1994 Nepalese general election

none October 2019 2nd House of Representatives (Nepal) 3rd House of Representatives (Nepal) 34.47% 5.03pp Nepali Congress 110 83 27 2,545,287 Prime Minister Prime Minister after election 130x130px Girija Prasad Koirala (cropped).jpg Girija Prasad Koirala Nepali Congress Man Mohan Adhikari Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) 61.86% Girija Prasad Koirala 31.86% parliamentary 1999 no 15 November 1994 Nepal 1991 Nepalese general election 1991 1999 Nepalese general election All 205 seats in the House of Representatives 103 2,352,601 2.59pp ManMohanAdhikari.jpg Man Mohan Adhikari Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) 69 88 19 Surya Bahadur Thapa 18.51% 6.01pp 1,367,148 20 16 Rastriya Prajatantra Party 4 Surya bahadur thapa (cropped).png 1994 Nepalese general election - Results by constituency.svg Results by constituency General elections were held in Nepal on 15 November 1994 to elect the House of Representatives. The election took place after the Nepali Congress government collapsed and King Birenda called new elections. The results showed that the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) won the most seats in the House of Representatives and Man Mohan Adhikari became Prime Minister at the head of a minority government. Background King Birenda agreed to introduce democracy in 1990 and to become a constitutional monarch after increasing protests by the 1990 People's Movement. https://www.nytimes.com/1990/11/11/world/nepal-s-king-gives-way-to-multiparty-democracy.html Nepal's King Gives Way to Multiparty Democracy 11 November 1990 The New York Times The 1991 multi-party elections saw the Nepali Congress party win a majority with 112 of the 205 seats. Nepal: Where Lenin Lives On The Economist 37 25 April 1992 Girija Prasad Koirala was chosen by the Nepali Congress as their leader in parliament and was appointed Prime Minister. http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2386_91.htm NEPAL: parliamentary elections Pratindhi Sabha, 1991 21 May 2009 Inter-Parliamentary Union By 1994 the economic situation in Nepal had worsened and the opposition accused the government of being corrupt. Christopher Thomas Nepal in turmoil as experiment with democracy turns sour The Times 41 12 July 1994 Divisions had also arisen within the Nepali Congress after Prime Minister Koirala was accused of helping to ensure that the president of the Nepali Congress, Krishna Prasad Bhattarai, was defeated in a by-election in February 1994. These divisions led to 36 Nepali Congress members of parliament abstaining from a parliamentary vote in July 1994 leading to the government losing the vote. As a result, Koirala offered his resignation as Prime Minister and King Birenda dissolved parliament with new elections called for 13 November. Koirala stayed on as caretaker Prime Minister until the election. Nepal: The king and them The Economist 34 16 July 1994 Campaign The election saw 1,500 candidates spread over 24 parties competing for the 205 seats in the House of Representatives. http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2386_94.htm NEPAL: parliamentary elections Pratindhi Sabha, 1994 21 May 2009 Inter-Parliamentary Union The leading two parties in the election were the governing Nepali Congress and the main opposition party, the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist). The Nepali Congress called on voters to stick with their party and not to entrust power to a Communist party they accused of being irresponsible. Nepal: Not very royal The Economist 37 19 November 1994 The Communist party called for land reform to break up large landholdings and give land to landless Nepalese peasants. Nelson Graves Communists pledge land reform as they get set for power The Guardian 19 November 1994 Other pledges made by the party included running water and electricity for all voters and for each village to have at least one television. Caroline Lees Nepal turns to Lenin and TV The Sunday Times 20 November 1994 While the party called for foreign investment to be somewhat restricted and for privatisations to be limited, they also stressed that they believed in a mixed economy and did not support nationalisation. They accused the Nepali Congress government of having been incompetent and corrupt and said that a change in government was required. On election day itself there was some violence resulting in one death and another 15 people being injured. News in brief: Nepal poll violence The Guardian 16 November 1994 124 international election monitors observed the election and new polls were ordered in 31 constituencies where violence had occurred. Results The results saw the Nepali Congress party lose their majority in parliament and the Communist party became the largest group in the House. Communists win The Guardian 23 November 1994 However no party won the 103 seats required for a majority on their own. https://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/24/world/communists-plan-to-form-government-in-nepal.html Communists Plan to Form Government in Nepal 22 May 2009 24 November 1994 The New York Times John F. Burns The pro-monarchy party, the Rastriya Prajatantra Party, made significant gains winning 20 seats up from the 4 they had won in the previous election. Christopher Thomas Nepal in chaos after Communist 'victory' The Times 26 November 1994 Voter turnout was 58% a decline from 60% of those who had voted in the previous election in 1991. File:Nepal PratinidhiSabha 1994.svg Nepali Congress 2545287 83 –27 Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) 2352601 88 +19 Rastriya Prajatantra Party 1367148 20 +16 Nepal Sadbhavana Party 265847 3 –3 United People's Front of Nepal 100285 0 –9 Rastriya Janamukti Party 79996 0 0 Nepal Workers Peasants Party 75072 4 +2 Nepal Janabadi Morcha 32732 0 New Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist) 29571 0 New Communist Party of Nepal (United) 29273 0 New Nepali Congress (Bisheswar) Party 12571 0 New Rashtriya Janata Parishad 8931 0 New Janabadi Morcha (Nepal) 3681 0 0 Prajatantrik Lok Dal 3082 0 New Nepal Praja Parishad 1832 0 New Rashtriya Janata Party 1525 0 0 United Peoples Party 1346 0 New Nepali Congress (B.P.) 840 0 New Nepali Congress (Subarna) 484 0 New Janata Dal (Samajbadi Prajatantrik) 404 0 0 Samyukta Prajatantra Party 218 0 New Nepal Janahit Party 156 0 New Radical Nepali Congress 53 0 New Liberal Democratic Party 18 0 New Independents 471324 7 +4 0 241071 12327329 Nohlen et al.,Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I, p635 0-19-924958-X Nepal Research Aftermath Following the election the Communist party elected Man Mohan Adhikari as leader of the party in parliament and he attempted to form a minority government. Nepal victors choose leader The Guardian 24 November 1994 King Birendra asked both the Communists and the Nepali Congress party to explain to him why they should be allowed to form the government and then he would make a decision on who should be appointed Prime Minister. The Nepali Congress attempted to form a deal with smaller parties including the Rastriya Prajatantra Party in order to try to stay in power. However this was unsuccessful and Adhikari became Prime Minister at the head of a minority Communist government. John Rettie Communist poll winners take office in Nepal The Guardian 2 December 1994 They therefore became the first elected communist government in a constitutional monarchy anywhere in the world and the first communist government in Asia to come into power democratically. https://www.nytimes.com/1994/12/06/world/in-nepal-communists-take-power-but-very-cautiously.html In Nepal, Communists Take Power, but Very Cautiously 22 May 2009 6 December 1994 The New York Times John F. Burns See also Adhikari cabinet, 1994 3rd House of Representatives (Nepal) References External links Winners and runner-ups in the legislative elections of Nepal 1994 and 1999 Category:General elections in Nepal General Nepal Nepal