1881 United States Senate special elections in New York

none March 2026 September 2023 1881 United States Senate elections in New York New York Class I (1881)←Class III (1879) Class I (1887) →Class III (1885) presidential Flag of New York (1858–1896).svg no May 31—July 22, 1881 x200px File:Warner Miller.jpg Warner MillerClass I Republican Party (United States) File:Elbridge G. Lapham - Brady-Handy.jpg Elbridge LaphamClass III Republican Party (United States) U.S. Senators Thomas C. Platt (Class I)Roscoe Conkling (Class III) Republican Party (United States) Warner Miller (Class I)Elbridge Lapham (Class III) Republican Party (United States) The 1881 United States Senate special elections in New York were held from May 31 to July 22 by the New York State Legislature to elect two U.S. senators to represent New York in the United States Senate, following the joint resignations of Roscoe Conkling and Thomas C. Platt during an ongoing political dispute with President James A. Garfield over control of federal patronage in the state. The resignations were intended to trigger the reelection of each senator to affirm the popularity and political strength of the Stalwart faction of the Republican Party. Instead, the legislature demurred for 52 days before ultimately electing Warner Miller and Elbridge Lapham. During the course of the elections, Garfield was shot by Charles Guiteau, a deranged office-seeker angered over his failure to receive a federal appointment; Garfield died two months after balloting concluded. On July 1, Platt withdrew after 41 inconclusive joint ballots. On July 2, Garfield was shot by Guiteau, who declared his support for Conkling immediately after the shooting. With no consensus candidate emerging for either seat, a Republican caucus met on July 8 to nominate replacements and settled on Warner Miller and Elbridge Lapham. Two weeks later, Miller was elected to Platt's seat. Conkling's supporters held out for another week before acquiescing to the unanimous nomination of Lapham on July 22, ending the election. President Garfield died on September 19. With the Stalwart faction effectively eliminated by Conkling's removal from office, Congress passed the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, which was signed into law by Chester A. Arthur, a former Conkling protégé. Background right Roscoe Conkling c. 1868 (cropped).jpg Roscoe Conkling Roscoe Conkling, senator since 1867 Picture of Thomas C. Platt.jpg Thomas Collier Platt Thomas Collier Platt, senator since January 1881 400 Roscoe Conkling, the Republican Party boss and leader of the Stalwart faction, was elected to a third term in as the Class 3 United States Senator in January 1879. During his time in office, Conkling had built a powerful political organization through control of federal patronage appointments, particularly the offices in the lucrative Port of New York. At the 1876 Republican National Convention, he had been the favorite son of the New York delegation, where he led opposition to the nomination of his political rival, James G. Blaine. After a deadlock, the convention nominated Rutherford B. Hayes. Although Hayes opposed Conkling's influence over New York by nominating Theodore Roosevelt Sr. as collector of the port, Conkling and his allies in the Senate successfully blocked the nomination in December 1877. At the 1880 Republican National Convention, Conkling again opposed Blaine's nomination by supporting former president Ulysses S. Grant for a third term in office. When the convention deadlocked again, the delegates nominated dark horse James A. Garfield of Ohio as a compromise candidate. To appease the Stalwarts, Port of New York collector Chester A. Arthur was nominated as his vice presidential running mate. Garfield, who had campaigned on a moderate civil service reform plank, won the election. Thomas C. Platt had been elected on Conkling's advice in January 1881 and had just taken his seat as the state's junior senator on March 4. However, Platt only won 54 of the 105 votes in the Republican caucus, demonstrating waning support for Conkling's machine. Robertson nomination Garfield nominated William H. Robertson, the president pro tempore of the New York State Senate and leader of the state's Half-Breed faction, as Collector of the Port of New York. Robertson, who had been elected as a delegate to the 1880 convention