14th Pennsylvania Cavalry Regiment

14th Pennsylvania Cavalry in the American Civil War 1862–1865 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry Regiment File:Pennsylvania State Flag 1863 pubdomain.jpg blue flag with two white horses surrounded by white stars State flag of Pennsylvania, c. 1863 November 23, 1862, to August 24, 1865 United States Union (American Civil War) UnionPennsylvania 23px Pennsylvania Union Army Cavalry Regiment American Civil War 1863: Battle of White Sulphur Springs, Battle of Droop Mountain 1864: Battle of Cove Mountain, Battle of Lynchburg, Second Battle of Kernstown, Battle of Moorefield, Third Battle of Winchester, Battle of Fisher's Hill, Battle of Cedar Creek, Action at Nineveh James M. Schoonmaker Colonel William Blakeley Lt. Col Thomas Gibson Major John M. Daily Major Shadrack Foley Major Ashbell F. Duncan Captain The 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry Regiment (also known as the 159th Pennsylvania Volunteers) was a cavalry regiment of the Union Army during the American Civil War. Most of its fighting happened in the last half of 1863 and full year 1864. The regiment fought mainly in West Virginia and Virginia, often as part of a brigade or division commanded by Brigadier General William W. Averell and later Brigadier General William Powell. The regiment was organized near Pittsburgh between August and November 1862. With the exception of one company from the Philadelphia area, its recruits were from western Pennsylvania. The regiment's original commander, Colonel James M. Schoonmaker, was one of the youngest regimental commanders in the Union Army at 20 years old. Pittsburgh attorney William Blakeley was the regiment's original lieutenant colonel. The regiment saw significant action at the Battle of White Sulphur Springs, Battle of Droop Mountain, Battle of Moorefield, and the Third Battle of Winchester. The regiment had two officers and 97 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, while disease killed 296 enlisted men. The three original majors were Thomas Gibson, Shadrack Foley, and John M. Daily. Captain Thomas R. Kerr won the Medal of Honor for capturing a regimental flag at Moorefield where he was an advance scout, while Schoonmaker received the same award for action at the Third Battle of Winchester. Formation and organization Pennsylvania in the American Civil War James M. Schoonmaker, of Pittsburgh, began recruiting during August 1862. At the time, he was a lieutenant in the Union's 1st Maryland Cavalry Regiment.Bates 1869 851 During recruiting, newspapers sometimes referred to Schoonmaker's cavalry as the "Stanton Cavalry".Stanton Cavalry! Pittsburgh Daily Pittsburgh Gazette 2 August 23, 1862 With the exception of Philadelphia's CompanyA, recruiting was conducted in western Pennsylvania. The men were mustered into service from August 21 through November 4, 1862, for three years.[Unlisted] 1908 470; Slease Gancas 1999 16–17 The regiment was mustered into service on November 23, 1862, as the 14th Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry.Slease Gancas 1999 16 In Pennsylvania, the regiment was also known as the One Hundred and Fifty-Ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers, since it was the 159th regiment of any branch raised in Pennsylvania.Guide to Civil War Holdings of the Pennsylvania State Archives (p.44) Pennsylvania State Archives https://www.pa.gov/content/dam/copapwp-pagov/en/phmc/documents/archives/documents/militarycivilwarresearchguide.pdf March 23, 2026; Union Pennsylvania Volunteers - 14th Regiment, Pennsylvania Cavalry (159th Volunteers) U.S. National Park Service https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-battle-units-detail.htm?battleUnitCode=UPA0014RC March 23, 2026 Original leadership was Schoonmaker as Colonel and William H. Blakeley as lieutenant colonel.The spelling of Lieutenant Colonel William H. Blakeley's surname used herein is "Blakeley", which matches the spelling in his 1899 obituary and additional sources.Breck 1899 137; Bates 1869 851; Soldier Details - Blakeley, William National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-soldiers-detail.htm?soldierId=16331C83-DC7A-DF11-BF36-B8AC6F5D926A June 28, 2021 June 28, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210628173908/https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-soldiers-detail.htm?soldierId=16331C83-DC7A-DF11-BF36-B8AC6F5D926A live Other sources, including the regimental historian and Averell, have spelled it as "Blakely".Slease Gancas 1999 16; Averell 1890b 926 Note Thomas Gibson, Shadrack Foley, and John M. Daily were majors commanding the First, Second, and Third battalions, respectively. Schoonmaker was only 20 years and four months old at the time, making him one of the youngest regiment commanders in the Union Army.Slease Gancas 1999 18 The regiment spent time at Camp Howe and Camp Montgomery, near Pittsburgh, before moving to Hagerstown, Maryland on November 24, where it received horses, arms, and equipment. On December 28, the regiment moved to Harper's Ferry, Virginia, where it was assigned picket and reconnaissance (scouting) duty.[Unlisted] 1908 470 Early action thumb|upright=0.5|right|Col. Schoonmaker|alt=young American civil war officer with mustache On May 7, 1863, a detachment of unmounted men was left in Harper's Ferry under the command of Major Foley, while the remaining portion of the regiment joined the 4th Separate Brigade of the VIII Army Corps at Grafton, Virginia (now West Virginia). In addition to protecting the B&O Railroad terminal at Grafton, the regiment also protected nearby communities such as Philippi, Beverly and Webster.Grafton, West Virginia - Our History City of Grafton https://www.graftonwv.org/our-history/ May 15, 2021 May 15, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210515165420/https://www.graftonwv.org/our-history/ live; Whisonant 2015 157; Union Pennsylvania Volunteers - 14th Regiment, Pennsylvania Cavalry (159th Volunteers) National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-battle-units-detail.htm?battleUnitCode=UPA0014RC May 15, 2021 May 14, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210514150826/https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-battle-units-detail.htm?battleUnitCode=UPA0014RC live On May 23, Brigadier General William W. Averell took command of the brigade, which consisted of one cavalry regiment, three mounted infantry regiments, two infantry regiments, a cavalry battalion, and two batteries.Averell 1889 209Averell's brigade consisted of the following