(528219) 2008 KV42

Trans-Neptunian object on a retrograde polar orbit July 2021 yes (528219) 2008 KV 42 #C2E0FF 08KV42.gif The orbit of 2008 KV 42 is nearly perpendicular to the ecliptic Mauna Kea Obs. Mauna Kea Obs. 31 May 2008 (528219) 2008 KV 42 "Drac" (nickname) TNOcentaur damocloiddistant 1 July 2021 (JD 2459396.5) 31 12.20 yr (4,456 d) 62.917 AU 21.152 AU 42.035 AU 0.4968 272.53 yr (99,543 d) 341.23° 0.0036 ms / day 103.41° 260.91° 132.61° 4.26 AU -1.0210 101 km (est. at 0.058) 22.89 8.8 (528219) 2008 KV 42 (nicknamed Drac) is a trans-Neptunian object and the first one with a retrograde orbit to be discovered. This retrograde motion with an orbital inclination of 103° suggests that it is the missing link between its source in the Hills cloud and Halley-type comets, thus providing further insight into the evolution of the outer Solar System. The object measures approximately 101 km mi off us in diameter. With a semi-major axis of 42 AU, it takes about 269 years to complete an orbit around the Sun. 2008 KV 42 was discovered by astronomers at Mauna Kea Observatory on 31 May 2008. The discovery team nicknamed 2008 KV 42 "Drac" after Count Dracula. Discovery and naming The discovery of 2008 KV 42 was announced on 16 July 2008 by the Canada–France Ecliptic Plane Survey team led by Brett Gladman from the University of British Columbia. The announcement was made during the "Asteroids, Comets, Meteors" meeting held in Baltimore, Maryland, followed by a Minor Planet Electronic Circular on the same day and an IAU Circular on 18 July. The discovery was made using images obtained on 31 May from the 3.5-meter Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope, followed by further observations until 8 July from the Whipple Observatory and Cerro Tololo. The discovery team nicknamed 2008 KV 42 "Drac" because of its high inclination in reference to its orbital plane resembling Count Dracula's ability to walk on walls. Orbit thumb|left|280px|Polar view and side view of the orbits of 2008 KV 42 (pink) and 471325 Taowu (white) 2008 KV 42 is the first trans-Neptunian object (TNO) with a retrograde orbit to be discovered. With a semi-major axis of 41.7 AU, it was discovered while at a distance of 32 AU and has a perihelion at roughly the distance of Uranus. The object's 103° inclination makes it almost perpendicular to the ecliptic, and is, as of July 2017, one of only six objects known to have inclination and perihelion larger than 60° and 15 AU, respectively. The other five are: 127546 2002 XU 93, 2007 BP 102, 762135 2010 WG 9, 471325 Taowu, and 523719 2014 LM 28. Its unusual orbit suggests that 2008 KV 42 may have been perturbed inwards from its source, most likely in the Hills cloud, by an unknown gravitational disturbance. Its discovery may reveal the source regions for Halley-type comets which also have an retrograde orbit, but their origin remains unknown. 2008 KV 42 itself is believed to be in an intermediate stage towards becoming a comet, thus helping to further explain the formation and evolution of the outer Solar System. Planet Nine 2008 KV 42 may even provide evidence of Planet Nine. The Kozai effect inside the mean-motion resonances with Planet Nine may cause a periodic exchange between its inclination and its eccentricity. When the elongated perpendicular centaurs get too close to a giant planet, orbits such as that of 2008 KV 42 are created. See also List of trans-Neptunian objects 471325 Taowu References 2020-08-12 last obs. JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 528219 (2008 KV42) https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2528219 Jet Propulsion Laboratory 30 July 2021 528219 (2008 KV42) Minor Planet Center https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=528219 30 July 2021 MPEC 2008-O02 : 2008 KV42 Minor Planet Center 16 July 2008 https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/mpec/K08/K08O02.html 30 July 2021 Circular No. 8960 Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams 18 July 2008 http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/08900/08960.html 30 July 2021 Distant object found orbiting Sun backwards Jeff Hecht 5 September 2008 newscientist.com New Scientist https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn14669-distant-object-found-orbiting-sun-backwards/ 30 July 2021 JPL Small-Body Database Search Engine: i > 60 (deg) and q > 15 (AU) JPL Solar System Dynamics http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb_query.cgi?obj_group=all;obj_kind=all;obj_numbered=all;OBJ_field=0;ORB_field=0;combine_mode=AND;c1_group=ORB;c1_item=Bj;c1_op=%3E;c1_value=60;c2_group=ORB;c2_item=Bi;c2_op=%3E;c2_value=15;table_format=HTML;max_rows=50;format_option=comp;c_fields=AcBhBgBjBiBnBsCkCqAiBq;.cgifields=format_option;.cgifields=obj_kind;.cgifields=obj_group;.cgifields=obj_numbered;.cgifields=combine_mode;.cgifields=ast_orbit_class;.cgifields=table_format;.cgifields=com_orbit_class&query=1&c_sort=AcA 29 May 2013 MPC list of q>15 and i>60 (HiHq objects) http://minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_by_properties?perihelion_distance_min=15&inclination_min=60 IAU Minor Planet Center (a 7th object appears to be removed, 2010 TH 192) Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 516977 Southwest Research Institute https://www.boulder.swri.edu/~buie/kbo/astrom/528219.html 31 July 2021The Deep Ecliptic Survey Object Classifications List of Damocloids (Oort cloud asteroids) Akimasa Nakamura and bas 2 May 2009 Lowell Observatory http://ftp.lowell.edu/pub/bas/damocloid 15 February 2017 List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects Johnston's Archive 11 August 2026 Johnston Wm. Robert http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/tnoslist.html 31 July 2021 Asteroid (528219) 2008 KV42 – AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site https://newton.spacedys.com/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.3.0&n=528219 30 July 2021 6 Gladman B. Kavelaars J. Petit J. -M. Ashby M. L. N. Parker J. Coffey J. Jones R. L. Rousselot P. Mousis O. June 2009 Discovery of the First Retrograde Transneptunian Object The Astrophysical Journal 697 2 L91–L94 2009ApJ...697L..91G 0004-637X 10.1088/0004-637X/697/2/L91 free Batygin Konstantin Brown Michael E. February 2016 Evidence for a Distant Giant Planet in the Solar System The Astronomical Journal 151 2 22 2016AJ....151...22B 0004-6256 10.3847/0004-6256/151/2/22 1601.05438 2701020 free (called drac in reference) Discovery of the retrograde trans-neptunian object 2008 KV 42 2008 cfeps.net Canada France Ecliptic Plane Survey http://www.cfeps.net/KV42_Press.html dead https://web.archive.org/web/20140730013513/http://www.cfeps.net/KV42_Press.html 30 July 2014 Why I believe in Planet Nine 12 February 2016 Mike Brown Michael E. Brown www.findplanetnine.com http://www.findplanetnine.com/2016/02/why-i-believe-in-planet-nine.html dead https://web.archive.org/web/20160214043948/http://www.findplanetnine.com/2016/02/why-i-believe-in-planet-nine.html 14 February 2016 Announcements – International Team of Astronomers Finds Missing Link 4 September 2008 National Research Council nrc.cnrc.gc.ca http://archive.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/news/hia/2008/09/04/asteroid-2008kv42.html dead https://web.archive.org/web/20131225100313/http://archive.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/news/hia/2008/09/04/asteroid-2008kv42.html 25 December 2013 Kuiper Belt Object Travelling the Wrong-Way in a One-Way Solar System 5 September 2008 Ian O'Neill universetoday.com Universe Today http://www.universetoday.com/17712/kuiper-belt-object-travelling-the-wrong-way-in-a-one-way-solar-system/ 30 July 2021 External links 2008KV42 528219 (528219) 2008 KV 42 528219 528219 528219 528219 20080531 Category:Minor planets with a retrograde orbit