid=43399820&con_type=3 29 November 2014 dead was "strongly" condemned by Occupy Central for Love and Peace, and legislators from both the pan-democracy and pro-Beijing camps. On 21 November, up to 100 people gathered outside the British consulate accusing the former colonial power of failing to pressure China to grant free elections in the city and protect freedoms guaranteed in the Sino-British Joint Declaration.https://news.yahoo.com/hong-kong-democracy-activists-protest-outside-british-consulate-143643222.html Hong Kong democracy activists protest outside British consulate Agence France-Presse 21 November 2014 23 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141126070319/http://news.yahoo.com/hong-kong-democracy-activists-protest-outside-british-consulate-143643222.html 26 November 2014 live thumbnail|right|Protesters and police face off in Mong Kok on 28 November. Amidst declining support for the occupation, bailiffs and police cleared the tents and barriers in the most volatile of the three Occupy sites, Mong Kok, on 25 and early 26 November. Suffragists poured into Mong Kok after the first day's clearance, and there was a stand-off between protesters and police the next day. Scuffles were reported, and pepper spray was used. Police detained 116 people during the clearance, including student leaders Joshua Wong and Lester Shum.https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/26/hong-kong-student-leaders-arrested-police-attempt-clear-protest-zone Hong Kong student leaders arrested as police attempt to clear protest zone The Guardian 26 November 2014 26 November 2014 Joshua Wong, Lester Shum and some 30 of those arrested were bailed but subject to an exclusion zone centred around Mong Kok station.Lau Kenneth Banned from Monk Kok http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=151824&sid=43447116&con_type=3&d_str=20141128&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 30 November 2014 The Standard 28 November 2014 Hong Kong dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141205001533/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=151824&sid=43447116&con_type=3&d_str=20141128&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 5 December 2014 Chu Julie https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1603471/scholarisms-joshua-wong-released-high-court-judges-instruction Scholarism's Joshua Wong released at High Court's judge instruction 28 September 2014 South China Morning Post 30 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20190301055944/https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1603471/scholarisms-joshua-wong-released-high-court-judges-instruction 1 March 2019 live Mong Kok remained the centre of focus for several days after the clearance of the occupied area, with members of the public angry about heavy-handed policing.Buckley Chris Wong Alan https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/29/world/asia/clashes-in-hong-kong-as-protesters-return-to-cleared-camp.html Hong Kong Clashes Flare as Protesters Return to Camp 30 November 2014 The New York Times 28 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141129191905/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/29/world/asia/clashes-in-hong-kong-as-protesters-return-to-cleared-camp.html 29 November 2014 livePomfret James http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-hongkong-china-idUKKCN0JC1V320141129 https://web.archive.org/web/20170312110333/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-hongkong-china-idUKKCN0JC1V320141129 dead 12 March 2017 Hong Kong protesters clash with police after new clampdown 30 November 2014 Reuters 29 November 2014 Fearing re-occupation, in excess of 4,000 police were deployed to the area. Large crowds, ostensibly heeding a call from C. Y. Leung to return to the shops affected by the occupation, appeared nightly in and around Sai Yeung Choi Street South (close to the former occupied site); hundreds of armed riot police charged demonstrators with shields, pepper spraying and wrestling them to the ground. Protesters intent on Gau Wu (shopping) remained until dawn. Overnight on 30 November, there were violent clashes between police and protesters in Admiralty after the Federation of Students and Scholarism called upon the crowd to surround the Central Government Offices. The police used a hose to splash protesters for the first time. The entrance to the Admiralty Centre was also blocked. Most of the violence occurred near Admiralty MTR station.https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1652860/live-occupy-students-clash-police-near-hong-kongs-government OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY 64: Joshua Wong announces hunger strike to call for talks with government 30 November 2014 South China Morning Post 5 October 2025 https://web.archive.org/web/20170506161746/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1652860/live-occupy-students-clash-police-near-hong-kongs-government 6 May 2017 live Also, Joshua Wong and two other Scholarism members began an indefinite hunger strike.Ilaria Maria Sala Jonathan Kaiman 1 December 2014 Hong Kong protest leader Joshua Wong goes on hunger strike https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/dec/01/hong-kong-protest-leader-joshua-wong-hunger-strike The Guardian December 2014 thumb|right|The minibus company cleaning Roadblocks at Connaught Road Central thumb|right|Protesters stay in Harcourt Road and not willing to leave On 3 December, the OCLP trio, along with 62 others, including lawmaker Wu Chi-wai and Cardinal Joseph Zen, turned themselves in to the police to bear the legal consequences of civil disobedience. However, they were set free without being arrested or charged.Police let Occupy organisers walk away without charge after they turn themselves in https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1654634/no-regrets-says-occupys-benny-tai-he-prepares-hand-himself-police 6 December 2014 South China Morning Post 4 December 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141203175500/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1654634/no-regrets-says-occupys-benny-tai-he-prepares-hand-himself-police 3 December 2014 live They also urged occupiers to leave and transform the movement into a community campaign, citing concerns for their safety amidst the police's escalation of force in recent crackdowns.http://oclp.hk/index.php?route=occupy/eng_detail&eng_id=61 https://web.archive.org/web/20141221022947/http://oclp.hk/index.php?route=occupy/eng_detail&eng_id=61 dead 21 December 2014 Occupy Central Trio's Letter to the Hong Kong People Occupy Central with Love and Peace 2 December 2014 6 December 2014 Tai Benny Yiu-ting Chan Kin-man Chu Yiu-ming Nonetheless, HKFS and Scholarism both continued the occupation. Nightly "Gau Wu" tours continued in Mong Kok for over a week after the clearance of the occupation site, tying up some 2500 police officers.https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1655597/occupy-protesters-mong-kok-take-shopping-tour Occupy protesters in Mong Kok take to the 'shopping tour' 4 December 2014 South China Morning Post 5 October 2025 https://web.archive.org/web/20251209003524/https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1655597/occupy-protesters-mong-kok-take-shopping-tour 9 December 2025 live The minibus company that took out the Mong Kok injunction was in turn accused of having illegally occupied Tung Choi Street for years.http://www.ejinsight.com/20141208-mong-kok-minibus-group-faces-backlash-after-anti-occupy-move/ Mong Kok minibus group faces backlash after anti-Occupy move EJ Insight 8 December 2014 10 December 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141209043135/http://www.ejinsight.com/20141208-mong-kok-minibus-group-faces-backlash-after-anti-occupy-move/ 9 December 2014 live On the morning of 11 December, many protesters left the Admiralty site before crews of the bus company that had applied for the Admiralty injunction dismantled roadblocks without resistance. Afterwards, the police set a deadline for protesters to leave the occupied areas and cordoned off the zone for the remainder of the day.South China Morning Post – DAY 64: Full coverage (2.30 pm) 209 protesters declined to leave and were arrested,South China Morning Post – DAY 64: Full coverage (10.40 pm)http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20141211/53221233 zh:【金鐘清場】警方共拘209人 籲佔銅者盡快離開 11 December 2014 Apple Daily 11 December 2014 13 December 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141213014142/http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20141211/53221233 deadhttps://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-30426346 Hong Kong protests: Arrests as Admiralty site is cleared BBC News BBC 11 December 2014 11 December 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141215051909/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-30426346 15 December 2014 live including several pan-democratic legislators and members of HKFS and Scholarism.South China Morning Post – DAY 64: Full coverage (8.15 pm) Meanwhile, the police set the bridge access to Citic Tower and Central Government Office only allowing media to access. The Independent Police Complaints Council was present to monitor the area for any "excessive use of force" along with fifty professors.Hong Kong protesters will be arrested if they have not left Admiralty Occupy site by 11 am https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1659334/bring-occupy-organisers-book-pro-government-lawmakers-say-ahead 11 December 2014 11 December 2014 South China Morning Post https://web.archive.org/web/20141211043703/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1659334/bring-occupy-organisers-book-pro-government-lawmakers-say-ahead 11 December 2014 live On 15 December, police cleared protesters and their camps at Causeway Bay with essentially no resistance, bringing the protests to an end.https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-30474687 Police clear final Hong Kong protest site at Causeway Bay BBC News 15 December 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20180614090133/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-30474687 14 June 2018 21 June 2018 livehttps://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-police-clear-last-protest-site-1418616478?tesla=y Hong Kong Police Clear Last Protest Site Mia Lamar And Isabella Steger 15 December 2014 The Wall Street Journal https://web.archive.org/web/20210321151448/https://www.wsj.com/articles/hong-kong-police-clear-last-protest-site-1418616478?tesla=y 21 March 2021 4 March 2017 live Impact Effects on business and transport thumb|Traffic being diverted off Connaught Road in Central on 30 September Surface traffic between Central and Admiralty, Causeway Bay, as well as in Mong Kok, was seriously affected by the blockades, with traffic jams stretching for miles on Hong Kong Island and across Victoria Harbour.http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-hongkong-china-idUKKCN0HW08P20141007 https://web.archive.org/web/20160630224946/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-hongkong-china-idUKKCN0HW08P20141007 dead 30 June 2016 Hong Kong protests at crossroads, talks to start on Friday Reuters Chan Diana Ruwitch John 7 October 2014 5 September 2016 Lau, Kenneth; Wong, Hilary (8 October 2014). "More traffic mayhem ahead" https://web.archive.org/web/20141012204112/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=150167&sid=43124324&con_type=3&d_str=20141008&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 12 October 2014 . The Standard. Major tailbacks were reported on Queensway, Gloucester Road and Connaught Road, which are feeder roads to the blockaded route in Admiralty. With in excess of 100 bus or tram routes suspended or re-routed, queues for underground trains in the Admiralty district spilled onto the street at times. The MTR, the city's underground transport operator, was a beneficiary,Lau, Kenneth; Wong, Hilary (9 October 2014). "Prepare for traffic delays, kindy parents told" https://web.archive.org/web/20141014185852/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=150210&sid=43130018&con_type=1&d_str=20141009&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 14 October 2014 . The Standard. enjoying a 20 per cent increase in passenger trips recorded on two of its lines.Ma, Mary (14 October 2014). "Protests a rail coup for MTR" https://web.archive.org/web/20141018155305/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=49&art_id=150319&sid=43155556&con_type=1&d_str=20141014&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 18 October 2014 . The Standard. Others have opted to walk instead of driving.https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-10-12/movie-stars-swap-limos-for-subway-in-hong-kong-protest.html Movie Stars Swap Limos for Subway in Hong Kong Protest 13 October 2014 Bloomberg https://web.archive.org/web/20150111201915/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-10-12/movie-stars-swap-limos-for-subway-in-hong-kong-protest.html? 11 January 2015 4 March 2017 live Taxi drivers reported a fall in income as they had to advise passengers to use the MTR when faced with jams, diversions or blockaded roads.http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/10/4/hong-kong-democracy.html Hong Kong residents slowly losing patience with protests 28 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141106115831/http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/10/4/hong-kong-democracy.html 6 November 2014 live Hong Kong Taxi Owners' Association claimed its members' incomes had declined by 30 per cent since the protests started.https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-10-20/hong-kong-court-bans-street-occupation-as-police-warn-of-riot-.html Hong Kong Court Bans Occupations as Police Warn of Riot Davis Alex 20 October 2014 Bloomberg 28 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141028061413/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-10-20/hong-kong-court-bans-street-occupation-as-police-warn-of-riot-.html 28 October 2014 live Levels of PM2.5 particulate matter at the three sites declined to within the recommended safety levels of the World Health Organization. An editorial in the South China Morning Post noted that, on 29 September, the air quality in all three of the occupied areas had markedly improved. The health risk posed by airborne pollutants was "low" – it was usually "high" – and there was a steep fall in the concentration of NO2. It said: "without a policy shift, after the demonstrations have ended, we will have to rely on our memories of the protest days for what clean vehicles on our roads mean for air quality".Protesters who blocked roads also cleared Hong Kong's polluted air https://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/1612281/protesters-who-blocked-roads-also-cleared-hong-kongs 25 December 2014 South China Morning Post 9 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141226014455/http://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/1612281/protesters-who-blocked-roads-also-cleared-hong-kongs 26 December 2014 live Nursery, primary and secondary schools within the Central and Western catchment areas were suspended from 29 September onwards. Classes for 25,000 primary students and 30,000 secondary students resumed on 7 October.South China Morning Post, DAY EIGHT: Full coverage.South China Morning Post DAY NINE: Full coverage (7.45 