regiments: 10th West Virginia Infantry, 28th Ohio Infantry, 2nd West Virginia Mounted Infantry, 3rd West Virginia Mounted Infantry, 8th West Virginia Mounted Infantry, and the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry. Other units were CompanyA of the 1st West Virginia Cavalry, CompanyC of the 3rd West Virginia Cavalry, 3rd Independent Company Ohio Cavalry, CompanyC of the 16th Illinois Cavalry, Battery B of the 1st West Virginia Artillery (six guns), and Battery G of the 1st West Virginia Artillery (four guns). Note Early in the morning on July 3, Major Gibson led two squadrons of the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry as they rescued an infantry regiment near Beverly.From the Tenth Va. Regiment -- Bill Jackson's Attack on Beverly (p.2 col.3) https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026845/1863-07-17/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1863&index=7&rows=20&words=Beverly&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=West+Virginia&date2=1863&proxtext=Beverly&y=15&x=14&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1 Wheeling Daily Intelligencer (from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress) July 17, 1863 July 13, 2021 May 16, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210516191759/https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026845/1863-07-17/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1863&index=7&rows=20&words=Beverly&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=West+Virginia&date2=1863&proxtext=Beverly&y=15&x=14&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1 live; Slease Gancas 1999 83–84 The regiment took part in the pursuit of Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia as it was retreating from Pennsylvania to Virginia after the Battle of Gettysburg. On July 4, Major Foley led a force of 300 men (including men from the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry and other regiments) that burned a bridge over the Potomac River and captured enemy soldiers.Wittenberg Petruzzi Nugent 2008 160 On July 13, Colonel Schoonmaker led most of the regiment as it was involved with capturing one of Lee's supply trains and several hundred prisoners.Slease Gancas 1999 85–86 Foley's detachment rejoined the regiment shortly after July 15. Averell's raids in 1863 and 1864 Lewisburg and the law books Battle of White Sulphur Springs thumb|upright=1.75|right|Union Army plan|alt=map showing western Virginia with Union and Confederate positions and two railroads Averell received new orders, dated August 12, to retrieve law books from Lewisburg and attack several targets at points in between.Wittenberg 2011 38–39 Significant fighting began on the morning of August 26 west of White Sulphur Springs when Averell's advance guard was intercepted by Confederate troops.Averell 1890 34–35 A soldier from another regiment wrote that during the battle the 14th Pennsylvania "made one of the most daring charges of the war, not only facing a murderous storm of leaden hail from the front but also, to their surprise, received an enfilading fire along their flank from a large body of infantry concealed in a cornfield...."Reader 1890 205 The charge was led by Colonel Schoonmaker and Captain John Bird from CompanyG. Bird was wounded, captured, and eventually taken to Libby Prison.Slease Gancas 1999 54 Schoonmaker's horse was shot but he escaped on a dead soldier's horse.Slease Gancas 1999 91 Over 100 men from the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry were killed, wounded, or captured in the battle—nearly half of all Union casualties.Averell 1890 41 Fighting ended by the morning of the next day as both sides were almost out of ammunition. The battle became known as the Battle of White Sulphur Springs, and Averell was prevented from reaching Lewisburg.Wittenberg 2011 101, 107–108, 124 Lewisburg and the railroad Battle of Droop Mountain thumb|upright=1.5|right|Schoonmaker and the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry, with most of the artillery, occupied the main road to Droop Mountain|alt=map showing troop positions On October 23, Averell was ordered to capture, or drive away, a Confederate force stationed near Lewisburg in Greenbrier County, West Virginia. After Lewisburg, Averell was to attack the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad near Dublin Station.Kelley 1890 499–502 Averell departed on November 1, and his force was intercepted before it could get to Lewisburg.Lowry 1996 61, 95 At Droop Mountain on the November 6, Schoonmaker commanded a portion of Averell's force that included the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry and most of the artillery. They created a diversion that enabled two of Averell's infantry regiments to flank the Confederate mountaintop position, causing Confederate troops to be partially surrounded before they fled south to Lewisburg.Lowry 1996 104-105, 159; United States War Department 1890 Atlas to Accompany the Official Records of the Union and confederate Armies (Image 162, lower left corner) https://lccn.loc.gov/03003452 Washington, DC Government Printing Office March 10, 2026 The Confederate troops were soundly defeated, but many escaped and the raid on the railroad was called off.Kelley 1890 500; Lowry 1996 199, 221–222 Salem raid Averell's raid on the Salem depot of the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad began on December 8, when his brigade departed from New Creek (present day Keyser, West Virginia).Kelley 1890a 920–921 Colonel Schoonmaker was sick and hospitalized, so the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry was commanded by Lieutenant Colonel William H. Blakeley. Majors Daily and Foley were also with the regiment, and Major Gibson led his independent command.Slease Gancas 1999 113–114 The 14thPennsylvania Cavalry was armed with Spencer seven-shot carbines, Colt's Navy revolvers, and sabers.Slease Gancas 1999 114 Reaching Salem, Virginia, on December16, the brigade spent only six hours destroying railroad infrastructure because they discovered that Major General Fitzhugh Lee's Cavalry Brigade was on a train moving to Salem.Reader 1890 225; Slease Gancas 1999 118 On the return north, Averell split his command with Averell leading one column and the 14th's Lieutenant Colonel Blakeley leading the other. Blakeley's column met Confederate troops on the evening of December 19 near Covington, Virginia, and the Jackson River. Averell's column was able to cross a bridge over the river, but Blakeley with CompanyA from