1993 Polish parliamentary election

none October 2023 Poland parliamentary 1991 Polish parliamentary election 1991 1997 Polish parliamentary election 1997 yes 1993 09 19 Opinion polling for the 1993 Polish parliamentary election 27,655,495 yes Sejm legislative All 460 seats in the Sejm 231 14,415,586 (52.13%) 8.93pp center Aleksander Kwaśniewski in Strasbourg, 1998.jpg 285 120 150 6 81 Aleksander Kwaśniewski 30 January 1990 Democratic Left Alliance (Poland) Warsaw 11.9%, 60 seats 171 111 2,815,169 20.4% 8.4 pp Waldemar Pawlak 1994.jpg 135 120 150 0 8 Waldemar Pawlak 29 June 1991 Polish People's Party Płock 8.7%, 48 seats 132 84 2,124,367 15.4% 6.7 pp Tadeusz Mazowiecki 1998.jpg 425 120 150 47 205 Tadeusz Mazowiecki 12 May 1991 Democratic Union (Poland) Poznań 12.3%, 62 seats 74 12 1,460,957 10.6% 1.7 pp Ryszard Bugaj 1997.png 185 120 150 0 34 Ryszard Bugaj 1992 Labour Union (Poland) FF0000 Warsaw Did not exist 41 New 1,005,004 7.3% New Leszek Moczulski 1992.jpg 160 120 150 24 12 Leszek Moczulski 1 September 1979 Confederation for an Independent Poland Kraków 7.5%, 46 seats 22 24 795,487 5.8% 1.7 pp Andrzejgasienicamakowski54.jpg 120 120 150 0 0 Andrzej Gąsienica-Makowski 1993 Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms Nowy Sącz Did not exist 16 New 746,653 5.4% New yes Senate All 100 seats in the Senate 51 yes 14,408,367 (52.10%) 8.90pp Democratic Left Alliance (Poland) 4 37 18.31 Polish People's Party 7 36 11.88 Democratic Union (Poland) 21 4 10.69 Solidarity Citizens' Committee 11 9 9.84 Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms new 2 8.05 Labour Union (Poland) New 2 4.11 Liberal Democratic Congress 6 1 3.99 ZP New 1 2.23 #3c3f55 Peasants' Agreement 5 1 1.05 MN 1 1 0.46 KIK – Polska Federacja Stowarzyszeń Rodzin Katolickich pl SRKBarbara Łękawa pl Barbara Łękawa, the only elected candidate, was seated in the Senate as part of NSZZ "Solidarność" New 1 0.37 #FFE000 NSZZ RI "S" New 1 0.12 #009640 Independents 0 4 4.01 400px Sejm – results by constituency 400px Sejm – results by gmina 400px Senate – results by constituency Government Suchocka cabinet UD—ZChN—KLD—PSL-PL—SLCh—PChD—PPG Second Pawlak Cabinet SLD (SdRP)—PSL Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 19 September 1993. All 460 members of the Sejm and 100 senators of the Senate were elected. The elections were won by the left-wing parties of the Democratic Left Alliance and the Polish People's Party, who formed a coalition government. The coalition was just four seats short of a supermajority. Electoral law Changes to the electoral law adopted in the spring of 1993 made medium and large groups be rewarded as a result of division of seats in the D'Hondt method and electoral thresholds were introduced: 5% for parties, 7% for national lists and 8% for electoral blocs.https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=wdu19930450205 Ustawa z dnia 28 maja 1993 r. Ordynacja wyborcza do Sejmu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej pl System Aktów Prawnych - ISAP 2025-06-03 Campaign The sudden dissolution of the First Term Sejm meant that most parties were not prepared for the election campaign. The previous dispute between the post-Solidarity and post-communist camps gave way to conflicts within the former to a large extent. Under the influence of the divergence of paths between the centrist Solidarity and the right, already visible in the 1991 campaign and intensified in 1993, conflicts within the non-leftist parties gained even more intensity. As a result, the Democratic Union (UD) had to compete for a similar electorate with the Liberal Democratic Congress (KLD). Part of the