pm)Lau, Kenneth; Wong, Hilary (8 October 2014). "Back to school" https://web.archive.org/web/20141012180355/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=150130&sid=43116820&con_type=3&d_str=20141007&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 12 October 2014 . The Standard. Kindergartens and nursery schools resumed operations on 9 October, adding to the traffic burden. The Hong Kong Retail Management Association reported that chain stores takings declined between 30 and 45 per cent during the period 1–5 October in Admiralty, Central and Causeway Bay.https://lfpress.com/2014/10/07/hong-kong-protests-at-crossroads-talks-to-start-on-friday Hong Kong protests at crossroads The London Free Press 8 October 2014 7 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141012111805/http://www.lfpress.com/2014/10/07/hong-kong-protests-at-crossroads-talks-to-start-on-friday 12 October 2014 live The media reported that some shops and banks in the protest areas were shuttered.http://www.ktuu.com/how-hong-kong-protests-are-affecting-travel/28329016?item=1 How Hong Kong protests are affecting travel KTUU.com 8 October 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141013151519/http://www.ktuu.com/how-hong-kong-protests-are-affecting-travel/28329016?item=1 13 October 2014 According to the World Bank, the protests were damaging Hong Kong's economy while China remained largely unaffected. Although the Hang Seng Index fell by 2.59% during the "Golden Week", it recovered and trading volume rose considerably.http://qz.com/275559/tourism-is-actually-up-during-hong-kongs-protests-and-other-economic-surprises/ Tourism is actually up during Hong Kong's protests, and other economic surprises Quartz Timmons Heather 8 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160403111659/http://qz.com/275559/tourism-is-actually-up-during-hong-kongs-protests-and-other-economic-surprises/ 3 April 2016 live Shanghai Daily published on 4 October estimated that the protests had cost Hong Kong HK$40 billion ($5.2 billion), with tourism and retail reportedly being hardest hit. However, tourist numbers for the "Golden Week" (beginning 1 October) were 4.83% higher than the previous year, according to the Hong Kong Tourism Board. While substantial losses by retailer were predicted, some stores reported a marked increase in sales. Triad gangs, which had reportedly suffered a 40% decline in revenues, were implicated in the attacks in Mong Kok, where some of the worst violence had occurred.https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-10-09/hong-kong-s-triads-see-underworld-business-squeezed-by-protests.html Triads See Underworld Business Hurt by Hong Kong Protests Bloomberg Tweed David Lau Dominic 10 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150218002625/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-10-09/hong-kong-s-triads-see-underworld-business-squeezed-by-protests 18 February 2015 live https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hongkong-china-idUSKCN0HZ04R20141010 Thousands of Hong Kong protesters regroup after government rejects talks Reuters Kwok Donny Chan Diana 10 October 2014 5 September 2016 14 October 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151014195336/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/10/10/us-hongkong-china-idUSKCN0HZ04R20141010 livezh:國安策劃反佔中 上海仔頭馬搞亂旺角 China Security plotted against Occupy Central; "Shanghai Kid" gangsters mingling in Mong Kok http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/first/20141007/18892050 7 October 2014 7 October 2014 20 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141020105813/http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/first/20141007/18892050 deadOccupy protests had little impact on HK economy: report http://www.ejinsight.com/20141216-hk-economy-not-affected-much-by-occupy-protests/ 25 December 2014 ejinsight.com 16 December 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141218235634/http://www.ejinsight.com/20141216-hk-economy-not-affected-much-by-occupy-protests/ 18 December 2014 livehttps://www.thetimes.com/best-law-firms/profile-legal/article/hired-thugs-attack-hong-kong-democracy-protesters-dscp3xv8pv7 Hired thugs attack Hong Kong democracy protesters The Times Lewis, Leo 11 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20250815193723/https://www.thetimes.com/best-law-firms/profile-legal/article/hired-thugs-attack-hong-kong-democracy-protesters-dscp3xv8pv7 15 August 2025 live Economic effects seemed either to be extremely localised or transient, and in any event much less than the dire predictions of business lobbies. One of the hardest hit may have been the Hong Kong Tramways Company, which reported a decline in revenues of US$1 million.Tsang Emily https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1651188/tramways-loses-hk78-million-revenue-after-being-stopped-its-tracks?page=all Tramways loses HK$7.8 million revenue after being stopped in its tracks 25 December 2014 South China Morning Post 29 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141224010251/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1651188/tramways-loses-hk78-million-revenue-after-being-stopped-its-tracks?page=all 24 December 2014 liveTimmons Heather Lam Danni These businesses really got creamed during Hong Kong's Umbrella Movement http://qz.com/314976/these-businesses-really-got-creamed-during-hong-kongs-umbrella-movement/ 25 December 2014 Quartz 19 December 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141226103138/http://qz.com/314976/these-businesses-really-got-creamed-during-hong-kongs-umbrella-movement/ 26 December 2014 live An economist said that the future stability will depend on political governance, namely if political issues such as income gaps and political reforms will be addressed. Effects on Hong Kong society The protests have caused strong differences of opinion in Hong Kong society, with a "yellow (pro-occupy) vs. blue (anti-occupy)" war being fought, and unfriending on social media, such as Facebook.Mary Ma (9 October 2014). "Zen 'unfriends' Lai ..." https://web.archive.org/web/20150602010904/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=49&art_id=150216&sid=43129605&con_type=1&d_str=20141009&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 2 June 2015 . The Standard Hong Kong people who oppose the Occupy protests do so for a number of different reasons. A significant part of the population, refugees from Communist China in the 1950s and 1960s, lived through the turmoil of the Hong Kong 1967 Leftist riots. Others feel that the protesters are too idealistic, and fear upsetting the PRC leadership and the possibility of another repeat of the crackdown that ended the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989.https://edition.cnn.com/2014/10/07/world/asia/hong-kong-protest-explainer/index.html Who's who in the Hong Kong protests? 7 October 2014 CNN 12 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141012035704/http://edition.cnn.com/2014/10/07/world/asia/hong-kong-protest-explainer/index.html 12 October 2014 live However, the overwhelming reason is the disruption to the lives of ordinary citizens caused by roads blocked, traffic jams, school closures, and financial loss to businesses (including in particular those run by the Triads in Mong Kok). According to some reports, the police actions on the protesters has resulted in a breakdown of citizens' trust in the previously respected police force. The police deny accusations that they failed to act diligently. The media have reported on individuals who have quit their jobs, or students abroad who have rushed home to become a part of history, and one protester saw this as "the best and last opportunity for Hong Kong people's voices to be heard, as Beijing's influence grows increasingly stronger". Police officers have been working 18-hour shifts to the detriment of their family lives. Front line police officers, in addition to working long hours, being attacked and abused on the streets, are under unprecedented stress at home. Psychologists working with police officers in the field report that some felt humiliated as they may have been unfriended on Facebook, and family may blame them for their perceived roles in suppressing the protests.https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/hong-kong-protests-police-officers-upset-at-being-unfriended-on-facebook-9787447.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/hong-kong-protests-police-officers-upset-at-being-unfriended-on-facebook-9787447.html 1 May 2022 subscription live Hong Kong protests: Police officers upset at being 'un-friended' on Facebook The Independent 12 October 2014 London Lizzie Dearden 10 October 2014Zhao, Shirley (10 October 2014). "Emotional Toll Police Handling Occupy Protests Psychologists Say" https://web.archive.org/web/20260131224547/https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1613203/emotional-toll-police-handling-occupy-protests-psychologists-say 31 January 2026 . South China Morning PostJasmine Siu, Hilary Wong and Kevin Cheng (20 October 2014). "Top cop tells of stress in line" https://web.archive.org/web/20150602014816/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=150531&sid=43192767&con_type=1&d_str=20141020&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 2 June 2015 . The Standard Although the media has often dubbed it "Asia's Finest", the reputation of the police has taken a serious drubbing following the heavy-handed treatment of protesters, as well as police brutality captured on camera and made viral. Andy Tsang, the police commissioner appointed in 2011, is held responsible for the procedural escalation of police violence in the face of protesters, through deployment of riot police and 87 instances in which tear gas was released; dispersal of unarmed students also caused disquiet among senior police staffers.https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-10-02/tear-gas-erodes-hong-kong-police-force-s-hard-won-reputation Tear Gas Erodes Hong Kong Police Force's Hard-Won Reputation Tweed David 3 October 2014 Bloomberg L.P. https://web.archive.org/web/20191117033143/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-10-02/tear-gas-erodes-hong-kong-police-force-s-hard-won-reputation 17 November 2019 4 March 2017 live In an opinion poll of Hong Kong citizens carried out since 4 October by Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 59% of the 850 people surveyed supported the protesters in their refusal to accept the government plan for the 2017 election. 29% of those questioned, the largest proportion, blamed the violence that had occurred during the demonstrations on the chief Executive CY Leung.https://www.economist.com/news/china/21623768-officials-hope-wear-protesters-down-time-may-be-side-students-waiting The waiting game The Economist 11 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160721081959/http://www.economist.com/news/china/21623768-officials-hope-wear-protesters-down-time-may-be-side-students-waiting 21 July 2016 live Triad involvement and counterprotester recruitment allegations right|thumb|Anti-Occupy protesters in Causeway Bay, 12 October The BBC showed video footage from a Hong Kong TV network which appeared to show 'anti-Occupy protesters' being hired and transported to an Occupy protest site. The 'protesters', many of whom were initially unaware of what they were being paid to do, were secretly filmed on the bus being handed money by the organiser. Anonymous police sources informed the BBC Newsnight investigation that "back-up was strangely unforthcoming" to scenes of violence. The South China Morning Post also reported claims that people from poor districts were being offered up to HK$800 per day, via WhatsApp messaging, to participate in anti-Occupy riots.http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/07/world/asia/hong-kong-police-public-trust The end of trust? Hong Kong sees police force in a new light CNN 7 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150629183636/http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/07/world/asia/hong-kong-police-public-trust/ 29 June 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1609827/i-wasnt-scared-tear-gas-i-was-when-i-was-groped-christine-says I wasn't scared of tear gas but I was when I was groped, 'Christine' says South China Morning Post 5 October 2014 8 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141008031832/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1609827/i-wasnt-scared-tear-gas-i-was-when-i-was-groped-christine-says 8 October 2014 live The Hong Kong police has stated that up to 200 gangsters from two major triads may have infiltrated the camps of Occupy Central supporters, although their exact motives are as yet unknown. A police officer explained the police could not arrest the triad gangsters there "if they do nothing more than singing songs for democracy".https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1615353/police-says-triads-sent-infiltrators-camps-occupy-supporters-and Triads infiltrated camps of Occupy supporters and detractors, say police South China Morning Post 12 October 2014 5 October 2025 https://web.archive.org/web/20251126093912/https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1615353/police-says-triads-sent-infiltrators-camps-occupy-supporters-and 26 November 2025 live A 2013 editorial in the Taipei Times of Taiwan described the pro-Beijing "grass-roots" organisations in Hong Kong: "Since Leung has been in office, three organizations – Voice of Loving Hong Kong, Caring Hong Kong Power and the Hong Kong Youth Care Association – have appeared on the scene and have been playing the role of Leung's hired "thugs", using Cultural Revolution-style language and methods to oppose Hong Kong's pan-democratic parties and groups."http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/editorials/archives/2013/09/09/2003571680 Cultural revolution replayed in HK Taipei Times Lin Paul 9 September 2013 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160303212441/http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/editorials/archives/2013/09/09/2003571680 3 March 2016 live Both Apple Daily and the Taiwan Central News Agency, as well as some pan-democrat legislators in Hong Kong, have named the Ministry of State Security and Ministry of Public Security as being responsible for the attacks.http://www.rfa.org/mandarin/Xinwen/jyxw-10082014161946.html zh:大陆派便衣入港曝光：组织黑道攻击"占中" Exposing PRC's mission to Hong Kong as ordinary citizens: Mob triads attacking Occupy Central Radio Free Asia zh 8 October 2014 8 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141015043244/http://www.rfa.org/mandarin/Xinwen/jyxw-10082014161946.html 15 October 2014 livehttp://www.straitstimes.com/news/asia/east-asia/story/hong-kong-protests-who-are-behind-fridays-triad-attacks-protesters-2014100 Hong Kong protests: Who are behind Friday's triad attacks on protesters? The Straits Times 4 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20141211235024/http://www.straitstimes.com/news/asia/east-asia/story/hong-kong-protests-who-are-behind-fridays-triad-attacks-protesters-2014100 11 December 2014 live Legislative Council member James To alleged that "The police is happy to let the triad elements to threaten the students, at least for several hours, to see whether they would disperse or not." He added, "Someone, with political motive, is utilising the triad to clear the crowd, so as to help the government to advance their