2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries

Selection of the Democratic Party nominee June 2025 May 2016 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries United States primary no 2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries 2012 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries 2020 February 1 to June 14, 2016 4,763 delegate votes to the Democratic National Convention 2,382 delegate no File:Hillary Clinton by Gage Skidmore 2.jpg Hillary Clinton d4aa00 New York 34 2,842 16,917,853popularvote Does not include popular vote totals from Iowa, Maine, Nevada, North Dakota, Washington, Wyoming, or non-binding primarieshttp://www.thegreenpapers.com/P16/D Democratic Convention The Green Papers Richard E. Berg-Andersson June 13, 2016 55.2%popularvote File:Bernie Sanders September 2015 cropped.jpg 160x160px Bernie Sanders 228b22 Vermont 23 1,865 13,210,550popularvote 43.1%popularvote First place by initial pledged delegate allocation 350px First place by convention roll call 1 350px First place by initial pledged delegate allocation #D4AA00 Hillary Clinton 1 #228B22 Bernie Sanders 1 center First place by convention roll call #D4AA00 Hillary Clinton 1 #228B22 Bernie Sanders 1 #6E6E6E Tie 1 350px Democratic nominee Barack Obama Hillary Clinton Presidential primaries and caucuses were organized by the Democratic Party to select the 4,051 delegates to the 2016 Democratic National Convention held July 25–28 and determine the nominee for President in the 2016 United States presidential election. The elections took place within all fifty U.S. states, the District of Columbia, five U.S. territories, and Democrats Abroad and occurred between February 1 and June 14, 2016. This was the first time the Democratic primary had nominated a woman for president. Six major candidates entered the race starting April 12, 2015, when former Secretary of State and New York Senator Hillary Clinton formally announced her second bid for the presidency. She was followed by Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders, former Governor of Maryland Martin O'Malley, former Governor of Rhode Island Lincoln Chafee, former Virginia Senator Jim Webb and Harvard Law Professor Lawrence Lessig. A draft movement was started to encourage Massachusetts Senator Elizabeth Warren to seek the presidency. Warren declined to run, as did incumbent Vice President Joe Biden. Webb, Chafee, and Lessig withdrew prior to the February 1, 2016, Iowa caucuses.https://newrepublic.com/article/123116/americans-love-underdog-just-not-chafee-webb-or-omalley Americans Love an Underdog—Just Not Lincoln Chafee, Jim Webb, or Martin O'Malley Reston Laura 2015-10-14 New Republic 2016-06-02https://www.politico.com/story/2015/11/lawrence-lessig-drops-out-215443 Lessig drops out of presidential race Politico November 2, 2015 November 2, 2015 Strauss, Daniel Clinton won Iowa by the closest margin in the history of the state's Democratic caucus to date. O'Malley suspendedsuspend In US elections, suspending a campaign allows candidates to cease active campaigning while still legally raising funds to pay off their debts.https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-WB-61082 Why Candidates 'Suspend' Losing Campaigns Rather Than Say 'I Quit' The Wall Street Journal Rebecca Ballhaus February 11, 2016 his campaign after a distant third-place finish, leaving Clinton and Sanders as the only two candidates. The race turned out to be more competitive than expected, with Sanders decisively winning New Hampshire, while Clinton subsequently won Nevada and won a landslide victory in South Carolina. Clinton then secured numerous important wins in each of the nine most populous states including California, New York, Florida, and Texas, while Sanders scored various victories in between. He then laid off a majority of staff after the New York primary and Clinton's multi-state sweep on April 26.https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/sanders-lay-staff-after-tuesday-primary-losses-n563776 Sanders Lays Off Staff After Tuesday Primary Losses NBC News April 29, 2016 On June 6, the Associated Press and NBC News stated that Clinton had become the presumptive nominee after reaching the required number of delegates, including both pledged and unpledged delegates (superdelegates), to secure the nomination. In doing so, she became the first woman to ever be the presumptive nominee of any major political party in the United States.https://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/clinton-hits-magic-number-delegates-clinch-nomination/ Clinton hits 'magic number' of delegates to clinch nomination NBC News Carrie Dann June 6, 2016 June 7, 2016 On June 7, Clinton secured a majority of pledged delegates after winning in the California and New Jersey primaries.https://www.politico.com/story/2016/06/clinton-delegates-pledged-224044 Hillary Clinton secures majority of pledged delegate June 8, 2016 June 15, 2016 Politico President Barack Obama, Vice President Joe Biden and Senator Elizabeth Warren endorsed Clinton on June 9.http://www.cnn.com/2016/06/09/politics/president-barack-obama-endorses-hillary-clinton-in-video/index.html Obama endorses Hillary Clinton in video Eric Bradner CNN June 9, 2016 June 10, 2016Bixby Scott Hillary Clinton gets endorsements from Obama, Biden and Elizabeth Warren – as it happened https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/live/2016/jun/09/presidential-campaign-bernie-sanders-meet-obama-white-house-clinton-trump June 15, 2016 The Guardian June 9, 2016 Sanders confirmed on June 24 that he would vote for Clinton over Donald Trump in the general electionhttp://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-06-24/bernie-sanders-says-he-will-vote-for-hillary-clinton/7542864 US Election: Bernie Sanders says he will vote for Hillary Clinton 24 June 2016 ABC News Reuters 24 June 2016 and endorsed Clinton on July 12 in Portsmouth, New Hampshire.https://www.npr.org/2016/07/11/485533468/sanders-and-clinton-to-rally-together-in-new-hampshire Sanders And Clinton To Rally Together In New Hampshire npr.org July 12, 2016 Keith Tamara 11 July 2016 On July 22, WikiLeaks published the Democratic National Committee email leak, in which DNC operatives seemed to deride Bernie Sanders' campaignhttps://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/23/us/politics/dnc-emails-sanders-clinton.html Released Emails Suggest the D.N.C. Derided the Sanders Campaign 2018-11-06 en and discuss ways to advance Clinton's nomination,https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/07/24/here-are-the-latest-most-damaging-things-in-the-dncs-leaked-emails/ Here are the latest, most damaging things in the DNC's leaked emails Blake Aaron July 25, 2016 The Washington Post November 6, 2018 leading to the resignation of DNC chair Debbie Wasserman Schultz and other implicated officials. The leak was allegedly part of an operation by the Russian government to undermine Hillary Clinton.Adam Entous, Ellen Nakashima and Greg Miller Secret CIA assessment says Russia was trying to help Trump win White House 9 December 2016 https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/obama-orders-review-of-russian-hacking-during-presidential-campaign/2016/12/09/31d6b300-be2a-11e6-94ac-3d324840106c_story.html The Washington Post 10 December 2016Shane Harris, Ellen Nakashima and Craig Timberg Through email leaks and propaganda, Russians sought to elect Trump, Mueller finds 18 April 2019 https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/through-email-leaks-and-propaganda-russians-sought-to-elect-trump-mueller-finds/2019/04/18/109ddf74-571b-11e9-814f-e2f46684196e_story.html The Washington Post 2 June 2019 Although the ensuing controversy initially focused on emails that dated from relatively late in the primary, when Clinton was already close to securing the nomination, the emails cast doubt on the DNC's neutrality and, according to Sanders operatives and multiple media commentators, showed that the DNC had favored Clinton since early on.https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-41850798 Elizabeth Warren agrees Democratic race 'rigged' for Clinton November 3, 2017 BBC News November 21, 2018https://edition.cnn.com/2016/07/24/politics/dnc-email-leak-wikileaks/index.html What was in the DNC email leak? Schleifer Theodore July 25, 2016 CNN November 21, 2018https://time.com/4420912/bernie-sanders-dnc-wikileaks-debbie-wasserman-schultz/ Bernie Sanders Calls for Debbie Wasserman Schultz to Resign After Email Leak Chan Melissa July 24, 2016 Time November 21, 2018 August 4, 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20200804020804/https://time.com/4420912/bernie-sanders-dnc-wikileaks-debbie-wasserman-schultz/ deadhttps://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/jul/24/clinton-campaign-blames-russia-wikileaks-sanders-dnc-emails Hillary Clinton campaign blames leaked DNC emails about Sanders on Russia Yuhas Alan July 24, 2016 The Guardian November 21, 2018https://www.haaretz.com/world-news/bitterness-and-frustration-among-dems-over-email-leak-1.5414930 https://web.archive.org/web/20181202070532/https://www.haaretz.com/world-news/bitterness-and-frustration-among-dems-over-email-leak-1.5414930 dead December 2, 2018 Sanders Calls for DNC Chair's Resignation as Hacked Emails Overshadow Convention Flaherty Anne July 24, 2016 Haaretz November 21, 2018 This was evidenced by alleged bias in the scheduling and conduct of the debates,debates As far back as 2015, the sharp reduction of the debate schedule, as well as the days and times, had been criticized by multiple rivals as biased in Clinton's favor.https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/aug/06/democrats-debate-schedule-hillary-clinton Democratic primary debate schedule criticized as Clinton 'coronation' 6 August 2015 The Guardian The DNC denied bias, claiming to be cracking down on the non-sanctioned debates that proliferated in recent cycles, while leaving the number of officially sanctioned debates the same as in 2004 and 2008.https://www.vox.com/2015/8/6/9110605/democrats-debate-schedule Vox Andrew Prokop The Democrats just released their debate schedule, and it's great news for Hillary Clinton August 6, 2015 June 2, 2019https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/is-six-democratic-debates-too-few/ https://web.archive.org/web/20171004011844/https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/is-six-democratic-debates-too-few/ dead October 4, 2017 Is Six Democratic Debates Too Few? FiveThirtyEight Harry Enten 2016-05-06 2017-09-07 Donna Brazile, who succeeded Debbie Wasserman Schultz as DNC chair after the first batch of leaks,https://www.politico.com/story/2016/07/wasserman-schultz-wont-preside-over-dnc-convention-226088 Wasserman Schultz steps down as DNC chair Caputo Marc July 24, 2016 Politico November 21, 2018 was shown in the emails leaking primary debate questions to the Clinton campaign before the debates were held, although a senior aide to Sanders came to Brazile's defense and tried to downplay the issue.https://www.latimes.com/nation/politics/trailguide/la-na-trailguide-updates-former-senior-aide-to-bernie-sanders-1476297181-htmlstory.html/ www.latimes.com/nation/politics/trailguide/la-na-trailguide-updates-former-senior-aide-to-bernie-sanders-1476297181-htmlstory.html 12 October 2016 A Times as well as controversial DNC–Clinton agreements regarding financial arrangements and control over policy and hiring decisions.agreements Brazile went on to write a book about the primary and what she called "unethical" behavior in which the DNC (after its debt from 2012 was resolved by the Clinton campaign) gave the Clinton campaign control over hirings and press releases, and allegedly helped it circumvent campaign finance regulation.https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/11/02/clinton-brazile-hacks-2016-215774/ Inside Hillary Clinton's Secret Takeover of the DNC Brazile Donna November 2, 2017 Politico November 10, 2017 Several Democratic leaders responded that the joint-fundraising agreement was standard, was for the purpose of the general election, and was also offered to the Sanders campaign. However, another agreement that came to light gave the Clinton campaign powers over the DNC well before the primary was decided. Some media commentators noted that the Clinton campaign's level of influence on staffing decisions was indeed unusual and could have ultimately influenced factors such as the debate schedule.https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/11/2/16599036/donna-brazile-hillary-clinton-sanders Donna Brazile's bombshell about the DNC and Hillary Clinton, explained Stein Jeff November 2, 2017 Vox June 10, 2019 Other media commentators have disputed the significance of the emails, arguing that the DNC's internal preference for Clinton was not historically unusual and did not affect the primary enough to sway the outcome, as Clinton received over 3 million more popular votes and 359 more pledged delegates than Sanders.Heersink, Boris (November 4, 2017). "No, the DNC didn't 'rig' the Democratic primary for Hillary Clinton". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 8, 2018.Houle, Dana (July 25, 2016). "No, the DNC Didn't Rig the Primary in Favor of Hillary". The New Republic. Retrieved March 8, 2018.Holland, Joshua (July 29, 2016). "What the Leaked E-mails Do and Don't Tell Us About the DNC and Bernie Sanders" https://web.archive.org/web/20191205101725/https://www.thenation.com/article/what-the-leaked-e-mails-do-and-dont-tell-us-about-the-dnc-and-bernie-sanders/ December 5, 2019 . The Nation. Retrieved March 8, 2018.Gaughan Anthony J. August 27, 2019 https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3443916 Was the Democratic Nomination Rigged? A Reexamination of the Clinton-Sanders Presidential Race University of Florida Journal of Law & Public Policy 29 3443916 "This article [...] contends that the overwhelming weight of evidence makes clear the 2016 Democratic nomination process was not rigged in favor of Hillary Clinton. Second, this article argues that the Democratic Party rules and state election laws actually hurt Clinton and benefited Sanders." October 29, 2020Wolf Z. Byron 2017-11-04 Could Bernie Sanders have won a primary that wasn't 'rigged'? Um. CNN Politics https://www.cnn.com/2017/11/04/politics/bernie-sanders-2016-election-donna-brazile/index.html 2023-08-29 CNN en The controversies ultimately led to the formation of a DNC "unity" commission to recommend reforms in the party's primary process.https://www.politico.com/story/2017/12/09/dnc-superdelegates-unity-commission-288634 DNC 'unity' panel recommends huge cut in superdelegates Robillard Kevin Politico December 9, 2017 June 2, 2019https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/democrats-vs-trump/democrats-strip-super-delegates-power-reform-caucuses-historic-move-n903866 Democrats strip superdelegates of power and reform caucuses in 'historic' move Seitz-Wald Alex NBC News August 25, 2018 June 2, 2019 On July 26, 2016, the Democratic National Convention officially nominated Clinton for presidenthttps://www.politico.com/story/2016/07/dnc-kicks-off-roll-call-vote-to-nominate-clinton-226239 Hillary Clinton breaks the glass ceiling Politico September 24, 2016 and a day later, Virginia Senator Tim Kaine for vice president.https://www.wsj.com/articles/tim-kaine-to-get-an-introduction-and-an-audition-1469662909 Tim Kaine Accepts Vice-Presidential Nomination at Democratic National Convention Janet Hook July 27, 2016 The Wall Street Journal Clinton and Kaine went on to lose to the Republican ticket of Donald Trump and Mike Pence in the general election. Candidates 2016 Democratic Party presidential candidates Nominee +Democratic nominee for the 2016 presidential election Candidate Born Most recent position Home state Campaign Announcement date Total pledged delegates Popular vote Contests wonpledged According to popular vote or pledged delegate count (not counting superdelegates); see below for detail. Running mate Ref. Clinton149x149pxHillary Clinton 1947 10 26 (age 1947 10 26 2016 7 26) Chicago, Illinois U.S. Secretary of State(2009–2013) New York 2015-04-12frameless|150x150pxCampaign2015 4 12FEC filingSecured nomination:June 6, 2016 2205 / 4051 (2205 4051 0) 16,917,853 34 AL, AR, AS, AZ, CA,CT, DC, DE, FL, GA,GU, IA, IL, KY, LA,MA, MD, MO, MP, MS,NC, NJ, NM, NV, NY,OH, PA, PR, SC, SD,split Pledged delegates split evenly between Sanders and Clinton.TN, TX, VA, VI alt=|frameless|125x125px Tim Kaine Karni Annie https://www.politico.com/story/2015/04/hillary-clinton-2016-election-presidential-launch-116888 Hillary Clinton formally announces 2016 run Politico April 12, 2015 Withdrew at the convention +Major candidates who withdrew at the 2016 Democratic National Convention Candidate Born Most recent position Home state Campaign announced Lost Nomination Campaign Total pledged delegates Popular vote Contests wonpledged According to popular vote or pledged delegate count (not counting superdelegates); see below for detail. Ref. 130x130px Bernie Sanders 1941 9 8 (age 1941 9 8 2016 7 26) Brooklyn, New York U.S. Senator from Vermont(2007–present) Vermont April 30, 2015 July 26, 2016(endorsed Clinton)Chozick Amy https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/13/us/politics/bernie-sanders-hillary-clinton.html Bernie Sanders Endorses Hillary Clinton, Hoping to Unify Democrats The New York Times July 12, 2016 120px(Campaign • Positions)FEC filing 1846 / 4051 (1846 4051 0) 13,210,550 23AK, CO, DA, HI,ID, IN, KS, ME,MI, MN, MT, NE,Hillary Clinton won the non-binding Nebraska Democratic Primary.NH, ND, OK, OR, RI, UT, VT, WA,Hillary Clinton won the non-binding Washington Democratic Primary.WI, WV, WYsplit Mercia Dan https://www.cnn.com/2015/04/29/politics/bernie-sanders-announces-presidential-run/index.html Bernie Sanders is running for president CNN April 30, 2015 Withdrew during the primaries +Major candidates who withdrew during the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries Candidate Born Most recent position Home state Campaign announced Campaign suspended Campaign Ref 130x130pxMartin O'Malley 1963 1 18(age 1963 1 18 2016 2 1) Washington, D.C. Governor of Maryland(2007–2015) Maryland May 31, 2015 February 1, 2016(endorsed Clinton)MartinOMalley 740983189414547456 Jun 9, 2016 For the future of the country, I am committing my energies to the election of Secretary Clinton as the next President. #ImWithher 120px(Campaign • Website https://web.archive.org/web/20160126012752/https://martinomalley.com/ January 26, 2016 )FEC filing https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2015/05/30/martin-omalley-president-announcement/27330857/ Martin O'Malley jumps into presidential race USA Today May 30, 2015 May 30, 2015 Jackson, David Cooper, Allenhttps://www.politico.com/story/2016/02/martin-omalley-suspends-his-campaign-218587 Martin O'Malley suspends bid for the Democratic nomination Politico February 1, 2016 February 1, 2015 Debenedetti, Gabriel Withdrew before the primaries +Major candidates who withdrew before the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries Candidate Born Most recent position Home state Campaign announced Campaign suspended Campaign Ref 130x130pxLincoln Chafee 1953 3 26 (age 1953 3 26 2015 10 23) Providence, Rhode Island Governor of Rhode Island(2011–2015) Rhode Island June 3, 2015 October 23, 2015(endorsed Clinton)merica 760882620322357248 Aug 3, 2016 Lincoln Chafee, who briefly ran against HRC, will "enthusiastically support" Hillary Clinton now that she is the nominee, per Chafee's spox. 90px (Campaign • Website)FEC filing Foley, Elise May 29, 2015 https://www.politico.com/story/2015/05/lincoln-chafee-2016-presidential-run-118415.html?hp=l2_4 Lincoln Chafee to announce presidential run on June 3 Politico October 23, 2015Lincoln Chafee drops out of Democratic primary race Dan Merica Tom LoBianco CNN October 23, 2015 http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/23/politics/lincoln-chafee-2016-election-dnc-meeting/index.html 130x130pxJim Webb 1946 2 9 (age 1946 2 9 2015 10 20) Saint Joseph, Missouri U.S. Senator from Virginia(2007–2013)Virginia July 7, 2015 October 20, 2015 90px (Campaign • Website)FEC filingAmended FEC filing (party changed to Independent) https://www.usnews.com/news/blogs/run-2016/2015/07/02/jim-webb-announces-for-president Jim Webb Announces For President U.S. News & World Report July 2, 2015 July 2, 2015 Catanese, David https://web.archive.org/web/20150703113357/http://www.usnews.com/news/blogs/run-2016/2015/07/02/jim-webb-announces-for-president July 3, 2015 deadhttps://www.foxnews.com/politics/webb-drops-democratic-presidential-bid-weighs-possible-independent-run/ Webb drops Democratic presidential bid, weighs possible independent run Fox News October 20, 2015 January 1, 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20151116061406/http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2015/10/20/webb-to-drop-out-democratic-2016-race/ November 16, 2015 live mdy-all 130x130pxLawrence Lessig 1961 6 3 (age 1961 6 3 2015 11 2) Rapid City, South Dakota Professor at Harvard Law School(2009–2016)Massachusetts September 9, 2015 November 2, 2015 90px (Campaign • Website)FEC filing Campaign Press Release: Larry Lessig Hits $1 Million Fundraising Benchmark, Plans to Announce His Campaign for President at Historic New Hampshire Site https://lessig2016.us/media/2015-09-08-nh-campaign-launch/ Lessig2016.us September 11, 2015 https://web.archive.org/web/20151002121639/https://lessig2016.us/media/2015-09-08-nh-campaign-launch/ October 2, 2015 dead mdy-allhttps://www.politico.com/story/2015/11/lawrence-lessig-drops-out-215443 Lessig drops out of presidential race Politico November 2, 2015 November 2, 2015 Strauss, Daniel Other candidates' results 2016 Democratic Party presidential candidates The following candidates were frequently interviewed by news channels and were invited to forums and candidate debates. For reference, Clinton received 16,849,779 votes in the primaries. Candidates in this section are sorted by number of votes received Martin O'Malley Lawrence Lessig Jim Webb Lincoln Chafeecenter|120x120pxcenter|120x120pxcenter|120x120pxcenter|120x120pxGovernor of Maryland(2007–2015)Harvard law professor(2009–2016)U.S. Senatorfrom Virginia(2007–2013)Governor of Rhode Island(2011–2015)CampaignCampaignCampaignCampaign110,423 votes4 write-in votes in New Hampshire2 write-in votes in New Hampshirenone Other candidates participated in one or more state primaries without receiving major coverage or substantial vote counts. Timeline Background thumb|220px|Former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, April 2015 In the weeks following the re-election of President Obama in the 2012 presidential election, media speculation regarding potential candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination in the 2016 presidential election began to circulate. The speculation centered on the prospects of Clinton, then-Secretary of State, making a second presidential bid in the 2016 election. Clinton had previously served as a U.S. Senator for New York (2001–09) and was the First Lady of the U.S. (1993–2001).https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2012/12/05/run-hillary-run-majority-want-a-clinton-2016-candidacy/ Run Hillary Run!: Majority want a Clinton 2016 candidacy The Washington Post December 5, 2012 March 7, 2015 Cohen, Jonhttp://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2012/12/10/clinton-rides-high-poll-numbers-into-private-life-for-now/ Clinton rides high poll numbers into private life (for now?) CNN December 10, 2012 March 7, 2015 Steinhauser, Paul April 21, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210421105358/https://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2012/12/10/clinton-rides-high-poll-numbers-into-private-life-for-now/ dead A January 2013 Washington Post–ABC News poll indicated that she had high popularity among the American public.https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2013/01/23/record-high-for-hillary-clinton-as-she-faces-little-regarded-congress/ Hillary Clinton reaches new heights of political popularity The Washington Post January 23, 2013 March 7, 2015 Cohen, Jon Blake, Aaronhttps://www.csmonitor.com/USA/DC-Decoder/Decoder-Buzz/2012/1210/Are-Republicans-really-incapable-of-beating-Hillary-Clinton-in-2016 Are Republicans really 'incapable' of beating Hillary Clinton in 2016? The Christian Science Monitor December 10, 2012 March 7, 2015 Marlantes, Liz This polling information prompted numerous political pundits and observers to anticipate that Clinton would mount a second presidential bid in 2016, entering the race as the early front-runner for the Democratic nomination.https://www.csmonitor.com/USA/DC-Decoder/Decoder-Buzz/2012/1205/New-polls-fuel-speculation-about-Hillary-Clinton-in-2016 New polls fuel speculation about Hillary Clinton in 2016 The Christian Science Monitor December 5, 2012 March 7, 2015 Marlantes, Liz From the party's liberal left wing came calls for a more progressive candidate to challenge what was perceived by many within this segment as the party's establishment.https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/189919-left-wants-challenger-for-hillary/ Left wants challenger for Hillary Clinton The Hill November 12, 2013 March 10, 2015 Bolton, Alexander Elizabeth Warren quickly became a highly touted figure within this movement as well as the object of a draft movement to run in the primaries,https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/30/us/politics/warren-is-now-the-hot-ticket-on-the-far-left.html Populist Left Makes Warren Its Hot Ticket The New York Times September 29, 2013 March 10, 2015 Martin, Jonathan despite her repeated denials of interest in doing so.https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/12/04/elizabeth-warren-president_n_4386457.html Elizabeth Warren: I'm Not Running For President Associated Press The Huffington Post March 10, 2015 December 4, 2013 The MoveOn.org campaign 'Run Warren Run' announced that it would disband on June 8, 2015, opting to focus its efforts toward progressive issues.Campaign To Draft Elizabeth Warren For President Comes To A Halt https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/06/02/elizabeth-warren-run-warren-run_n_7489602.html The Huffington Post Stein Sam June 6, 2015 June 5, 2015 The draft campaign's New Hampshire staffer, Kurt Ehrenberg, had joined Sanders' team and most of the remaining staffers were expected to follow suit.Sanders Eyes Run Warren Run's Network in Iowa https://time.com/3906635/bernie-sanders-elizabeth-warren/ Time Frizell Sam June 3, 2015 June 5, 2015 Given the historical tendency for sitting vice presidents to seek the presidency in election cycles in which the incumbent president is not a candidate, there was also considerable speculation regarding a potential presidential run by incumbent Vice President Joe Biden,https://www.npr.org/blogs/politicaljunkie/2013/05/07/181338426/joe-biden-has-history-on-his-side-but-little-else-if-hillary-clinton-runs Joe Biden Has History On His Side But Little Else If Hillary Clinton Runs NPR May 7, 2013 March 10, 2015 Ken Rudin Rudin, Kenhttps://www.huffingtonpost.com/jonathan-hobratsch/when-vice-presidents-run_b_4922047.html When Vice Presidents Run for President The Huffington Post March 17, 2014 March 10, 2015 Hobratsch, Jonathan who had previously campaigned for the Democratic presidential nomination in the election cycles of 1988 and 2008.https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2013/01/21/biden-politics-inauguration-2016/1853155/ Will Joe Biden run for president in 2016? USA Today January 22, 2013 March 10, 2015 Gaudiano, Nicole This speculation was further fueled by Biden's own expressions of interest in a possible run in 2016.https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2013/05/02/445fa480-b278-11e2-9a98-4be1688d7d84_story.html Biden ponders a 2016 bid, but a promotion to the top job seems to be a long shot The Washington Post May 2, 2013 March 10, 2015 Rucker, Philip However, on October 21, 2015, speaking from a podium in the Rose Garden with his wife and President Obama by his side, Biden announced his decision not to enter the race, as he was still dealing with the loss of his elder son, Beau, who died months earlier at the age of 46. Biden became the nominee for the Democratic Party four years later in the 2020 presidential election where he became the 46th President of the United States after defeating incumbent president Donald Trump in the general election.Mason, Jeff http://www.aol.com/article/2015/10/21/biden-announces-hes-not-running-for-president/21252056/?icid=maing-grid7%7Chtmlws-main-bb%7Cdl1%7Csec1_lnk3%26pLid%3D36905727 Biden says he will not seek 2016 Democratic nomination AOL October 21, 2015 October 21, 2015Joe Biden Is Not Running For President In 2016 https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/joe-biden-president-2016_55f1cefbe4b093be51be0d69 The Huffington Post Reilly Molly October 22, 2015 October 21, 2015Joe Biden Decides Not to Enter Presidential Race https://www.wsj.com/articles/joe-biden-decides-not-to-enter-presidential-race-1445444657 The Wall Street Journal Colleen McCain Nelson, Peter Nicholas October 21, 2015 October 21, 2015 thumb|220px|Senator Bernie Sanders during a rally, July 2015 On May 26, 2015, Sanders officially announced his run as a presidential candidate for the Democratic nomination, after an informal announcement on April 30 and speculation since early 2014.Bernie Sanders formally launches run for president with attack on 'grotesque' level of inequality https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/may/26/bernie-sanders-launches-presidential-campaign The Guardian Jacobs Ben May 27, 2015 June 5, 2015https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/30/us/politics/bernie-sanders-campaign-for-president.html Bernie Sanders, Long-Serving Independent, Enters Presidential Race as a Democrat Rappeport Alan May 1, 2015 The New York Timeshttps://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2014/09/senator-bernie-sanders-may-run-in-2016.html Senator Bernie Sanders May Run in 2016 – NYMag Hartmann Margaret September 14, 2014 Daily Intelligencer Sanders had previously served as Mayor of Burlington, Vermont (1981–89), Vermont's sole U.S. Representative (1991–2007) and Vermont's junior Senator (2007–present).https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/21/magazine/21Sanders.t.html The Socialist Senator January 21, 2007 Leibovich Mark The New York Times He emerged as the biggest rival to Hillary Clinton in the Democratic primaries, backed by a strong grassroots campaign and a social media following.Challenging Hillary Clinton, Bernie Sanders Gains Momentum in Iowa https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/01/us/politics/challenging-hillary-clinton-bernie-sanders-gains-momentum-in-iowa.html The New York Times Trip Gabriel, Patrick Healy May 31, 2015 June 5, 