right (Christian National Union, Conservative Party, Christian-Peasant Party) started in the "Fatherland" bloc, but the rest entered the elections independently, or only coalescing microparties around them: the Centre Agreement – Polish Union (PC-ZP), Peasants' Agreement (PSL-PL), Coalition for the Republic (KdR), Confederation of Independent Poland (KPN), Solidarity ("S"), Real Politics Union (UPR). Further attempts at uniting the right-wing parties failed, and as a consequence, most of them would fall under the 5% threshold.2023-09-19 DMY Szukała Michał 30 lat temu odbyły się drugie w dziejach III RP wybory parlamentarne https://dzieje.pl/wiadomosci/30-lat-temu-odbyly-sie-drugie-w-dziejach-iii-rp-wybory-parlamentarne 2025-06-19 President Lech Wałęsa sponsored the pro-presidential Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms (BBWR) list.Cenckiewicz 2008 90Jędruch 1998 458 Against the background of the internal fighting in the Solidarity camp,Cenckiewicz 2008 94 the united left under the banner of the Democratic Left Alliance (SLD), the Labour Union (UP) and the more centrist Polish People's Party (PSL) appeared to many voters as forces guaranteeing stability. The lack of responsibility for the reforms of 1991-1993, including the closure of many workplaces, the rapidly growing unemployment rate and the drop in living standards, resulted in the gradual gaining of new supporters during the campaign.Baczyński 2009 51-52 While the elections in June 1989 took on the character of a plebiscite on the rejection of the Polish People's Republic, in the accelerated elections of 1993, with a much higher turnout than two years earlier was seen as a referendum on the first years of the systemic transformation took place.Słodkowska 2001 38 During the campaign, the victorious left wing segmented the electoral market, on the one hand emphasizing the threat of perceived Catholic fundamentalist policies such as concordat and strict abortion policy addressing its message to the left-wing electorate, and on the other, playing on the sentiment for the times of the Polish People's Republic for economic stability, it sought rapprochement with those who were not beneficiaries of the changes that followed the collapse of the communist system and expected an alternative in the socio-economic dimension, applying primarily to employees of the public sector and those employed in state-owned industry, including the liquidated State Agricultural Farms.Słodkowska 2001 37 The SLD blamed the doctrinaire and incompetence of the Solidarity teams for the mistakes of the transformation, declaring that it had a program and human resources capable of correcting the direction taken at the beginning of the Third Polish Republic. The PSL called for greater interventionism and protectionism in the economy. It also criticized the ongoing privatization, pointing to the advantages of other forms of ownership, such as cooperatives. Alongside with the SLD, it criticized parties and politicians of Solidarity origin. With its bold social appeal it tried to exploit the skepticism of residents of rural areas and small towns, where there were many dissatisfied with the System transformation in Poland pl Transformacja systemowa w Polsce systemic transformation.Słodkowska 2001 39 The Democratic Union focused mainly to economic issues in its campaign, defending the direction of the changes to date and emphasizing the need for further sacrifices. It emphasized its commitment to the principles of the market economy and presented itself as a responsible, pro-state entity. The PSL was closer to the center-right groups, due to the specificity