on a pledge to vote for Grant, was among the New York delegates who broke with Conkling to engineer Garfield's nomination. On March 28, Conkling, Platt, Arthur, and postmaster general Thomas Lemuel James sent a public letter to Garfield urging him to withdraw Robertson's nomination. Conkling preferred that Edwin Merritt continue as collector until his term expired in 1882, at which point Conkling would recommend a Stalwart to succeed him. On May 16, both Conkling and Platt resigned in protest against the distribution of federal patronage in New York. Conkling and Platt then stood for re-election in an effort to rebuke Garfield and demonstrate their political support within New York. Legislative composition 104th New York State Legislature 1879 New York state election 1880 New York state election At the 1879 state election, 25 Republicans and 7 Democrats were elected for a two-year term (1880–1881) in the State Senate. At the 1880 state election, 81 Republicans and 47 Democrats were elected for the session of 1881 to the Assembly. The 104th New York State Legislature met from January 4 to July 23, 1881, at Albany, New York. Nominations Republican caucus When the first surprise about the resignations subsided, a majority of the Republican State legislators were determined to be rid of Conkling. Intense canvassing followed, many names were speculated about as candidates, but it proved difficult to call a caucus, since no majority of legislators or of the caucus committee agreed. A caucus of Republican State legislators was finally called by Speaker of the Assembly George H. Sharpe for May 30. Assemblyman Andrew S. Draper presided, and secretaries were appointed. Only 8 State senators and 27 assemblymen were present, and the caucus adjourned for lack of quorum until the next day, but nobody was nominated. Democratic caucus The caucus of the Democratic State legislators met on May 30. Assemblyman Michael C. Murphy, of New York City, presided. They nominated Ex-U.S. Senator Francis Kernan and State Senator John C. Jacobs, both on the first ballot. +May 1881 Democratic caucus for United States Senator resultOfficeCandidateFirst ballotOfficeCandidateFirst ballotU.S. Senator (Class 1)Francis Kernan 34U.S. Senator (Class 3)John C. Jacobs 39Clarkson N. Potter 7Abram S. Hewitt 8Rufus W. Peckham 5Horatio Seymour 4Erastus CorningErastus Corning (1827-1897), of Albany, son of Erastus Corning (1794-1872) 3Clarkson N. Potter 1Horatio Seymour 1 Elections On May 31, the legally prescribed day for the election, the Assembly and the State Senate took a ballot, but no candidate received a majority. On June 1, both Houses met in joint session, compared the result of the ballot, and finding that nobody had received a majority in either House, proceeded to a joint ballotThe New York State Constitution, referring to the Senate elections, had been amended since the last time when no candidate had a majority in either House, in United States Senate election in New York, 1839/1839; previously in case of no choice by either House no joint ballot could be taken. in which nobody received a majority either. Afterwards, Stalwarts and Administration men met in separate conferences. The Stalwarts hung on to Conkling and Platt. At the Administration men's conference 61 State legislators were present and Chauncey M. Depew was the frontrunner for the long term (Class 1), but the anti-Conkling men were split into a handful of factions, unable to compromise. From June 2 on, joint ballots were taken every day, Monday through Saturday at noon. After almost three weeks of deadlock, it was believed that Governor Cornell would consider the votes cast for State Senator Jacobs as void,The eligibility of members of the State Legislature was still controversial, although State Senator Nathaniel P. Tallmadge was elected in 1833, and Lt. Gov. Henry R. Selden had ruled in 1857 that the ineligibility clause of the New York State Constitution was not in accordance with the dispositions of the United States Constitution when votes were cast for State Senator Daniel E. Sickles. and to accept as elected any Republican candidate who would receive a simple majority of a quorum, meaning that if at least 81 votes were cast for all candidates except Jacobs, the frontrunner would be elected with 42. On this day, 155 legislators present, and 52 voting for Jacobs, somebody