1996 Romanian general election

none July 2020 Romania 1992 Romanian general election 1992 2000 Romanian general election 2000 yes Presidential election presidential 3 November 1996 (first round)17 November 1996 (second round) 76.01% (first round) 0.28pp75.90% (second round) 2.67pp Emil Constantinescu (17-07-1998).jpg Emil Constantinescu Romanian Democratic Convention 7,057,906 54.41% Ion Iliescu (2004) (cropped).jpg Ion Iliescu Independentnb The President of Romania traditionally resigns from party membership after taking office. Although Iliescu was officially an independent, his campaign was endorsed and funded by PDSR. 5,914,579 45.59% Social Democratic Party (Romania) 1996 Romania second round presidential results.svg Constantinescu: #5ca8cb 50–60% #2d90bd 60–70% #247195 70–80% #19546f 80–90% #10374cff >90%Iliescu: #e04350 50–60% #cb1d2b 60–70% President Ion Iliescu Emil Constantinescu Independent politician Romanian Democratic Convention yes Parliamentary election All 143 seats in the Senate All 343 seats in the Chamber of Deputies 3 November 1996 Chamber of Deputies Romanian Democratic Convention Emil Constantinescu 30.17 122 82 PDSR Ion Iliescu 21.52 91 117 Social Democratic Union (Romania) Petre Roman 12.93 53 43 Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania Béla Markó 6.64 25 27 Greater Romania Party Corneliu Vadim Tudor 4.46 19 16 Romanian National Unity Party Gheorghe Funar 4.36 18 30 Romanian ethnic minority parties 1.67 15 13 Senate Romanian Democratic Convention Emil Constantinescu 30.70 53 34 PDSR Ion Iliescu 23.08 41 49 Social Democratic Union (Romania) Petre Roman 13.16 23 18 Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania Béla Markó 6.82 11 12 Greater Romania Party Corneliu Vadim Tudor 4.54 8 6 Romanian National Unity Party Gheorghe Funar 4.22 7 14 1996 Romanian legislative election - Vote Strength.png Results for the Chamber of Deputies and Senate Prime Minister Prime Minister-designate Nicolae Văcăroiu Victor Ciorbea PDSR PNȚCD (CDR) General elections were held in Romania on 3 November 1996, with a second round of the presidential election on 17 November.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1591 978-3-8329-5609-7 Opinion polls prior to the elections suggested incumbent President Ion Iliescu of the Social Democracy Party of Romania (PDSR, formerly the Democratic National Salvation Front) would win a third term, though it was believed a large field of candidates would push him into a runoff.https://www.nytimes.com/1996/11/03/world/romanians-vote-today-but-change-isn-t-likely.html Romanians Vote Today, But Change Isn't Likely Jane Perlez The New York Times 3 November 1996 Iliescu received the most votes in the first round, just ahead of his 1992 run-off opponent, Emil Constantinescu of the Romanian Democratic Convention (CDR). In the second round, Constantinescu defeated Iliescu with 54 percent of the vote. Iliescu conceded defeat soon after the polls closed.https://www.nytimes.com/1996/11/18/world/non-communist-is-elected-romania-s-leader.html Non-Communist Is Elected Romania's Leader Jane Perlez The New York Times 18 November 1996 Constantinescu took office on 29 November, marking the first peaceful transfer of power since the fall of communism. To date, it is the only time since the introduction of direct presidential elections that an incumbent Romanian president has been defeated when running for re-election. The 1996 Romanian presidential election was the third of its kind held in post-1989 Romania. The CDR, a broad coalition of parties opposing the governing centre-left PDSR, also emerged as the largest bloc in Parliament, winning 122 of the 343 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 53 of the 143 seats in the Senate. Presidential candidates Name Lifespan Public administration experience Affiliation and endorsements Alma mater and profession Candidacy Announcement datesConstantinescu148x148pxEmil ConstantinescuBorn: dmy 1939 11 19(age 1939 11 19 1996 11 17)Tighina (de jure, Republic of Moldova; de