of its electoral base.Słodkowska 2001 51 The UP emphasized its commitment to the principles of the secular state. The KPN and the BBWR positioned themselves in opposition to both the post-communist camp and the anti-presidential right.Gebethner 1995 58-59 The message of the Centre Agreement – Polish Union and the Coalition for the Republic was almost entirely convergent and mainly concerned demands for breaking with the continuity of the Polish People's Republic in the Third Polish Republic. Politicians of the Fatherland bloc presented themselves as defenders of the conservative values including family values and private property. In turn, the Real Politics Union and the Liberal Democratic Congress called for further liberalization and privatization of the economy. The campaign of Solidarity and the PC-ZP was dominated by nationalistic, but at the same time social message.Gebethner 1995 61-63 Opinion polls Opinion polling for the 1993 Polish parliamentary election Results thumb|Results of the Sejm election, showing vote strength by electoral district. Sejm Because of the introduction of electoral thresholds set at 5% for party lists and 8% for coalitions, 34% of valid votes were wasted.Electoral Systems -- The Systems and Their Consequences. Proportional representation related issues : The Threshold https://aceproject.org/ace-en/topics/es/esd/esd02/esd02e/esd02e02 ACE Electoral Knowledge Network 350px Democratic Left Alliance 8 Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland 1615355 77 +32 All-Poland Alliance of Trade Unions 307536 25 #FC0019 Demokratyczna Unia Kobiet Democratic Union of Women pl 39940 2 #333194 Polish Socialist Party 38015 4 +4 National Party of Retirees and PensionersResults of parties that merged to form the National Party of Retirees and Pensioners in the following months. 7126 0 Polish Socialist Youth Union 6245 1 #DA1A16 Independents and others 800952 62 Independent politician 2815169 171 +111 Polish People's Party 2124367 132 +84 Democratic Union 1460957 74 +12 Labour Union 1005004 41 +36 Catholic ElectoralCommittee "Fatherland" 8 #324DA6 Christian National Union 415865 0 −49 Party of Christian Democrats 145477 0 −4 Christian-Peasant Party 134013 0 −10 #3E9169 Conservative Party 71295 0 New #0000FF Federation of Polish Entrepreneurship 22457 0 −2 Independent politician Rural Solidarity 8967 0 New #009640 Independents and others 80371 0 New Independent politician 878445 0 −65 Confederation ofIndependent Poland 6 Confederation of Independent Poland 392985 11 Solidarność 80 Solidarity 80 pl 21547 0 #EB1729 Polish Ecological Party "The Greens" 18402 0 #008000 Rural Solidarity 5204 0 #009640 Independents and others 357349 11 Independent politician 795487 22 –24 Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms 746653 16 New Solidarity 676334 0 –27 Centre Agreement – Polish Union 609973 0 –44 Liberal Democratic Congress 550578 0 –37 Real Politics Union 438559 0 –3 Lepper's Self-Defence 383967 0 New Party X 377480 0 –3 Coalition for the Republic 10 #BD0934 Movement for the Republic 34494 0 New #BD0934 Party of Polish Democracy 12011 0 −1 Independent politician Rural Solidarity 11561 0 New #009640 Solidarność 80 Solidarity 80 pl 7807 0 New #EB1729 Partia Wolności Freedom Party pl 4709 0 New #153159 Patriotic Forum of Fighting Poland 1362 0 New Independent politician National Party 934 0 0 #0501AD National Party of the Unemployed 602 0 New Independent politician Independents and others 298443 0 New Independent politician 371923 0 New Peasants' Agreement 5 Rural Solidarity 33592 0 #009640 Peasants' Agreement 19452 0 Solidarity 883 0 #EB1729 Independents 