could claim to be elected with a vote of 52, and get his credentials issued by the governor. Thus, when Ex-Vice President Wheeler had received 50 votes in the 23rd ballot, State Senator Charles A. Fowler (Dem., 14th D.) withdrew Jacobs's name before the end of the roll call, and the Democratic members who had voted already (the roll was called in alphabetical order of surnames, first Senate, then Assembly) asked to change their votes, which was granted by Lt. Gov. George G. Hoskins. After Jacobs's withdrawal during the 23rd ballot, a Democratic caucus was held in the afternoon of June 22, Assemblyman Michael C. Murphy presided. Ex-Congressman Clarkson N. Potter was nominated after an informal ballot, in which votes were scattered about 11 candidates, and a formal ballot in which Potter received a majority. thumb|left|President James A. Garfield, on whom Conkling's opposition was centered, was shot in Washington on July 2; news arrived in Albany just after Platt withdrew and just before the 33rd ballot.|416x416px After a month of deadlock and 31 ballots, Thomas C. Platt withdrew from the contest on July 1, and most of the Platt men then switched to Richard Crowley. On the morning of the next day, President Garfield was shot and the news arrived in Albany just before the State Legislature met for the 33rd ballot. On July 6, after the 37th ballot, the Anti-Conkling men met in conference. 59 legislators attended, and State Senator Dennis McCarthy presided. No agreement was reached, and a call was issued for a new conference to be held the next day. On July 7, after the 39th ballot, the Anti-Conkling conference was attended by 65 legislators, and a call for a regular Republican caucus was signed by 59 of them. On July 8, after the 41st ballot, a regular Republican caucus finally met. 64 legislators answered to the first roll call, and Thomas G. Alvord was chosen chairman. Since the Stalwarts were not attending, it was agreed that nominations were to be made with a minimum vote of 54, a majority of the total 106 Republican legislators. The frontrunner to succeed Platt (Class 1 seat), Chauncey M. Depew, withdrew from the contest for the sake of party unity, and the caucus instead nominated Congressman Warner Miller on the fifth ballot (First ballot: Miller 27, William A. Wheeler 22, Sherman S. Rogers 9, Noah Davis 2, Alonzo B. Cornell 2, William M. Evarts 2, Richard Crowley 1, Roscoe Conkling 1, Henry E. Temain 1; Second ballot: Miller 28, Wheeler 28, Rogers 10; Third ballot: similar to second; Fourth ballot: Miller 32 then withdrawal of Rogers, then many changes, then withdrawal of Wheeler; Fifth ballot: Miller unanimously). Then they nominated on the second ballot Congressman Elbridge G. Lapham to succeed Conkling (First ballot: Lapham 38, Cornell 12, Tremain 10, Crowley 5, James W. Wadsworth 1; Second ballot: Most votes for Lapham, then some changes, then a re-call of the roll, and finally unanimously). The Conkling men however refused to accept the caucus nominations and continued to vote for Conkling, and now for Wheeler instead of Crowley to succeed Platt. On July 11, after the 43rd ballot, the Stalwarts demanded a new caucus but the Chairman of the State Senate Caucus Committee Dennis McCarthy refused to issue a call. On July 16, after seven weeks of deadlock, Warner Miller was elected on the 48th ballot to succeed Platt. Conkling held out for another week. On July 22, after the 55th ballot, the Republican legislators met in conference. 76 legislators attended, State Senator Dennis McCarthy presided, and this conference issued the call for a caucus to meet at 3 p.m. The caucus was attended by Stalwarts and Administration men, all Republican legislators who had voted on the previous ballot being present. They nominated Elbridge G. Lapham on the first ballot (vote: Lapham 61, Conkling 28, Stewart L. Woodford 1, William M. Evarts 1), and the nomination was then "made unanimous." At 5 p.m. another ballot, the 56th and last, was taken by the State Legislature, and Lapham was elected to succeed Conkling. Class 1 summary +1881 United States Senator (Class 1) special election resultCandidateSAJ123456789101112131415161718J92021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748Republican Party (US) Miller 2 3 8 8 1 10 8 968617071737476Republican Party (US) Platt 8 21 29 28 28 30 26 23 28 29 29 28 28 22 21 26 27 27 23 