cause."https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-29522392 Hong Kong: Triad gangs accused of intimidating protesters BBC 7 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20210308073824/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-29522392 8 March 2021 live Amnesty International condemned the police for "[failing] in their duty to protect protesters from attacks" and stated that women were attacked, threatened, and sexually assaulted while police watched and did nothing. An analysis in Harbour Times suggested that local businesses, some of which pay protection money to triads, stood to be affected by an occupation, dismissing the suggestion that the police cooperated with the triads during the protests. The journal also criticised police response for being "at first disorganised and slow," but noted that they did provide an escort to protesters who wished to leave the area, and that offers of assistance from the police were likely met with skepticism due to low levels of trust from the protesters. Commander Paul Edmiston of the police admitted officers had been working long hours and had received heavy criticism. Responding to accusations that police chose not to protect the protesters, he said: "No matter what we do, we're criticized for doing too little or too much. We can't win." Local media coverage Media of Hong Kong Many of Hong Kong's media outlets are owned by local tycoons who have significant business ties in the mainland, so they all adopt self-censorship at some level and have mostly maintained a conservative editorial line in their coverage of the protests.https://www.huffingtonpost.com/amy-wu/hong-kongs-alternative-re_b_6028004.html Hong Kong's 'Alternative' Revolution: Facebook, House News, and Passion Times HuffPost 22 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20160619095806/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/amy-wu/hong-kongs-alternative-re_b_6028004.html 19 June 2016 21 February 2020 live Next Media, being Hong Kong's only openly pro-democracy media conglomerate, has been the target of blockades by anti-Occupy protesters, cyberattacks, and hijacks of their delivery trucks. The uneven spread of viewpoints on traditional media has turned young people to social media for news, which The Guardian has described as making the protests "the best-documented social movement in history, with even its quieter moments generating a maelstrom of status updates, shares and likes." https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/29/hong-kong-protests-confidence-media Hong Kong protests bring crisis of confidence for traditional media 29 October 2014 29 October 2014 The Guardian Kaiman Jonathan People at protest sites now rely on alternative media whose launches were propelled by the protests, also called "umbrella revolution", or actively covered news from a perspective not found in traditional journals. Even the recently defunct House News resurrected itself, reformatted as The House News Bloggers. Radical viewpoints are catered for at Hong Kong Peanut, and Passion Times – run by Civic Passion. Beating of Ken Tsang thumb|left|upright=1.5|Still frame of seven plainclothes police officers assaulting a handcuffed protester. Disputed heading (拳打腳踢) was subtitled. 210px right seven plainclothes police officers beating up a handcuffed protesterThe prominent local station, TVB, originally broadcast footage of police officers beating a protester on 15 October, but the station experienced internal conflict during the broadcast.Kenneth Lau and Jasmine Siu (16 October 2014). "Reporters voice anger at TVB" https://web.archive.org/web/20141024062236/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=150444&sid=43171371&con_type=1&d_str=20141016&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 24 October 2014 . The Standard. The pre-dawn broadcasts soundtrack mentioning "punching and kicking" was re-recorded to say that the officers were "suspected of using excessive force". https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1618746/tvb-boss-backs-news-chiefs-handling-police-beating?comment-sort= TVB boss backs news chief's handling of police 'beating' 18 October 2014 18 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150109033838/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1618746/tvb-boss-backs-news-chiefs-handling-police-beating?comment-sort= 9 January 2015 live Secret audio recordings from an internal meeting were uploaded onto YouTube that included the voice of TVB director Keith Yuen Chi-wai asking "On what grounds can we say officers dragged him to a dark corner, and punched and kicked him?" The protester was later named as Civic Party member Ken Tsang, who was also a member of the Election Committee that returned CY Leung as the city's Chief Executive. About 57 journalists expressed their dissatisfaction with the handling of the broadcast. A petition by TVB staff to management protesting the handling of the event was signed by news staff. The list grew to 80+ people including employees from sports, economics and other departments.http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/world/breakingnews/1134335 zh:「TVB新聞女神」驚傳要走人 網友揣測是「被辭職」 TVB News Goddess, Snowy Choi, suddenly rumoured to have left; netizens speculating 'forced resignation' 18 October 2014 Liberty Times 18 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141019173506/http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/world/breakingnews/1134335 19 October 2014 live In 2015, the video, entitled "Suspected Police Brutality Against Occupy Central Movement's Protester", was declared the Best TV news item at the 55th Monte Carlo TV Festival; it was praised for its "comprehensive, objective and professional" report. It also won a prize at the Edward E. Murrow Awards in the Hard News category.http://www.ejinsight.com/20150623-tvb-footage-of-police-beating-protester-wins-journalism-award/ TVB footage of 'police beating protester' wins journalism award EJ Insight 23 June 2015 23 June 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150623162103/http://www.ejinsight.com/20150623-tvb-footage-of-police-beating-protester-wins-journalism-award/ 23 June 2015 live Internet security firm CloudFlare said that, like for the attacks on PopVote sponsored by OCLP earlier in the year, the volume of junk traffic aimed at paralysing Apple Daily servers was an unprecedented 500 Gbit/s and involved at least five botnets. Servers were bombarded with in excess of 250 million DNS requests per second, equivalent to the average volume of DNS requests for the entire Internet. And where the attacks do not succeed directly, they have caused some internet service providers to pre-emptively block such sites under attack to protect their own servers and lines.https://www.forbes.com/sites/parmyolson/2014/11/20/the-largest-cyber-attack-in-history-has-been-hitting-hong-kong-sites/ The Largest Cyber Attack in History Has Been Hitting Hong Kong Sites Olson Parmy 20 November 2014 Forbes https://web.archive.org/web/20190403010112/https://www.forbes.com/sites/parmyolson/2014/11/20/the-largest-cyber-attack-in-history-has-been-hitting-hong-kong-sites/ 3 April 2019 23 August 2017 live Chinese government and media Beijing is generally reported as being concerned about similar popular demands for political reform on the mainland that would erode the Communist Party's hold on power. Reuters sources revealed that the decision to offer no concessions was made at a meeting of the National Security Commission of the Chinese Communist Party chaired by General secretary Xi Jinping in the first week of October. "[We] move back one step and the dam will burst," a source was reported as saying, referring to mainland provinces such as Xinjiang and Tibet making similar demands for democratic elections.https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hongkong-china-idUSKCN0ID0AY20141024 Protesters in Hong Kong to vote on government proposals Reuters Chan Diana Kwok Donny 24 October 2014 5 September 2016 29 September 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150929183520/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/10/24/us-hongkong-china-idUSKCN0ID0AY20141024 livehttps://www.reuters.com/article/us-hongkong-china-beijing-idUSKCN0I315G20141014?feedType=RSS&feedName=everything&virtualBrandChannel=11563 China won't cede to HK protests, army used only as last resort-sources Reuters Benkamin Kang Lim Blanchard Ben 14 October 2014 5 September 2016 24 September 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150924205338/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/10/14/us-hongkong-china-beijing-idUSKCN0I315G20141014?feedType=RSS&feedName=everything&virtualBrandChannel=11563 live The New York Times China correspondents say that the strategy for dealing with the crisis in Hong Kong was being planned under supervision from the top-tier national leadership, which was being briefed on a daily basis. According to the report, Hong Kong officials are in meetings behind the scenes with mainland officials in neighbouring Shenzhen, at a resort owned by the central government liaison office.Keith Bradsher and Chris Buckley, (18 October 2014). "Beijing Is Directing Hong Kong Strategy" https://web.archive.org/web/20161103150524/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/18/world/asia/china-is-directing-response-to-hong-kong-protests.html 3 November 2016 . The New York Times Beijing's direct involvement was confirmed subsequently by pro-establishment figures in Hong Kong.http://www.ejinsight.com/20150326-has-leung-really-secured-beijings-blessing-to-seek-second-term/ Has Leung really secured Beijing's blessing to seek second term? EJ Insight 27 March 2015 27 March 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150329003732/http://www.ejinsight.com/20150326-has-leung-really-secured-beijings-blessing-to-seek-second-term/ 29 March 2015 live The HKFS, which had been hoping to send a delegation to meet with the leadership in Beijing, was rebuffed by Tung Chee-hwa, vice-chairman of the NPC, whom they asked to help set up the meetings."Students urge NPC deputies to intercede" https://web.archive.org/web/20141110044835/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?we_cat=4&art_id=151221&sid=43333705&con_type=1&d_str=20141110&fc=1 10 November 2014 . Kenneth Lau, (10 November 2014)http://www.straitstimes.com/news/asia/east-asia/story/ex-hong-kong-chief-exec-tung-chee-hwa-says-china-wont-change-mind-democrac Ex-Hong Kong Chief Exec Tung Chee Hwa says China won't change mind on democracy: Paper The Straits Times 9 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141111114135/http://www.straitstimes.com/news/asia/east-asia/story/ex-hong-kong-chief-exec-tung-chee-hwa-says-china-wont-change-mind-democrac 11 November 2014 11 November 2014 live Chinese Communist Party general secretary Xi Jinping stated his support for CY Leung on the 44th day of the occupation, saying the occupation was a "direct challenge not just to the SAR and its governance but also to Beijing". Xi also said that Leung's administration must govern to safeguard the rule of law and maintain social order.Luk, Eddie; Wong, Hilary (10 November 2014). "Occupy Central 'is challenging Beijing'" https://web.archive.org/web/20141110044610/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=151206&sid=43333773&con_type=1&d_str=20141110&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 10 November 2014 . The Standard. Censorship On 28 September it emerged that Chinese government authorities had issued the following censorship directive: "All websites must immediately clear away information about Hong Kong students violently assaulting the government and about 'Occupy Central.' Promptly report any issues. Strictly manage interactive channels, and resolutely delete harmful information. This [directive] must be followed precisely."http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2014/09/minitrue-delete-harmful-information-hong-kong/ Minitrue: Delete Harmful Information on Hong Kong China Digital Times Rudolph Josh 28 September 2014 3 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20210310124252/https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2014/09/minitrue-delete-harmful-information-hong-kong/ 10 March 2021 livehttps://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1603840/doomed-protests-will-not-change-beijings-decision-political-reform 'Doomed' protests will not change Beijing's decision on political reform, warns Chinese state paper South China Morning Post Griffiths James 29 September 2014 3 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141002083345/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1603840/doomed-protests-will-not-change-beijings-decision-political-reform 2 October 2014 livehttps://www.reuters.com/article/us-hongkong-china-internet-idUSKCN0HO1KV20140929 China censors try to blunt Hong Kong protests, don't always succeed Reuters Carsten Paul 29 September 2014 3 October 2014 3 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141003010610/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/09/29/us-hongkong-china-internet-idUSKCN0HO1KV20140929 live Censors rapidly deleted messages internet posts with words such as "Hong Kong," "barricades", "Occupy Central" and "umbrella".Jacobs, Andrew (30 September 2014). "Chinese Web Censors Struggle With Hong Kong Protest" https://web.archive.org/web/20170225030633/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/01/world/asia/chinese-web-censors-struggle-with-hong-kong-protest.html 25 February 2017 . The New York Times.https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-29409533 Instagram appears blocked in China BBC News 29 September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141129223651/http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-29409533 29 November 2014 21 June 2018 live Sections of the CNN reporting from Hong Kong was also disrupted. Most Chinese newspapers have not covered the protests except for editorials critical of the protests and devoid of any context,https://edition.cnn.com/2014/10/06/opinion/china-media-protests-young/index.html Opinion: How China controls Hong Kong protest coverage 7 October 2014 CNN 12 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141012111435/http://edition.cnn.com/2014/10/06/opinion/china-media-protests-young/index.html 12 October 2014 live or articles mentioning the negative impact of the occupation.http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2014/09/china-hong-kong-protests-media-war-201493010055870127.html The media war for Hong Kong Duggan Jennifer Al Jazeera 31 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141104140929/http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2014/09/china-hong-kong-protests-media-war-201493010055870127.html 4 November 2014 live The Chinese website of the BBC was completely blocked after a video showing the violent assault on a protester by police on 15 October hosted on the site went viral.http://www.straitstimes.com/news/asia/east-asia/story/hong-kong-protests-china-blocks-bbc-website-after-police-brutality-video-g Hong Kong protests: China blocks BBC website after police brutality video goes viral The Straits Times 16 October 2014 15 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141016002110/http://www.straitstimes.com/news/asia/east-asia/story/hong-kong-protests-china-blocks-bbc-website-after-police-brutality-video-g 16 October 2014 live Amnesty International reported that dozens of Chinese