1076

December 2024 1076 1076 upright=1.35|thumb|Bolesław II the Bold, King of Poland Year 1076 (MLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe January 24 – Synod of Worms: Emperor Henry IV, holds a synod in Worms (modern Germany). The assembly declares Pope Gregory VII deposed, and the bishops abandon their allegiance to him. February 22 – Gregory VII pronounces a sentence of excommunication against Henry IV at Rome. He is excluded from the Catholic Church, and all the bishops named by Henry are excommunicated. Summer – Dirk V, count of Holland, re-conquers West Frisia (modern Netherlands) from the Archdiocese of Utrecht. He besieges Bishop Conrad at the castle of IJsselmonde, taking him prisoner. October 8 – Demetrius Zvonimir is crowned as king of Croatia in Solin (near Split), in the Basilica of Saint Peter and Moses (known later as the Hollow Church) by a representative of Gregory VII. December 13 – Norman conquest of southern Italy: Italo-Norman forces under Robert Guiscard de Hauteville and Richard I of Capua, conquer the fortress city of Salerno after a short siege. December 26 – Bolesław II the Bold (or "the Generous") is crowned as King of Poland by Archbishop Bogumił in Gniezno Cathedral. Bolesław supports Gregory VII in his conflict against Henry IV. England May 31 – Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria, a participant in the Revolt of the Earls against King William the Conqueror, is beheaded near Winchester. November 1 – A frost begins that lasts until April 1077.Agricultural Records Stratton J.M. John Baker 1969 0-212-97022-4 Approximate date – The Trial of Penenden Heath is held, with an important ruling regarding land rights subsequent to the Norman Conquest. Africa Approximate date – Koumbi Saleh, an important mercantile and political center of the Ghana Empire (modern Mauritania), is besieged by the Almoravids. Asia Vikramaditya VI deposes his older brother Someshvara II to become king of the Western Chalukya Empire (modern India). By topic Literature Anselm of Aosta, an Italian Benedictine abbot, completes his Monologion at the request of his fellow monks. Religion Demetrius Zvonimir donates the Benedictine monastery of St. Gregory in Vrana to Gregory VII. Births June 1 – Mstislav I "the Great"), Grand Prince of Kiev (d. 1132) Fujiwara no Sadazane, Japanese calligrapher (d. 1120) Urban (or Gwrgan), bishop of Llandaff (d. 1134) Approximate date Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi, Moorish scholar and judge (d. 1148) Hualani, Hawaiian queen and regent Deaths February 26 or 27 – Godfrey the Hunchback, duke of Lower Lorraine March 18 – Ermengarde of Anjou, duchess of Burgundy March 21 – Robert I ("the Old"), duke of Burgundy (b. 1011) April 18 – Beatrice of Bar, French duchess and regent April 28 – Sweyn II Estridsson, king of Denmark May 8 – Nasr ibn Mahmud, Mirdasid emir of Aleppo May 26 – Ramon Berenguer I, count of Barcelona (b. 1023) May 31 – Waltheof, earl of Northumbria (executed) June 4 – Sancho IV, king of Pamplona (or Navarre) July 15 – Arnost (or Arnošt), bishop of Rochester Ramihrdus of Cambrai, French heretic priest and martyr (or 1077) William Busac, French nobleman (jure uxoris) (b. 1020) References