2015 In November 2014, Jim Webb, a former U.S. Senator who had once served as the U.S. Secretary of the Navy during the Reagan administration, announced the formation of an exploratory committee in preparation for a possible run for the Democratic presidential nomination.https://www.latimes.com/nation/politics/politicsnow/la-pn-jim-webb-exploratory-committee-20141120-story.html Long shot Jim Webb launches exploratory committee for presidential bid Los Angeles Times Lee, Kurtis November 20, 2014 November 20, 2014 This made Webb the first major potential candidate to take a formal action toward seeking the party's 2016 nomination. In June 2015, Lincoln Chafee, former Governor and Senator of Rhode Island, announced his campaign. Chafee had been a Republican while serving in the senate, and an Independent while serving as Governor. He formed an exploratory committee on April 3.2015-05-29 Lincoln Chafee to announce presidential run on June 3 https://www.politico.com/story/2015/05/lincoln-chafee-2016-presidential-run-118415 2024-02-19 POLITICO en Chafee endorsed Barack Obama in 2008 and served as co-chair of his re-election campaign in 2012.Merica, Dan April 9, 2015 Lincoln Chafee launches 2016 exploratory committee, goes after Clinton on Iraq http://www.cnn.com/2015/04/09/politics/lincoln-chafee-2016-presidential-plans/ June 3, 2015 CNN.com Martin O'Malley, former Governor of Maryland as well as a former Mayor of Baltimore, made formal steps toward a campaign for the party's nomination in January 2015 with the hiring and retaining of personnel who had served the previous year as political operatives in Iowa – the first presidential nominating state in the primary elections cycle – as staff for his political action committee (PAC). O'Malley had started the "O' Say Can You See" PAC in 2012 which had, prior to 2015, functioned primarily as fundraising vehicles for various Democratic candidates, as well as for two 2014 ballot measures in Maryland.https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/maryland-politics/post/omalley-launches-federal-pac-as-national-profile-rises/2012/07/26/gJQADPR6AX_blog.html O'Malley launches federal PAC as national profile rises The Washington Post July 26, 2012 March 11, 2015 Wagner, John With the 2015 staffing moves, the PAC ostensibly became a vehicle for O'Malley – who had for several months openly contemplated a presidential bid – to lay the groundwork for a potential campaign for the party's presidential nomination.https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/md-politics/omalley-with-eye-on-2016-retains-two-political-operatives-with-iowa-experience/2015/01/27/43df6060-a63f-11e4-a7c2-03d37af98440_story.html O'Malley, with eye on 2016, retains two political operatives with Iowa experience The Washington Post January 27, 2015 March 11, 2015 Wagner, John In August 2015, Lawrence Lessig unexpectedly announced his intention to enter the race, promising to run if his exploratory committee raised $1 million by Labor Day.https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/harvard-professor-hits-dollar1m-benchmark-for-white-house-bid/ar-AAe0WvJ?ocid=ansmsnnews11 Harvard Professor Hits Million Dollar Benchmark for White House Bid Associated Press September 6, 2015http://www.nationaljournal.com/2016-elections/lawrence-lessig-running-for-president-20150811 Why Exactly Is Lawrence Lessig Considering Running for President? National Journal August 11, 2015 August 11, 2015 Foran, Clare After accomplishing this, Lessig formally announced his campaign.Walker Hayley Harvard Professor Larry Lessig Says He's Running for President https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/harvard-professor-larry-lessig-running-president/story?id=33568066 September 6, 2015 ABC News September 6, 2015 He described his candidacy as a referendum on electoral reform legislation, prioritizing a single issue: the Citizen Equality Act of 2017, a proposal that couples campaign finance reform with other laws aimed at curbing gerrymandering and ensuring voting access.http://www.cnn.com/2015/08/11/politics/larry-lessig-presidential-campaign-exploration/index.html Harvard professor Lawrence Lessig is exploring a long shot presidential bid CNN August 11, 2015 August 11, 2015 Merica, Danhttps://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/10/referendum-presidency-larry-lessig/411013/ Larry Lessig Isn't Giving Up On His Presidential Campaign The Atlantic Lessig Lawrence October 17, 2015 December 5, 2015 Overview Nominee Ended campaigns Iowa Caucuses Super Tuesday D.C. Primary Convention 2016 width:875 height:auto barincrement:22 PlotArea = top:20 bottom:20 right:20 left:20 AlignBars = early Colors = id:canvas value:gray(0.9) id:lightline value:gray(0.8) id:darkline value:gray(0.3) id:HC value:rgb(0.094,0.250,0.800) #Hillary Clinton id:MO value:oceanblue #Martin O'Malley id:BS value:oceanblue #Bernie Sanders id:JW value:oceanblue #Jim Webb id:LC value:oceanblue #Lincoln Chafee id:LL value:oceanblue #Lawrence Lessig Link to more colors: http://ploticus.sourceforge.net/doc/color.html Define $today = DateFormat = mm/dd/yyyy Period = from:01/01/2015 till:09/01/2016 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightline unit:month increment:1 start:01/01/2015 ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkline unit:year increment:1 start:01/01/2015 Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas BarData = barset:Candidates PlotData= width:15 fontsize:S textcolor:black anchor:till shift:(10,-4) barset:Candidates from:04/12/2015 till:07/26/2016 color:HC text: "Clinton" from:04/30/2015 till:07/26/2016 color:BS text: "Sanders" from:05/30/2015 till:02/01/2016 color:MO text: "O'Malley" from:09/06/2015 till:11/02/2015 color:LL text: "Lessig" from:06/03/2015 till:10/23/2015 color:LC text: "Chafee" from:07/02/2015 till:10/20/2015 color:JW text: "Webb" LineData= layer:front at:02/01/2016 color:teal width:1 layer:front at:03/01/2016 color:red width:1 layer:front at:06/14/2016 color:orange width:1 layer:front at:07/25/2016 color:darkblue width:1 February 2016: early primaries Despite being heavily favored in polls issued weeks earlier, Clinton was only able to defeat Sanders in the first-in-the-nation Iowa Caucus by the closest margin in the history of the contest: 49.84% to 49.59%. Clinton collected 700.47 state delegate equivalents to Sanders' 696.92, a difference of one-quarter of a percentage point.http://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/2016/president/ia/iowa_democratic_presidential_caucus-3195.html Election 2016 – Iowa Democratic Presidential Caucus RealClearPolitics March 28, 2016 This led to speculation that she won due to six coin-toss tiebreakers all resulting in her favor. However, the only challenge to the caucus' results was in a single precinct, which gave Clinton a fifth delegate.Montanaro Domenico Coin-Toss Fact-Check: No, Coin Flips Did Not Win Iowa For Hillary Clinton https://www.npr.org/2016/02/02/465268206/coin-toss-fact-check-no-coin-flips-did-not-win-iowa-for-hillary-clinton npr.org National Public Radio, Inc. 18 August 2019 Date State/territory Clinton Sanders February 1 Iowa49.8% 49.6% February 9 New Hampshire 37.7%60.1% February 20 Nevada52.6% 47.3% February 27 South Carolina 73.4% 26.0% The victory, which was projected to award her 23 pledged national convention delegates, two more than Sanders, made Clinton the first woman to win the Caucus and marked a clear difference from 2008, where she finished in third place behind Obama and John Edwards. http://whotv.com/2016/02/02/hillary-clinton-narrowly-defeats-bernie-sanders-in-iowa-democratic-caucuses/ All Precincts Reported: Clinton Defeats Sanders By Historically Small Margin WHO-TV Des Moines, Iowa Hepker Aaron February 2, 2016 March 16, 2016 March 17, 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20180317205502/http://whotv.com/2016/02/02/hillary-clinton-narrowly-defeats-bernie-sanders-in-iowa-democratic-caucuses/ dead http://www.advocate.com/election/2016/2/02/and-winner-iowa-caucus-hillary-clinton-barely And the Winner of the Iowa Caucus Is: Hillary Clinton (Barely) Ennis Dawn February 2, 2016 The Advocate 0001-8996 https://www.nytimes.com/elections/results/iowa The New York Times February 27, 2016 February 28, 2016 Iowa Caucus Results https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/primaries/IA Iowa Caucus 2016: Election Results NBC News February 2, 2016 Martin O'Malley suspendedsuspend his campaign after a disappointing third-place finish with only 0.5% of the state delegate equivalents awarded, leaving Clinton and Sanders the only two major candidates in the race.Taylor, Jessica Martin O'Malley Ends Presidential Bid https://www.npr.org/2016/02/01/465224058/martin-omalley-ends-presidential-bid NPR February 1, 2016 February 1, 2016 A week later, Sanders won the New Hampshire primary, receiving 60.1% of the popular vote to Clinton's 37.7%, putting him ahead of Clinton in the overall pledged delegate count by four, and making him the first Jewish candidate of a major party to win a primary.http://www.cnn.com/2016/02/04/politics/bernie-sanders-jewish-new-hampshire-primary/index.html Sanders 1st Jewish candidate to win presidential primary Gregory Krieg CNN February 10, 2016 June 10, 2016Maggie Haberman New Hampshire Primary: Results and Analysis https://www.nytimes.com/live/new-hampshire-primary-2016-election/ February 10, 2016 The New York Times February 10, 2016https://www.nytimes.com/elections/results/new-hampshire The New York Times February 27, 2016 February 28, 2016 New Hampshire Primary Results Hillary Clinton's loss in New Hampshire was a regression from 2008, when she defeated Obama, Edwards, and a handful of other candidates including Joe Biden, with 39% of the popular vote.http://www.nationalreview.com/article/431204/new-hampshire-primary-leaves-republicans-looking-better-general New Hampshire Primary – Republicans Looking Better for General Barone, Michael February 12, 2016 National Review March 28, 2016 thumb|210px|Bernie Sanders speaks in Littleton, New Hampshire. Sanders' narrow loss in Iowa and victory in New Hampshire generated speculation about a possible loss for Clinton in Nevada, the next state to hold its caucuses on February 20.https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/right-turn/wp/2016/02/19/what-if-hillary-clinton-loses-in-nevada/ The Washington Post