people have been arrested for showing support for the protests.https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/ASA17/053/2014/en/ China: Detained For Supporting Hong Kong Protests Amnesty International 9 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160109062115/http://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/ASA17/053/2014/en/ 9 January 2016 live Facebook and Twitter are already blocked on the mainland, and now as a result of the sharing of images of the protests, PRC censors have now blocked Instagram.https://www.theguardian.com/world/shortcuts/2014/oct/01/hong-kong-protestor-689-democracy-cy-leung-electoral-system Why are Hong Kong's protesters rallying around the number 689? The Guardian October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20170108004521/https://www.theguardian.com/world/shortcuts/2014/oct/01/hong-kong-protestor-689-democracy-cy-leung-electoral-system/ 8 January 2017 10 December 2016 live However, Reuters noted that searches for "Umbrella Revolution" up to 30 September escaped censors on Sina Weibo but not on Tencent Weibo.https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hongkong-china-censorship-idUSKCN0HP0H120140930 HK protests' 'Umbrella Revolution' tag escapes China's censors – so far Reuters 31 October 2014 30 September 2014 29 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141029150141/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/09/30/us-hongkong-china-censorship-idUSKCN0HP0H120140930 live Despite this, certain American-funded reporting by the Voice of America and Radio Free Asia was able to break through some of the internet censors and provide information on the protests to residents in mainland China.http://www.bbg.gov/blog/2014/10/06/voa-rfa-evade-chinese-government-censors-with-coverage-of-hong-kong-protests/ VOA, RFA Evade Chinese Government Censors, Cover Hong Kong Protests 6 October 2014 6 July 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20150330035734/http://www.bbg.gov/blog/2014/10/06/voa-rfa-evade-chinese-government-censors-with-coverage-of-hong-kong-protests/ 30 March 2015 live Allegations of foreign interference Mainland Chinese officials and media have repeatedly alleged that outside forces formented the protests. Li Fei, the first Chinese official to address Hong Kong about the NPCSC decision, accused democracy advocates of being tools for subversion by Western forces who were set at undermining the authority of the Communist Party. Li alleged that they were "sowing confusion" and "misleading society". In the summer, leading activists met with members of the Sunflower Movement in Taiwan, where they learned about tactics and strategies used by Sunflower Movement protesters. Alex Chow stated that they thought that the "strategies and tactics used by Taiwanese protesters during the Sunflower Movement could help move the conversation forward in Hong Kong, since we were in the process of figuring out how to proceed with the Occupy Central Movement in March 2014".The 2014 cross-strait trade protest that bonded Taiwanese and Hong Kongers https://hongkonger.world/2024/04/17/the-2014-cross-strait-trade-protest-that-bonded-taiwanese-and-hong-kongers/ The Hong Konger 17 April 2024 16 July 2025 https://web.archive.org/web/20260218000028/https://hongkonger.world/2024/04/17/the-2014-cross-strait-trade-protest-that-bonded-taiwanese-and-hong-kongers/ 18 February 2026 live An op-ed published by the People's Daily alleged that in addition to the meeting in Taiwan, protest organisers first sought support from the United Kingdom and the United States.zh:香港佔中 中國怪罪台灣太陽花學運 China blames Sunflower Student Movement for Occupy Central http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/world/breakingnews/1118976 Liberty Times 30 September 2014 zh 5 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141006071042/http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/world/breakingnews/1118976 6 October 2014 livehttp://opinion.people.com.cn/n/2014/0929/c1003-25761887.html zh:没有人比全体中国人更关心香港的前途命运 Nobody cares about Hong Kong's destiny more than all Chinese nationals People's Daily zh 5 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141002084309/http://opinion.people.com.cn/n/2014/0929/c1003-25761887.html 2 October 2014 live A pro-Beijing journal in Hong Kong alleged that Joshua Wong had been cultivated by "US forces".https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/01/joshua-wong-teenager-public-face-hong-kong-protests Joshua Wong: the teenager who is the public face of the Hong Kong protests The Guardian 12 October 2014 October 2014 Branigan Tania https://web.archive.org/web/20171118083053/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/01/joshua-wong-teenager-public-face-hong-kong-protests 18 November 2017 live In one of numerous editorials condemning the occupation, the People's Daily said "The US may enjoy the sweet taste of interfering in other countries' internal affairs, but on the issue of Hong Kong it stands little chance of overcoming the determination of the Chinese government to maintain stability and prosperity".http://qz.com/281933/the-us-is-no-role-model-in-hong-kongs-democracy-fight/ The US is no role model in Hong Kong's democracy fight Timmons Heather 19 October 2014 Quartz 30 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141203044240/http://qz.com/281933/the-us-is-no-role-model-in-hong-kongs-democracy-fight/ 3 December 2014 live It alleged that the US National Endowment for Democracy was behind the protests, and that a director of the organisation had met with protest leaders.http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/n/2014/1011/c98649-8793283.html Why is the US so keen on 'Color Revolutions'? People's Daily 11 October 2014 11 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141013142912/http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/n/2014/1011/c98649-8793283.html 13 October 2014 live On 15 October, an unnamed Chinese government official stated that "interference certainly exists", citing "the statements and the rhetoric and the behaviour of the outside forces of political figures, of some parliamentarians and individual media".https://www.reuters.com/article/hongkong-china-media-idUSL3N0SA4H120141015 China asks foreign media to report Hong Kong unrest "objectively" Reuters 15 October 2014 5 September 2016 24 September 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150924205357/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/10/15/hongkong-china-media-idUSL3N0SA4H120141015 live In a televised interview on 19 October, Chief Executive CY Leung echoed Chinese claims about foreign responsibility for the protests, but declined to give details until an "appropriate time".Cheng, Kevin (20 October 2014). "Foreign countries backing Occupy: Leung" https://web.archive.org/web/20150602013027/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=150516&sid=43192998&con_type=1&d_str=20141020&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 2 June 2015 . The Standard Six months later, on 22 April 2015, a reporter asked Leung, "has that time come yet?" Leung simply responded, "Well, I stand by what I say."Transcript of remarks by CE at media session http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201504/22/P201504220388.htm Press releases Hong Kong Government 22 April 2015 22 April 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20160218071341/http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201504/22/P201504220388.htm 18 February 2016 live Three years later, Leung had yet to provide the promised substantiation.https://www.hongkongfp.com/2017/10/29/1103-days-still-waiting-cy-leungs-occupy-foreign-plot-evidence/ After 1,103 days we're still waiting: Where is CY Leung's 'Occupy was a foreign plot' evidence? Price David 29 October 2017 Hong Kong Free Press 30 October 2017 The US State Department has categorically rejected accusations of interference, calling the charges "an attempt to distract from...the people expressing their desire for universal suffrage." https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/11/chinese-paper-blames-us-hong-kong-democracy-protests Chinese state-run paper blames US for Hong Kong democracy protests 11 October 2014 11 October 2014 The Guardian Associated Press The South China Morning Post characterised claims of foreign interference as "vastly exaggerated",https://www.scmp.com/comment/article/1594919/beijings-problem-hong-kong-not-foreign-interference-western-ideas?page=all Beijing's problem in Hong Kong is not foreign interference but Western ideas Lo Alex 14 September 2014 10 December 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141219220258/http://www.scmp.com/comment/article/1594919/beijings-problem-hong-kong-not-foreign-interference-western-ideas?page=all 19 December 2014 live and longtime Hong Kong democracy advocate Martin Lee said such claims were a "'convenient excuse' for Beijing to cover its shame for not granting the territory true democracy as it once promised."https://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-hong-kong-democracy-lee-20141029-story.html Hong Kong democracy stalwart says 'foreign forces' not behind protests Los Angeles Times 29 October 2014 5 September 2016 Echo Hui https://web.archive.org/web/20160907190556/http://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-hong-kong-democracy-lee-20141029-story.html 7 September 2016 live The China Media Project of the University of Hong Kong noted that the phrase "hostile forces" (zh-hans 敌对势力) – a hardline Stalinist term – has been frequently used in a conspiracy theory alleging foreign sources of instigation.http://cmp.hku.hk/2014/10/10/36410/ The 'black hands' of Occupy Central China Media Project 10 October 2014 12 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141013024302/http://cmp.hku.hk/2014/10/10/36410/ 13 October 2014 dead Apart from being used as a straightforward means to avoid blame, analysts said that Chinese claims of foreign involvement, which may be rooted in Marxist ideology, or simply in an authoritarian belief that "spontaneity is impossible", are "a pre-emptive strike making it very difficult for the American and British governments" to support the protests.https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1607242/chinese-media-blames-foreigners-over-occupy-protests Chinese media blames foreigners over Occupy protests South China Morning Post Kwok Kristine Ng Teddy 15 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160630202258/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1607242/chinese-media-blames-foreigners-over-occupy-protests 30 June 2016 live Law and order On 1 October, China News Service criticised the protesters for "bringing shame to the rule of law in Hong Kong"; the People's Daily said that the Beijing stance on Hong Kong's elections is "unshakeable" and legally valid. Stating that the illegal occupation was hurting Hong Kong, it warned of "unimaginable consequences"http://paper.people.com.cn/rmrb/html/2014-10/01/nw.D110000renmrb_20141001_5-04.htm?_ga=1.14360959.974976049.1412183977 zh:珍惜良好发展局面 维护香港繁荣稳定 Cherish the good situation; Maintain Hong Kong's prosperity and security 1 October 2014 People's Daily zh 5 October 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110659/http://paper.people.com.cn/rmrb/html/2014-10/01/nw.D110000renmrb_20141001_5-04.htm?_ga=1.14360959.974976049.1412183977 6 October 2014 Some observers remarked that the editorial was similar to the April 26 Editorial that foreshadowed the suppression of the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989.http://qz.com/274141/beijing-just-sent-a-chilling-message-to-hong-kongs-umbrella-revolution/ Beijing just sent a chilling message to Hong Kong's umbrella revolution Quartz October 2014 5 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141006005314/http://qz.com/274141/beijing-just-sent-a-chilling-message-to-hong-kongs-umbrella-revolution/ 6 October 2014 livehttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-29454326 Hong Kong protests: Echoes of Tiananmen BBC 2 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160102044412/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-29454326 2 January 2016 live A state television editorial urged authorities to "deploy police enforcement decisively" and "restore the social order in Hong Kong as soon as possible," and again warned of "unimaginable consequences",http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/china-warns-hong-kong-protesters-of-unimaginable-consequences-1.2783437 Hong Kong protesters poised to occupy buildings if leader won't budge Canadian Broadcasting Corporation 1 October 2014 3 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141001232218/http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/china-warns-hong-kong-protesters-of-unimaginable-consequences-1.2783437 1 October 2014 live and a front page commentary in People's Daily on 3 October repeated that the protests "could lead to deaths and injuries and other grave consequences."zh:人民日报评论员：坚决维护香港的法治 Commentary: Determined to uphold Hong Kong's rule of law http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2014-10/03/c_1112710243.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20141006053202/http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2014-10/03/c_1112710243.htm dead 6 October 2014 People's Daily zh 3 October 2014 6 October 2014 By 6 October, official Chinese media outlets called for "all the people to create an anti-Occupy Central atmosphere in the society". The protesters were described as "going against the principle of democracy". A commentary in the China Review News claimed that "the US is now hesitant in its support for the Occupy Central. If those campaign organisers suddenly soften their approach, it will show that their American masters are giving out a different order."https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-29502144 China media: 'Harmonious environment' absent for Hong Kong talks BBC 6 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20141006063525/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-29502144 6 October 2014 livehttp://hk.crntt.com/doc/1034/1/5/3/103415302_2.html?coluid=93&kindid=5771&docid=103415302&mdate=1006000514 zh:中評：美方應摸清了中方的香港底牌 中國評論通訊社 zh 6 October 2014 6 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20220217015824/http://hk.crntt.com/doc/1034/1/5/3/103415302_2.html?coluid=93&kindid=5771&docid=103415302&mdate=1006000514 17 February 2022 live BEWARE: It may contain malware. Chinese government officials have routinely affirmed the Chinese government's firm support for the chief Executive and for the continued "necessary, reasonable and lawful" actions by the police against the illegal protests.https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/19/hong-kong-protests-external-forces-blamed Hong Kong protests: 'external forces' blamed by chief executive The Guardian 31 October 2014 19 October 2014 Kaiman Jonathanhttps://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29454443 China media defend Hong Kong chief executive BBC News 31 October 2014 2 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141003112600/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29454443 3 October 2014 live Other pronouncements While the Western press noticed the apparent silence of Hong Kong's richest businessmen since the occupation began,Bradsher, Keith (22 October 2014). "Amid Clamor Over Democracy, Hong Kong's Tycoons Keep