273158 0 327085 0 –28 German Minority 6 #1E3254 German Minority of Silesian Opole 60770 3 −4 #1E3254 Towarzystwo Społeczno-Kulturalne Niemców na Śląsku Opolskim Social-Cultural Association of Germans - DFK pl 23396 1 New #3F6AAD Niemiecka Wspólnota „Pojednanie i Przyszłość” German Community "Reconciliation and Future" pl 13776 0 0 #007CC2 German Minority of Częstochowskie Vvs. 10068 0 New #1E3254 German Minority of Olsztyńskie Vvs. 2444 0 New #1E3254 110454 4 –3 Polish Beer-Lovers' Party 3 Polska Partia Zielonych Polish Party of the Greens pl 124 0 0 #008000 Independents 14258 0 –16 14382 0 –16 Local lists and independents 109410 0 0 Independent politician 619359 0 27655495 National Electoral CommissionWybory do Sejmu w 1993 r. https://danewyborcze.kbw.gov.pl/index148f.html?title=Wybory_do_Sejmu_w_1993_r. 2024-11-13 National Electoral Commission pl By constituency No.ConstituencyTotalseatsSeats wonSLDPSLUDUPKPNBBWRMN1Warsaw I17753112Warsaw II8222113Biała Podlaska3124Białystok741115Bielsko-Biała93121116Bydgoszcz1162217Chełm3128Ciechanów4229Częstochowa83211110Elbląg531111Gdańsk1552321212Gorzów Wielkopolski522113Jelenia Góra5211114Kalisz733115Sosnowiec106111116Katowice1761422217Gliwice14413122118Kielce114411119Konin52320Koszalin531121Kraków1332412122Krosno5121123Legnica531124Leszno42225Lublin10441126Łomża41327Łódź1251221128Nowy Sącz71211229Olsztyn8421130Opole103211331Ostrołęka41332Piła531133Piotrków Trybunalski7231134Płock51435Poznań14425336Przemyśl41337Radom8241138Rzeszów7231139Siedlce72540Sieradz41341Skierniewice41342Słupsk421143Suwałki522144Szczecin1041211145Tarnobrzeg623146Tarnów7141147Toruń7321148Wałbrzych8412149Włocławek43150Wrocław1242311151Zamość51452Zielona Góra73211National list692620149Total460171132744122164Source: National Electoral Commission Senate Voters were able to cast as many votes as there were seats available in their constituency.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p. 1487 978-3-8329-5609-7 350px Democratic Left Alliance 4993061 37 +33 Polish People's Party 3238999 36 +29 Democratic Union 2913773 4 –17 Solidarity 2683085 9 –2 Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms 2193970 2 New Confederation of Independent Poland 1646654 0 –4 Labour Union 1121744 2 New Liberal Democratic Congress 1088769 1 –5 Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland 650727 0 New Polish Union 607624 1 New #3c3f55 Christian National Union 486387 0 New Real Politics Union 434657 0 0 Catholic Electoral Committee "Fatherland" 323135 0 –9 #324DA6 Silesian Autonomy Movement 304877 0 New Coalition for the Republic 290361 0 New #BD0934 Peasants' Agreement 285406 1 –4 Democratic Party 218295 0 0 Polish Convention pl Konwencja Polska 156129 0 New #E0B669 Zbigniew Karol Porczyński pl Association of Friends of the John Paul II Museum 155538 0 New #DCDCDC Citizens' Electoral Committee 129961 0 New German Minority 124986 1 0 KIK–Polska Federacja Stowarzyszeń Rodzin Katolickich pl SRKBarbara Łękawa pl Barbara Łękawa, the only elected candidate, was seated in the Senate as part of NSZZ "Solidarność" 99737 1 New #FFE000 Service to the ChildThe two candidates, Maria Hrabowska pl Maria Hrabowska in Gdańsk and Ryszard Pacławski in Krosno were both leaders of the Polish Scouting and Guiding Association 90790 0 #DCDCDC Party of Christian Democrats 81029 0 Polish Beer-Lovers' Party 77365 0 Kashubian–Pomeranian Association 75038 0 #FFF500 Patriotic Forum of Fighting PolandPart of the Coalition for the Republic 63752 0 #BD0934 KIK Lublin pl Club of Catholic Intelligentsia – LublinUnaffiliated with the other KIK circles. 