1897 in science

none 1897 science 1897 The year 1897 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below. thumb|300px|Turbinia photographed by Alfred J. West Chemistry April 30 – J. J. Thomson first describes his discovery of the electron, in England.Joseph John "J. J." Thomson https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/joseph-john-j-j-thomson Science History Institute 20 March 2018Bowden Mary Ellen Chemical achievers : the human face of the chemical sciences https://archive.org/details/chemicalachiever0000bowd registration 1997 Chemical Heritage Foundation Philadelphia, PA 9780941901123 Joseph John Thomson 67-69 Earth sciences June 12 – 1897 Assam earthquake of magnitude of 8.0 rocks Assam, India, killing over 1,500 people. History of science and technology Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld publishes Periplus: An Essay on the Early History of Charts and Sailing Directions in Stockholm. Boulton and Watt's Smethwick Engine of 1779 (superseded 1892) is dismantled for preservation by the Birmingham Canal Navigations company, initially at its Ocker Hill depot in the West Midlands of England. Mathematics David Hilbert unifies the field of algebraic number theory with his treatise Zahlbericht. John Edward Campbell originates the Baker–Campbell–Hausdorff formula for multiplication of exponentials in Lie algebras.Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society 28 (1897) 381–390, 29 (1898) 14–32. Raoul Bricard investigates and classifies flexible polyhedra, defining the Bricard octahedron.R. Bricard http://www-mathdoc.ujf-grenoble.fr/JMPA/PDF/JMPA_1897_5_3_A5_0.pdf Mémoire sur la théorie de l’octaèdre articulé Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées 3 1897 113–150 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20110717152710/http://www-mathdoc.ujf-grenoble.fr/JMPA/PDF/JMPA_1897_5_3_A5_0.pdf 2011-07-17 Henri Brocard begins publication of his source book on geometric curves, Notes de Bibliographie des Courbes Géométriques, in Bar-le-Duc.3610034 Laura Guggenbuhl Laura Guggenbühl Henri Brocard and the Geometry of the Triangle The Mathematical Gazette London Mathematical Association 37 322 December 1953 241–243Maria do Céu Silva António Leal Duarte Carlos Correia de Sá Gallery: Francisco Gomes Teixeira CIM Bulletin Centro Internacional de Matemática 16 http://at.yorku.ca/i/a/a/h/61.dir/number16.htm 2012-01-25 June 2004 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20110716134701/https://at.yorku.ca/i/a/a/h/61.dir/number16.htm 2011-07-16 Felix Bernstein, Ernst Schröder and (for a second time) Richard Dedekind independently discover proofs of the Schröder–Bernstein theorem in set theory.Deiser Oliver 2010 Einführung in die Mengenlehre – Die Mengenlehre Georg Cantors und ihre Axiomatisierung durch Ernst Zermelo 3rd, corrected Springer Berlin; Heidelberg 978-3-642-01444-4 10.1007/978-3-642-01445-1 Springer-Lehrbuch 71, 501Suppes Patrick Patrick Suppes 1972 Axiomatic Set Theory Dover Publications New York 978-0-486-61630-8 95 f https://archive.org/details/axiomaticsettheo00supp_0/page/95 registration Physiology, medicine and pharmacology May 6 – John Jacob Abel announces the successful isolation of epinephrine (adrenaline) in a paper read before the Association of American Physicians.Abel John J. Crawford Albert C. July 1897 On the Blood-Pressure-Raising Constituent of the Suprarenal Capsule https://archive.org/details/onbloodpressure00crawgoog Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital 151 Internet Archive August 10 – History of aspirin: At the German Bayer chemical and dyestuffs company, pharmacist Felix Hoffmann successfully synthesizes acetylsalicylic acid, a synthetically altered version of salicin, as a less-irritating replacement for standard common salicylate medicines, after isolating a compound from a plant of the Spiraea family; the company markets it under the brand name 'Aspirin'.Diarmuid Jeffreys Aspirin: The Remarkable Story of a Wonder Drug https://archive.org/details/aspirinremarkabl00jeff registration London Bloomsbury 2005 70 August 20 – Ronald Ross discovers the malaria Plasmodium in an Anopheles mosquito, demonstrating the transmission mechanism for the disease.https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/history/ross.html Ross and the Discovery that Mosquitoes Transmit Malaria Parasites Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2010 2011-06-14 Danish veterinarian Bernhard Bang isolates Brucella abortus as the agent of Brucellosis. L. Emmett Holt publishes the standard textbook The Diseases of Infancy and Childhood in New York. Charles Sherrington introduces the term 'synapse'. Psychology Émile Durkheim publishes his classic study Le Suicide. Technology January 22 – The word computer is first used to refer to a mechanical calculation device, in this date's issue of the journal Engineering.Oxford English Dictionary. Lisa McCoy Computers and Programming https://archive.org/details/computersprogram0000mcco registration Infobase Publishing 2010 1 May 11 – A patent is awarded for the invention of the first automotive muffler, with the granting by the U.S. Patent Office of application number 582,485 to Milton Reeves and his brother Marshall T. Reeves, of the Reeves Pulley Company of Columbus, Indiana."Exhaust Muffler for Engines"; QRZ News, September 2014 https://web.archive.org/web/20150717014931/http://www.k3ir.