1998 Philippine presidential election

13th election of the Philippine president 1998 Philippine presidential election Philippines presidential no 1992 Philippine presidential election 1992 2004 Philippine presidential election 2004 86.5% (11.0pp) May 11, 1998 President Joseph "Erap" Ejercito Estrada, Argentine President Menem (cropped) (cropped2).jpg 150 150 185 0 0 center Joseph Estrada Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino Edgardo Angara 10,722,295 39.86% President Rodrigo Duterte with former House Speaker Jose de Venecia Jr. and Gina de Venecia.jpg 480 150 185 50 25 center Jose de Venecia Jr. Lakas-NUCD-UMDP Gloria Macapagal Arroyo 4,268,483 15.87% Raul Sagarbarria Roco.jpg 265 150 185 0 45 center Raul Roco Aksyon Demokratiko Irene Santiago 3,720,212 13.38% Lito Osmeña PROMDI Ismael Sueno 3,347,631 12.44% Philippine presidential election results, 1998.svg 290px Presidential election results per province. President Fidel V. Ramos Joseph Estrada Lakas-NUCD-UMDP Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino yes 1998 Philippine vice presidential election Philippines presidential no 1992 Philippine presidential election 1992 May 11, 1998 2004 Philippine presidential election 2004 160x160px Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Lakas-NUCD-UMDP 12,667,252 49.56% 160x160px Edgardo Angara Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino 5,652,068 22.11% 160x160px Oscar Orbos Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma 3,321,779 13.00% 160x160px Serge Osmeña Liberal Party (Philippines) 2,351,462 9.20% Philippine vice presidential election results, 1998.svg 290px Map showing the official results taken from provincial and city certificates of canvass. The inset shows Metro Manila. Vice President Joseph Estrada Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Lakas-NUCD-UMDP Presidential and vice presidential elections were held in the Philippines on May 11, 1998. In the presidential election, Vice President Joseph Estrada won a six-year term as President by a landslide victory. In the vice-presidential race, Senator Gloria Macapagal Arroyo won a six-year term as Vice President, also by a landslide victory. This was the third election where both the president and vice president came from different parties. Background At the tail-end of the presidency of Fidel V. Ramos, several politicians began jockeying for the nomination of his Lakas–NUCD–UMDP party. This included House Speaker Jose de Venecia Jr., National Defense Secretary Renato de Villa, and Cebu Governor Lito Osmeña. The Lakas nominee was widely expected to face Vice President Joseph Estrada, who had been the leading candidate in various opinion polls. Estrada had earlier declared in 1992 that he would not run for president, stating his intention to retire upon reaching the age of 60 in 1998,Maragay Fel V. Would'ya believe: Erap's not running in '98 https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=8cBNEdFwSQkC&dat=19920824&printsec=frontpage&hl=en October 16, 2021 Manila Standard Kamahalan Publishing Corp. August 25, 1992 3 but he later recanted this decision. Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago, who believed she had been cheated out of the presidency by Ramos in 1992, was also expected to run again. Former First Lady Imelda Marcos was likewise seen as a potential presidential contender. She banked on the support of loyalists of her husband, deposed president Ferdinand Marcos. Senator Leticia Ramos-Shahani initially launched her presidential campaign on July 6, 1997, in Pasig City with Lito Osmeña as her running mate.Macaspac Joem N. Letty launches presidential candidacy today https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wZgVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=9woEAAAAIBAJ&pg=1848%2C570913 June 15, 2023 Manila Standard Kamahalan Publishing Corp. July 6, 1997 1Maragay Fel V. Shahani declares bid for presidency https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=8cBNEdFwSQkC&dat=19970707&printsec=frontpage&hl=en June 15, 2023 Manila Standard Kamahalan Publishing Corp. July 7, 1997 1 However, she eventually decided to withdraw from the race and instead run for governor of Pangasinan.Azarcon-dela Cruz Pennie Leticia Ramos-Shahani: The accidental politician https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/883824/leticia-ramos-shahani-the-accidental-politician