1 Samuel 21

First Book of Samuel chapter 1 Samuel 21 1 Samuel 20 chapter 20 1 Samuel 22 chapter 22 First book of Samuel Old Testament 9 Nevi'im 3 Former Prophets Aert de Gelder (Dutch - Ahimelech Giving the Sword of Goliath to David - Google Art Project.jpg 240px "Ahimelech gives the sword of Goliath to David", painting by Arent de Gelder (1680s). 1 Samuel 21 is the twenty-first chapter of the First Book of Samuel in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible or the first part of the Books of Samuel in the Hebrew Bible.Halley 1965 182 According to Jewish tradition, the book was attributed to the prophet Samuel, with additions by the prophets Gad and Nathan,Hirsch Emil G. SAMUEL, BOOKS OF http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/13080-samuel-books-of www.jewishencyclopedia.com but modern scholars view it as a composition of a number of independent texts of various ages dating to 630–540 y.Knight 1995 62Jones 2007 197 This chapter contains the account of David's escape from Saul's repeated attempts to kill him.Jones 2007 209Coogan 2007 429 Hebrew Bible This is within a section comprising 1 Samuel 16 to 2 Samuel 5 which records the rise of David as the king of Israel.Jones 2007 207 Text This chapter was originally written in Biblical Hebrew. It is divided into 15 verses in English Bibles, but 16 verses in Hebrew Bible with different verse numbering. Verse numbering There are some differences in verse numbering of this chapter in English Bibles and Hebrew texts:Note on 1 Samuel 21:1 in ESV EnglishHebrew20:42b 21:121:1–15 21:2–16 This article generally follows the common numbering in English Christian Bible versions, with notes to the numbering in Hebrew Bible versions. Textual witnesses Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Textual tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), Aleppo Codex (10th century), and Codex Leningradensis (1008).Würthwein 1995 35-37 Fragments containing parts of this chapter in Hebrew were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls including 4Q52 (4QSamb; 250 BCE) with extant verses 1–3, 5–10.Ulrich 2010 278–281Dead sea scrolls - 1 SamuelFitzmyer 2008 354Q52 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library Extant ancient manuscripts of a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint (originally was made in the last few centuries BCE) include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century) and Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century).Würthwein 1995 73-74The whole book of 1 Samuel is missing from the extant Codex Sinaiticus.Codex Sinaiticus Places Israel jerusalem 240 right Ancient Israel Places mentioned in this chapter Israel jerusalem 31.703056 35.195556 Blue_pog.svg 6 Bethlehem 100 top Israel jerusalem 31.823333 35.231111 Red_pog.svg 6 Gibeah 100 left Israel jerusalem 31.700 34.847 Blue_pog.svg 6 Gath 100 right Israel jerusalem 31.65 34.8 Blue_pog.svg 1 Valley of Elah 100 right Israel jerusalem 31.853333 35.0325 Red_pog.svg 6 Nob 100 left Israel jerusalem 31.85 35.23167 Red_pog.svg 6 Ramah 100 top Gath Nob Valley of Elah David in Nob (21:1–9) David's visit in Nob (north of Jerusalem) is the first scene in a narrative of the priests providing support for David—not willingly like from Jonathan and Michal, but through deception—that continues with tragic consequences in 22:6–23.1 Samuel 22:6–23 heJones 2007 210 David's surprise visit was suspicious but quickly allayed by a concocted story of a secret mission.Jones 2007 210Evans 2018 220 The priest at Nob, Ahimelech, the grandson of Eli, was persuaded to give provision to David and his men from "holy bread" or the "bread of Presence", which was reserved for priests (Leviticus 24:9),Leviticus 24:9 he based on David's assurances that the men were "ceremonially clean" through abstention from sex and that their "vessels" (euphemism for "sexual organs") were clean.Jones 2007 210 David also obtained Goliath's sword, which was "wrapped in cloth behind the ephod" (verse 9), a significant omen for future successes.Jones 2007 210 Verse 1 Now David came to Nob, to Ahimelech the priest. And Ahimelech was afraid when he met David, and said to him, "Why are you alone, and no one is with you?"1 Samuel 21:1 NKJV in the Christian NKJV, or 1 Samuel 21:2 HE in the Hebrew Bible "Ahimelech the priest", either the same person as or the brother of Ahijah (1 Samuel 14:3),1 Samuel 14:3 heThe Jewish Study Bible Oxford University Press USA 2014 978-0-19-997846-5 Berlin Adele 2nd New York 587 en 1 Samuel 21 Brettler Marc Zvi who was apparently dead at that time. Son of Ahitub.Benson, Joseph. Commentary on the Old and New Testaments. 