the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry were the only ones from Blakeley's column that crossed the bridge before it was burned.Slease Gancas 1999 120–121 The Union soldiers on the safe side of the burned bridge continued north.Slease Gancas 1999 122 Those that could not cross the bridge, including all but one company from the 14th Pennsylvania, were thought to have been captured—but fighting continued all night. Confederate officers contacted the regiment's Major Foley demanding surrender. Foley refused—and men from the regiment began shouting "the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry never surrenders".Slease Gancas 1999 121–122 A place about 2 mi km in upriver was successfully used to ford the river, and Foley's assumed-captured force caught up with Averell in the Allegheny Mountains.Reader 1890 228A Pennsylvania newspaper says Blakeley remained with the regiment, as does at least one of Blakeley's obituaries.The Heroism (bottom of page 2) https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86053370/1864-01-20/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1864&index=1&rows=20&words=14+Cavalry+cavalry&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=Pennsylvania&date2=1866&proxtext=14+cavalry&y=16&x=14&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1 American Citizen - Butler, Pennsylvania (from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress) January 20, 1864 July 13, 2021 July 12, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210712163635/https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86053370/1864-01-20/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1864&index=1&rows=20&words=14+Cavalry+cavalry&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=Pennsylvania&date2=1866&proxtext=14+cavalry&y=16&x=14&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1 live; Breck 1899 137 Reverend Slease of CompanyC of the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry, when discussing the 14th "never surrenders" in his book, says "The friends of Lieut. Col. Blakely ascribed it to him. It is certain it was not he, for he, with Co.A., was already on the opposite side of the river."Slease Gancas 1999 121 Note Casualties for the regiment were six drowned, five wounded, and 25 captured in the attempted bridge crossing.Averell 1890b 932 Crook-Averell 1864 Raid on the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad At the beginning of 1864, Averell's Brigade, including the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry, had its winter quarters at Martinsburg, West Virginia.Slease Gancas 1999 126 Averell was given command of the 2nd Cavalry Division, which included the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry in a brigade commanded by Colonel Schoonmaker.Slease Gancas 1999 127 The 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry was commanded by Major Daily.Gen. Averill's Operations; Spirited Account of the Great Southern Virginia Raid. Its Object—Destruction of Railroads, Bridges and Medical Stores—A Gallant and Obstinate Fight—Gen. Averill Wounded—Incidents https://www.nytimes.com/1864/06/10/archives/gen-averills-operations-spirited-account-of-the-great-southern.html June 2, 2021 New York Times June 10, 1864 Barnes D.M. June 2, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210602224358/https://www.nytimes.com/1864/06/10/archives/gen-averills-operations-spirited-account-of-the-great-southern.html live In late April, Averell's division joined Brigadier General George Crook for dual raids on the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad. Averell led a cavalry force of 2,079 men and attacked further west from Crook.Averell 1891 41; Sutton 2001 113–114 After abandoning an attack on a salt mine, Averell proceeded east toward Wytheville and its lead mine, to "prevent the enemy from concentrating against General Crook".Averell 1891 41; Duncan 1998 79; Sutton 2001 113–114 On May 10, Schoonmaker's brigade started the fighting in the four–hour Battle of Cove Mountain.Averell 1891 43 The fighting was inclusive, and Averell's force escaped at night after suffering 114 casualties.Battle Detail – Cove Mountain National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-battles-detail.htm?battleCode=va109 June 8, 2021 June 2, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213543/https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-battles-detail.htm?battleCode=va109 live; Virginia Center for Civil War Studies - Wytheville (scroll down toward end) Virginia Center for Civil War Studies, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University https://civilwar.vt.edu/wytheville/ May 28, 2021 April 17, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210417072902/https://civilwar.vt.edu/wytheville/ live; Sutton 2001 116; Duncan 1998 62–63, 83–84 Hunter's attack on Lynchburg Valley campaigns of 1864#Lynchburg campaign (May–June 1864) Battle of Lynchburg Averell and Crook arrived in Staunton, Virginia, on June 8 as ordered by Major General David Hunter.Slease Gancas 1999 136–139 The cavalry was reorganized on June 9, with Averell in command of the 2nd Division. Schoonmaker commanded one of three brigades in the 2nd Division, and it consisted of the 8th Ohio Cavalry Regiment and the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry.Averell 1902 145–146 Major Daily commanded the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry.Slease Gancas 1999 139 thumb|upright=1.5|right|Averell's division reached New London while Confederate reinforcements began arriving at Lynchburg|alt=Old map with arrows showing routes of Union and Confederate armies Advancing toward Lynchburg, Averell's division arrived in Lexington on June 11, with the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry in the advance. Hunter ordered the Virginia Military Institute (a.k.a. VMI) buildings bombed and destroyed, and relieved Schoonmaker from command because Schoonmaker did not burn VMI immediately when he took the town.Slease Gancas 1999 139–140 On the next day, Hunter ordered Schoonmaker to proceed south with his brigade, and handed Schoonmaker a paper that said Hunter's treatment of Schoonmaker "had been under a misapprehension".Slease Gancas 1999 149–150 At sunrise on June 17, Averell moved toward Lynchburg until it was about 4 mi km in away.Averell 1902 147 At that time, a battle began with Schoonmaker's brigade arriving first and deploying on the left side of the pike. The cavalry fought dismounted until late in the afternoon, when it was replaced by infantry and artillery.Slease Gancas 1999 142 Fighting continued on the next day with the cavalry back in front, although the Union forces were now on the defensive. That evening the Union Army retreated westward.Sutton 2001 130 The regiment's casualties from June10 through June23 totaled 27.