facto Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic)Rector of University of Bucharest (1992–election day)Former presidential election:1992: 31.1% (2nd place, 1st round), 38.6% (2nd place, 2nd round)Affiliation: CDRFaculty of Law, University of Bucharest (1960)Faculty of Geology, University of Bucharest (1966)geology professorIliescux160pxIon IliescuBorn: dmy 1930 03 3(age 1930 03 03 1996 11 17)Oltenița, Călărași CountyDied dmy 2025 08 5, BucharestPresident of Romania (1989–election day)President of Water Surfaces Management Council (1979–1984)Member of the State Council (full member: 1979–1980, observative: 1974–1979)President of Iași County Council (1974–1979)Vice-President of Timiș County Council (1971–1974)Minister of Youth (1967–1971)Deputy (1957–1961, 1965–1973, 1975–1985)Former presidential elections:1992: 47.2% (1st place, 1st round), 61.4% (winner, 2nd round)1990: 85.1% (winner)Affiliation: PDSREnergy Institute, Moscow State University (1954)fluid mechanics engineer,publishing house managerRomanx160pxPetre RomanBorn: dmy 1946 7 22(age 1946 07 22 1996 11 03)BucharestDeputy (1990–election day)Prime Minister of Romania (1989–1991)Affiliation: Social Democratic UnionAlliance members: PD and PSDRFaculty of Energy, Politehnica University of Bucharest (1968)hydroelectric powerplant engineerFrundax160pxGyörgy FrundaBorn: dmy 1951 7 22(age 1951 07 22 1996 11 03)Târgu Mureș, Mureș CountySenator (1992–election day)Affiliation: UDMRFaculty of Law, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca (1974)lawyerTudorx160pxCorneliu Vadim TudorBorn: dmy 1949 11 28(age 1949 11 28 1996 11 03)BucharestDied dmy 2015 09 14, BucharestSenator (1992–election day)Affiliation: PRMFaculty of Philosophy, University of Bucharest (1971)journalist, writerFunarx160pxGheorghe FunarBorn: dmy 1949 9 29(age 1949 09 29 1996 11 03)Sânnicolau Mare, Timiș CountyMayor of Cluj-Napoca (1992–election day)Former presidential election:1992: 10.8% (3rd place, 1st round)Affiliation: PUNRFaculty of Economics and Business Management, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca (unknown year)economistMohorax160pxTudor MohoraBorn: dmy 1950 10 6(age 1950 10 06 1996 11 03)Bogdana, Teleorman CountyDeputy (1992–election day)Affiliation: Socialist PartyFaculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest (1974)chemistry teacherManolescux160pxNicolae ManolescuBorn: dmy 1939 11 27(age 1939 11 27 1996 11 03)Râmnicu Vâlcea, Vâlcea CountyDied dmy 2024 03 23, BucharestSenator (1992–election day)Affiliation: National Liberal AllianceFaculty of Philology, University of Bucharest (1962)writer, literary criticPăunescux160pxAdrian PăunescuBorn: dmy 1943 7 20(age 1943 07 20 1996 11 03)Copăceni, Sîngerei District, Republic of MoldovaDied dmy 2010 11 5, BucharestSenator (1992–election day)Affiliation: PSMFaculty of Philology, University of Bucharest (1968)poetPop de Popax160pxIoan Pop de PopaBorn: dmy 1927 10 6(age 1927 10 06 1996 11 03)Oradea, Bihor CountyDied dmy 2021 04 30, OradeaDeputy (1965–1973)Affiliation: Center National UnionFaculty of Medicine, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca (1952)cardiologistMunteanx160pxGeorge MunteanBorn: dmy 1932 11 17(age 1932 11 17 1996 11 03)Bilca, Suceava CountyDied dmy 2004 06 1, BucharestAffiliation: Pensioners Party of RomaniaFaculty of Letters, University of Bucharest (1959)historian, journalistCâmpeanux160pxRadu CâmpeanuBorn: dmy 1922 2 28(age 1922 2 28 1996 11 03), BucharestDied dmy 2016 10 19, BucharestFormer presidential election:1990: 10.6% (2nd place)Affiliation: National Liberal-Ecologist AllianceFaculty of Law, University of Bucharest (1945)Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Bucharest (1947)economistAnghelinax160pxNuțu AnghelinaBorn: dmy 1956 4 16(age 1956 04 16 1996 11 03)Buhuși, Bacău County Dieddmy 2021 08 4, BucharestAffiliation: noneFaculty of Orthodox Theology, unknown university (1986)orthodox priestMudavax160pxConstantin MudavaBorn: dmy 1935 04 8(age 1935 04 08 1996 11 03)Ghirdoveni, Dâmbovița CountyDied dmy 2018 11 