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-den language
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Nearly unknown extinct language of Peru
-den American none none ? Peru Department of Cajamarca Guzmango unclassified (Hibito–Cholon?) Lenguas_del_obispado_de_Trujillo.jpg #c1faab -den
A virtually unknown and extinct Indigenous language of Peru, formerly spoken in Cajamarca Department, is referred to as mis -den from its characteristic toponym (also as mis -don, -ten, -ton, -din, -tin). It is known from only place names and possibly three words and has been associated with the kingdom of Cuismancu (Guzmango), centred in the province of Contumazá.Adelaar Willem F. H. The languages of the Andes Muysken Pieter 2004 Cambridge University press 978-0-521-36275-7 Cambridge language surveys Cambridge (G.B.) 405 It may have been related to the Hibito–Cholon languages,Urban Matthias 2021 Cholón and the linguistic prehistory of Northern Peru: triangulating toponymy, substrate lexis, and areal typology http://journals.dartmouth.edu/cgi-bin/WebObjects/Journals.woa/xmlpage/1/article/513 Linguistic Discovery en 17 1 10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.513 1537-0852 free and may even be identical to other such languages of the region known solely from their distinctive toponyms such as Chachapoya.Urban Matthias The Oxford Guide to the Languages of the Central Andes 2024-12-31 419–437 Urban Matthias https://academic.oup.com/book/59575/chapter/503209836 2026-02-02 1 Oxford University PressOxford 10.1093/oso/9780198849926.003.0014 978-0-19-884992-6 subscription Small and extinct languages of Northern Peru
Vocabulary
Three words found in a document commissioned by a member of the Cuismancu royal family are attributed to the mis -den language by Alfredo Torero.Ramón Gabriel Andrade Ciudad Luis 2021 LA “LENGUA GUZMANGO” EN CAJAMARCA COLONIAL: CONTEXTO Y PERSPECTIVAS http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-73562021005002101&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en Chungará (Arica) en ahead 0–0 10.4067/S0717-73562021005002101 0717-7356 free These words are mis ñus 'lady', mis losque 'young girl', and mis mizo 'female servant'.
See also
Chachapoya language
Culle language
Extinct languages of the Marañón River basin
References
Category:Unclassified languages of South America
Category:Toponymy
Category:Suffixes
Category:Indigenous languages of South America