February 19, 2016 March 28, 2016 Rubin Jennifer What if Hillary Clinton Loses in Nevada?https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/02/12/why-hillary-clinton-should-be-worried-about-nevada/ The Washington Post February 12, 2016 March 28, 2016 Cilizza Chris Why Hillary Clinton should be worried about Nevada For her part, Clinton, who had won the state eight years prior, hoped that a victory would allay concerns about a possible repetition of 2008 when she ultimately lost to Obama despite entering the primary season as the favorite for the nomination.https://www.latimes.com/nation/politics/la-na-0206-clinton-new-hampshire-primary-20160205-story.html Los Angeles Times February 5, 2016 March 28, 2016 With New Hampshire primary nigh, Hillary Clinton shifts focus to Nevada caucuses and beyond Evan Halper, Michael A. Memoli Ultimately, Clinton emerged victorious with 52.6% of the county delegates, a margin of victory similar to her performance in 2008.https://www.nytimes.com/elections/results/nevada The New York Times February 27, 2016 February 28, 2016 Nevada Caucus Results Sanders, who attained 47.3% of the vote, was projected to receive five fewer pledged delegates than Clinton. The result was not promising for the following weekend's primary in South Carolina, more demographically favorable to Clinton than the prior contests. On February 27, Clinton won the South Carolina primary with 73.4% of the vote, receiving a larger percentage of the African American vote than Barack Obama had eight years earlier – 90% to Obama's 80%. https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/live-south-carolina-democratic-primary-exit-poll-analysis/story?id=37241467 Black Voters Boost Hillary Clinton to South Carolina Primary Win Gary Langer Gregory Holyk Chad Kiewiet De Jonge ABC News March 18, 2016 March 1, 2016: Super Tuesday +Super Tuesday State/territory Clinton Sanders Alabama77.8% 19.2% American Samoa68.4% 25.7% Arkansas66.1% 30.0% Colorado 40.3%59.0% Georgia71.3% 28.2% Massachusetts49.7% 48.3% Minnesota 38.4%61.6% Oklahoma 41.5%51.9% Tennessee66.1% 32.5% Texas65.2% 33.2% Vermont 13.6%85.7% Virginia64.3% 35.2% thumb|220px|left|Hillary Clinton during a rally in March 2016 The 2016 primary schedule was significantly different from that of 2008. During that election cycle, many states moved their primaries or caucuses to earlier in the calendar to have greater influence over the race. In 2008, February 5 was the earliest date allowed by the Democratic National Committee, leading 23 states and territories to move their elections to that date, the biggest Super Tuesday to ever take place. For 2016, the calendar was more disparate than it was in 2008, with several groups of states voting on different dates, the most important being March 1, March 15, April 26 and June 7. The day with the most contests was March 1, 2016, in which primaries or caucuses were held in 11 states, including six in the American south, and American Samoa. A total of 865 pledged delegates were at stake. Clinton secured victories in all of the southern contests except Oklahoma. Her biggest victory of the day came in Alabama, where she won 77.8% of the vote against Sanders' 19.2%. Her most significant delegate prize came from Texas, where she received 65.2% of the vote with strong support from non-white as well as white voters. Collectively, the southern states gave Clinton a net gain of 165 pledged delegates.https://www.nytimes.com/elections/2016/results/2016-03-01 Super Tuesday Results 2016 The New York Times March 14, 2016 April 6, 2016 Apart from the South, Clinton also narrowly defeated Sanders in Massachusetts, as well as winning in the territory of American Samoa.https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/hillary-clinton-hauls-delegates-bernie-sanders-expense-super-tuesday-n529941 Super Tuesday: Hillary Clinton Hauls in Delegates But Bernie Sanders Fights On Seitz-Wald, Alex NBC News March 2, 2016 March 28, 2016 Sanders scored comfortable wins in the Minnesota and Colorado caucuses and the Oklahoma primary. He won an 85.7%–13.6% landslide in his home state of Vermont – one of only two times either of the two main candidates missed the 15% threshold in a state or territory, with the U.S. Virgin Islands, where Clinton received over 87% of the vote, being the other one. Although the results overall were unfavorable for Sanders, his four wins and narrow loss allowed him to remain in the race in anticipation of more favorable territory in New England, the Great Plains, Mountain States and the Pacific Northwest. At the end of the day, Clinton collected 518 pledged delegates to Sanders' 347, taking her lead to 609–412, a difference of 197 pledged delegates.https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/hillary-clintons-got-this/ https://web.archive.org/web/20160302171536/https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/hillary-clintons-got-this/ dead March 2, 2016 Hillary Clinton's Got This FiveThirtyEight Enten Harry March 2, 2016 March 28, 2016 Mid-March contests +Mid-March contests State/territory Clinton Sanders Florida64.4% 33.3% Illinois50.6% 48.6% Kansas 32.3%67.7% Louisiana71.1% 23.2% Maine 35.5%64.3% Michigan 48.3%49.7% Mississippi82.5% 16.6% Missouri49.6% 49.4% Nebraska 42.9%57.1% North Carolina54.5% 40.9% N. Mariana Islands54.0% 34.4% Ohio56.1% 43.1% thumb|220px|left|Hillary Clinton speaks in Phoenix, Arizona, in March 2016. thumb|220px|left|Bill Clinton campaigning for his wife in March 2016 Sanders found more hospitable ground on the weekend of March 5, 2016, winning caucuses in Kansas, Maine and Nebraska by significant margins. Clinton answered with an even larger win in Louisiana's primary, limiting Sanders' net gain for the weekend to only four delegates. Clinton would also win the Northern Mariana Islands caucus, held the following weekend on March 12. Two states had held nominating contests on March 8 – Michigan and Mississippi – with Clinton heavily favored to win both.http://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/election-2016/primary-forecast/michigan-democratic/ https://web.archive.org/web/20160212025307/http://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/election-2016/primary-forecast/michigan-democratic/ dead February 12, 2016 2016 Primary Forecasts: Michigan Democratic primary FiveThirtyEight January 12, 2016 March 29, 2016http://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/election-2016/primary-forecast/mississippi-democratic/ https://web.archive.org/web/20160305211723/http://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/election-2016/primary-forecast/mississippi-democratic/ dead March 5, 2016 2016 Primary Forecasts: Mississippi Democratic primary FiveThirtyEight January 12, 2016 March 29, 2016 Mississippi went for Clinton, as expected, by a landslide margin. The Mississippi primary was the highest vote share Clinton won in any state. However, Sanders stunned by scoring a narrow win in Michigan.https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2016/03/09/456e780e-e53a-11e5-b0fd-073d5930a7b7_story.html Sanders wins surprise, narrow victory in Michigan The Washington Post John Wagner Anne Gearan Abby Phillip March 9, 2016 March 29, 2016 Analysts floated a number of theories to explain the failure of the Michigan polling, with most centering on pollsters' erroneous assumptions about the composition of the electorate stemming from the 2008 primary in Michigan not having been contested due to an impasse between the state party and DNC.https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/03/09/why-were-the-polls-in-michigan-so-far-off/ Why were the polls in Michigan so wrong? The Washington Post Bump Phillip March 9, 2016 March 29, 2016https://www.npr.org/2016/03/09/469837001/why-did-the-polls-fail-to-predict-sanders-win-in-michigan Why Did The Polls Fail To Predict Sanders' Win In Michigan? Kelly McEvers Harry Enten NPR March 9, 2016 March 29, 2016https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/why-the-polls-missed-bernie-sanders-michigan-upset/ https://web.archive.org/web/20160310101043/http://fivethirtyeight.com/features/why-the-polls-missed-bernie-sanders-michigan-upset/ dead March 10, 2016 Why The Polls Missed Bernie Sanders's Michigan Upset FiveThirtyEight Bialik Carl March 9, 2016 March 29, 2016 Although Clinton expanded her delegate lead, some journalists suggested Sanders' upset might presage her defeat in other delegate-rich Midwestern states,https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-democrat-primaries-analysis-20160309-story.html Bernie Sanders surprises Hillary Clinton in Michigan. Is Ohio next? March 9, 2016 Los Angeles Times Decker Cathleen March 29, 2016 such as Missouri, Ohio and Illinois, who voted a week later on March 15, along with North Carolina and Florida, where Clinton was more clearly favored.http://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/election-2016/primary-forecast/north-carolina-democratic/ https://web.archive.org/web/20160123211918/http://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/election-2016/primary-forecast/north-carolina-democratic/ dead January 23, 2016 2016 Primary Forecasts: North Carolina Democratic primary FiveThirtyEight January 12, 2016 March 29, 2016http://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/election-2016/primary-forecast/florida-democratic/ https://archive.today/20160315152647/http://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/election-2016/primary-forecast/florida-democratic/ dead March 15, 2016 2016 Primary Forecasts: Florida Democratic primary FiveThirtyEight January 12, 2016 March 29, 2016 Clinton was able to sweep all five primaries, extending her pledged delegate lead by around 100 delegates, although Sanders was able to hold Clinton to narrow margins in her birth-state of Illinois and especially Missouri, where Clinton won by a mere 0.2 points.https://www.nytimes.com/elections/2016/results/2016-03-15 March 15 Primary Results 2016 The New York Times Associated Press March 22, 2016 April 6, 2016 Missouri state law allowed for a possible recount had any of the candidates requested it; however, Sanders forwent the opportunity on the basis that it would not significantly affect the delegate allocation.https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/18/us/politics/missouri-primary-results.html Bernie Sanders