Silent" https://web.archive.org/web/20180316172017/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/23/world/asia/amid-clamor-over-democracy-hong-kongs-tycoons-keeping-quiet.html 16 March 2018 . The New York Times.http://www.todayonline.com/chinaindia/china/hong-kongs-tycoons-silent-democracy-protests Hong Kong's tycoons silent on democracy protests TODAY 28 October 2014 26 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141026222551/http://www.todayonline.com/chinaindia/china/hong-kongs-tycoons-silent-democracy-protests deadChu, Kathy https://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/wall-street-journal/great-divide-between-hong-kongs-haves-and-have-nots-fuels-anger/news-story/dc9c4dbe23bd9df2c3de0c03feef92e9 Great divide between Hong Kong's haves and have nots fuels anger The New York Times 21 October 2014 subscription 28 October 2014 Xinhua News Agency posted an English-language article in the morning of 25 October criticising the absence of condemnation of the occupation from the city's tycoons in response to the protest, but the article was deleted several hours later.http://www.881903.com/Page/ZH-TW/newsdetail.aspx?ItemId=756197&csid=261_341 zh:新華社晚上報道李嘉誠等富豪反對佔中但刪走批評的文章 Xinhua reports tycoon Li Ka-shing opposing Occupy Central, but silent on critical piece 25 October 2014 Commercial Radio Hong Kong 25 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141028083109/http://www.881903.com/Page/ZH-TW/newsdetail.aspx?ItemId=756197&csid=261_341 28 October 2014 live zh Chu, Kathy; Law Fiona (28 October 2014). "Hong Kong Tycoons Pressed on Protests" https://web.archive.org/web/20220630234827/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB12283851581796914843804580242373422350354 30 June 2022 . The Wall Street Journal. A replacement article that appeared that evening, in Chinese, stated how tycoons strongly condemned the protest, and quoted a number of them with pre-occupation soundbites reiterating how the occupation would damage Hong Kong's international reputation, disrupt social disorder and cause other harmful problems to society. Deputy director of China's National People's Congress Internal and Judicial Affairs Committee, Li Shenming, stated: "In today's China, engaging in an election system of one-man-one-vote is bound to quickly lead to turmoil, unrest and even a situation of civil war."https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hongkong-china-idUSKCN0HN03Q20140930 Hong Kong protests approach potential National Day flashpoint Reuters Baldwin Clare Clare Baldwin Ruwitch John 30 September 2014 5 September 2016 24 September 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20150924204918/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/09/30/us-hongkong-china-idUSKCN0HN03Q20140930 live The mainland media also contested the protesters' demands for democracy by blaming the colonial rulers, saying Britain "gave our Hong Kong compatriots not one single day of it", notwithstanding the fact that de-classified British diplomatic documents indicate that the lack of democracy since at least late 1950s was largely attributable to the refusal of the PRC to allow it.Jacobs, Andrew (27 October 2014). "Hong Kong Democracy Standoff, Circa 1960" https://web.archive.org/web/20161229141425/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/28/world/asia/china-began-push-against-hong-kong-elections-in-50s.html 29 December 2016 . The New York Times The Chinese authorities are rumoured to have blacklisted 47 entertainers from Hong Kong who had openly supported the suffragists, and the list made the rounds on social media.https://www.wsj.com/articles/chow-yun-fat-beats-jackie-chan-1414622180 Chow Yun-Fat Beats Jackie Chan 29 October 2014 The Wall Street Journal https://web.archive.org/web/20161007035108/http://www.wsj.com/articles/chow-yun-fat-beats-jackie-chan-1414622180 7 October 2016 13 March 2017 live Denise Ho, Chapman To and actor Anthony Wong, who are among the highest profile supporters of the movement, were strongly criticised by the official Xinhua News Agency."Hong Kong Stars Face Mainland Backlash Over Support For Protests" https://web.archive.org/web/20170317142948/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/25/world/asia/hong-kong-stars-face-mainland-backlash-over-support-for-protests.html 17 March 2017 . The New York Times. 25 October 2014 In response to the possible ban from the Chinese market, Chow Yun-fat, was quoted as saying "I'll just make less, then". Reporting of Chow's riposte was subject to Mainland Chinese internet censors.http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2014/10/minitrue-chow-yun-fat-banned-mainland/ Minitrue: Chow Yun-fat Banned from Mainland China Digital Times 28 October 2014 11 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141111030312/http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2014/10/minitrue-chow-yun-fat-banned-mainland/ 11 November 2014 live Beijing refused to grant a visa to Richard Graham, British member of parliament who had said in a parliamentary debate on Hong Kong that Britain had a duty to uphold the principles of the Sino-British joint declaration. This resulted in the cancellation of a visit by a cross-party parliament group due to visit China, led by Peter Mandelson. Graham had also asserted that "Stability for nations is not, in our eyes, about maintaining the status quo regardless, but about reaching out for greater involvement with the people – in this case, of Hong Kong – allowing them a greater say in choosing their leaders and, above all, trusting in the people".https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/24/mps-trip-china-cancelled-beijing-tory MPs' trip to China cancelled after row over Hong Kong protests debate Watt Nicholas The Guardian 26 November 2014 24 November 2014 Chinese dissent In urging students to set aside their protest, Bao Tong, the former political secretary of CCP general secretary Zhao Ziyang, said he could not predict what the leadership would do.zh:鮑彤籲學生撤離 指假普選背棄鄧小平 Bao Tong tells students to withdraw, says fake universal suffrage betrays Deng Xiaoping http://www.bbc.co.uk/zhongwen/trad/china/2014/10/141005_hk_bao_tong_comment BBC News zh 5 October 2014 5 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141008033117/http://www.bbc.co.uk/zhongwen/trad/china/2014/10/141005_hk_bao_tong_comment 8 October 2014 live He believed Zhao meant universal suffrage where everyone had the right to vote freely, and not this "special election with Chinese characteristics".http://www2.hkej.com/instantnews/current/article/910891/%E9%AE%91%E5%BD%A4%E7%B1%B2%E5%AD%B8%E7%94%9F%E6%92%A4%E9%9B%A2%E3%80%80%E6%8C%87%E5%81%87%E6%99%AE%E9%81%B8%E9%81%95%E9%84%A7%E5%B0%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F%E6%84%8F zh:鮑彤籲學生撤離 指假普選違鄧小平原意 Bao Tong tells students to withdraw, says fake universal suffrage betrays Deng Xiaoping's intentions Hong Kong Economic Journal zh 6 October 2014 6 October 2014 11 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141111203127/http://www2.hkej.com/instantnews/current/article/910891/%E9%AE%91%E5%BD%A4%E7%B1%B2%E5%AD%B8%E7%94%9F%E6%92%A4%E9%9B%A2%E3%80%80%E6%8C%87%E5%81%87%E6%99%AE%E9%81%B8%E9%81%95%E9%84%A7%E5%B0%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F%E6%84%8F dead Bao said today's PRC leaders should respect the principle that Hong Kong citizens rule themselves, or Deng Xiaoping's promises to Hong Kong would have been fake. Hu Jia co-authored an opinion piece for the Wall Street Journal, in which he wrote "China has the potential to become an even more relentless, aggressive dictatorship than Russia... Only a strong, unambiguous warning from the US will cause either of those countries to carefully consider the costs of new violent acts of repression. Hong Kong and Ukraine are calling for the rebirth of American global leadership for freedom and democracy."https://www.wsj.com/articles/head-off-a-tiananmen-massacre-in-hong-kong-1411403467 Head Off a Tiananmen Massacre in Hong Kong 30 September 2014 The Wall Street Journal 8 October 2014 Amnesty International said that at least 37 mainland Chinese have been detained for supporting Hong Kong protesters in different ways: some posted pictures and messages online, others had been planning to travel to Hong Kong to join protesters. A poetry reading planned for 2 October in Beijing's Songzhuang art colony to support Hong Kong protesters was disrupted, and a total of eight people were detained. A further 60 people have been taken in for questioning by police.https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/poet-detained-ahead-hong-kong-event-26036515 8 Detained in China Before Hong Kong Poetry Event ABC News 9 October 2014Mainland activists held for backing HK protesters Julie Zhu 5 October 2014 http://www.ejinsight.com/20141007-mainland-activists-held-for-backing-hk-protest/ Ejinsight Amnesty reported in February 2015 that at least two of those arrested have been tortured, and nine denied legal representation; one was given access to a lawyer only after being sleep-deprived and tortured for five days. The whereabouts of four are unknown.https://www.voanews.com/east-asia/amnesty-hong-kong-protest-supporters-tortured-china https://web.archive.org/web/20190925180943/https://www.voanews.com/east-asia/amnesty-hong-kong-protest-supporters-tortured-china dead 25 September 2019 Amnesty: Hong Kong Protest Supporters Tortured in China Voice of America 12 February 2015 25 September 2019 Domestic reactions thumbnail|A double-decker bus in Mong Kok is used as a message board Political Former Chief Secretary Anson Chan expressed disappointment at Britain's silence on the matter and urged Britain to assert its legal and moral responsibility towards Hong Kong and not just think about trade opportunities. Chan dismissed China's accusation of foreign interference, saying: "Nobody from outside could possibly stir up this sort of depth of anger and frustration."http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2014/10/03/former-hong-kong-chief-secretary-anson-chan-demands-britain-acts-over-hong-kong-_n_5929226.html Former Hong Kong Chief Secretary Anson Chan Demands Britain Act Over Hong Kong 3 October 2014 The Huffington Post UK 12 October 2014 Former Legco president Rita Fan said "to support the movement, some protesters background have resources that are supported by foreign forces using young people for a cause. To pursue democracy that effects other people's livelihood is a form of democratic dictatorship." http://news.now.com/home/hot/player?newsId=114712&hot=1 zh:范徐麗泰：有人幕後推動佔中 Rita Fan: Someone is responsible for promoting Occupy Central from behind the scenes Now TV 11 October 2014 zh 11 October 2014 Director of Hong Kong Human Rights Monitor, Law Yuk-kai, was dissatisfied with the unnecessary violence by the police. He said students only broke into the Civic Square to sit-in peacefully with no intentions of destroying government premises.Hong Kong Occupy Central to start at dawn zh:香港佔中凌晨提前啟動 http://www.orientaldaily.com.my/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=140101:&Itemid=197 9 September 2014 Oriental Daily News zh Malaysia 7 October 2014 He questioned the mobilisation of riot police while protesters staged no conflict. Also, the overuse of batons was underestimated by the police because the weapon could severely harm protesters. Contrary to the claims of other pro-establishment members, Tsang sees little evidence of "foreign forces" at play.http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/no-foreign-forces-behind/1441820.html No foreign forces behind Hong Kong protests: Senior lawmaker Channel NewsAsia 31 October 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141031104423/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/no-foreign-forces-behind/1441820.html 31 October 2014 Member of Legislative Council Albert Ho of Democratic Party said, "[Attack on protesters] was one of the tactics used by the communists in mainland China from time to time. They use triads or pro-government mobs to try to attack you so the government will not have to assume responsibility."https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-29609461 Hong Kong protests: Police remove more barricades 13 October 2014 13 October 2014 Former Chief Executive Tung Chee-hwa when urging the students to end the occupation, praised their "great sacrifice" in the pursuit of democracy, and said that "the rule of law and obeying the law form the cornerstone of democracy."http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/we-ve-heard-your-demands/1399798.html We've heard your demands, Tung Chee-hwa tells HK protesters Channel NewsAsia 5 October 2014 9 October 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141007160531/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/we-ve-heard-your-demands/1399798.html 7 October 2014 On 29 October, chairman of the Financial Services Development Council and Executive Councillor, Laura Cha, created controversy for the government and for HSBC, of which she is a board member, when she said: "African-American slaves were liberated in 1861, but did not get voting rights until 107 years later. So why can't Hong Kong wait for a while?" An online petition called for her to apologise and withdraw her remarks. A spokesman for the Executive Council stated in an e-mail on 31 October that "She did not mean any disrespect and regrets that her comment has caused concerns".https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hongkong-china-idUSKBN0IK0DV20141031 Thousands denounce HSBC board member's likening of Hong Kong people to freed slaves Reuters 4 November 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141229215733/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/10/31/us-hongkong-china-idUSKBN0IK0DV20141031 29 December 2014 31 October 2014 live http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?we_cat=21&art_id=150907&sid=43259782&con_type=1&d_str=20141030&fc=4 Don't be a slave to reform, says finance figure The Standard 30 October 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141031154740/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?we_cat=21&art_id=150907&sid=43259782&con_type=1&d_str=20141030&fc=4 31 October 2014 http://sinosphere.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/10/31/hong-kong-politician-likens-protesters-to-african-american-slaves/ Hong Kong Politician Likens Protesters to African-American Slaves The New York Times Downes Siobhan 31 October 2014 5 September 2016http://www.ejinsight.com/20141030-laura-cha-plays-black-slave-card-against-protesters/ Laura Cha plays 'black slave' card against protesters EJ Insight 30 October 2014 Business sector The Federation of Hong Kong Industries, whose 3,000 manufacturer members are largely unaffected as manufacturing in Hong Kong has been largely de-localised to the mainland, oppose the protests, due to concerns for the effects on investor confidence. While the business groups have expressed concern at the disruption caused to their members,http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-10/25/c_127140821.