1, TârgovișteAffiliation: noneunknown educationholistic healerNiculescux160pxConstantin NiculescuBorn: dmy 1940 5 18(age 1940 05 18 1996 11 03)Râmnicu Vâlcea, Vâlcea County Died dmy 2025 02 17, BucharestPresident of Romanian Automobile Club (1994–election day)Affiliation: National Party of MotoristsFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Transilvania University of Brașov (1960)mechanical engineerMilitarux160pxNicolae MilitaruBorn: dmy 1925 11 10(age 1925 11 10 1996 11 03)Bălești, Gorj CountyDied dmy 1996 12 27, BucharestMinister of Defence (1989–1990)Deputy Minister for Industrial Constructions (1978–1984)Deputy (1969–1975)Affiliation: noneFrunze Military Academy, Moscow (unknown year)military Results President Presidential election – First round|thumb|270px alt=Presidential election – First round|thumb|Presidential election – First round|268x268px Presidential election – Second round|thumb|270pxalt=Presidential election – Second round|thumb|Presidential election – Second round|266x266pxPetre Roman, György Frunda, Gheorghe Funar, and Nicolae Manolescu openly endorsed Constantinescu in the second round. Corneliu Vadim Tudor, Tudor Mohora, and Adrian Păunescu openly endorsed Iliescu. Emil Constantinescu Romanian Democratic Convention 3569941 7057906 Ion Iliescu Party of Social Democracy in Romania 4081093 5914579 Petre Roman Democratic Party 2598545 György Frunda Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania 761411 Corneliu Vadim Tudor Greater Romania Party 597508 Gheorghe Funar Romanian National Unity Party 407828 Tudor Mohora Socialist Party 160387 Nicolae Manolescu National Liberal Alliance 90122 #FFE101 Adrian Păunescu Socialist Party of Labour 87163 Ion Pop de Popa Humanist Party 59752 George Muntean Independent 54218 Radu Câmpeanu National Liberal Ecologist Alliance 43780 #FFE101 Nuțu Anghelina Independent 43319 Constantin Mudava Independent 39477 Constantin Niculescu National Party of Drivers 30045 Nicolae Militaru Independent 28318 435481 106398 17218654 17230654 Nohlen & Stöver Vote share #ddd 600px 500px Second round Constantinescu Romanian Democratic Convention 54.41 Iliescu Social Democratic Party (Romania) 45.59 First round Iliescu Social Democratic Party (Romania) 32.25 Constantinescu Romanian Democratic Convention 28.21 Roman Democratic Party (Romania) 20.54 Frunda Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania 6.02 Tudor Greater Romania Party 4.72 Funar Romanian National Unity Party 3.22 Muhora Socialist Party 1.27 Others #777777 3.76 Parliament Senate thumb|301x301px|Results of the 1996 Romanian legislative election, showing the number of votes for the party that won a plurality in each locality. Results for the Senate Romanian Democratic Convention 3772084 53 19 Party of Social Democracy in Romania 2836011 41 −8 Social Democratic Union (PD–PSDR) 1617384 23 +5 Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania 837760 11 −1 Greater Romania Party 558026 8 +2 Romanian National Unity Party 518962 7 −7 Socialist Party 277104 0 New Socialist Party of Labour 265659 0 −5 National Liberal Alliance 236132 0 New #FFE101 Party of Pensioners of Romania 178654 0 New Romanian Socialist Party of Workers 163582 0 New National Union of the Centre (PDAR–MER–PUR) 118859 0 –5 National Peasant Party 86746 0 0 National Liberal Ecologist Alliance (PNL–C–PAV-E) 86359 0 New #FFE101 Party of the Roma 80622 0 0 Roma Union 72648 0 New National Christian Democratic Party 65932 0 New National Party of the Motorists 57644 0 New Romanian Working Party 49325 0 New Free Republican Party 36877 0 0 New Romania Party 35027 0 New Ecological Convention Party of Romania 33888 0 New Party of Reunification–Dacian-Latin Option 28622 0 New Christian Democratic Union 23656 0 0 Party for the Motherland 21295 0 New Party of Former Non-Communists and Political Prisoners 20989 0 New Party of Social Protection of Romania 20972 0 New Republican Party 20273 0 0 Romanian Socialist Party 18834 0 New Hungarian Free Democratic Party of Romania 12103 0 New Party of Private