Says He Won't Seek Recount in Missouri March 18, 2016 The New York Times March 28, 2016https://www.washingtonpost.com/2016-election-results/missouri/ Missouri Election Results 2016 The Washington Post March 28, 2016 By the end of the evening, Clinton had expanded her pledged delegate lead to more than 320, several times larger than her greatest deficit in the 2008 primary.February 2020 Late March and early April +Late March / Early April contests State/territory Clinton Sanders Alaska 20.2%79.6% Arizona56.3% 41.4% Democrats Abroad 30.9%68.9% Hawaii 30.0%69.8% Idaho 21.2%78.0% Utah 20.3%79.3% Washington 27.1%72.7% Wisconsin 43.1%56.6% Wyoming 44.3%55.7% Following the March 15 primaries, the race moved to a series of contests more favorable for Sanders. On March 21, the results of the Democrats Abroad primary (held March 1–8) were announced. Sanders was victorious and picked up nine delegates to Clinton's four, closing his delegate deficit by five.https://edition.cnn.com/2016/03/21/politics/bernie-sanders-wins-democrats-abroad/index.html Bernie Sanders wins Democrats Abroad primary Yoon, Robert March 21, 2016 CNN March 28, 2016 Arizona, Idaho and Utah held primaries on March 22, dubbed "Western Tuesday" by media.https://edition.cnn.com/2016/03/23/politics/primary-election-2016-takeaways/ Primary election results: 5 takeaways from Western Tuesday Bradner, Eric March 23, 2016 CNN March 28, 2016 Despite continued efforts by Sanders to close the gap in Arizona after his surprise win in Michigan, Clinton won the primary with 56.3% of the vote.https://www.politico.com/story/2016/03/hillary-clinton-bernie-sanders-arizona-utah-idaho-221100 Clinton cruises in Arizona, Sanders takes Utah and Idaho Politico Gass Nick March 22, 2016 March 28, 2016 However, Clinton lost both Idaho and Utah by roughly 60 points, allowing Sanders to close his delegate deficit by 25.http://www.slate.com/blogs/the_slatest/2016/03/22/hillary_clinton_and_bernie_sanders_square_off_in_arizona_idaho_and_utah.html Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders square off in Arizona, Idaho, and Utah Slate Hannon Elliot March 23, 2016 March 28, 2016https://www.nytimes.com/elections/2016/results/2016-03-22 March 22 Primary Results 2016 The New York Times March 29, 2016 April 6, 2016 thumb|220px|left|Sanders speaks in Seattle, Washington, March 2016. The next states to vote were Alaska, Hawaii and Washington on March 26, 2016.https://www.politico.com/story/2016/03/bernie-sanders-hillary-clinton-alaska-hawaii-washington-221239 Can Sanders sweep Clinton in today's contests? Politico Strauss Daniel March 26, 2016 March 28, 2016 All three states were considered as favorable for Sanders, and most political analysts expected him to win them all, given the demographics and Sanders' strong performance in previous caucuses. Sanders finished the day with a net gain of roughly 66 delegates over Clinton. His largest win was in Alaska, where he defeated Clinton with 79.6% of the vote, although the majority of his delegate gain came from the considerably more populous state of Washington, which he won by a 45.6% margin, outperforming then-Senator Obama's 2008 results, when he defeated Clinton 68%–31%.https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-system-isnt-rigged-against-sanders/ https://web.archive.org/web/20160527032849/https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-system-isnt-rigged-against-sanders/ dead May 27, 2016 The System Isn't 'Rigged" Against Sanders FiveThirtyEight Harry Enten, Nate Silver March 26, 2016 February 22, 2020http://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2016/03/27/cnns_jake_tapper_bernie_sanders_outperforming_obama_in_washington_state.html Bernie Sanders "Outperforming Obama" In Washington State Real Clear Politics Hains Tim March 27, 2016 April 8, 2016 The Clinton and Sanders campaigns reached an agreement on April 4 for a ninth debate to take place on April 14 (five days before the New York primary) in Brooklyn, New York, which would air on CNN and NY1.https://www.democrats.org/more/the-2016-primary-debate-schedule NYC debate info Democrats.org April 7, 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160413030351/http://www.democrats.org/more/the-2016-primary-debate-schedule April 13, 2016 dead On April 5, Sanders won the Wisconsin primary by 13 and 1/2 percentage points, closing his delegate deficit by 10 more. The Wyoming caucuses were held on April 9, which Sanders won with 55.7% of the state convention delegates choosing him; however, Clinton had a stronger showing than expected, given her demographic disadvantage and that she did not campaign personally in the state. Each candidate was estimated to have earned 7 of Wyoming's 14 pledged delegates.http://www.thegreenpapers.com/P16/WY-D Wyoming Democrat The Green Papers April 10, 2016 Late April and May +Late April and May State/territory ClintonSanders New York57.5% 41.6% Connecticut51.8% 46.4% Delaware59.8% 39.2% Maryland62.5% 33.8% Pennsylvania55.6% 43.5% Rhode Island 43.1%54.7% Indiana 47.5%52.5% Guam59.5% 40.5% West Virginia 35.8%51.4% Kentucky46.8% 46.3% Oregon 42.1%56.2% thumb|220px|left|Sanders speaks in Brooklyn, New York, April 2016. On April 19, Clinton won her home state of New York by 16 points. While Sanders performed well in Upstate New York and with younger voters, Clinton performed well among all other age groups and non-whites, and she won a majority in all boroughs of New York City.https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/04/19/us/elections/new-york-city-democratic-primary-results.html#11/40.7085/-73.9473 Bloch, Matthew Andrews, Wilson How Every New York City Neighborhood Voted in the Democratic Primary The New York Times April 20, 2016 July 31, 2016 Five Northeastern states held primaries a week later on April 26. The day was dubbed the "Super Tuesday III" or the "Acela Primary" after Amtrak's Acela Express train service that connects these states.http://video.foxnews.com/v/4865138510001/donald-trump-hillary-clinton-win-big-on-super-tuesday-iii/? Donald Trump Hillary Clinton Win Big on Super Tuesday III Fox News April 27, 2016 April 27, 2016 Clinton won in Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania and Connecticut. Sanders won the Rhode Island primary. On May 3, Sanders pulled off a surprise victory in the Indiana primary, winning by a five-point margin despite trailing in all the state's polls.https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/may/03/bernie-sanders-wins-indiana-democratic-primary Bernie Sanders pulls off shock victory over Hillary Clinton in Indiana Roberts Dan Jacobs Ben May 4, 2016 The Guardian May 4, 2016 Clinton won the Guam caucus on May 7https://edition.cnn.com/2016/05/07/politics/hillary-clinton-wins-guam-democratic-caucuses/ Hillary Clinton wins Guam Democratic caucuses Roberts Yoon May 7, 2016 CNN May 7, 2016 and, on May 10, she won the non-binding Nebraska primaryhttp://www.electionresults.sos.ne.gov/resultsSW.aspx?text=Race&type=PRS&map=CTY Election Results Gale John A May 10, 2016 Nebraska Secretary of State June 5, 2016 September 15, 2018 https://web.archive.org/web/20180915193303/http://electionresults.sos.ne.gov/resultsSW.aspx?text=Race&type=PRS&map=CTY dead while Sanders won in West Virginia. Clinton narrowly won Kentucky on May 17 by half a percentage point and gained one delegate, after heavily campaigning in the state. On the same day, Sanders won his second closed primary in Oregon, gaining nine delegates, a net gain of eight on the day. Clinton won the non-binding Washington primary on May 24.http://results.vote.wa.gov/results/current/President-Democratic-Party.html Democratic primary results Wyman Tim May 25, 2016 Washington Secretary of State June 5, 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160608211044/http://results.vote.wa.gov/results/current/President-Democratic-Party.html June 8, 2016 dead mdy-all June contests +June contests State/territory ClintonSanders Virgin Islands87.1% 12.9% Puerto Rico59.7% 37.9% California53.1% 46.0% Montana 44.2%51.6% New Jersey63.3% 36.7% New Mexico51.5% 48.5% North Dakota 25.6%64.2% South Dakota51.0% 49.0% District of Columbia78.0% 20.7% thumb|220px|left|Clinton speaks in Washington, D.C., June 2016. June contained the final contests of the Democratic primaries, and both Sanders and Clinton invested heavily into winning the California primary. Clinton led the polls in California but some predicted a narrow race.https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/first-read/it-s-close-california-clinton-49-sanders-47-n584141 Dem Race Tightens in California as Clinton Barely Leads Sanders 49% to 47%: Poll Mark Murray NBC June 2, 2016 June 8, 2016 On June 4 and 5, Clinton won two decisive victories in the Virgin Islands caucushttp://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/U/US_2016_ELECTION_VIRGIN_ISLANDS?SITE=AP&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT Clinton moves closer to nomination, sweeps in Virgin Islands Hope Yen Associated Press June 5, 2016 June 5, 2016 and Puerto Rico primary.http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/U/US_2016_ELECTION_RDP?SITE=AP&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT&CTIME=2016-06-06-01-47-21 Clinton wins Puerto Rico's primary Dania Coto Lisa Lerer Associated Press June 5, 2016 June 5, 2016 On June 6, both the Associated Press and NBC News reported that Clinton had sufficient support from pledged and unpledged delegates to become the presumptive Democratic nominee.https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-election-clinton-idUSKCN0YS0Y4 Clinton clinches Democratic presidential nomination: AP and NBC James Oliphant Reuters June 6, 2016 June 6, 2016 Clinton's campaign seemed reluctant to accept the mantle of "presumptive nominee" before all the voting was concluded,https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-trailguide-clinton-campaign-tuesday-is-the-real-1465261823-htmlstory.html Hillary Clinton's immediate response to AP: Tuesday is the real clinching moment Memoli, Michael A. Los Angeles Times June 7, 2016 while Sanders' campaign stated it would continue to run and accused the media of a "rush to judgement."https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/sanders-blames-media-s-rush-judgment-clinton-hits-delegate-majority-n586891 Sanders Blames Media's 'Rush to Judgment' as Clinton