[Unlisted] 1902a 105 Kernstown thumb|upright=0.5|right|Br. Gen. Averell|alt=picture of an American Civil War general with mustache and receding hair line In July, the regiment moved to Martinsburg, Virginia, and was part of the 1st Brigade, 2nd Cavalry Division, Army of West Virginia. The regiment, brigade, and division commanders were still the same, and Hunter was still commander of the Department of West Virginia, but Brigadier General Crook commanded the army in the field.Sutton 2001 138; Crook 1902 286; Averell 1891a 10 On July 24, Crook ordered Averell to conduct a flanking maneuver near the Front Royal road to cut off what Crook believed was a small band of Confederates.Patchan 2007 227 By 11:00am, Schoonmaker's brigade began the maneuver as the advance, and discovered a huge Confederate force trying to turn the Union left flank.Patchan 2007 188; Slease Gancas 1999 155 While Crook's infantry was falling back, Confederate infantry tried to cut off Averell from the rest of Crook's army. Confederate infantry on foot could not outrace Averell's cavalry, but they did cause a panic—especially Schoonmaker's brigade that had absorbed the brunt of the initial attack.Patchan 2007 228 Union forces retreated through Winchester, continued across the Potomac River, and finally stopped at Hagerstown, Maryland. The Second Battle of Kernstown was a major defeat for Crook.Second Battle of Kernstown American Battlefield Trust https://www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/second-battle-kernstown June 15, 2021 January 5, 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230105171646/https://www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/second-battle-kernstown live Union casualties were 1,185 killed, wounded or missing; including 13 for the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry.[Unlisted] 1902b 290 Chambersburg and Moorefield Valley campaigns of 1864#Early's Washington Raid and operations against the B&O Railroad (June–August 1864) During late July and early August, Colonel Schoonmaker was running a camp for dismounted cavalry in Pleasant Valley, Maryland.Parsons 1902 738 Lieutenant Colonel Blakeley led a detachment from the dismounted cavalry camp that assisted Brigadier General Wesley Merritt's division in August, and he was badly injured in an incident with his horse.Schoonmaker 1902 797 The remaining portion of the regiment was with Averell, who was stationed in Hagerstown and had troops guarding nearby fords along the Potomac River. Averell had only 1,260 men and two pieces of artillery in his command.Patchan 2007 330 Major Gibson, who had been leading an independent cavalry battalion, returned to the regiment, and was assigned command of the 1st Brigade. Captain Thomas R. Kerr was assigned command of the regiment.Mowrer 1899 21 Chambersburg After Lieutenant General Jubal Early's victory in the Second Battle of Kernstown, he sent two cavalry brigades north under the command of Brigadier General John McCausland. On July 30, McCausland burnt the town of Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, and then moved west. The 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry, led by Major Gibson, entered the town's main street too late to save anything.Slease Gancas 1999 158 On August 3, Averell received an order to continue his pursuit of McCausland and attack "wherever found".Averell 1893 493 Moorefield Battle of Moorefield thumb|upright=1.75|right|After a pursuit that began in Chambersburg, Averell caught McCausland near Moorefield|alt=map showing Confederate route in Pennsylvania and West Virginia Averell learned that McCausland was moving south toward Moorefield, West Virginia. The Union force continued south from Romney on August 7. It was led by a group of scouts dressed in Confederate uniforms, followed by the main force far enough behind that it could not be detected. Captain Kerr of the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry led the scouts, and they were mostly from the 14th Pennsylvania's CompanyC andD.Patchan 2007 296 At about 2:30am, Kerr's scouts began deceiving and capturing various squads of Confederate pickets posted along the main road.Sutton 2001 149 Early in the morning, about 60 of Kerr's scouts, wearing Confederate uniforms, entered one of two Confederate camps and calmly moved further south past the Confederate 1st Maryland Cavalry. Then Gibson's Brigade, including the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry, attacked the surprised Confederates, and captured more than they could control.Patchan 2007 299; Averell 1893 495 Kerr was shot in the face and thigh, and his horse killed—yet he captured the flag of the 8th Virginia Cavalry and rode away on the color bearer's horse.Slease Gancas 1999 161 The Confederate brigade on the south side of the river had some warning of the attack, but was defeated and scattered by one of Averell's other brigades. In total, Averell captured 27 officers and 393 enlisted men, 4 artillery pieces, and 400 horses. The Confederate killed and wounded was unknown. Union losses were 7 killed and 21 wounded.Kelley 1902 3 A Union soldier estimated that the "loss to the enemy in killed, wounded and captured was near eight hundred".Sutton 2001 150 Captain Thomas R. Kerr, of the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry, was awarded the Medal of Honor.Thomas R. Kerr Congressional Medal of Honor Society https://www.cmohs.org/recipients/thomas-r-kerr June 17, 2021 July 13, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210713144842/https://www.cmohs.org/recipients/thomas-r-kerr live Shenandoah Valley In mid-August, Major General Philip Sheridan reorganized his cavalry. Averell was made commander of the 2nd Division, with Schoonmaker and Colonel William H. Powell as his brigade commanders. Schoonmaker's 1st Brigade consisted of the 14th Pennsylvania, 22nd Pennsylvania, and 8th Ohio. The 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry would now be fighting in the Shenandoah Valley as part of a large army.Slease Gancas 1999 175 Third Battle of Winchester thumb|upright=1.25|right|Schoonmaker's Brigade was part of the Union attack from the north.