17 21 27 27 26 25 27 27 27 20 21 27282821111Democratic Party (US) Kernan 7 47 53 53 53 51 31 26 46 51 50484829275150524834255151535353534531324952534831244747535152505050485251545347Republican Party (US) Depew 7 14 25 28 30 30 23 21 42 51 535454383655545453443752505250535245343550505148353248485351495151Republican Party (US) Cornell 12 11 11 13 13 8 9 14 10 89976101012105611988877549911151011151518181720191Republican Party (US) Lapham 2 6 8 8 9 2 2 4 4 4 3322221111134433213221211111111Republican Party (US) Crowley 3 4 4 4 3 3 3 4 4 544234355336578865456772091019191918181818Republican Party (US) Folger 6 5 3 4 3 3 3 4 4 43333332111Republican Party (US) Wheeler 1 1 1 1121343211112222211191821231274Republican Party (US) Evarts 5 3 1111111111121Republican Party (US) Davis 2 2Republican Party (US) Wadsworth 2 2 2 2Republican Party (US) TremainGen. Henry Edwin Tremain (1840-1910), lawyer, Columbia Law School graduate 1867 2 1 1 3 3 2 1 11111511111111111111Republican Party (US) Morton 2 1Republican Party (US) Rogers 1 1 1 11143Republican Party (US) Choate 1 1Republican Party (US) Sharpe 1Republican Party (US) Francis 1Republican Party (US) Pomeroy 1Republican Party (US) Ward 3 3 4 2Republican Party (US) Dutcher 2 2 2 2 2Republican Party (US) Van Cott 1 1 1 1 11Republican Party (US) Rumsey 1 1Republican Party (US) Sloan 1Republican Party (US) Wilber 1Republican Party (US) Fenton 1 1 1Republican Party (US) Tracy 111Republican Party (US) BlissWilliam B. Bliss, of Rome, Oneida County judge 1875-80, Oneida County Surrogate 1884-18891111Republican Party (US) Hoskins543111111Republican Party (US) Chapman4133444442222222Republican Party (US) NorthCharles North, Mayor of Oswego 1868, assemblyman 18781111111111Republican Party (US) Adams113221221Republican Party (US) Daniels1111111132331Republican Party (US) TalcottJames Talcott (1835-1916), of New York City, merchant and philanthropist, Obit in NYT on August 22, 1916211Republican Party (US) Fish1111111112227119Republican Party (US) Starin1111122Republican Party (US) Tenney11 Class 3 summary +1881 United States Senator (Class 3) special election resultCandidateSAJ1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556Republican Party (US)Lapham117438998117681012161316252526161717131081718171376991111111212676068697070685454687272676392Republican Party (US)Conkling 9 26 35 34 33 34 30 26 34 34 3433332324313132272023333232323232302224313232282016313132313032323128323232322927272828282828Democratic Party (US)Jacobs 6 47 52 52 52 49 30 25 45 50 494747292650495147342450505212Democratic Party (US)Potter7535344343149525348312747475351525050504852525453473434454949454042Republican Party (US)Wheeler 4 15 22 19 17 17 13 14 22 21 2320211916232538362924383540505050453232424143382622363642434338421Republican Party (US)Cornell 3 6 10 21 23 19 18 16 15 19 16151288910118533122111233265688653851Republican Party (US)Rogers 5 8 15 14 14 14 13 13 15 15 1418161412211811114413345566Republican Party (US)Crowley 5 3 2 2 3 2 1 1131212346664432Republican Party (US)Folger 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 222122233112211111111111111Republican Party (US)Pomeroy 2 1 3 1Republican Party (US)Tremain 2 3 3 2 1 4 2 3444433331Republican Party (US)Evarts 2 211111Republican Party (US)Alvord 2 2Republican Party (US)Wadsworth 2 1Republican Party (US)White 2 1Republican Party (US)Fenton 1 3 2 4 2Republican Party (US)Edick 1 1 1 2Republican Party (US)Bradley 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1111111111113Republican Party (US)Fish 1 1 1 1111Republican Party (US)Chapman 1 1 111Republican Party (US)Dutcher 1 1 1 1 1Republican Party (US)Ward 1Republican Party (US)Miller 1Independent (US)Beecher 1Republican Party (US)Woodin 1Republican Party (US)Harris 1 111Republican Party (US)Marvin2Republican Party (US)Crowley124121Democratic Party (US)Peckham4Democratic Party (US)Hewitt3Democratic Party (US)Kelly3Democratic Party (US)Seymour3Democratic Party (US)Parker2Democratic Party (US)Bliss2Democratic Party (US)Cox2Democratic Party (US)Corning2Republican Party (US)Daniels1Democratic Party (US)Tilden1Democratic Party (US)Hoffman1Democratic Party (US)Slocum1Democratic Party (US)Grace1Democratic Party (US)Westbrook1Democratic Party (US)Scoville1Democratic Party (US)Beach1Democratic Party (US)Thompson1Democratic Party (US)Kingsley1Democratic Party (US)Babcock1Republican Party (US)Hoskins1222111Republican