1758 in science

none 1758 science 1758 The year 1758 in science and technology involved some significant events. thumb|10th edition of Systema Naturae Astronomy December 25 – Halley's Comet is sighted by Johann Georg Palitzsch, confirming Edmund Halley's 1705 prediction of its periodicity.Messier's "Notes on my comets" http://www.messier.seds.org/xtra/history/notes-c.html It was discovered, [...] at Aprohlis, near Dresden, by a farmer named Palitzsch, on the 25th of December 1758[...] Chemistry John Champion patents a process for calcining zinc sulphide into an oxide usable in the retort process.The Encyclopedia of the Chemical Elements https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofch00hamp registration Reinhold New York 1968 Hampel, Clifford A. Lehto R. S. 0-442-15598-0 Zinc 822 Medicine French midwife Angélique du Coudray demonstrates the first obstetric mannequin. Scottish physician Francis Home makes the first attempt to deliver a measles vaccine.Waterston Charles D. Macmillan Shearer A. Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783-2002: Biographical Index http://www.rse.org.uk/fellowship/fells_indexp1.pdf 2011-11-19 I July 2006 Royal Society of Edinburgh 978-0-902198-84-5 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20061004113545/http://www.rse.org.uk/fellowship/fells_indexp1.pdf 2006-10-04Enders J. F. December 1961 – February 1962 Vaccination against measles: Francis Home redivivus Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 34 239–60 Physics Ruđer Bošković publishes his atomic theory in Philosophiæ naturalis theoria redacta ad unicam legem virium in natura existentium ("Theory of natural philosophy reduced to one law of the forces existing in nature").Cohesion: a scientific history of intermolecular forces https://books.google.com/books?id=HaKlJ5Zm51gC&dq=roger+boscovich&pg=PA49 J. S. Rowlinson Cambridge University Press 2002 0-521-81008-6 49 John Dolland presents his "Account of some experiments concerning the different refrangibility of light" (Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society (London)) describing the discovery of a means of constructing doublet achromatic lenses by the combination of crown and flint glasses, reducing chromatic aberration.https://books.google.com/books?id=2LZZginzib4C&pg=PA140 Stargazer: the life and times of the telescope Fred Watson London Allen & Unwin 2007 140–55 978-1-74175-383-7 Zoology January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (Animalia) of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, the starting point of modern zoological nomenclature, introducing binomial nomenclature for animals to his established system of Linnaean taxonomy.Niles Eldredge Niles Eldredge Life on Earth: A-G ABC-CLIO 2002 477–478 Among the first examples of his system of identifying an organism by genus and then species, Linnaeus identifies the lamprey with the name Petromyzon marinus.The Use of Numerals for Specific Names in Systematic Zoology David Starr Jordan Science 1911-03-10 372 He introduces the term Homo sapiens. (Date of January 1 assigned retrospectively.)http://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosted-sites/iczn/code/index.jsp?article=3&nfv=true Article 3 International Code of Zoological Nomenclature International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 4th 0-85301-006-4 1999 Awards Copley Medal: John DollondCopley Medal British scientific award https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal Encyclopedia Britannica 21 July 2020 en Births January 20 – Marie-Anne Pierrette Paulze, French chemist (died 1836) March 9 – Franz Joseph Gall, German-born neuroanatomist (died 1828) March 14 – Franz Bauer, Moravian-born botanical illustrator (died 1840) June 29 – Clotilde Tambroni, Italian philologist and linguist (died 1817) July 31 – Rosalie de Constant fr, Swiss naturalist (died 1834) October 11 – Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers, German astronomer (died 1840) Deaths January 18 – François Nicole, French mathematician (born 1683) April 22 – Antoine de Jussieu, French naturalist (born 1686) August 15 – Pierre Bouguer, French mathematician (born 1698) September 5 (NS) – Dmitry Ivanovich Vinogradov, Russian chemist (born c. 1720) October – Elizabeth Blackwell, British botanical illustrator (born 1707) References Category:18th century in science Category:1750s in science