June 15, 2023 Inquirer News INQUIRER.net March 26, 2017 ...lost her bid for the governor’s post in Pangasinan in 1998. Senator Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, who had topped the 1995 Senate election, was also considered a strong presidential contender, founding Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino with Tito Sotto, who himself topped the 1992 Senate election, widely seen as her likely running mate. Senator Raul Roco, who had built a noteworthy Senate career by this point, gained strong backing from the youth through his own party, Aksyon Demokratiko. The Lakas convention ultimately nominated de Venecia, Ramos' handpicked successor, for president. This led de Villa and Osmeña to bolt from Lakas and set up their own parties. De Venecia picked Arroyo as his vice presidential running mate. The Liberal Party nominated Manila Mayor Alfredo Lim for president. Meanwhile, the Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino, Nationalist People's Coalition and Estrada's own Partido ng Masang Pilipino (the forerunner of the Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino) established an electoral alliance known as Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino. Estrada chose Senator Edgardo Angara of LDP as his running mate. Weeks before election day, Marcos withdrew from the race. Estrada had widened his lead over the other candidates by this point. Candidates +Presidential candidate Position PartyVice presidential candidate Position Party161x161px Jose de Venecia Jr. Speaker of the House of Representatives Lakas–NUCD–UMDP155x155px Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Senator Lakas–NUCD–UMDP129x129px Renato de Villa Former Secretary of National Defense (1991–1997) Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma164x164px Oscar Orbos Governor of Pangasinan Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma160x160px Miriam Defensor Santiago Senator People's Reform Party129x129px Francisco Tatad Senator People's Reform Party Santiago DumlaoNone Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago Reynaldo PachecoNone Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago151x151px Joseph Estrada Vice President Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino147x147px Edgardo Angara Senator Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino157x157px Alfredo Lim Mayor of Manila Liberal Party155x155px Serge Osmeña Senator Liberal Party Manuel Morato Chairperson of the Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office Partido Bansang Marangal Camilo Sabio Secretary-General of the House of Representatives Partido Bansang Marangal Lito Osmeña Former Chief Presidential Economic Adviser (1993–1997) Probinsya Muna Development Initiative146x146px Ismael Sueno Former Assembly Member of the Southern Philippine Council for Peace and Development (1997–1998) Probinsya Muna Development Initiative Juan Ponce Enrile Senator IndependentNone151x151px Raul Roco Senator Aksyon Demokratiko Irene Santiago None Aksyon Demokratiko Lakas nomination There were four candidates who sought the nomination of Lakas–NUCD: Jose de Venecia, Renato de Villa, Lito Osmeña, and Bulacan Governor Roberto Pagdanganan. De Villa was confident he would be selected by the party, as he, like President Ramos, was a former constabulary general. However, during the official Lakas party meeting, the presidential nomination was awarded to de Venecia. Following this, de Villa bolted from the party and formed Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma, while Osmeña established Probinsya Muna Development Initiative.Diaz Jess June 12, 2001 Roco, De Villa back JDV opponents https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2001/06/12/97116/roco-de-villa-back-jdv-opponents 2024-10-05 Philstar.com Opinion polling Opinion polling, commonly known as "surveys" in the Philippines were administered primarily by Social Weather Stations in 1998. The tables below graph the last three surveys conducted. For president File:1998 Philippine Presidential Election Opinion Polls.jpg 1200px +PollsterFieldwork dateSample sizeMargin of errorde Veneciade VillaDefensor SantiagoDumlaoEstradaLimMarcosMoratoOsmeñaPonce EnrileRocoUndecidedLakas-CMD (1991)Partido para sa Demokratikong RepormaPeople's Reform PartyLaban ng Makabayang Masang PilipinoLiberal Party (Philippines)Kilusang Bagong LipunanPROMDIIndependentAksyon DemokratikoSWSApr 8–161,500±3%12540.3Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino 30 1320.2132109Mar 16–211998-03-23 ERAP LEADS LIM AND JDV BY 28-14; GLORIA HITS 47 https://www.sws.org.ph/swsmain/artcldisppage/?artcsyscode=ART-20160104154009 SWS.org.ph1,500±3%14570.4Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino 28142192117Feb 21–271998-03-05 ERAP'S LEAD UNCHANGED; GLORIA'S LEAD WIDENS https://www.sws.org.ph/swsmain/artcldisppage/?artcsyscode=ART-20160104101243 SWS.org.ph1,500±3%12650.1Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino 28142.30.6130.9910 For vice president File:2004 Vice Presidential Election Polls.png 1200px PollsterFieldwork dateSample sizeMargin of errorAngaraMacapagal ArroyoOrbosOsmeñaPachecoSabioSantiagoSueñoTatadUndecidedLaban ng Makabayang Masang PilipinoLakas-CMD (1991)Partido para sa Demokratikong RepormaLiberal Party (Philippines)Aksyon DemokratikoPROMDIPeople's Reform PartySWSApr 8–161,500±3%16Lakas-CMD 458140.10.30.9329Mar 16–211,500±3%12Lakas-CMD 476180.20.51247Feb 21–271,500±3%13Lakas-CMD 445140.10.222210 Results Congressional canvass for the 1998 Philippine presidential election The 10th Congress canvassed the votes in joint session for a number of days before declaring Estrada and Arroyo as the winners; with Senate President Neptali Gonzales and Speaker De Venecia announcing the victors. While the official canvassing did not start a fortnight after Election Day, the National Movement for Free Elections (NAMFREL) held a parallel and unofficial quick count which was released days after the election and was updated at irregular intervals. NAMFREL based their tally from the seventh copy of the election returns given to them. In theory, the totals for the official canvassing (derived from the certificates of canvass, which are then derived from the election returns) and the completed NAMFREL quick count should be equal. For president Estrada carried the majority of the provinces, his hometown of San Juan City, and Metro Manila. De Venecia carried his home province of Pangasinan as well as Baguio, Roco carried his home province of Camarines Sur and the rest of the Bicol Region (excluding Masbate), and Osmeña got his foothold over his home province of Cebu and other provinces in the South. Whilst De Villa Only Won His home Province Of Batangas and Siquijor. Other candidates also carried their home provinces such as Enrile of Cagayan, and Defensor Santiago of Iloilo Province, as well as the neighboring province of Guimaras. Lim was the only major candidate who did not carry any provinces (with the exception of Batanes) and failed to capture his hometown of Manila. Popular vote #ddd 600px 410px Estrada Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino 39.86 De Venecia Lakas-NUCD 15.87 Roco Aksyon Demokratiko 13.83 Osmeña PROMDI 12.44 Lim Liberal Party (Philippines) 8.71 De Villa Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma 4.86 Others #777777 4.43 NAMFREL quick count Take note that Manuel Morato had a higher number of votes in the NAMFREL quick count than in the official congressional canvass. +NAMFREL quick count result (79.25% of precincts)http://www.namfrel.com.ph/archives/reports/1998/1998-NamfrelReport.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20211130071644/https://www.namfrel.com.ph/archives/reports/1998/1998-NamfrelReport.pdf dead November 30, 2021 Report on the Philippine General Elections 1998 NAMFREL.com.ph March 17, 2011 Candidate Party Results Votes % Diff* Joseph Estrada Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino8,239,82339.47%−0.39% Jose de Venecia Lakas-NUCD-UMDP3,247,067 15.55% −0.32% Raul Roco Aksyon Demokratiko2,923,842 14.00% 0.17% Emilio Osmeña Probinsya Muna Development Initiative2,454,432 11.76% −0.68% Alfredo Lim Liberal Party (Philippines)1,815,664 8.70% −0.01% Renato de Villa Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma1,028,854 4.93% 0.07% Miriam Defensor Santiago People's Reform Party584,633 2.80% −0.16% Juan Ponce Enrile Independent (politician)297,801 1.43% 0.15% Imelda Marcos (withdrew) Kilusang Bagong Lipunan232,714 1.11% N/A Santiago Dumlao Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago 29,327 0.14% 0.02% Manuel Morato Partido Bansang Marangal 23,208 0.07% 0.04% Votes 20,877,365 100.00% —*Difference from the NAMFREL