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20141029181814/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-10/25/c_127140821.htm dead 29 October 2014 HK business leaders: Occupy Movement damages economy, social order 31 October 2014https://thediplomat.com/2014/10/how-to-save-occupy-central/ How to Save Occupy Central Karásková Ivana Rezková Alice The Diplomat 31 October 2014 the city's wealthiest individuals have kept a relatively low-profile as they faced the dilemma of losing the patronage of CCP leadership while trying to avoid further escalation with overt condemnations of the movement. On the 19th day, Li Ka-Shing recognised that students' voices had been noted by Beijing, and urged them to go home "to avoid any regret".http://www1.hkej.com/dailynews/headline/article/917112/%E6%9D%8E%E5%98%89%E8%AA%A0%EF%BC%9A%E5%8B%BF%E8%AE%93%E6%BF%80%E6%83%85%E8%AE%8A%E9%81%BA%E6%86%BE zh:李嘉誠：勿讓激情變遺憾 Li Ka-shing: Do not let passions become regrets Hong Kong Economic Journal zh 28 October 2014 31 October 2014 Li was, however, criticised by Xinhua for not being unambiguous in his opposition for the movement and his support for Leung. Lui Che Woo, one of the richest men in Asia, appeared to hold a more pro-Beijing stance by stating that "citizens should be thankful to the police".http://www.etnet.com.hk/www/tc/news/categorized_news_detail.php?newsid=ETN241029539&category=property zh:【佔中局勢】呂志和：年青人不應受有心人唆擺，盡早離開佔領區 Lui Che Woo: Youngsters should not be manipulated by people with ulterior motives and stop Occupy movement early ET Net 29 October 2014 31 October 2014 Lui was opposed to "any activity that has a negative impact on the Hong Kong economy". International reactions Reactions to the 2014 Hong Kong protests United Nations On 23 October, the UN Human Rights Committee, which monitors compliance with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, urged China to allow free elections in Hong Kong.http://www.dw.de/un-human-rights-panel-chides-china-over-hong-kong/a-18017131 UN Human Rights panel chides China over Hong Kong 23 October 2014 Deutsche Welle 23 October 2014https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/24/world/asia/un-urges-china-to-allow-free-elections-in-hong-kong.html U.N. Human Rights Panel Urges China To Allow Free Elections in Hong Kong 23 October 2014 The New York Times 23 October 2014 Michael Forsythe The committee emphasised specifically that 'universal suffrage' includes the right to stand for office as well as the right to vote. Describing China's actions as "not satisfactory", the committee's chairman Konstantine Vardzelashvili announced that "The main concerns of Committee members were focused on the right to stand for elections without unreasonable restrictions."http://in.reuters.com/article/hongkong-china-un-idINKCN0IC1IQ20141023 U.N. rights watchdog calls for open elections in Hong Kong 23 October 2014 Reuters 23 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141204025302/http://in.reuters.com/article/2014/10/23/hongkong-china-un-idINKCN0IC1IQ20141023 4 December 2014 dead A spokesman for China's Foreign Ministry confirmed on the following day that the Covenant, signed by China in 1998, did apply to Hong Kong, but said that, nonetheless, "The covenant is not a measure for Hong Kong's political reform", and that China's policy on Hong Kong's elections had "unshakable legal status and effect". Reuters observed that "It was not immediately clear how, if the covenant applied to Hong Kong, it could have no bearing on its political reform."https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-hongkong-un-idUSKCN0ID14U20141024 China says U.N. rights covenant no measure for Hong Kong reform Reuters 24 October 2014 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20141216094453/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/10/24/us-china-hongkong-un-idUSKCN0ID14U20141024 16 December 2014 live States Australia, Canada, France, Spain, Germany, Italy, Japan, Taiwan, Vatican City, United Kingdom, and the United States, supported the protesters and urged restraint on all sides. Russian state media alleged that the protests were another West-sponsored colour revolution similar to the Euromaidan.https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/anne-applebaum-chinas-familiar-bogeyman-for-the-hong-kong-protests/2014/10/03/d883ac5e-4b3a-11e4-891d-713f052086a0_story.html China's explanation for the Hong Kong protests? Blame America. The Washington Post Applebaum Anne 5 September 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20150102054423/http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/anne-applebaum-chinas-familiar-bogeyman-for-the-hong-kong-protests/2014/10/03/d883ac5e-4b3a-11e4-891d-713f052086a0_story.html 2 January 2015 3 October 2014 live https://www.wsj.com/articles/russian-state-media-portray-hong-kong-protests-as-u-s-plot-1412103539 Russian State Media Portray Hong Kong Protests as U.S. Plot 30 September 2014 The Wall Street Journal 3 October 2014 Paul Sonnehttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/hongkong/11131070/Russian-state-television-says-Britain-and-US-provoked-Hong-Kong-protests.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/hongkong/11131070/Russian-state-television-says-Britain-and-US-provoked-Hong-Kong-protests.html 12 January 2022 subscription live Russian state television says Britain and US provoked Hong Kong protests 30 September 2014 The Daily Telegraph 3 October 2014 London Tom Parfitt German president Joachim Gauck, celebrating the 24th anniversary of German reunification, praised the spirit of Hong Kong's suffragists to their own of 24 years ago who overcame their fear of their oppressors;http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-sea-of-candles-marks-magical-rally-that-shook-berlin-wall-2014-10 Sea of candles marks 'magical' rally that shook Berlin Wall 9 October 2014 Business Insider 8 November 2014 18 October 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141018133520/http://www.businessinsider.com/afp-sea-of-candles-marks-magical-rally-that-shook-berlin-wall-2014-10 dead British Prime Minister David Cameron expressed deep concern about clashes in Hong Kong and said that he felt an obligation to the former colony.http://news.sky.com/story/1344068/hong-kong-china-warns-uk-not-to-interfere Hong Kong: China Warns UK Not To 'Interfere' Sky News 29 September 2014 29 September 2014http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-hongkong-china-britain-idUKKCN0HP0JH20140930 https://web.archive.org/web/20160207154513/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-hongkong-china-britain-idUKKCN0HP0JH20140930 dead 7 February 2016 Cameron says deeply concerned about Hong Kong clashes Reuters 3 October 2014 Guy Faulconbridge 30 September 2014 Cameron said on 15 October that Britain should stand up for the rights set out in the Anglo-Chinese agreement.http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-hongkong-china-britain-idUKKCN0I41C620141015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151219134456/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-hongkong-china-britain-idUKKCN0I41C620141015 dead 19 December 2015 PM Cameron says Britain should stand up for Hong Kong rights Reuters 15 October 2014 William James 15 October 2014 The Foreign Office called on Hong Kong to uphold residents' rights to demonstrate, and said that the best way to guarantee these rights is through transition to universal suffrage.Hong Kong protests: UK 'concerned' about situation https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-29411128 30 September 2014 BBC NewsForeign Office monitoring events in Hong Kong https://www.gov.uk/government/news/foreign-office-monitoring-events-in-hong-kong Gov.uk 30 September 2014 Former Hong Kong Governor and current Chancellor of the University of Oxford Chris Patten expressed support for the protestshttps://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1630216/chris-patten-accepts-umbrella-and-reportedly-praises-democracy?page=all Chris Patten accepts umbrella, and reportedly praises democracy protesters South China Morning Post 4 November 2014 November 2014 and denounced the Iranian-style democratic model for the city.https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/chris-patten-with-hong-kong-chinas-honor-is-at-stake/2014/10/02/ebc4e9b2-4a5f-11e4-a046-120a8a855cca_story.html What China promised Hong Kong The Washington Post 3 October 2014 7 October 2014 Chris Patten Citing China's obligation to Britain to adhere to the terms of Sino-British Joint Declaration,https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-11-04/last-hong-kong-governor-urges-concessions-to-protesters.html Last Hong Kong Governor Urges Concessions to Protesters Hutton Robert 5 November 2014 Bloomberg he urged the British government to put greater pressure on the Chinese state, and to help China and Hong Kong find a solution to the impasse.https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/05/britain-soft-on-china-over-hong-kong-crisis-says-chris-patten Britain soft on China over Hong Kong crisis, says Chris Patten The Guardian 5 November 2014 The Chinese Foreign Ministry said Patten should realise that "times have changed",http://www.straitstimes.com/news/asia/east-asia/story/times-have-changed-china-tells-chris-patten-hong-kongs-last-british-govern 'Times have changed' China tells Chris Patten, Hong Kong's last British governor The Straits Times 5 November 2014 and that no party had the right to interfere in China's domestic affairs.http://www.881903.com/Page/ZH-TW/newsdetail.aspx?ItemId=758531&csid=261_341 Beijing refutes Chris Patten; demands to stop meddling in Occupy Central protests zh:北京駁斥彭定康促停慫恿佔中言行 Commercial Radio Hong Kong British member of parliament and chairman of the Commons Parliamentary Committee on Foreign Affairs, Richard Ottaway, denounced China's declaration that the committee would be refused permission to enter Hong Kong on their planned visit in late December as part of their inquiry into progress of the implementation of the Sino-British Joint Declaration. Ottaway sought confirmation from the China's deputy ambassador after receiving a letter from the central government that his group's visit "would be perceived to be siding with the protesters involved in Occupy Central and other illegal activities", and was told that the group would be turned back.https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/hongkong/11263799/British-MP-attacks-confrontational-China-as-Hong-Kong-protests-escalate.html https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/hongkong/11263799/British-MP-attacks-confrontational-China-as-Hong-Kong-protests-escalate.html 12 January 2022 subscription live British MP attacks 'confrontational' China as Hong Kong protests escalate 30 November 2014 The Daily Telegraph London Tom Phillips In Taiwan, the situation in Hong Kong is closely monitored since China aims to reunify the island with a "one country, two systems" model similar to one that is used in Hong Kong.https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-29422233 Why Taiwan is watching Hong Kong protests BBC 30 September 2014 26 October 2014 President Ma Ying-jeou expressed concern for the developments in Hong Kong and its future,http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/talktojazeera/2014/09/ma-ying-jeou-an-inexplicable-fear-201492613134516309.html Ma Ying-jeou: 'One country, one system' Al Jazeera 29 September 2014 30 September 2014 and said the realisation of universal suffrage will be a win-win scenario for both Hong Kong and mainland China.Huang Kelven Low Y.F. Ma urges Beijing to listen to Hong Kongers' voices http://focustaiwan.tw/search/201409290010.aspx?q=president 2 October 2014 Central News Agency 29 September 2014 On 10 October, Taiwan's National Day, President Ma urged China to introduce constitutional democracy, saying "now that the 1.3 billion people on the mainland have become moderately wealthy, they will of course wish to enjoy greater democracy and rule of law. Such a desire has never been a monopoly of the west, but is the right of all humankind."https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/10/taiwan-ma-ying-jeou-china-hong-kong-democratic-first Taiwan urges China to let Hong Kong 'go democratic' The Guardian 10 October 2014 5 September 2016 Agence France-Presse In response to Ma's comments, China's Taiwan Affairs Office said Beijing was "firmly opposed to remarks on China's political system and Hong Kong's political reforms .... Taiwan should refrain from commenting on the issue."Taiwan hopes China sees good will in 10/10 address http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/china-taiwan-relations/2014/10/17/419653/Taiwan-hopes.htm https://archive.today/20141025200520/http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/china-taiwan-relations/2014/10/17/419653/Taiwan-hopes.htm dead 25 October 2014 17 October 2014 China Post 26 October 2014 Foreign media thumb|CNN news team reporting from Admiralty Occupy site, 1.35 pm 29 September 2014 The protests captured the attention of the world and gained extensive global media coverage.http://www.ejinsight.com/20141212-beijing-pleased-at-end-of-protest-but-angry-over-its-legacy/ Beijing pleased at end of HK protest but angry over its legacy EJ Insight 12 December 2014 Student leader Joshua Wong featured on the cover of Time magazine during the week of his 18th birthday,https://time.com/3482556/hong-kong-protest-teenagers/ Hong Kong's Protest: Meet the Voice of a Generation Hannah Beech / Hong Kong Time 8 November 2014 8 October 2014 and the movement was written about, also as a cover story, the following week.https://time.com/3453736/hong-kong-stands-up/ Hong Kong Protests: Why Democracy Fight Is a Challenge for China Beech Hannah Time 8 November 2014 1 October 2014 While the local pan-democrats and the majority of the Western press supported the protesters' aspirations for universal suffrage, Martin Jacques, writing for The Guardian, argued that the PRC had "overwhelmingly honoured its commitment to the principle of one country, two systems". He believed that the reason for the unrest is "the growing sense of dislocation among a section of Hong Kong's population" since 1997.https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/sep/30/china-hong-kong-future-protesters-cry-democracy China is Hong Kong's future – not its enemy The Guardian 9 October 2014 30 September 2014 Jacques Martin Tim Summers, in an op-ed for CNN, said that the protests were fuelled by dissatisfaction with the Hong Kong government, but the catalyst was the decision of the NPCSC. Criticising politicians' and the media's interpretation of the agreements and undertakings of the PRC, Summers said "all the Joint Declaration said is that the chief executive will be 'appointed by the central people's government on the basis of the results of elections or consultations to be held locally [in Hong Kong].' Britain's role as co-signatory of that agreement gives it no legal basis for complaint on this particular point, and the lack of democracy for the executive branch before 1997 leaves it little moral high ground either."https://edition.cnn.com/2014/10/07/opinion/hong-kong-britain-china-summers/index.html Hong Kong in crisis: Role of the UK 8 October 2014 CNN 9 October 2014 Aftermath Once traffic resumed, roadside PM2.5 readings rose back up to levels in excess of WHO recommended safe levels of 25 μg/m3. According to the Clean Air Network, PM2.5 levels at Admiralty stood at 33 μg/m3, an increase of 83% since during the occupation; Causeway Bay measured 31 μg/m3, an increase of 55%, and Mong Kok's reading of 37 μg/m3 represents an increase of 42%.http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20141216/53236902 zh:3佔領區「回復正常」 空氣懸浮粒子勁超標 Apple Daily zh 16 December 2014 16 December 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20141216184451/http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/realtime/news/20141216/53236902 