Party (US)Roach1111Republican Party (US)Stoughton1Republican Party (US)Woodford111111111 Aftermath Lapham and Miller took their seats on October 11, 1881, and served single terms. Lapham remained in office until March 3, 1885; Miller until March 3, 1887. Conkling's political career effectively ended after this episode, the longest deadlock in New York State legislative history until 1911.The deadlock lasted 53 days (Lapham) and 47 days (Miller). In 1911 it took 74 days and 63 joint ballots to elect a U.S. Senator. Platt returned to the U.S. Senate in 1897, and served two terms until 1909. Notes Sources http://www.gpoaccess.gov/serialset/cdocuments/hd108-222/47th.pdf Members of the 47th United States Congress U.S. Government Printing Office 2009-04-22 https://web.archive.org/web/20090509042457/http://www.gpoaccess.gov/serialset/cdocuments/hd108-222/47th.pdf 2009-05-09 dead https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/05/17/98556595.pdf SENSATION IN POLITICS; SENATORS CONKLING AND PLATT RESIGN The New York Times May 17, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/05/31/98558101.pdf CONKLING'S CAUSE LOST; ONLY THIRTY-FIVE MEN INDUCED TO ATTEND A CAUCUS The New York Times May 31, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/05/31/98558103.pdf THE DEMOCRATS IN CAUCUS.; THE EMPTY COMPLIMENT OF NOMINATION GIVEN TO JOHN C. JACOBS AND FRANCIS KERNAN The New York Times May 31, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/01/98558250.pdf NAMING THE CANDIDATES The New York Times June 1, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/02/98558429.pdf CONKLING'S FEW FRIENDS.; FIRMNESS OF BOTH SIDES IN THE SENATORIAL FIGHT The New York Times June 2, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/03/98558563.pdf CONKLING LOSING GROUND; HIS VOTE DECREASED, HIS OPPONENTS CONCENTRATING The New York Times June 3, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/04/98558726.pdf MR. CONKLING'S CONTEST; THE RESULT OF THE BALLOT TAKEN YESTERDAY The New York Times June 4, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/05/98558878.pdf VOTING TO NO PURPOSE The New York Times June 5, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/07/98559241.pdf THE DEAD-LOCK AT ALBANY; NO APPEARANCE OF A CONCENTRATION AGAINST CONKLING The New York Times June 7, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/08/98559407.pdf THE SEVENTH BALLOT.;...MR. DEPEW'S GREAT GAINS The New York Times June 8, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/09/98559731.pdf FEATURES OF THE BALLOT.; ..DEPEW'S VOTE INCREASED TO 51 The New York Times June 9, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/10/98559869.pdf THE NINTH BALLOT.; MR. DEPEW'S VOTE INCREASED The New York Times June 10, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/11/98560171.pdf DEPEW'S STRENGTH INCREASED.; RESULT OF TWO MORE BALLOTS The New York Times June 11, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/12/98560403.pdf THE TWELFTH JOINT BALLOT The New York Times June 12, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/14/98560735.pdf THE THIRTEENTH BALLOT The New York Times June 14, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/15/98560893.pdf THE FOURTEENTH BALLOT The New York Times June 15, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/16/98561061.pdf CONKLING'S SELFISHNESS; THE EX-SENATOR DETERMINED ON THE RULE OR RUIN POLICY The New York Times June 16, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/17/98561414.pdf THE SIXTEENTH BALLOT.; MR. WHEELER AHEAD OF CONKLING The New York Times June 17, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/18/98561585.pdf THE SEVENTEENTH BALLOT The New York Times June 18, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/19/98561751.pdf THE EIGHTEENTH BALLOT.; DEPEW WANTING NINE VOTES OF ELECTION The New York Times June 19, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/21/98562085.pdf THE NINETEENTH BALLOT The New York Times June 21, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/22/98562245.pdf TWO MORE BALLOTS TAKEN The New York Times June 22, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/23/98562401.pdf SURPRISES IN THE VOTING.; RUNNING UP THE WHEELER VOTE.; THE DEMOCRATS SCARED AND JACOBS WITHDRAWN The New York Times June 23, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/23/98562402.pdf THE