16P/Brooks

Jupiter-family comet November 2025 other comets of the same name Comet Brooks (disambiguation)Comet Brooks 16P/Brooks Le ciel 1923 (150610345) - comet Brooks.jpg Sketch of the fragmentation of Comet Brooks 2 on 4 August 1889 William Robert Brooks Geneva, New York 7 July 1889 P/1889 N1, P/1896 M1 Brooks 2nasa-pds 1889 V, 1896 VI 1903 V, 1911 I, 1925 IX 1932 VIII, 1939 VII 1946 IV, 1953 V 1960 VI, 1974 I 1980 IX, 1987 XXIV 1994 XXIII jpldata MPC 21 November 2025 (JD 2461000.5) 132.56 years 922 1.885 AU 5.440 AU 3.663 AU 0.48453 7.009 years 3.009° 138.82° 245.38° 235.96° 40 km/s mi/s (1886 Jupiter approach) 26 km/s mi/sHorizons2028 (2028 perihelion) 2.863 0.459 AU 0.209 AU jpldata 1.59 km miTancredi_2006 12.2 15.6 18 April 2021 21 April 2028Horizons2028 16P/Brooks, also known as Brooks 2, is a Jupiter-family comet discovered by William Robert Brooks on 7 July 1889, but failed to note any motion. He was able to confirm the discovery the next morning, having seen that the comet had moved north. On 1 August 1889, the famous comet hunter Edward Emerson Barnard discovered two fragments of the comet labeled "B" and "C" located 1 and 4.5 arc minutes away. On 2 August he found another four or five, but these were no longer visible the next day. On August 4, he observed two more objects, labeled "D" and "E". "E" disappeared by the next night and "D" was gone by the next week. Around mid-month, "B" grew large and faint, finally disappearing at the beginning of September. "C" managed to survive until mid-November 1889. The apparition ended on 13 January 1891. After the discovery apparition, the comet has always been over two magnitudes fainter. 1886 The comet's breakup is believed to have been caused by the passage of the comet within Jupiter's Roche limit around 20 July 1886,aphelion when it spent two days within the orbit of Io.Io +16P/Brooks 2 best-fit Jupiter approach around 1886-Jul-20 Date & time ofclosest approach Jupiter distance(AU) Sun distance(AU) Velocitywrt Jupiter(km/s) Velocitywrt Sun(km/s) Reference 1886-Jul-20 22:32 0.001 AU e3km e3mi LD unit on 5.457 AU e6km e6mi unit 3 41.1 40.1 Horizons The very close approach to Jupiter in 1886 resulted in the previous perihelion distance becoming the new aphelion distance. +Orbital Elements for 1865 + 1889 Epoch Aphelion(AD) Perihelion(QR) Period 1865 14 AUAphelion1870 5.5 AU 31 years 1889 5.4 AU 1.95 AU 7 years On 31 December 2016 the comet passed 0.333 AU e6km unit on from Jupiter and on 5 July 2053 ± 3 days it will pass about 0.26 AU e6km unit from Jupiter. Notes aphelion Jupiter came to aphelion (farthest distance from the Sun) one month later on 1886-Aug-21 at 5.4568 AU. Io Io orbits 0.0028 AU e3km unit on from Jupiter. Aphelion1870 16P/Brooks came to aphelion (farthest distance from the Sun) around 1870 at ≈14.3 AU. References 16P/Brooks – JPL Small-Body Database Lookup https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=16P ssd.jpl.nasa.gov Jet Propulsion Laboratory 2023-07-19 16P/Brooks Orbit http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=16P Minor Planet Center 2014-06-16 Periodic Comet Names and Designations https://pds-smallbodies.astro.umd.edu/data_sb/resources/periodic_comets.shtml Planetary Data System: Small Body Node NASA 2026-08-17 G. Tancredi J. A. Fernández H. Rickman J. Licandro Nuclear magnitudes and the size distribution of Jupiter family comets Icarus 2006 182 2 527–549 2006Icar..182..527T 10.1016/j.icarus.2006.01.007 16P/Brooks past, present and future orbital elements http://jcometobs.web.fc2.com/pcmtn/0016p.htm Comet Orbit Kazuo Kinoshita 2016-08-01 https://web.archive.org/web/20110710232800/http://jcometobs.web.fc2.com/pcmtn/0016p.htm 2011-07-10 live 2023-07-19 Horizons Batch for 16P/Brooks 2 (90000259) on 1886-Jul-20 JPL Horizons 1889–1904 dataset https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/api/horizons.api?format=text&COMMAND=%2790000259%27&START_TIME=%271886-07-20%2022:30%27&STOP_TIME=%271886-07-20%2022:40%27&STEP_SIZE=%27300%27&QUANTITIES=%2720%27&CENTER=%27@599%27 https://web.archive.org/web/20230720142107/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/api/horizons.api?format=text&COMMAND=%2790000258%27&START_TIME=%271886-07-20%2022:30%27&STOP_TIME=%271886-07-20%2022:40%27&STEP_SIZE=%27300%27&QUANTITIES=%2720%27&CENTER=%27@599%27 2023-07-20 live 2023-07-19 Osculating Orbital Elements for 16P/Brooks (90000258) Horizons output https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%2790000259%27&TABLE_TYPE=%27ELEMENTS%27&START_TIME=%271865-01-01%27&STOP_TIME=%271889-01-01%27&STEP_SIZE=%2724%20years%27&CENTER=%27@Sun%27&OUT_UNITS=%27AU-D%27 2023-07-20 Horizons Batch for 16P/Brooks 2 (90000274) on 2028-Apr-21 JPL Horizons Perihelion occurs when rdot flips from negative to positive https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%27DES%3D16P%3BCAP%27&START_TIME=%272028-Apr-15%27&STOP_TIME=%272028-Apr-30%27&STEP_SIZE=%273%20hours%27&QUANTITIES=%2719,22%27 https://web.archive.org/web/20220615104804/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%2790000273%27&START_TIME=%272028-Apr-15%27&STOP_TIME=%272028-Apr-30%27&STEP_SIZE=%273%20hours%27&QUANTITIES=%2719%27 2022-06-15 live 2022-06-15 (JPL#K212/6 Soln.date: 2022-Feb-04) External links 1000008 16P 16P/Brooks at the Minor Planet Center database 16P/Brooks at Gary W. Kronk's Cometography 16P/Brooks at Seiichi Yoshida's website 15P/Finlay 17P/Holmes Category:Periodic comets 016P 0016 016P 016P 016P * *