60935 0 #FFE000 Orthodox Electoral Committee 51815 0 #cba854 Polish Federation of Engineering Associations 46131 0 #0155B5 Social Movement for the Region and Poland 37984 0 Polish Aid Council 37780 0 Fatherland – Polish List 37055 0 #EA7292 Disabled People Live Among Us 35150 0 #DCDCDC Rural SolidarityIndependent Self-Governing Trade Union of Individual Farmers "Solidarity" pl Niezależny Samorządny Związek Zawodowy Rolników Indywidualnych "Solidarność" 33682 1 #009640 Party X 33223 0 0 PIAST 31187 0 #60914B Rural Solidaritypl "Rolnicza Solidarność", unaffiliated with Independent Self-Governing Trade Union of Individual Farmers "Solidarity" 27362 0 #AEDD66 Christian-Peasant PartyPart of the Catholic Electoral Committee "Fatherland" 27137 0 #3E9169 Polish Dignity 22348 0 Defense of Working People 22137 0 People not Parties 20086 0 District Council of Nurses and Midwives 19189 0 TEMIDA Lawyers' Association 18079 0 #DCDCDC Experience-Expertise-Prudence 17083 0 Health–Knowledge–Success 16835 0 About Polish Farming 16230 0 For the Health of Poles 15605 0 Tadeusz Mieczkowski pl Tadeusz Mieczkowski (działacz sportowy) TKKFKŻAK 15407 0 #CE6173 National Committee of VotersNational Party: Maciej Giertych, Andrzej Fedorowicz 15406 0 #CEE3EE Help for the Victims and the Needy 15256 0 Alliance of Christian Groups 13350 0 Woman Poland and Independence 12762 0 Polish Greens Party pl Polska Partia Zielonych 12631 0 #006C54 Catholic Society for the Service of Children 11880 0 Polish Socialist Party 10985 0 Union of Poles in Poland 10705 0 National PartyNational Party: Eugeniusz Grzejdniak 10235 0 #CEE3EE Conservative Party 10231 0 blue Polish Ecological Union 10157 0 #006C54 Civic Forum 9892 0 White and Red 9524 0 #DC143C For Political and Economic Order 9063 0 Regional Electoral Initiative 8306 0 FAMILY 8273 0 Association of Sybiraks pl Związek Sybiraków 6798 0 #859E62 Catholic Justice Action "Equality" 4856 0 Local lists 696354 0 Independents IndependentsHenryk Stokłosa, Elżbieta Solska pl Elżbieta Solska, Jerzy Madej pl Jerzy Madej, Aleksander Gawronik 1198999 4 +4 Independents 13985535 422832 0 27655495 Prawo By voivodeship VoivodeshipTotal seatsSeats wonSLDPSLKO "S"UDBBWRKLDOthersBiała Podlaska22Białystok211Bielsko211Bydgoszcz22Chełm211Ciechanów211Częstochowa211Elbląg211Gdańsk211Gorzów211Jelenia Góra22Kalisz22Katowice3111Kielce211Konin22Koszalin211Kraków211Krosno211Legnica211Leszno22Lublin211Łomża211Łódź211Nowy Sącz211Olsztyn211Opole211Ostrołęka211Piła211Piotrków211Płock22Poznań211Przemyśl211Radom211Rzeszów211Siedlce22Sieradz22Skierniewice22Słupsk211Suwałki211Szczecin22Tarnobrzeg22Tarnów211Toruń211Wałbrzych22Warsaw3111Włocławek22Wrocław22Zamość22Zielona Góra211 Total 10037361042110Source: National Electoral Commission Notes References Citations Bibliography Leszek Balcerowicz 800 dni Jerzy Baczyński POLITYKA Spółdzielnia Pracy 2009 9788362148158 pl Sprawa Lecha Wałęsy Sławomir Cenckiewicz Wydawnictwo IPN pl 2008 9788375062427 Gebethner Stanisław Wybory parlamentarne 1991 i 1993 a polska scena polityczna pl Wydawnictwo Sejmowe 1995 8370591930 Jacek Jędruch Constitutions, Elections, and Legislatures of Poland, 1493-1993: A Guide to Their History Hippocrene Books 1998 978-0781806374 NY Inka Słodkowska Wybory 1993. Partie i ich programy Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN pl 2001 83-88490-21-4 Obwieszczenie Państwowej Komisji Wyborczej z dn. 23 IX 1993 r., Monitor Polski. Nr 50, poz. 470, sprostowanie – M.P. z 1994 r., Nr 2, poz. 8 Obwieszczenie PKW z dn. 23 IX 1993 r., M.P. Nr 50, poz. 471; sprostowanie – M.P. z 1994 r., Nr 2, poz. 8 Poland Category:Parliamentary elections in Poland Category:History of Poland (1989–present) Parliamentary Poland