|alt=map showing troop movement at Winchester from north to the Star Fort On September 19, Sheridan's army of 40,000 soldiers defeated Early's army of 15,000 in the Third Battle of Winchester (a.k.a. the Battle of Opequon Creek). While a large portion of the Union Army attacked from the east, Averell's cavalry and an additional cavalry division attacked from the north.Third Battle of Winchester National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior https://www.nps.gov/cebe/learn/historyculture/third-battle-of-winchester.htm June 23, 2021 May 2, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210502135925/https://www.nps.gov/cebe/learn/historyculture/third-battle-of-winchester.htm dead Major Foley had been wounded earlier in the month, so Captain Ashbel F. Duncan led the regiment.Slease Gancas 1999 177; Slease Gancas 1999 185 Close to the north edge of town, Averell ordered Schoonmaker to capture Star Fort, which stood on a hill and had a well-supported battery. The brigade's first charge was unsuccessful.Farrar 1911 377 Captain Duncan led about 300 fighters from the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry that attempted to capture the fort's guns while another portion of the regiment moved around the flank of the enemy. While this was happening, Schoonmaker was notified that Duncan had been killed. Schoonmaker hurried up the hill to lead in person, and found the mortally–wounded Duncan still alive and mounted. The regiment captured one of the Confederate cannons and about 300 soldiers while the rest of the Confederates fled before they were surrounded.Slease Gancas 1999 185, 239 The 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry had 14 of the 19 casualties for Schoonmaker's brigade.[Unlisted] 1902d 117 Schoonmaker was later awarded the Medal of Honor for the capture of the fort.James M. Schoonmaker Congressional Medal of Honor Society https://www.cmohs.org/recipients/james-m-schoonmaker March 7, 2021 June 8, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210608224218/https://www.cmohs.org/recipients/james-m-schoonmaker live Summarizing the battle, Confederate General Early wrote that his army "deserved the victory, and would have had it, but for the enemy's immense superiority in cavalry, which alone gave it to him".Early Early 1912 426–427 Fisher's Hill The Battle of Fisher's Hill occurred on September 21–22, 1864. Sheridan's army again defeated Early's army. The battle took place further south of Winchester near the Valley Pike, slightly south of Strasburg, Virginia.FISHER'S HILL American Battlefield Trust https://www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/fishers-hill June 25, 2021 June 25, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210625061744/https://www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/fishers-hill live In this battle, Schoonmaker's brigade attacked the front of the Confederate left while Crook's infantry flanked the Confederate left using a concealed approach.Slease Gancas 1999 191 Early's army fled south in disorder, and were pursued by the other half of Averell's division.Sutton 2001 161 The 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry had only one man wounded.[Unlisted] 1902e 124 After the battle, Sheridan replaced Averell with Powell.Averell 1893 505 Averell chose two companies from the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry, CompaniesA andH, to escort him to Winchester.Slease Gancas 1999 194 Weyer's Cave and the Burning thumb|upright=1.25|right|The 14th Pennsylvania was near Harrisonburg and Staunton in late September|alt=map showing Harrisonburg, Mt Crawford, and Staunton, Weyer's Cave, and region of "The Burning" Following the Battle of Fisher's Hill, the two armies continued south along the pike. Major Daily commanded the regiment while Schoonmaker commanded the 1st Brigade. Lieutenant Colonel Blakeley was in Pittsburgh for a court martial case, Major Gibson was under arrest, and Major Foley was in a hospital.Slease Gancas 1999 198–199 Powell's Division patrolled the areas around Harrisonburg, Mount Crawford, and Staunton.Powell 1902 506–507 The division arrived at Weyer's Cave in the afternoon of September 26, and Schoonmaker's Brigade crossed the South River and attacked enemy cavalry. The brigade drove the Confederate cavalry east until it encountered infantry and artillery. Fighting until dark, the brigade returned to Weyer's Cave on the west side of the river.Farrar 1911 392 On the morning of September 27, fighting began again and it was discovered that the Confederate army had as many as five divisions. The regiment was driven back, but contested its position so well that the Adjutant General of Pennsylvania ordered an inscription on the 14th Pennsylvania's regimental battle flag that read: "Weyer's Cave September 27th 1864 For Gallantry in Battle."Slease Gancas 1999 199–200 Near the close of the skirmish at Weyer's Cave, Major General George Armstrong Custer arrived to succeed Powell as commander of the division. Early's army moved to Staunton and Waynesboro, while Powell's/Custer's Division moved to Port Republic.Slease Gancas 1999 201 For the next two weeks, Custer's 2nd Division, including the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry, was among those assigned to burn the region's farming infrastructure. Over 2,000 barns, 70 mills, and food located between Harrisonburg and Staunton were destroyed.The Burning - The Shenandoah Valley in Flames National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior https://www.nps.gov/cebe/learn/historyculture/the-burning.htm June 28, 2021 June 28, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210628204614/https://www.nps.gov/cebe/learn/historyculture/the-burning.htm dead; Slease Gancas 1999 202 On September 30, Custer was transferred to command the 3rd Cavalry Division, and Powell returned to command the 2nd Cavalry Division.Farrar 1911 400 Cedar Creek thumb|upright=0.5|right|Major Gibson|alt=young-looking clean cut American Civil War officer sitting The Battle of Cedar Creek started as a surprise attack by Early's army in the early morning hours of October 19, 1864.Overview of the Battle of Cedar Creek National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior https://www.nps.gov/cebe/learn/overview-of-the-battle-of-cedar-creek.htm June 30, 2021 July 9, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210709181809/https://www.nps.gov/cebe/learn/overview-of-the-battle-of-cedar-creek.htm dead Early struck the Union Army's left flank where the only Union cavalry nearby was the 1st Cavalry Brigade from Powell's division. The brigade was composed of three cavalry regiments, including the 14th Pennsylvania, and was commanded by Colonel Alpheus Moore of the 8th Ohio Cavalry. Major Gibson commanded the 14th Pennsylvania.Slease Gancas 1999 206; [Unlisted] 1902f 130 During the morning fighting, the "officer in command of the brigade" (Colonel Moore) refused to dismount his men to support the division of Brigadier General Thomas Devin.Devin 1902 478 The battle appeared to be a defeat for the Union until General Sheridan arrived and rallied his troops for a Union victory. Only one soldier from the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry was wounded.