1823 in science

none 1823 science 1823 The year 1823 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below. Astronomy Olbers' paradox is described by the German astronomer Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers. Cambridge Observatory established in England.Stratton F. J. M. The History of the Cambridge Observatories Annals of the Solar Physics Observatory, Cambridge 1 1949 December 29 – Great Comet of 1823 first observed. Chemistry June 17 – Charles Macintosh patents a method of rubberizing fabric to waterproof it.R. B. Prosser Macintosh, Charles (1766–1843) Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford University Press 2004 http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/17541 2011-04-23 10.1093/ref:odnb/17541 Exploration February 20 – James Weddell's expedition to Antarctica reaches latitude 74°15' S and longitude 34°16'45" W, the most southerly position that will be attained for more than 80 years. Mathematics János Bolyai completes a treatise on parallel lines that he calls absolute geometry, although it will not be published until 1832. Medicine After August – Philipp Franz von Siebold begins to introduce Western medicine to Japan. October 5 – The Lancet founded by Thomas Wakley. Theodric Romeyn Beck publishes the first significant American book on forensic medicine, Elements of Medical Jurisprudence in Albany, New York. Paleontology January 23 – In a cave on the Gower Peninsula of Wales, William Buckland inspects the "Red Lady of Paviland", the first identification of a prehistoric (male) human burial. The bones, discovered on December 21 last, are with those of the woolly mammoth, proving that the two had coexisted, although Buckland dates th human remains as Roman.Stephen Aldhouse-Green Great Sites: Paviland Cave British Archaeology 61 http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba61/feat3.shtml 2010-07-16 October 2001 2006-02-28 https://web.archive.org/web/20060228141222/http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba61/feat3.shtml dead December 10 – On the Jurassic Coast of southern England, Mary Anning finds the first complete Plesiosaurus skeleton.Torrens Hugh 1995 Mary Anning (1799–1847) of Lyme; 'The Greatest Fossilist the World Ever Knew' The British Journal for the History of Science 25 3 257–284 10.1017/s0007087400033161 free Physics William Sturgeon invents the electromagnet. Technology December 6 – English inventor Samuel Brown obtains his first patent for a hydrogen fuelled compressionless atmospheric gas vacuum engine,Gill, T. (1826). The Technical Repository, p. 383. the first internal combustion engine to be applied industrially.Samuel Morey and his atmospheric engine Horst O. Hardenberg Warrendale, Pa. Society of Automotive Engineers 1992 SP-922 1-56091-240-5 First use of a Fresnel lens in a lighthouse optic, at the Cordouan lighthouse on the Gironde estuary.Watson Bruce Science Makes a Better Lighthouse Lens Smithsonian 30 30 August 1999 First permanent wire cable suspension bridge, Pont Saint Antoine in Geneva, by Guillaume Henri Dufour, of two 40 m spans.Peters Tom F. Andrea L. Transitions in Engineering: Guillaume Henri Dufour and the Early 19th Century Cable Suspension Bridges Basel Birkhauser 1987 3-7643-1929-1 First cast iron framed greenhouse erected at Wollaton Park in England as a Camellia house. French officer Henri-Joseph Paixhans develops the Paixhans gun, the first naval artillery to fire explosive shells. Publications Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences first published. Awards Copley Medal: John PondCopley Medal British scientific award https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal Encyclopedia Britannica 22 July 2020 en Births January 3 – Robert Whitehead (died 1905), English inventor of the self-propelled torpedo. January 8 – Alfred Russel Wallace (died 1913), British naturalist who devises the theory of natural selection at the same time as Charles Darwin. February 3 – Spencer Fullerton Baird (died 1887), American ornithologist and ichthyologist. March 21 – Jules Émile Planchon (died 1888), French botanist. December 22 – Jean Henri Fabre (died 1915), French entomologist. December 23 – Thomas W. Evans (died 1897), American-born dentist.Johnson Rossiter Brown John Howard The Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans The Biographical Society 4 Boston, MA 1904 Thomas William Evans https://books.google.com/books?id=Q1IDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PT25#PPT24,M1 2009-06-12. Deaths January 26 – Edward Jenner (born 1749), English inventor of vaccine. January 27 – Charles Hutton (born 1737), English mathematician. February 9 – Agnes Ibbetson (born 1757), English plant physiologist. September 23 – Matthew Baillie (born 1761), British pathologist. References Category:19th century in science Category:1820s in science