Hits Delegate Majority NBC News Dann, Carrie June 6, 2016 June 7, 2016 Six states held their primaries on June 7. Clinton won in California, New Jersey, New Mexico and South Dakota. Sanders won Montana and North Dakota, the latter being the only caucus contest held on that day.Healy Patrick Martin Jonathan Hillary Clinton Wins California, Bolstering Claim to Nomination https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/08/us/politics/hillary-clinton-bernie-sanders-primary.html June 8, 2016 The New York Times June 7, 2016 Clinton finally declared victory on the evening of June 7, as the results ensured that she had won a majority of the pledged delegates and the popular vote. Sanders stated he would continue to run for the Democratic Party's nomination in the final primary in the District of Columbia on June 14,http://www.people.com/article/bernie-sanders-will-help-hillary-clinton-defeat-trump Bernie Sanders Will Fight One Last Primary But Pledges to Work With Hillary Clinton to Avert 'Disaster' of a President Trump People Westfall Sandra Sobieraj June 10, 2016 which Clinton won. Both campaigns met at a downtown Washington D.C. hotel after the primary.http://www.cnn.com/2016/06/14/politics/district-of-columbia-primary-results/index.html Clinton, Sanders meet; Clinton wins D.C. primary Theodore Schleifer Jeff Zeleny CNN June 14, 2016 June 17, 2016 The Sanders campaign said that they would release a video statement on June 16 to clarify the future of Sanders' campaign; the video announced that Sanders looked forward to help Clinton defeat Trump.https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2016/06/16/bernie-sanders-livestream-supporters/86003384/ Bernie Sanders says Democrats' top task is defeating Donald Trump Gaudiano, Nicole USA Today June 16, 2016 August 1, 2016 On July 12, 2016, Sanders endorsed Clinton in Portsmouth, New Hampshire.http://www.wptz.com/news/clinton-sanders-to-appear-together-at-portsmouth-campaign-event/40468058 Sen. Bernie Sanders ends bid, endorses Hillary Clinton for president Evans, Brad Ledbetter, Stewart WPTZ July 13, 2016 August 1, 2016 July 2016: National Convention and email leaks Email leaks Democratic National Committee cyber attacks 2016 Democratic National Committee email leak On July 22, 2016, WikiLeaks released online tens of thousands of messages leaked from the e-mail accounts of seven key DNC staff.Here are the latest, most damaging things in the DNC's leaked emails https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/07/24/here-are-the-latest-most-damaging-things-in-the-dncs-leaked-emails/ The Washington Post 25 July 2016 Some e-mails showed two DNC staffers discussing the possibility that Sanders' possible atheism might harm him in a general election with religious voters. Others showed a few staffers had expressed personal preferences that Clinton should become the nominee, suggesting that the party's leadership had worked to undermine Bernie Sanders' presidential campaign. Then-DNC chair Debbie Wasserman Schultz called the accusations lies. The furor raised over this matter escalated to Wasserman Schultz's resignation ahead of the convention,Debbie Wasserman Schultz to Resign D.N.C. Post https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/25/us/politics/debbie-wasserman-schultz-dnc-wikileaks-emails.html?_r=1 The New York Times 24 July 2016 and that of Marshals, Dacey, and Communications Director Luis Miranda afterwards.DNC CEO resigns in wake of email controversy https://edition.cnn.com/2016/08/02/politics/dnc-ceo-resigns-in-wake-of-email-scandal/index.html CNN 25 July 2016 Following Wasserman Schultz's resignation, then-DNC Vice Chair Donna Brazile took over as interim DNC chairwoman for the convention and remained so until February 2017.https://www.politico.com/story/2017/02/perez-elected-dnc-chairman-235392 Perez elected DNC chairman Debenedetti Gabriel February 25, 2017 Politico March 2, 2018 In November 2017, Brazile said in her book and related interviews that the Clinton campaign and the DNC had colluded 'unethically' by giving the Clinton campaign control over the DNC's personnel and press releases before the primary in return for funding to eliminate the DNC's remaining debt from 2012 campaign, in addition to using the DNC and state committees to funnel campaign-limitation-exceeding donations to her campaign.https://www.politico.com/story/2016/04/clinton-fundraising-leaves-little-for-state-parties-222670 Clinton fundraising leaves little for state parties Politico November 9, 2018 Internal memos later surfaced, claiming that these measures were not meant to affect the nominating process despite their timing.https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/memo-reveals-details-hillary-clinton-dnc-deal-n817411 Memo Reveals Details of Hillary Clinton-DNC Deal Seitz-Wald Alex November 3, 2017 NBC News March 2, 2018 At the end of June 2016, it was claimed that "more money [from the Hillary Victory Fund] will be moved to the state parties in the coming months."https://www.politico.com/story/2016/07/dnc-leak-clinton-team-deflected-state-cash-concerns-226191 DNC sought to hide details of Clinton funding deal Vogel Kenneth P. Arnsdorf Isaac July 26, 2016 Politico February 21, 2019 Brazile later clarified that she claimed the process was 'unethical', but 'not a criminal act'.https://www.politico.com/story/2017/11/05/donna-brazile-rigged-democrats-clinton-sanders-244566 Brazile: I found 'no evidence' Democratic primary was rigged Lima Cristiano November 5, 2017 Politico March 2, 2018 DNC officials including chairman Tom Perez pointed out that the same joint-fundraising agreement had been offered to Sanders and applied only to the general election; however, the Clinton campaign also had a second agreement that granted it additional, unusual oversight over hiring and policy, even though the text of the agreement insisted on the DNC's impartiality and focus on the general election.https://www.npr.org/2017/11/03/561976645/clinton-campaign-had-additional-signed-agreement-with-dnc-in-2015 Clinton Campaign Had Additional Signed Agreement With DNC In 2015 Detrow Scott NPR November 3, 2017 June 2, 2019 Brazile later denied that the primary was rigged, because "no votes were overturned," but described herself as "very upset" about a DNC–Clinton fundraising agreement.Shelbourne, Mallory (November 14, 2017). "Brazile: Dem primary was not rigged because no votes were overturned". The Hill. Retrieved February 21, 2019. The Washington Post characterized Brazile's eventual argument as: "Clinton exerted too much power but did win the nomination fairly."https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2017/11/08/donna-brazile-is-walking-back-her-claim-that-the-democratic-primary-was-rigged Donna Brazile is walking back her claim that the Democratic primary was 'rigged' Borchers Callum November 8, 2017 The Washington Post June 2, 2019 Russian involvement After the general election, the U.S. intelligence community and the Special Counsel investigation assessed that the leaks were part of a larger interference campaign by the Russian government to cause political instability in the United States and to damage the Hillary Clinton campaign by bolstering the candidacies of Donald Trump, Bernie Sanders, and Jill Stein.https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/16/us/politics/russia-mueller-election.html Inside a 3-Year Russian Campaign to Influence U.S. Voters Shane Scott Mazzetti Mark February 16, 2018 The New York Times May 16, 2018 en-US 0362-4331https://www.dni.gov/files/documents/ICA_2017_01.pdf Assessing Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent US Elections January 6, 2017 Office of the Director of National Intelligence May 16, 2017 June 26, 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170626172540/https://www.dni.gov/files/documents/ICA_2017_01.pdf dead Entous Adam Nakashima Ellen Miller Greg Secret CIA assessment says Russia was trying to help Trump win White House https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/obama-orders-review-of-russian-hacking-during-presidential-campaign/2016/12/09/31d6b300-be2a-11e6-94ac-3d324840106c_story.html 11 July 2018 The Washington Post 9 December 2016Collins Michael Indictment: Russians also tried to help Bernie Sanders, Jill Stein presidential campaigns https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/02/17/indictment-russians-also-tried-help-bernie-sanders-jill-stein-presidential-campaigns/348051002/ July 11, 2018 USA Today February 17, 2018 The Russian government is alleged to have promoted Sanders beginning in 2015 as a way to weaken or defeat Clinton, who Russian President Vladimir Putin opposed. The influence campaign by the Internet Research Agency targeted Sanders voters through social media and encouraged them to vote for a third-party candidate or abstain from voting. Sanders denounced these efforts and urged his supporters to support Clinton in the general election.Kranish Michael Inside the Russian effort to target Sanders supporters — and help elect Trump https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/inside-the-russian-effort-to-target-sanders-supporters--and-help-elect-trump/2019/04/11/741d7308-5576-11e9-8ef3-fbd41a2ce4d5_story.html 16 April 2019 The Washington Post 12 April 2019 When news of the DNC leak first surfaced in June 2016, the Russian government denied allegations of hacking.https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/06/15/russias-unusual-response-to-charges-it-hacked-research-on-trump/ Russia denies DNC hack and says maybe someone 'forgot the password' The Washington Post Roth Andrew en 2018-07-12 WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange also stated that the Russian government was not source of the leak.https://www.foxnews.com/politics/wikileaks-founder-assange-on-hacked-podesta-dnc-emails-our-source-is-not-the-russian-government/ Wikileaks founder Assange on hacked Podesta, DNC emails: 'Our source is not the Russian government' 2016-12-16 Fox News July 12, 2018 en-US In July 2018, the special counsel indicted 12 Russian intelligence officers for hacking and leaking the emails.Ward Alex Read: Mueller indictment against 12 Russian spies for DNC hack https://www.vox.com/2018/7/13/17568806/mueller-russia-intelligence-indictment-full-text August 1, 2018 Vox July 13, 2018 National Convention 2016 