1 Samuel 21, accessed 9 July 2019August 2026 Verse 7 Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before the . And his name was Doeg the Edomite, the chief of the herdsmen who belonged to Saul.1 Samuel 21:7 NKJV The reference to Doeg the Edomite in this verse becomes meaningful in the next part of the plot (22:9–10,18), whose presence could also be related to the long-standing animosity between the people of Israel and Edom.Genesis 25:25, 30 he yesNumbers 20:1–21 heJudges 3:7–11 he His "detention" in the sanctuary was probably connected with an act of penance,Jones 2007 210 or that he might be "cultically unclean".Evans 2018 221 David in Gath (21:10–15) David planned to take refuge in Gath but was recognized by the courtiers of Gath, who recited words specifically connected with his successes against the Philistines, perhaps because he was carrying Goliath's sword. Being outside YHWH's territory and within reach of the Philistines (maybe because he had not consulted YHWH before fleeing to Gath), David acted quickly to feign madness. Achish, the king of Gath, was deceived and immediately let David go.Jones 2007 210Evans 2018 222 Verse 11 And the servants of Achish said to him, "Is this not David the king of the land? Did they not sing of him to one another in dances, saying: 'Saul has slain his thousands, and David his ten thousands'?"1 Samuel 21:11 NKJV "Did they not sing": the chant cited in 1 Samuel 18:7 apparently had become a popular song.Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges. 1 Samuel 21. Accessed 28 April 2019. See also 22em Ephod Edomite Goliath Herder Kohen Philistines Saul Bible Related Bible parts: 1 Samuel 17, 1 Samuel 18, 1 Samuel 20 Notes References Sources Commentaries on Samuel Auld Graeme 1 & 2 Samuel https://books.google.com/books?id=2Vo-11umIZQC&pg=PA213 James D. G. Dunn and John William Rogerson Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible Eerdmans 2003 9780802837110 Bergen David T. 1, 2 Samuel https://books.google.com/books?id=eGT6fWsajqcC B&H Publishing Group 1996 9780805401073 Chapman Stephen B. 1 Samuel as Christian Scripture: A Theological Commentary Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company 2016 978-1467445160 https://books.google.com/books?id=kS4XDAAAQBAJ Evans Paul 1-2 Samuel The Story of God Bible Commentary Tremper Longman Zondervan Academic 2018 978-0310490944 https://books.google.com/books?id=Uy8-DwAAQBAJ Gordon Robert I & II Samuel, A Commentary https://books.google.com/books?id=JMJ1ZAnswuUC&dq=I+%26+II+Samuel:+a+commentary+Gordon&pg=PA338 Paternoster Press 1986 9780310230229 Hertzberg Hans Wilhelm I & II Samuel, A Commentary https://books.google.com/books?id=friNN7IdjOIC&q=Saul+appointed+anointed+instituted&pg=PA19 Westminster John Knox Press 1964 trans. from German 2nd edition 1960 978-0664223182 19 Tsumura David Toshio The First Book of Samuel https://books.google.com/books?id=iLKAlhLDkMwC Eerdmans 2007 9780802823595 General Breytenbach Andries Past, Present, Future: the Deuteronomistic History and the Prophets Brill 2000 Who Is Behind The Samuel Narrative? https://books.google.com/books?id=uP22QHpnKq8C&dq=Breytenbach+Who+is+behind+the+Samuel+narrative&pg=PA50 Johannes Cornelis de Moor and H.F. Van Rooy 9789004118713 Coogan Michael David Michael D. Coogan The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 Coogan Michael David Marc Zvi Brettler Carol Ann Newsom Pheme Perkins Augmented 3rd Oxford University Press 2007 978-0195288810 https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ Fitzmyer Joseph A. Joseph Fitzmyer A Guide to the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company https://books.google.com/books?id=TILXeWJ2eNAC 2008 9780802862419 Grand Rapids, MI Halley Henry H. Henry Hampton Halley Halley's Bible Handbook: an abbreviated Bible commentary 24th (revised) Zondervan Publishing House 1965 https://archive.org/details/halleysbiblehand00henr registration 0-310-25720-4 Hayes Christine Introduction to the Bible Yale University Press 2015 https://books.google.com/books?id=SKbkXYHxvlAC 978-0300188271 Jones Gwilym H. 12. 1 and 2 Samuel The Oxford Bible Commentary John Barton John Barton (theologian) John Muddiman John Muddiman Oxford University Press first (paperback) 2007 196–232 978-0199277186 https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ February 6, 2019 Klein R.W. Samuel, books of https://books.google.com/books?id=6OJvO2jMCr8C Bromiley, Geoffrey W The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia Eerdmans 2003 9780802837844 Knight Douglas A https://books.google.com/books?id=SNLN1nEEys0C&q=630+BCE&pg=PA62 James Luther Mays, David L. Petersen and Kent Harold Richards Chapter 4 Deuteronomy and the Deuteronomists Old Testament Interpretation T&T Clark 1995 9780567292896 Ulrich Eugene The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants 2010 Brill https://archive.org/details/TheBiblicalQumranScrolls Würthwein Ernst Ernst Würthwein The Text of the Old Testament Wm. B. Eerdmans Grand Rapids, MI 1995 Erroll F. Rhodes 0-8028-0788-7 https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC January 26, 2019 External links Jewish translations: Shmuel I - I Samuel - Chapter 21 (Judaica Press). Hebrew text and English translation [with Rashi's commentary] at Chabad.org Christian translations: Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English) 1 Samuel chapter 21. Bible Gateway 21 Category:David Category:Gath (city)