deadhttps://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1663503/hello-pollution-toxic-pm25-levels-rise-again-after-hong-kong-clears Hong Kong's air quality falls after Occupy clearance puts traffic back on the roads 17 December 2014 South China Morning Post The former director of the government archives, Simon Chu, expressed concern about preservation of official documents pertaining to the protest movement, and was seeking a proxy to file an injunction on the government. He feared that the absence of a law on official archives in Hong Kong meant that senior government officials may seek to destroy all documents involving deliberations, decisions and actions taken while the protests were ongoing.http://www.hkbc.tv/articles/10231 zh:前檔案處長擬申請禁制令 阻特首銷佔領公文 hkbc.tv dead https://web.archive.org/web/20150122055238/http://www.hkbc.tv/articles/10231 22 January 2015 Chief Executive CY Leung said that protesters need to carefully consider what sort of democracy they are pursuing.http://rthk.hk/rthk/news/englishnews/news.htm?hightlight&20141216&56&1061832 Police to probe instigators of Occupy movement RTHK English News dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141217061530/http://rthk.hk/rthk/news/englishnews/news.htm?hightlight&20141216&56&1061832 17 December 2014 He welcomed the end of the occupation, saying: "Other than economic losses, I believe the greatest loss Hong Kong society has suffered is the damage to the rule of law by a small group of people... If we just talk about democracy without talking about the rule of law, it's not real democracy but a state of no government".AFP, "HK leader declares Occupy protest 'over' as last site cleared" https://web.archive.org/web/20141217063849/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/hk-leader-declares-occupy/1529772.html 17 December 2014 . Channel NewsAsia, 15 December 2014 Leung saw his popularity ratings slump to a new low following the occupation protests, down to 39.7 per cent, with a net of minus 37%. This was attributed to public perception of Leung's unwillingness to heal the wounds, and his unwarrantedFebruary 2016 shifting of the blame for the wrongs in society onto opponents. Leung also claimed negative effects on the economy without providing evidence, and his assertions were contradicted by official figures.Yeung SC As Occupy ends, CY Leung performance rating falls http://www.ejinsight.com/20141217-as-occupy-ends-cy-leung-performance-rating-falls/ 25 December 2014 ejinsight.com 17 December 2014 On 19 December 2014, the eve of the 15th anniversary of Macau's handover, authorities in Macau banned journalists covering the arrival of Chinese leader Xi Jinping from holding umbrellas in the rain.Journalists barred from holding umbrellas http://rthk.hk/rthk/news/englishnews/20141219/news_20141219_56_1062793.htm 25 December 2014 Radio Television Hong Kong 19 December 2014 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20141219182654/http://rthk.hk/rthk/news/englishnews/20141219/news_20141219_56_1062793.htm 19 December 2014 Commissioner of the Police Andy Tsang confirmed the unprecedented challenges to the police posed by the occupations, and that as at 15 December a total of 955 individuals had been arrested, 221 activists had been hurt, and that 130 police officers had received light injuries.Cheng, Kevin; Lau, Kenneth (16 December 2014) "Protest probe: top cop speaks" https://web.archive.org/web/20141217065447/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=152398&sid=43546869&con_type=1&d_str=20141216&isSearch=1&sear_year=2014 17 December 2014 . The Standard At the same time, Tsang anticipated further arrests, pending a three-month investigation into the occupation movement. Most activists call in under arrest by appointment remain to be formally charged, and although police said that they reserved the right to prosecute, pro-democracy legislators complained that the uncertain impending prosecution hangs over the interviewees constituted an act of intimidation.Pro-democracy lawmakers condemn police intimidation https://web.archive.org/web/20150305012328/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/breaking_news_detail.asp?id=57830&icid=3&d_str=20150302 5 March 2015 . The Standard, 2 March 2015 Although the occupations had ended, aggressive policing that became a hallmark of the official antipathy towards peaceful protests continued – as illustrated by police application for Care and Protection Orders (CPO) for two young suffragists in December 2014. Typically, CPOs are only used in severe cases of juvenile delinquency, and could lead to the minor being sent to a children's home and removed from parental custody. Police arrested one 14-year-old male for contempt of court during the clearance of Mong Kok and applied for a CPO. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-12-17/schoolboy-may-lose-parents-as-repercussions-dawn-in-hong-kong.html Schoolboy May Lose Parents as Repercussions Dawn in Hong Kong 18 December 2014 18 December 2014 Bloomberg L.P. Khan Natasha The CPO was cancelled four weeks later when the Department of Justice decided that they would not prosecute.https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1678899/police-wont-seek-protection-order-hong-kong-teen-arrested-during Police won't seek protection order for Hong Kong teen arrested during Occupy clearance South China Morning Post Lau Chris 12 January 2015 In a second case, a 14-year-old female who drew a chalk flower onto the Lennon Wall on 23 December 2014 was arrested on suspicion of criminal damage, detained by police for 17 hours, and then held against her will in a children's home for 20 days, but was never charged with any crime.Wong Vicky Teen arrested for drawing with chalk on wall at Hong Kong protest site 31 December 2014 https://edition.cnn.com/2014/12/31/world/asia/hong-kong-chalk-girl-protests CNN 12 July 2019 A magistrate decided in favour of a CPO pursuant to a police application, deeming it "safer." The incident created uproar as she was taken away from her hearing-impaired father, and was unable to go to school.https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1671621/hong-kong-teen-who-scribbled-pro-democracy-wall-sent-childrens-home Girl, 14 who drew flower on Hong Kong's 'Lennon Wall' sent to Children's Home 31 December 2014 31 December 2014 Agence France-Pressehttps://edition.cnn.com/2014/12/31/world/asia/hong-kong-chalk-girl-protests/index.html Teen arrested for drawing with chalk on wall at Hong Kong protest site 31 December 2014 CNN 12 January 2015https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1672598/detention-occupy-linked-teen-graffiti-suspect-raises-doubts Girl sent to children's home for drawing flowers on Occupy's 'Lennon Wall' freed after outcry 1 January 2015 1 January 2015 South China Morning Post Chu Julie On 19 January, another magistrate rescinded the protection orderhttp://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/hong-kong-protest/1599574.html Hong Kong protest 'graffiti teen' allowed to stay with family Channel NewsAsia dead https://web.archive.org/web/20150402103955/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/hong-kong-protest/1599574.html 2 April 2015 for the girl–now commonly known as "Chalk Girl" (粉筆少女)–however overall handling of the situation by police and government officials raised broad concerns. There is no official explanation as to why proper procedures were not followed or as to why, in accordance with regulations, social workers were never consulted before applying for the order.https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1681845/chalk-girl-who-drew-occupy-lennon-wall-court-refuses-child-protection Chalk Girl who drew on Occupy 'Lennon Wall' released as court refuses to put her in children's home 19 January 2015 19 January 2015 South China Morning Post Chu Julie The controversy gained international attention, and The Guardian produced a short documentary film about her story, titled "The Infamous Chalk Girl" which was released in 2017.Young San San F. The Infamous Chalk Girl https://www.theguardian.com/world/ng-interactive/2017/jun/16/chalk-girl-hong-kong-democracy-umbrella-movement-protester-china The Guardian 16 June 2017 10 July 2019Young San San F. The Infamous Chalk Girl https://vimeo.com/218950062 Vimeo The Guardian 25 May 2017 10 July 2019 Usage of the protection orders against minors involved in the Umbrella Movement was seen as "white terror" to deter young people from protesting. Post mortems The Economic Journal predicts a rout as a result of growing alienation and disaffection with the system and with traditional politics. It criticised the means the government employed to deal with the problem, and said that: "[the SAR government's] legitimacy to govern has been deeply damaged. Officials may be made scapegoats for the mass protests, and the police may have forfeited much of their hard-earned reputation and sound relationship with citizens following charges of brutality and links with triads. The judiciary has also taken a beating after it issued injunctions against the occupation of roads in Mong Kok and Admiralty. This has left many people with the perception that it has colluded with the government and the checks and balances between the two powers are now gone. The government's ill-conceived plan to crack down hard on the protesters under the guise of assisting bailiffs sets a dangerous precedent."http://www.ejinsight.com/20141215-umbrella-movement-who-are-the-winners-and-losers/ Umbrella Movement: Who are the winners and losers? EJ Insight 15 December 2014 An editorial in The Wall Street Journal said that despite the establishment attempting to portray the occupy movement as a threat to Hong Kong, "it's clear that the real threat to Hong Kong comes from those who bend to Beijing's whims. China and its local proxies ... have mounted a violent march through the institutions that have sustained Hong Kong's stability and prosperity—independent courts, free press, honest law enforcement and more".https://www.wsj.com/articles/strangling-free-hong-kong-1418344780 Strangling Free Hong Kong 12 December 2014 The Wall Street Journal An editorial in the Washington Post predicted that "Political unrest is likely to become a chronic condition in a place that until now had mostly accepted the authority of the Communist regime since 1997... China's inflexible response to the democracy movement may yield exactly the results it wishes to avoid: an unmanageable political situation in Hong Kong and the spread of the demand for political freedom".https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/actions-by-china-in-hong-kong-may-create-a-long-term-movement/2014/11/27/333e95cc-758f-11e4-9d9b-86d397daad27_story.html China's crackdown in Hong Kong may fuel a long-term democracy movement The Washington Post Editorial Board 27 November 2014 A Guardian editorial wrote: "What China has done in Hong Kong will preserve control but deepen alienation... outside China, where it is seen as yet another indication that compromise and the Chinese communist party are strangers to each other, whether in dealing with non-Han minorities, in territorial issues with neighbours or in relations with other major states." It said that the one country, two systems formula "has been almost completely discredited by events in Hong Kong". It added that "The Chinese are prisoners of another narrative, in which China's rise is a phenomenon benefiting its neighbours as much as itself, in which opponents are seen as a tiny minority manipulated by hostile powers, and in which democracy is a flawed western concept that has no relevance for China".https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/dec/01/guardian-view-on-the-continuing-protests-in-hong-kong?CMP=share_btn_fb The Guardian view on the continuing protests in Hong Kong Editorial The Guardian December 2014 Business Spectator described the mixed legacy of the resilient protest community that has been created and galvanisation of youth – a previously apolitical section of society – into political activism or heightened awareness of their civil rights and responsibilities. Against that, the resulting divisions in Hong Kong society will leave a void for Beijing to strengthen its role and influence. The journal also agreed that Hong Kong's institutions had been damaged through government actions as well as inaction. Citing the government and police choice to employ civil injunctions to justify clearing the protest sites, it said "In so doing, the government has called the court system into service as a political tool. This politicisation of the court system is known as 'rule by law', a phrase frequently applied to the PRC and which could now be used for the first time with some justification in the context of Hong Kong." It further predicts further erosion of press and academic freedoms, as universities have been shown to be seed beds of political activism and potential subversion. An article in the Journal of Chinese Political Science notes how the Umbrella Revolution was an instance of "defensive soft power" and that "through the mounting of this defence, certain state-sanctioned images of China are reinforced and promoted. Specifically, these include promoting images that depict China as a victim; portraying China as a reasonable and restraint power; constructing the image of wide support for China's handling of the event and of its of governance; and promoting the perception of strong relations between Macau/Taiwan and the mainland. It contends that these state-aligned images were released defensively to counter the attacks by the western media and this process allowed the Central authorities an opportunity to reinforce and articulate its national images."Loh Dylan 1 March 2017 Defending China's National Image and 'Defensive Soft Power': the Case of Hong Kong's 'Umbrella Revolution' Journal of Chinese Political Science 22 1 117–134 10.1007/s11366-016-9419-x 1080-6954 free Imprisonment of prominent protesters 2017 imprisonment of Hong Kong democracy activists Wong, along with two other prominent Hong Kong pro-democracy student leaders Nathan Law and Alex Chow, were sentenced to six to eight months' imprisonment, on 17 August 2017, for unlawful assembly (Wong and Law) and incitement to assemble unlawfully (Chow) at Civic Square, at the Central Government Complex in the Tamar site, during the protest. The sentences were likely to impair their political careers as they would be barred from running for public office for five years.Siu Jasmine Joshua Wong and other jailed Hong Kong student leaders see political careers halted https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2107216/occupy-activists-joshua-wong-and-nathan-law-jailed-hong-kong South China Morning Post 17 August 2017 Earlier, on 15 August 2017, 13 fellow protesters were sentenced to terms between 8 and 13 months for unlawful assembly.Lau Chris 16 August 2017 Why were 13 Hong Kong protesters jailed, and what does this mean for future demonstrations? https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/law-crime/article/2106976/why-were-13-hong-kong-protesters-jailed-and-what-does-mean South China Morning Post 7 October 2017 Nobel Peace Prize nomination On 5 October 2017 the Congressional-Executive Commission on China (CECC) Chair US Senator Marco Rubio and co-chair US Representative Chris Smith announced their intention to nominate Joshua Wong, Nathan Law, Alex Chow and the entire Umbrella Movement for the 2018 