Democratic National Convention The 2016 Democratic National Convention was held from July 25–28 at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia, with some events at the Pennsylvania Convention Center. The delegates selected the Democratic presidential and vice-presidential nominees and wrote the party platform. A simple majority of 2,383 delegates was needed to win the presidential nomination.https://www.gop.com/official-2016-gop-delegate-count/ RNC's 2016 Presidential Primary Estimated Delegate Count Republican Party April 21, 2016 April 22, 2016 (official source tracking active campaigns + adding delegates won on April 26, pending source update) While most of the delegates were bound on the first ballot according to the results of the primaries, a progressively larger number of pledged delegates would have become unbound if the nomination required more than one ballot.Epstein Reid J. McGill Brian Rust Max Republican Convention's Delegate Math Explained http://graphics.wsj.com/elections/2016/rnc-convention-delegates/ April 27, 2016 The Wall Street Journal April 27, 2016 Clinton was nominated on the first ballot by acclamation, although all states were allowed to announce how they would have voted under a typical roll call vote. On July 12, 2016, the Vermont delegates had supported Clinton in Sanders' request. Asking for party unity, he dropped out on July 26, 2016, and announced he would return to the Senate as an independent.A day after calling for party unity, Bernie Sanders goes back to being an independent Rivero, Daniel http://fusion.net/story/329994/bernie-sanders-independent/ Fusion TV July 26, 2016 July 31, 2016 March 17, 2017 https://web.archive.org/web/20170317141211/http://fusion.net/story/329994/bernie-sanders-independent/ dead Graphical summary of polling Nationwide opinion polling for the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries File:Nationwide polls for the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries.svg Campaign finance This is an overview of the money used in the campaign as it is reported to Federal Election Commission (FEC) and released on April 27, 2016. Outside groups are independent expenditure only committees—also called PACs and SuperPACs. Several such groups normally support each candidate, but the numbers in the table are a total of all of them. This means that a group of committees can be shown as technically insolvent, shown in red, even though it is not the case of all of them. The Campaign Committee's debt is shown in red if the campaign is technically insolvent. The source of all the numbers is OpenSecrets.2016 Presidential Race http://www.opensecrets.org/pres16/ OpenSecrets Some spending totals are not available, due to withdrawals before the FEC deadline. Campaign committee (as of April 30)Outside groups (as of May 16)Total spentCampaignsuspendedsuspend Money raised Money spent Cash on hand Debt Money raised Money spent Cash on handHillary Clintonhttp://www.opensecrets.org/pres16/candidate.php?id=N00000019 Summary data for Hillary Clinton, 2016 Cycle opensecrets.org May 25, 2016$204,258,301$174,101,369$30,156,932$612,248 $84,815,067$38,332,454$46,482,614$212,433,8232099-01-01 hideConvention Bernie Sandershttp://www.opensecrets.org/pres16/candidate.php?id=N00000528 Summary data for Bernie Sanders, 2016 Cycle opensecrets.org May 25, 2016$227,678,274$219,695,969$8,015,274$898,879$869,412$1,069,765 $-200,353$220,765,7342016-07-26 mdMartin O'Malley$6,073,767$5,965,205$108,562$19,423$1,105,138$1,298,967$-193,829$7,264,1722016-02-01 mdLawrence Lessig$1,196,753N/AN/AN/A$0$0$0N/A2015-11-02 mdJim Webb$764,992 $558,151 $206,842 $0$27,092 $31,930 $-4,838$590,0812015-10-20 mdLincoln Chafee$418,136N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A2015-10-23 md Process United States presidential primary#Process The Democratic Party presidential primaries and caucuses are indirect elections in which voters elect delegates to the 2016 Democratic National Convention. These delegates directly elect the Democratic Party's presidential nominee. In some states, the party may disregard voters' selection of delegates, or selected delegates may vote for any candidate at the state or national convention (non-binding primary or caucus). In other states, state laws and party rules require the party to select delegates according to votes, and delegates must vote for a particular candidate (binding primary or caucus). There were 4,051 pledged delegates and 714 superdelegates in the 2016 cycle.Democratic National Committee, 2016 Democratic National Convention Delegate/Alternate Allocation https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/images/c/ce/Appendix_B_-_Allocation_Chart_1.29.16.pdf.pdf http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20160624201100/https%3A//ballotpedia.org/wiki/images/c/ce/Appendix_B_%2D_Allocation_Chart_1.29.16.pdf.pdf dead June 24, 2016 March 28, 2016 Under the party's delegate selection rules, the number of pledged delegates allocated to each of the 50 U.S. states and Washington, D.C. is determined using a formula based on three main factors: The proportion of votes each state gave to the Democratic candidate in the last three presidential elections (2004, 2008, and 2012) The number of electoral votes each state has in the United States Electoral College. The stage of the primary season when they held their contest. States and territories that held their contests later are given bonus seats. A candidate must win 2,383 delegates at the national convention, in order to win the 2016 Democratic presidential nomination. For the U.S. territories of Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands and for Democrats Abroad, fixed numbers of pledged delegates are allocated. All states and territories then must have used a proportional representation system, where their pledged delegates were awarded proportionally to the election results.http://www.thegreenpapers.com/P16/D-Alloc.phtml Democratic Detailed Delegate Allocation – 2016 The Green Papers September 14, 2015 A candidate must receive at least 15% of the popular vote to win pledged delegates in a state. The current 714 unpledged superdelegates, or "soft" delegates, included members of the United States House of Representatives and Senate, state and territorial governors, members of the Democratic National Committee, and other party leaders. Because of possible deaths, resignations, or the results of intervening or special elections, the final number of these superdelegates may be reduced before the convention. The Democratic National Committee imposed rules for states that wished to hold early contests in 2016. No state was permitted to hold a primary or caucus in January. Only Iowa, New Hampshire, South Carolina, and Nevada were entitled to February contests. Any state that violated these rules were penalized half its pledged delegates and all its superdelegates to the 2016 convention. Schedule and results Results of the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries 400px 400px 300px The following are the results of candidates who won at least one state. These candidates were on the ballots for every state, territory and federal district contest. The results of caucuses did not always have attached preference polls and attendance was extremely limited. The unpledged delegate count did not always reflect the latest declared preferences. Superdelegate endorsements List of superdelegates at the 2016 Democratic National Convention Superdelegates are elected officials and members of the Democratic National Committee who vote at the Democratic National Convention for their preferred candidate. Also known as unpledged delegates, they comprise 15% of the convention (712 votes out of 4,763) and they may change their preference at any time. The table below reflects current public endorsements of candidates by superdelegates, as detailed and sourced in the full list above. Because commonly referenced estimates of superdelegate support, including those by CNNhttp://www.cnn.com/election/ 2016 Election Center – Presidential Primaries and Caucuses CNN and the AP,http://interactives.ap.org/2016/delegate-tracker/?apikey=uSsHZA4dlPsWwDRHDAndAwIIQZ8OQgug Delegate Tracker Associated Press do not identify individual delegates as supporting a given candidate, their published tallies may differ from the totals computed here. Close states Source:https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?f=0&year=2016&elect=1 2016 Presidential Democratic Primary Election Results States where the margin of victory was under 1%: Missouri, 0.25% Iowa, 0.25% Kentucky, 0.42% States where the margin of victory was under 5%: Massachusetts, 1.40% Michigan, 1.42% Illinois, 1.95% South Dakota, 2.06% New Mexico, 3.06% Indiana, 4.92% States where the margin of victory was under 10%: Nevada, 5.28% Connecticut, 5.38% California, 7.03% Montana, 7.40% States where the margin of victory was under 20%: Oklahoma, 10.36% Rhode Island, 11.63% Pennsylvania, 12.08% Ohio, 12.99% Wisconsin, 13.54% Wyoming, 13.64% North Carolina, 13.64% Oregon, 14.18% Nebraska, 14.28% Arizona, 14.90% West Virginia, 15.57% New York, 16.06% Colorado, 18.68% Maps See also 2010s Liberalism Politics United States Related Democratic Party articles Results of the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries Nationwide opinion polling for the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries Statewide opinion polling for the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries 2016 Democratic Party presidential candidates 2016 Democratic Party presidential debates and forums List of Democratic Party presidential primaries Presidential primaries 2016 Constitution Party presidential primaries 2016 Green Party presidential primaries 2016 Libertarian Party presidential primaries 2016 Republican Party presidential primaries National conventions 2016 Constitution Party National Convention 2016 Democratic National Convention 2016 Green National Convention 2016 Libertarian National Convention 2016 Republican National Convention Notes note 2 References 30em External links Democratic Convention Watch Green papers for 2016 primaries, caucuses, and conventions Full Transcript: Democratic Presidential Debate October 14, 2015 One-page summary on Daily Kos of candidate differences only (many links to sources) Category:2016 in women's history