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/QRZnewsSep2014.pdf 2015-07-17 May 13 – Guglielmo Marconi sends the first ever wireless communication over open sea when the message "Are you ready" is transmitted across the Bristol Channel from Lavernock Point in South Wales to Flat Holm Island, a distance of 6 km mi.BBC Wales http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/historyhunters/locations/pages/3_1_flatholm.shtml Marconi's Waves https://web.archive.org/web/20070120163444/http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/historyhunters/locations/pages/3_1_flatholm.shtml 2007-01-20 dead May 17 – Launch of the Holland VI (later Holland SS-1), designed by John Philip Holland, at Lewis Nixon's Crescent Shipyard in Elizabeth, New Jersey; this is the first submarine having power to run submerged for any considerable distance, and the first to combine electric motors for submerged travel and gasoline (Otto) engines for use on the surface. June 26 – At the British Fleet Review, Charles Parsons gives a spectacular display of the unprecedented speed attainable by his steam turbine-powered Turbinia.Phil Russell http://www.btinternet.com/~philipr/Parsons.htm Navies in Transition Sir Charles Algernon Parsons (1854-1931) 1999 2010-09-09 https://web.archive.org/web/20100113095736/http://www.btinternet.com/~philipr/Parsons.htm 2010-01-13 dead August 10 – Rudolf Diesel demonstrates his first commercially successful Diesel engine in Augsburg. August 31 – Thomas Edison is granted a patent for the Kinetoscope, a precursor of the movie projector. Hiram P. Maxim develops the muffler in conjunction with the firearm silencer (suppressor). The Dahlander pole changing motor is patented. The Daimler Victoria, the world's first meter-equipped (and gasoline-powered) taxicab, is built by Gottlieb Daimler. Awards Copley Medal: Albert von KöllikerCopley Medal British scientific award https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal Encyclopedia Britannica 23 July 2020 en Wollaston Medal: Wilfred Hudleston Births January 1 – Ana Aslan (died 1988), Romanian biologist. February 27 – Bernard Lyot (died 1952), French astronomer. March 24 – Wilhelm Reich (died 1957), Austrian psychoanalyst. May 16 – Zvi Sliternik (died 1993), Israeli entomologist. July 20 – Tadeusz Reichstein (died 1996), Polish-born Nobel Prize-winning chemist.Tadeus Reichstein - Biographical https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1950/reichstein-bio.html www.nobelprize.org 21 February 2018 August 5 – Joan Beauchamp Procter (died 1931), English herpetologist. August 12 – Otto Struve (died 1963), Ukrainian-born astronomer. October 6 – Florence B. Seibert (died 1991), American biochemist. September 1 – Mary Cover Jones (died 1987), American behavioral therapist. September 12 – Irène Joliot-Curie (died 1956), French chemist. November 4 – C. B. van Niel (died 1985), Dutch-born microbiologist. November 13 – Tilly Edinger (died 1967), German-born paleoneurologist. December 22 – Vojtěch Jarník (died 1970), Czech mathematician. Deaths January 25 – David Kirkaldy (born 1820), Scottish-born engineer, pioneer of materials testing. February 7 – Galileo Ferraris, Italian physicist and engineer (born 1847)Alta frequenza Associazione elettrotecnica italiana 1978 531-2 February 19 – Karl Weierstrass (born 1815), German mathematician. March 15 – James Joseph Sylvester (born 1814), English mathematician. April 12 – Edward Drinker Cope (born 1840), American paleontologist. May 6 Edward James Stone (born 1831), English astronomer. Alfred Des Cloizeaux (born 1817), French mineralogist. May 7 – Abraham Dee Bartlett (born 1812), English zoologist. August 27 – Eduard von Hofmann (born 1837), Austrian forensic pathologist. October 19 – George Pullman (born 1831), American inventor. October 31 – Samuel Haughton (born 1821), Irish scientific polymath. November 1 – Peter Bellinger Brodie (born 1815), English geologist and clergyman. November 14 – Thomas W. Evans (born 1823), American-born dentist.Johnson Rossiter Brown John Howard The Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans The Biographical Society 4 Boston, MA 1904 Thomas William Evans https://books.google.com/books?id=Q1IDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PT25#PPT24,M1 2009-06-12. References Category:19th century in science Category:1890s in science