Nobel Peace Prize, for "their peaceful efforts to bring political reform and protect the autonomy and freedoms guaranteed Hong Kong in the Sino-British Joint Declaration".5 October 2017 Chairs Release 2017 Annual Report—Announce New Initiatives on Hong Kong & Commemoration of Liu Xiaobo https://www.cecc.gov/media-center/press-releases/chairs-release-2017-annual-report Congressional-Executive Commission on China Washington, DC 7 October 2017 See also 2010 Hong Kong democracy protests 2012 Dual Universal Suffrage (Hong Kong) 2016 Mong Kok civil unrest 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests Art of the Umbrella Movement List of pro-democracy protests in China List of protests in the 21st century Umbrella Square Youth in Hong Kong Vertical protest banners 2020–2021 Thai protests References Notes Sources 30em https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1602958/live-occupy-central-kicks-hundreds-classroom-boycott-students-leave OCCUPY CENTRAL – THE FIRST 12 HOURS: Full report as events unfolded South China Morning Post dayone https://web.archive.org/web/20150102234108/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1602958/live-occupy-central-kicks-hundreds-classroom-boycott-students-leave 2 January 2015 live 15 November 2018 https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1603762/live-severe-disruption-expected-day-dawns-occupied-hong-kong OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY TWO: Full report of the day's events South China Morning Post daytwo https://web.archive.org/web/20150116231416/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1603762/live-severe-disruption-expected-day-dawns-occupied-hong-kong 16 January 2015 live 17 November 2018 https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1604030/live-report-tens-thousands-occupy-hong-kongs-streets-second-night OCCUPY CENTRAL – NIGHT TWO: Full report of all the night's events South China Morning Post nighttwo https://web.archive.org/web/20150103173458/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1604030/live-report-tens-thousands-occupy-hong-kongs-streets-second-night 3 January 2015 live 29 September 2014 https://www.scmp.com/article/1604385/live-protester-numbers-dwindle-military-aircraft-spotted-over-hong-kong-harbour OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY THREE: Full report of the day's events South China Morning Post daythree https://web.archive.org/web/20150118014506/http://www.scmp.com/article/1604385/live-protester-numbers-dwindle-military-aircraft-spotted-over-hong-kong-harbour 18 January 2015 live 16 November 2018 https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1604648/live-thunder-rain-fail-dampen-spirits-hong-kong-democracy-protesters OCCUPY CENTRAL – NIGHT THREE: Full coverage of all the night's events South China Morning Post nightthree https://web.archive.org/web/20150103174759/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1604648/live-thunder-rain-fail-dampen-spirits-hong-kong-democracy-protesters 3 January 2015 live 30 September 2014 https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1605202/live-tensions-rising-wan-chai-occupy-protesters-gather-ahead-national OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY FOUR: Full coverage of all the day's events 1 October 2014 South China Morning Post dayfour https://web.archive.org/web/20150105001904/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1605202/live-tensions-rising-wan-chai-occupy-protesters-gather-ahead-national 5 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1606266/live-thousands-hit-streets-occupy-central-enters-fourth-night OCCUPY CENTRAL – NIGHT FOUR: Full coverage of all the night's events 1 October 2014 South China Morning Post nightfour https://web.archive.org/web/20150103174805/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1606266/live-thousands-hit-streets-occupy-central-enters-fourth-night 3 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/article/1607466/live-deadline-approaches-cy-leungs-resignation-protests-enter-fifth-day OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY FIVE: Full coverage of the day's events 2 October 2014 South China Morning Post dayfive https://web.archive.org/web/20150103171444/http://www.scmp.com/article/1607466/live-deadline-approaches-cy-leungs-resignation-protests-enter-fifth-day 3 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1608000/live-police-arm-government-hq-protesters-deadline-cy-leung-quit-looms OCCUPY CENTRAL – NIGHT FIVE: Full coverage of the night's events 2 October 2014 South China Morning Post nightfive https://web.archive.org/web/20150102222629/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1608000/live-police-arm-government-hq-protesters-deadline-cy-leung-quit-looms 2 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1608680/live-student-protesters-await-dialogue-date-lung-wo-road-open-traffic OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY SIX: Full coverage of the day's events 3 October 2014 South China Morning Post daysix https://web.archive.org/web/20150102212804/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1608680/live-student-protesters-await-dialogue-date-lung-wo-road-open-traffic 2 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1608996/live-police-struggle-keep-order-street-fights-break-out-mong-kok OCCUPY CENTRAL – NIGHT SIX: Full coverage of the night's events 3 October 2014 South China Morning Post nightsix https://web.archive.org/web/20150105001910/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1608996/live-police-struggle-keep-order-street-fights-break-out-mong-kok 5 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/article/1609275/live-19-arrested-18-injured-after-triads-attack-mong-kok-protest-site-friday OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY SEVEN: Full coverage of the day's events 4 October 2014 South China Morning Post dayseven https://web.archive.org/web/20150102170204/http://www.scmp.com/article/1609275/live-19-arrested-18-injured-after-triads-attack-mong-kok-protest-site-friday 2 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1609580/live-chinese-university-urges-students-leave-thousands-gather OCCUPY CENTRAL – NIGHT SEVEN: Full coverage of the night's events 4 October 2014 South China Morning Post nightseven https://web.archive.org/web/20150102193647/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1609580/live-chinese-university-urges-students-leave-thousands-gather 2 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1609926/live-occupy-couple-get-engaged-dawn-protest-enters-day-eight OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY EIGHT: Full coverage of the day's events 5 October 2014 South China Morning Post dayeight https://web.archive.org/web/20150102001049/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1609926/live-occupy-couple-get-engaged-dawn-protest-enters-day-eight 2 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1610063/live-occupy-protest-factions-announce-they-will-withdraw-key-sites OCCUPY CENTRAL – NIGHT EIGHT: Full coverage of the night's events 5 October 2014 South China Morning Post nighteight https://web.archive.org/web/20150104232754/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1610063/live-occupy-protest-factions-announce-they-will-withdraw-key-sites 4 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1610472/live-students-prepare-dialogue-hong-kongs-commuters-rush-work-early OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY NINE: Full coverage of the day's events 6 October 2014 South China Morning Post daynine https://web.archive.org/web/20150204064737/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1610472/live-students-prepare-dialogue-hong-kongs-commuters-rush-work-early 4 February 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1611027/mainland-lawyers-show-support-reform-protests-continue-outside OCCUPY CENTRAL – NIGHT NINE: Full coverage of the night's events 6 October 2014 South China Morning Post nightnine https://web.archive.org/web/20141231155303/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1611027/mainland-lawyers-show-support-reform-protests-continue-outside 31 December 2014 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1611212/live-hong-kong-protests-enter-tenth-day-dialogue-talks-drag OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY 10: Full coverage of the day's events 7 October 2014 South China Morning Post dayten https://web.archive.org/web/20150127142021/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1611212/live-hong-kong-protests-enter-tenth-day-dialogue-talks-drag 27 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1611911/live-remaining-occupy-protesters-wary-government-dialogue-set-friday OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY 11: Full coverage of the day's events 8 October 2014 South China Morning Post dayeleven https://web.archive.org/web/20150102193106/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1611911/live-remaining-occupy-protesters-wary-government-dialogue-set-friday 2 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1612602/live-democracy-advocates-urge-unity-occupy-movement-enters-12th-day OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY 12: Full coverage of the day's events 9 October 2014 South China Morning Post daytwelve https://web.archive.org/web/20150120184730/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1612602/live-democracy-advocates-urge-unity-occupy-movement-enters-12th-day 20 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1613434/live-liaison-office-website-targeted-hackers-government-cancels-talks OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY 13: Full coverage of the day's events 10 October 2014 South China Morning Post daythirteen https://web.archive.org/web/20150102004846/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1613434/live-liaison-office-website-targeted-hackers-government-cancels-talks 2 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1614307/live-occupy-continues-push-democracy-hong-kongs-leaders-head-mainland OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY 14: Full coverage of the day's events 11 October 2014 South China Morning Post dayfourteen https://web.archive.org/web/20150102175906/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1614307/live-occupy-continues-push-democracy-hong-kongs-leaders-head-mainland 2 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1614970/live-scuffles-mong-kok-hong-kongs-occupy-protests-enter-third-week OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY 15: Full coverage of the day's events 12 October 2014 South China Morning Post dayfifteen https://web.archive.org/web/20150102003025/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1614970/live-scuffles-mong-kok-hong-kongs-occupy-protests-enter-third-week 2 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1615546/live-police-attempt-clear-queensway-blockade-occupy-enters-16th-day OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY 16: Full coverage of the day's events 13 October 2014 South China Morning Post daysixteen https://web.archive.org/web/20150102194822/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1615546/live-police-attempt-clear-queensway-blockade-occupy-enters-16th-day 2 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1615997/live-causeway-bay-protesters-vow-rebuild-barricades-after-police OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY 17: Full coverage of the day's events 14 October 2014 South China Morning Post dayseventeen https://web.archive.org/web/20150116124728/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1615997/live-causeway-bay-protesters-vow-rebuild-barricades-after-police 16 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1616671/live-police-clash-occupy-protesters-attempt-clear-lung-wo-road OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY 18: Full coverage of the day's events 15 October 2014 South China Morning Post dayeighteen https://web.archive.org/web/20150105001159/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1616671/live-police-clash-occupy-protesters-attempt-clear-lung-wo-road 5 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1617448/live-night-anger-scuffles-and-pepper-spray-hong-kong-after-alleged OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY 19: Full coverage of the day's events 16 October 2014 South China Morning Post daynineteen https://web.archive.org/web/20140119010101/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1617448/live-night-anger-scuffles-and-pepper-spray-hong-kong-after-alleged dead 19 January 2014 https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1649110/live-police-prepare-clear-nathan-road-after-overnight-standoff Stand-off ensues between protesters and police in Mong Kok 26 November 2014 South China Morning Post dayfiftynine https://web.archive.org/web/20150102190814/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1649110/live-police-prepare-clear-nathan-road-after-overnight-standoff 2 January 2015 live https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1652860/live-occupy-students-clash-police-near-hong-kongs-government OCCUPY CENTRAL – DAY 64: Full coverage of the day's events 1 December 2014 South China Morning Post daysixtyfour https://web.archive.org/web/20140119010101/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1652860/live-occupy-students-clash-police-near-hong-kongs-government dead 19 January 2014 https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1660285/live-occupy-protesters-pack-and-say-their-goodbyes-hong-kong-police Occupy Central Clearance: Full coverage of the day's events 11 December 2014 South China Morning Post dayseventyfour https://web.archive.org/web/20140119010101/http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1660285/live-occupy-protesters-pack-and-say-their-goodbyes-hong-kong-police dead 19 January 2014 https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1660951/live-hong-kong-protesters-hauled-away-police-authorities-push-reopen Occupy Central Clearance: Full coverage of Thursday night's events 11 December 2014 South China Morning Post nightseventyfour Further reading Kong Tsung-gan Umbrella: a Political Tale from Hong Kong 2017 Pema Press 9780997238532 United States External links An In Depth Look at the Hong Kong Democracy Movement Amanda Tattersall. Commons Social Change Library. 2019 History and Timeline of Events Bloomberg Open letter to Xi Jinping (11 October 2014) Umbrella Revolution Photo Gallery https://web.archive.org/web/20141020180625/http://www.crowdalbum.com/page/HongKongProtests2014 20 October 2014 "Hong Kong: Occupy Central" https://web.archive.org/web/20141130063443/http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/peopleandpower/2014/10/hong-kong-occupy-central-201410151493427300.html 30 November 2014 . Al Jazeera "Cheng: Groups with different motivations unified for democracy in Hong Kong" (20 October 2014) Contextualizing Occupy Central in Contemporary Hong Kong "SCMP.com live blog archive during the movement" South China Morning Post China Hong Kong Current events Politics Society Protests Category:2014 protests Category:Hong Kong democracy movements Category:Occupy movement Category:Police brutality in Hong Kong Category:Articles containing video clips Category:Protest marches in Hong Kong Category:Political protests in Hong Kong Category:Causes of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests Category:Police brutality in the 2010s