DEMOCRATS' NEW CANDIDATE The New York Times June 23, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/24/98562554.pdf TWO MORE BALLOTS The New York Times June 24, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/25/102752040.pdf THE TWENTY-SIXTH BALLOT The New York Times June 25, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/26/106236314.pdf THE TWENTY-SEVENTH BALLOT The New York Times June 26, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/28/102752383.pdf ANOTHER LIGHT BALLOT The New York Times June 28, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/29/98913837.pdf THE JOINT ASSEMBLY'S WORK The New York Times June 29, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/06/30/98562689.pdf THE THIRTIETH BALLOT The New York Times June 30, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/01/98562847.pdf THE THIRTY-FIRST BALLOT The New York Times July 1, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/02/98563016.pdf A SURPRISE AT ALBANY; SUDDEN WITHDRAWAL OF PLATT FROM THE CONTEST The New York Times July 2, 1882 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/03/98563211.pdf STILL VOTING FOR SENATORS.; A FALLING OFF IN THE THIRTY-THIRD BALLOT The New York Times July 3, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/05/98563673.pdf NO CHOICE YET OF SENATORS The New York Times July 5, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/06/98563794.pdf TWO MORE BALLOTS.; THE VOTING IN EACH PRECISELY ALIKE The New York Times July 6, 1881 subscription, [giving wrong numbers of ballots "36th" and "37th" in the summary, correct was 35th and 36th] https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/07/98563886.pdf THE THIRTY-SEVENTH BALLOT The New York Times July 7, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/07/98563885.pdf NO AGREEMENT REACHED The New York Times July 7, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/08/98564120.pdf TWO BALLOTS ADDED TO THE LIST The New York Times July 8, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/08/98564119.pdf A CAUCUS AGREED UPON; SIXTY-TWO REPUBLICANS SIGN THE CALL The New York Times July 8, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/09/98564209.pdf THE BALLOTING YESTERDAY The New York Times July 9, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/09/98564204.pdf THE CHOICE OF A CAUCUS; WARNER MILLER AND E.G. LAPHAM NOMINATED The New York Times July 9, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/10/98564363.pdf REPUDIATING THE CAUCUS; THE LAME EXCUSES OF CONKLING'S FOLLOWERS The New York Times July 10, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/12/98564772.pdf THE FORTY-THIRD BALLOT The New York Times July 12, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/12/98564771.pdf REQUESTING A NEW CAUCUS; THE STALWARTS FEARING A BREAK IN THEIR RANKS The New York Times July 12, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/13/98564975.pdf ANOTHER FRUITLESS BALLOT The New York Times July 13, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/14/98565143.pdf FEW CHANGES IN THE BALLOTING The New York Times July 14, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/15/98565287.pdf THE FORTY-SIXTH BALLOT The New York Times July 15, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/16/98565478.pdf ANOTHER BALLOT AND NO CHOICE The New York Times July 16, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/17/106236511.pdf CONKLING'S RANKS BROKEN; ELECTION OF WARNER MILLER TO SUCCEED PLATT The New York Times July 17, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/19/102752716.pdf TWO FRUITLESS BALLOTS.; LAPHAM WITHIN FIVE VOTES OF AN ELECTION The New York Times July 19, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/20/102752906.pdf STILL STICKING TO CONKLING The New York Times July 20, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/21/102753101.pdf THE UNBROKEN DEAD-LOCK The New York Times July 21, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/22/102753288.pdf THE FIFTY-FOURTH BALLOT The New York Times July 22, 1881 subscription https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1881/07/23/102753493.pdf ROSCOE CONKLING BEATEN; ELDRIDGE G. LAPHAM ELECTED HIS SUCCESSOR The New York Times July 23, 1881 subscription 1881 New York 1881 New York United States Senate New York Category:July 1881 in the United States United States Senate 1881