quick count from the official congressional canvass. Voter demographics +1998 presidential vote by demographic subgroup Demographic subgroup Estrada de Venecia Roco OsmeñaOther % oftotal vote Total vote 39 16 13 12 20 100 NCR 33 11 28 4 24 9 CAR 47 24 12 0 17 5 Region I - Ilocos 33 61 2 0 4 6 Region II - Cagayan 44 13 4 1 38 5 Region III - Central Luzon 50 15 17 1 17 7 Region IV - Southern Tagalog 45 10 12 1 32 12 Region V - Bicol 14 8 75 0 3 5 Region VI - Western Visayas 40 12 3 9 36 9 Region VII - Central Visayas 20 12 5 52 11 7 Region VIII - Eastern Visayas 48 18 1 23 10 4 Region IX - Western Mindanao 39 19 4 20 18 6 Region X - Northern Mindanao 33 20 3 31 13 5 Region XI - Southern Mindanao 44 12 3 30 11 8 Region XII - Central Mindanao 52 18 3 15 12 6 ARMM 63 25 1 2 9 6 Source: Exit polls conducted by Social Weather Stations on May 12, 100% total (margin of error: 1.3%)COMPARING SWS EXIT POLL RESULTS WITH NAMFREL COUNT BY REGION http://www.sws.org.ph/namfrel2.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054033/http://www.sws.org.ph/namfrel2.htm March 4, 2016 dead For vice-president Arroyo also carried most of the provinces including her home province of Pampanga. Other candidates also carried their home provinces such as Angara of Aurora, and Quezon being mother province, Orbos of Pangasinan, Tatad of Catanduanes and Sueno of South Cotabato. Only Osmeña of Cebu failed to capture the votes of their home provinces. Popular vote #ddd 600px 410px Arroyo Lakas-NUCD 49.56 Angara Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino 22.11 Orbos Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma 13.00 Osmeña Liberal Party (Philippines) 9.20 Others #777777 6.13 NAMFREL quick count Take note that Reynaldo Pacheco had a higher number of votes in the NAMFREL quick count than the official congressional canvass. +NAMFREL quick count result (79.25% of precincts) Candidate Party Results Votes % Diff* Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Lakas-NUCD-UMDP9,624,397 48.85% −0.71% Edgardo Angara Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino4,380,991 22.24% 0.13 Oscar Orbos Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma2,651,184 13.46% 0.46 Sergio Osmeña III Liberal Party (Philippines) 1,183,998 9.21% 0.01 Francisco Tatad People's Reform Party/Gabay Bayan582,548 2.96% 0.05 Ismael Sueno Probinsya Muna Development Initiative409,966 2.08% −0.02 Irene Santiago Aksyon Demokratiko196,386 1.00% 0.07 Reynaldo Pacheco Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago 23,107 0.12% 0.04 Camilo Sabio Partido Bansang Marangal 19,555 0.10% 0.01 Votes 19,702,132 100.00% —*Difference from the NAMFREL quick count from the official congressional canvass. Voter demographics +1998 vice presidential vote by demographic subgroup Demographic subgroup Arroyo Angara Orbos Osmeña Other % oftotal vote Total vote 50 21 12 10 7 100 NCR 32 21 33 12 2 9 CAR 60 19 17 3 1 5 Region I - Ilocos 53 15 30 1 1 6 Region II - Cagayan 62 26 10 2 0 5 Region III - Central Luzon 66 16 11 6 1 7 Region IV - Southern Tagalog 45 29 17 7 2 12 Region V - Bicol 48 14 4 5 29 5 Region VI - Western Visayas 46 28 4 15 7 9 Region VII - Central Visayas 45 17 2 25 11 7 Region VIII - Eastern Visayas 67 18 1 13 1 4 Region IX - Western Mindanao 59 18 5 15 3 6 Region X - Northern Mindanao 58 21 3 16 2 5 Region XI - Southern Mindanao 50 20 5 13 12 8 Region XII - Central Mindanao 56 21 3 9 11 6 ARMM 58 30 6 4 2 6 Source: Exit polls conducted by Social Weather Stations on May 12, 100% total (margin of error: 1.4%)VICE-PRESIDENTIAL VOTES FOR THE MAY 11, 1998 ELECTIONS: SWS Day-of-Election 'Exit Poll' http://www.sws.org.ph/exitcom2.htm#vp https://web.archive.org/web/20150924112429/http://www.sws.org.ph/exitcom2.htm#vp September 24, 2015 dead See also Commission on Elections Politics of the Philippines Philippine elections President of the Philippines 11th Congress of the Philippines Notes References 1998-04-22 ERAP'S LEAD STRENGTHENS AS LIM, OSMEÃ'A, JDV TIE FOR 2ND https://www.sws.org.ph/swsmain/artcldisppage/?artcsyscode=ART-20160104162025 SWS.org.ph External links The Philippine Presidency Project Official website of the Commission on Elections Official website of the House of Representatives 1998 Category:1998 elections in the Philippines Category:May 1998 in Asia Category:Joseph Estrada Category:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo