1872 in science

none 1872 science 1872 The year 1872 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below. Chemistry Robert Chesebrough patents Vaseline in the United StatesU.S. Patent 127,568. Eugen Baumann rediscovers polyvinyl chloride Charles-Adolphe Wurtz discovers the aldol reaction Conservation March 1 – Yellowstone National Park is established in the United States, the world's first national parkYellowstone, the First National Park http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gmdhtml/yehtml/yeabout.html 16 June 2011 https://web.archive.org/web/20110629122651/http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gmdhtml/yehtml/yeabout.html 29 June 2011 dead U.S. Statutes at Large, Vol. 17, Chap. 24, pp. 32-33. "An Act to set apart a certain Tract of Land lying near the Head-waters of the Yellowstone River as a public Park." From The Evolution of the Conservation Movement, 1850-1920 collection, Library of Congress. Exploration May 13–September 26 – Benjamin Leigh Smith's 1872 expedition to Jan Mayen and SvalbardCapelotti P. J. 2008 Benjamin Leigh Smith's second Arctic expedition: Svalbard and Jan Mayen, 1872 Polar Record 44 3 255–264 10.1017/S0032247408007444 2008PoRec..44..255C 145350642 December 21 – Challenger expedition: Challenger 1858 sails from Portsmouth in England on the 4-year scientific expedition that lays the foundation for the science of oceanographyRice A. L. Understanding the Oceans: Marine Science in the Wake of HMS Challenger London Routledge 1999 27–48 The Challenger Expedition 978-1-85728-705-9 https://books.google.com/books?id=F5agn3NSzEoC&pg=PA27 8 May 2011 Mathematics Richard Dedekind publishes Stetigkeit und irrationale Zahlen, a theory of irrational numbersTony Crilly 50 Mathematical Ideas you really need to know London Quercus 2007 978-1-84724-008-8 Felix Klein produces the Erlangen program on geometries Medicine February 15 – George Huntington makes the first detailed description of Huntington's disease, in Middleport, OhioHuntington G. On Chorea http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/On_Chorea Medical and Surgical Reporter of Philadelphia 26 15 1872-04-13 317–321Lanska D. J. George Huntington (1850–1916) and hereditary chorea Journal of the History of the Neurosciences 9 1 76–89 2000 11232352 10.1076/0964-704X(200004)9:1;1-2;FT076 22659368Vale Thiago Cardoso Cardoso Francisco Chorea: A journey through history Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements 2015 5 1–6 26056609 10.7916/D8WM1C98 4454991 Moritz Kaposi describes Kaposi's sarcomaMoriz Kaposi Idiopathisches multiples Pigmentsarkom der Haut 1872 Archiv für Dermatologie und Syphilis 4 2 265–73 10.1007/bf01830024 31438763 https://zenodo.org/record/1428352 Translated as: Idiopathic Multiple Pigmented Sarcoma of the Skin CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 32 1982 342–7 10.3322/canjclin.32.6.342 6 Kaposi M. freehttp://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/621.html Moriz Kohn Kaposi Whonamedit? 2011-03-25June 2026 InternetArchiveBot and the manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus Ferdinand Monoyer proposes the dioptre as a unit for measuring the optical power of a lensMonoyer F. Sur l'introduction du système métrique dans le numérotage des verres de lunettes et sur le choix d'une unité de réfraction Annales d'Oculistiques 68 101 1872 Physics Ludwig Boltzmann states the Boltzmann equation for the temporal development of distribution functions in phase space, and publishes his H-theoremEncyclopaedia of Physics 2nd 1991 Technology April 1 – English hangman William Marwood first uses his technique of the long drop (on uxoricide William Frederick Horry at Lincoln Castle)Marwood, William George Clement Boase George Clement Boase 36 April 2 – George Brayton obtains a United States patent for a constant pressure internal combustion engine, initially using vaporized gas, and marketed as 'Brayton's Ready Motor'Improvement in Gas-Engines (Patent no. 125166).Borth Christy Masters of Mass Production 152 Bobbs-Merrill Indianapolis 1945 John Hopkinson proposes the group flash system for distinguishing lighthousesT. H. Beare Hopkinson, John (1849–1898) 2004 http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/13758 2011-06-02 10.1093/ref:odnb/13758 Reverend C. M. Ramus of Sussex, England, devises the single-step hydroplane hullThe Evolution of the Hydroplane http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1914/1914%20-%200796.html Flight 6 796 1914-07-24 2012-01-09 Institutions October 1 – the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College begins its first academic session The Polytechnic Museum in Moscow is foundedPolytechnic Museum http://eng.polymus.ru/?s=18&lvl=1 History 2014-05-16 2016-03-03 https://web.archive.org/web/20160303172829/http://eng.polymus.ru/?s=18&lvl=1 dead Publications May – the magazine Popular Science is first published in the United States Charles Darwin publishes The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals Awards Copley Medal: Friedrich WoehlerCopley Medal British scientific award https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal Encyclopedia Britannica 23 July 2020 en Wollaston Medal for geology: James Dwight Dana Births April 5 – Samuel Cate Prescott (died 1962), American food scientist and microbiologist April 21 - Charles Gandy (died 1943), French physician. May 6 – Willem de Sitter (died 1934), Dutch mathematician, physicist and astronomer May 21 – Henry E. Warren (died 1957), American inventor May 31 – Charles Greeley Abbot (died 1973), American astrophysicist August 1 – Solomon Carter Fuller (died 1953), Liberian-born psychiatrist September 23 – Marie Depage (died in sinking of the RMS Lusitania 1915), Belgian nurse October 4 – Ernest Fourneau (died 1949), French medicinal chemist Deaths March 8 – Priscilla Susan Bury (born 1799), English botanistBernard Lightman Dictionary Of Nineteenth-Century of British Scientists Vol.1 Bristol Thoemmes 2004 356 978-1-85506-999-2 April 2 – Samuel Morse (born 1791), American inventor May 6 – George Robert Gray (born 1808), English zoologist August 11 – Sir Andrew Smith (born 1797), Scottish-born military surgeon, explorer, ethnologist and zoologist August 22 – Pierre Charles Alexandre Louis (born 1787), French physician November 7 – Alfred Clebsch (born 1833), German mathematician December 6 – Félix Archimède Pouchet (born 1800), French scientist December 24 – William John Macquorn Rankine (born 1820), Scottish physicist Anne Elizabeth Ball (born 1808), Irish psychologist References Category:19th century in science Category:1870s in science