Entrepreneurs–Social Democratic Party 11627 0 New Party of the Revival of Romania 'Ion Mihalache' 9111 0 New Community of the Roma Ethnicity in Romania 6073 0 New Liberal Christian Party 5933 0 New Party of the Romanian Revolution 2938 0 New Union of the Roma, Constanța County 763 0 New Party of Democratic Solidarity 299 0 New Independents 98898 0 0 800717 0 17218654 Nohlen & Stöver, University of Essex File:Romanian Senate 1996.svg Romanian Democratic Convention (CDR) members included the PNȚCD, PNL, PNL–CD (1 senator), PAR (3 senators), PER (1 senator), Ecologist Federation of Romania (FER) (1 senator). Chamber of Deputies thumb|Results of the 1996 Romanian legislative elections, showing the number of votes for the party that won a plurality in each locality. Results for the Chamber of Deputies. Romanian Democratic Convention 3692321 122 +40 Party of Social Democracy in Romania 2633860 91 −26 Social Democratic Union (PSDR–PD) 1582231 53 +10 Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania 812628 25 −2 Greater Romania Party 546430 19 +3 Romanian National Unity Party 533348 18 −12 Socialist Party 280364 0 New Socialist Party of Labour 262563 0 −13 Romanian Socialist Party of Workers 212303 0 New National Liberal Alliance 192495 0 New #FFE101 Party of Pensioners of Romania 175676 0 New National Union of the Centre (PDAR–MER–PUR) 106069 0 0 National Peasant Party 102831 0 0 National Liberal Ecologist Alliance (PNL–C–PAV-E) 96412 0 New #FFE101 Party of the Roma 82195 1 0 Roma Union 71020 0 New National Democratic Christian Party 69380 0 0 National Party of the Motorists 56387 0 New Romanian Working Party 50011 0 New New Romania Party 33672 0 New Free Republican Party 29576 0 0 Ecological Convention Party of Romania 27544 0 New Party of Reunification–Dacian-Latin Option 25620 0 New Democratic Forum of Germans 23888 1 0 Party of Former Non-Communists and Political Prisoners 21060 0 New Christian Democratic Union 19693 0 0 Party for the Motherland 17841 0 New Republican Party 17190 0 0 Party of Social Protection of Romania 16762 0 New Hungarian Free Democratic Party of Romania 14333 0 New Federation of the Jewish Communities in Romania 12746 1 New Party of Private Entrepreneurs–Social Democratic Party 11990 0 New Community of the Lipovan Russians 11902 1 0 Union of Armenians of Romania 11543 1 0 Italian Community of Romania 11454 1 0 Liberal Christian Party 10345 0 New Association of Italians of Romania 9833 0 New Romanian Socialist Party 9103 0 New Cultural Union of Albanians of Romania 8722 1 New Hellenic Union of Romania 8463 1 0 Party of the Revival of Romania 'Ion Mihalache' 7751 0 New Party of the Romanian Revolution 7340 0 New Union of the Ukrainians of Romania 7165 1 0 Democratic Union of Serbs and Carasovenians in Romania 6851 1 0 Democratic Union of Slovaks and Czechs of Romania 6531 1 0 Democratic Union of Turkish-Muslim Tatars 6319 1 0 Bratstvo Community of Bulgarians in Romania 5359 1 New Community of the Roma Ethnicity in Romania 5227 0 New Democratic Turkish Union of Romania 4326 1 0 Democratic Union of Ukrainians in Romania 4132 0 New Bulgarian Union of Banat–Romania 4115 0 −1 Forum of the Szeklers Youth 2142 0 New Union of Poles of Romania 1842 1 0 Federation of Italians in Romania 1711 0 New Hellenic Union of Romania–Prahova Hellenic Community 1509 0 New Party of Democratic Solidarity 1352 0 New Community of Italians from Galați 791 0 New Community of Italians from Pitești 695 0 New General Union of the Associations of the Huțul Ethnicity 646 0 New Union of the Roma, Constanța County 640 0 New Union of Croats of Romania 486 0 0 Social Cultural Association in Romania 439 0 New Italian Community – Prahova County 437 0 New Federation of Italians in Romania – Italian Community Ovidius Constanța 311 0 New Independents 248825 0 0 849642 – +2 +2 17218654 – Nohlen & Stöver, University of Essex File:Romanian Chamber of Deputies 1996.svg Notes nb References Category:Parliamentary elections in Romania Category:Presidential elections in Romania General Presidential election Romania