[Unlisted] 1902g 136 After the battle, Colonel Moore was placed under arrest, and Major Gibson became commander of the 1st Brigade.Rumsey 1893 595 Mosby Beginning November 10, the 21st New York Cavalry Regiment was assigned to the 1st Brigade of Powell's 2nd Division. Colonel William B. Tibbits, from the 21st New York Cavalry, was assigned to command the 1st Brigade, relieving Major Gibson. Separately, Major Daily was dismissed for absence without leave effective November 11, but reinstated seven months later as a lieutenant colonel.[Unlisted] 1864 202; Pennsylvania General Assembly 1866 458 While cooking turkeys on Thanksgiving Day (November 24), the regiment was attacked by Mosby's guerrillas.Slease Gancas 1999 219 Mosby was quickly chased off by the regiment, and ten of Mosby's men were killed or wounded. The historian of the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry wrote that probably "no regiment in the Civil War had more encounters with Mosby or lost so many killed and wounded or captured by Mosby". Major Gibson was assigned command of the 1st Brigade on December 7.Rumsey 1893a 753 A few weeks later on December 17, Captain William Miles of CompanyI led 100 men on a scouting expedition toward Ashby's Gap.Slease Gancas 1999 259 Mosby ambushed this scouting party from a woods near Millwood, Virginia, killing Miles and about a dozen others. About 20 others were wounded, and nearly everybody else was captured. Mosby set one man free after slashing his face with a saber, allowing him to return to camp to tell the story of the ambush. The wounded and dead were recovered on the next day. Winter 1864-1865 and war's end Winter The regiment's winter camp was located in Winchester. The organization of Sheridan's Middle Military Division at the end of 1864 had Powell in command of the 2nd Cavalry Division, Tibbits in command of the division's 1st Brigade, and Schoonmaker in command of the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry.[Unlisted] 1893 854 Lieutenant Colonel Blakeley, who had been dismissed, was restored to commission.[Unlisted] 1864 283Blakeley was hospitalized after being thrown from his horse on August 12. While in the hospital, his detachment left its post, causing his dismissal. The general in charge did not know Blakeley was in the hospital. After a petition and letter saying the recommendation for dismissal came under misapprehension of the facts, Blakeley was reinstated December 14.Lieut. Col. Blakely, 14th Pa. Cavalry (right side of page 2) https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86053370/1865-01-25/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1864&index=9&rows=20&words=14+Cavalry&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=Pennsylvania&date2=1866&proxtext=14+cavalry&y=16&x=14&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1 American Citizen - Butler, Pennsylvania (from Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress) January 25, 1865 July 13, 2021 July 12, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210712180358/https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86053370/1865-01-25/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1864&index=9&rows=20&words=14+Cavalry&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=Pennsylvania&date2=1866&proxtext=14+cavalry&y=16&x=14&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1 live Note The regiment's final expedition of the winter began on February 19, 1865, and ended with Major Gibson and his men ambushed by Mosby. Gibson's horse was shot and fell on him, although he was eventually able to find another horse and escape. Gibson's loss was one officer wounded, and 80 men missing.Slease Gancas 1999 261; Gibson 1894 466 Fighting ends The regiment left winter camp on April 4, and moved up the Shenandoah Valley. Major Foley resigned on April 6.Bates 1869 858 Confederate General Lee surrendered at Appomattox on April 9, and the regiment was ordered to Washington on April 20. For the next month, they camped in Virginia at Arlington, Fairfax Court House, and Alexandria.Slease Gancas 1999 283–285 The men of the regiment whose term of enlistment expired prior to October 1, 1865, mustered out in late May and early June.Slease Gancas 1999 286–288 Lieutenant Colonel Blakeley resigned effective June 6. The remainder of the regiment was consolidated into six companies and left the Washington area on June11. They arrived in Fort Leavenworth in Kansas on June 28, and the reinstated Major Daily was promoted to lieutenant colonel on that day. Most of the soldiers mustered out on July 31, including Colonel Schoonmaker. Everyone else, other than CompanyA, mustered out on August24. CompanyA mustered out on November2. Summary The regiment fought mostly as part of a brigade or division commanded by William W. Averell. Later in the war, they were often part of a division commanded by William H. Powell. The regiment did most of its fighting in West Virginia and Virginia. It began its fighting in Beverly, West Virginia, on July 3, 1863. Its last fight was in Virginia at Ashby's Gap on February 19, 1865. In between, members of the regiment fought in nearly 90 skirmishes and battles.Slease Gancas 1999 Supplement p. 121-123 In 31 of those engagements, the regiment suffered casualties.Slease Gancas 1999 289–291 The regiment had two Medal of Honor winners (Schoonmaker and Kerr), and two of its men (Schoonmaker and Gibson) commanded brigades.Search For Medals of Honor - 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-medals.htm#sort=score+desc&q=%2214th+Pennsylvania+Cavalry%22 July 4, 2021 July 9, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210709184427/https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-medals.htm#sort=score+desc&q=%2214th+Pennsylvania+Cavalry%22 live; Mowrer 1899 11, 17 During the war, the regiment lost 2 officers and 97 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded. Disease resulted in the death of 296 enlisted men.Union Pennsylvania Volunteers - 14th Regiment, Pennsylvania Cavalry (159th Volunteers) National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-battle-units-detail.htm?battleUnitCode=UPA0014RC May 15, 2021 May 14, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20210514150826/https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-battle-units-detail.htm?battleUnitCode=UPA0014RC live See also List of Pennsylvania Civil War units Notes Footnotes Note Citations 30em References 20em Averell William W. William W. Averell Reports of Brig. Gen. William W. Averell...operations May 22–July 28, 1863 Scott Robert N. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XXVII - Part II - Reports Government Printing Office 1889 Washington, DC 205–211 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924077728255&view=1up&seq=207 318422190 March 4, 2026 Averell William W. Reports of Brig. Gen. William W. Averell...operations August 5–31 Scott Robert N. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XXIX - Part I - Reports Government Printing Office 1890 Washington, DC 32–40 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924077699886&view=1up&seq=50 318422190 March 4, 2026 Averell William W. Reports of Brig. Gen. William W. Averell...expedition to Virginia and Tennessee Railroad Scott Robert N. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XXIX - Part I - Reports Government Printing Office 1890b Washington, DC 924–933 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924077699886&view=1up&seq=942 318422190 March 4, 2026 Averell William W. Report of Brig. Gen. William W. Averell.... Davis George B. Perry Leslie J. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XXXVII - Part I - Reports, Correspondence, etc. Government Printing Office 1891 Washington, DC 41–44 https://archive.org/details/cu31924077728289/page/40/mode/2up 318422190 March 12, 2026 Averell William W. Correspondence of Brig. Gen. William W. Averell to Lieut. Col. Charles G. Halpine Davis George B. Perry Leslie J. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XXXVII - Part II - Correspondence, Etc. Government Printing Office 1891a Washington, DC 10 https://books.google.com/books?id=S6p76EpdJlkC&dq=%22Maj.+J.M.+Daily%22&pg=PA10 427057 July 3, 2021 February 12, 2023 https://web.archive.org/web/20230212170423/https://books.google.com/books?id=S6p76EpdJlkC&dq=%22Maj.+J.M.+Daily%22&pg=PA10 live Averell William W. Reports of Bvt. Maj. Gen. William W. Averell...August 3–September 23, 1864 Davis George B. Perry Leslie J. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XLIII - Part I - Reports, Correspondence, etc. Government Printing Office 1893 Washington, DC 493–506 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924080776929&view=1up&seq=513 427057 March 15, 2026 Averell William W. Report of Brig. Gen. William W. Averell.... Ainsworth Fred C. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XXXVII - Additions and Corrections Government Printing Office 1902 Washington, DC 145–150 https://archive.org/details/cu31924077728289/page/144/mode/2up 318422190 March 13, 2026 Bates Samuel P. History of Pennsylvania Volunteers, 1861-5: Prepared in Compliance with Acts of the Legislature B. Singerly, State Printer 1869 Harrisburg, Pennsylvania https://books.google.com/books?id=MW8ATqFj9XcC&dq=On+the+18th+of+August%2C+1862%2C+James+M.+Schoonmaker%2C+a+citizen+of+Pittsburg%2C+and+at+the+time&pg=PA851 1887553 2021-11-27 2023-02-12 https://web.archive.org/web/20230212170422/https://books.google.com/books?id=MW8ATqFj9XcC&dq=On+the+18th+of+August%2C+1862%2C+James+M.+Schoonmaker%2C+a+citizen+of+Pittsburg%2C+and+at+the+time&pg=PA851 live Breck E.Y. Pittsburgh Legal Journal (p.137) John S. Murray 1899 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania https://books.google.com/books?id=sIKUAAAAIAAJ&dq=william+blakeley+cavalry&pg=PA137 2021-06-28 2023-02-12 https://web.archive.org/web/20230212170422/https://books.google.com/books?id=sIKUAAAAIAAJ&dq=william+blakeley+cavalry&pg=PA137 live Crook George George Crook Reports of Bvt. Maj. Gen. George Crook...July 16–26..... Ainsworth Fred C. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XXXVII - Additions and Corrections Government Printing Office 1902 Washington, DC 286–288 https://archive.org/details/cu31924077728289/page/286/mode/2up 318422190 March 13, 2026 Devin Thomas C. Thomas Devin Reports of Bvt. Brig. Gen. Thomas C. Devin...July 4–October 21, 1864 Ainsworth Fred C. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XLIII - Additions and Corrections Government Printing Office 1902 Washington, DC 470–484 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924080776929&view=1up&seq=490 427057 March 18, 2026 Duncan Richard R. Lee's Endangered Left: The Civil War in Western Virginia, Spring of 1864 Louisiana State University Press 1998 Baton Rouge, Louisiana 940541407 Early Jubal A. Early Ruth H. Lieutenant General Jubal Anderson Early, C.S.A. Autobiographical Sketch and Narrative of the War Between the States J.B. Lippincott Co. 1912 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania https://books.google.com/books?id=0xtCAAAAIAAJ&q=%22Ramseur%27s+left+the+country+sloped+off+to+the+Red+Bud%22&pg=PA421 1370161 2020-11-13 2023-02-12 https://web.archive.org/web/20230212170422/https://books.google.com/books?id=0xtCAAAAIAAJ&q=%22Ramseur%27s+left+the+country+sloped+off+to+the+Red+Bud%22&pg=PA421 live Farrar Samuel Clarke The Twenty-Second Pennsylvania Cavalry and the Ringgold Battalion New Werner Company 1911 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania https://books.google.com/books?id=je3uAgAAQBAJ&dq=General+Custer+gives+a+graphic+account+of+the+advance&pg=PA371 1018148044 2021-06-24 2023-02-12 https://web.archive.org/web/20230212170422/https://books.google.com/books?id=je3uAgAAQBAJ&dq=General+Custer+gives+a+graphic+account+of+the+advance&pg=PA371 live Gibson Thomas Report of Major Thomas Gibson.... Davis George B. Perry Leslie J. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XLVI - Part I - Reports Government Printing Office 1894 Washington, DC 463–467 https://archive.org/details/warofrebellionco46p1unit/page/462/mode/2up 12241509 March 5, 2026 Kelley Benjamin F. Benjamin Franklin Kelley Report of Brig. Gen. Benjamin F. Kelley.... Scott Robert N. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XXIX - Part I - Reports Government Printing Office 1890 Washington, DC 499–502 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924077699886&view=1up&seq=517 318422190 March 4, 2026 Kelley Benjamin F. Benjamin Franklin Kelley Report of Brig. Gen. Benjamin F. Kelley.... Scott Robert N. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XXIX - Part I - Reports Government Printing Office 1890a Washington, DC 920–923 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924077699886&view=1up&seq=938 318422190 March 10, 2026 Kelley Benjamin F. Report of Bvt. Maj. Gen. Benjamin F. Kelley.... Ainsworth Fred C. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XLIII - Additions and Corrections Government Printing Office 1902 Washington, DC 2–3 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924080776929&view=1up&seq=22 427057 March 13, 2026 Lowry Terry Last Sleep: The Battle of Droop Mountain, November 6, 1863 Pictorial Histories Publishing Company 1996 Charleston, West Virginia 36488613 978-1-57510-024-1 Mowrer George H. History of the Organization and Service, During the War of the Rebellion, of CompanyA, 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry Survivor's Association 1899 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89077133460&view=1up&seq=7 228711541 2021-07-09 2021-07-09 https://web.archive.org/web/20210709201750/https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89077133460&view=1up&seq=7 live Parsons E. B. General Orders, No. 6 Ainsworth Fred C. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Additions and Corrections to Series I Volume XLIII Government Printing Office 1902 Washington, DC 738 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924080776929&view=1up&seq=758 427057 March 15, 2026 Patchan Scott C. Shenandoah Summer: The 1864 Valley Campaign University of Nebraska Press 2007 Lincoln, NE 122563754 978-0-8032-0700-4 Pennsylvania General Assembly Miscellaneous Documents, Read in the Legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, during the Session which Commenced at Harrisburg on the 2nd Day of January, 1866 - Vol. II Singerly & Myers, State Printers 1866 Harrisburg, Pennsylvania https://books.google.com/books?id=nk0bAQAAIAAJ&dq=%22William+Blakely%22+159th+Pennsylvania&pg=PA458 228664952 2021-07-04 2023-02-12 https://web.archive.org/web/20230212170455/https://books.google.com/books?id=nk0bAQAAIAAJ&dq=%22William+Blakely%22+159th+Pennsylvania&pg=PA458 live Powell William H. William Henry Powell (soldier) Reports of Brig. Gen. William H. Powell...September 24–October 27 and November 12, 1864 Ainsworth Fred C. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XLIII - Additions and Corrections Government Printing Office 1902 Washington, DC 506–513 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924080776929&view=1up&seq=526 427057 March 15, 2026 Reader Frank S. History of the Fifth West Virginia Cavalry, Formerly the Second Virginia Infantry, and of Battery G, First West Virginia Light Artillery Daily News, Frank S. Reader, Editor and Proprietor 1890 New Brighton, Pennsylvania https://archive.org/details/historyoffifthwe00read 2021-04-05 Rumsey Will William Rumsey Special Orders No. 18...November 10, 1864 Davis George B. Perry Leslie J. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XLIII Part II Correspondence, Etc. Government Printing Office 1893 Washington, DC 595 https://books.google.com/books?id=dD93AAAAMAAJ&dq=Second+Cavalry+Division%2C+relieving+Major+Thomas+Gibson%2C+Fourteenth+Pennsylvania+Cavalry%2C&pg=PA595 12241509 2021-11-27 2023-02-12 https://web.archive.org/web/20230212170422/https://books.google.com/books?id=dD93AAAAMAAJ&dq=Second+Cavalry+Division%2C+relieving+Major+Thomas+Gibson%2C+Fourteenth+Pennsylvania+Cavalry%2C&pg=PA595 live Rumsey Will William Rumsey Corespondence to Maj. T. Gibson...December 7, 1864 Davis George B. Perry Leslie J. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XLIII Part II Correspondence, Etc. Government Printing Office 1893a Washington, DC 753 https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_War_of_the_Rebellion_v_1_53_serial_n/sFWlQSQkli0C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Maj.+T.+Gibson%22+%22Information+having+been+received%22&pg=PA753&printsec=frontcover 12241509 March 19, 2026 Schoonmaker James M. Correspondence with Capt. Will Rumsey August 14, 1864 Ainsworth Fred C. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Additions and Corrections to Series I Volume XLIII Government Printing Office 1902 797 Washington, DC https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924080776929&view=1up&seq=817 427057 March 15, 2026 Slease William Davis Gancas Ron The Fourteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry in the Civil War: A History of the Fourteenth Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry from its Organization until the Close of the Civil War, 1861-1865 Soldiers' & Sailors' Memorial Hall and Military Museum 1999 1915 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 44503009 978-0-96449-529-6 Sutton Joseph J. History of the Second Regiment, West Virginia Cavalry Volunteers, During the War of the Rebellion Blue Acorn Press 2001 1892 Huntington, WV 263148491 978-0-9628866-5-2 [Unlisted] The United States Army and Navy Journal and Gazette of the Regular and Volunteer Forces - Vol.II 1864-65 Publication Office Number 39 Park Row 1864 New York, New York https://books.google.com/books?id=naw0AQAAMAAJ&dq=Colonel+%22William+Blakely%22+court+martial&pg=PA283 3157857 2021-07-04 2023-02-12 https://web.archive.org/web/20230212170423/https://books.google.com/books?id=naw0AQAAMAAJ&dq=Colonel+%22William+Blakely%22+court+martial&pg=PA283 live [Unlisted] Organization of troops in the Middle Military Division...December 31, 1864 Davis George B. Perry Leslie J. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XLIII - Part II - Correspondence, Etc. Government Printing Office 1893 Washington, DC 847–857 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924079601096&view=1up&seq=849 March 19, 2026 [Unlisted] Composition and losses of the Union Forces June 10–23 Ainsworth Fred C. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XXXVII - Additions and Corrections Government Printing Office 1902a Washington, DC 103–106 https://archive.org/details/cu31924077728289/page/102/mode/2up 318422190 March 14, 2026 [Unlisted] Return of Casualties in the Union forces...July 24–25 the Union Forces June 10–23 Ainsworth Fred C. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XXXVII - Additions and Corrections Government Printing Office 1902b Washington, DC 288–290 https://archive.org/details/cu31924077728289/page/288/mode/2up 318422190 March 15, 2026 [Unlisted] Return of Casualties in the Union forces commanded by Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan...September 19, 1864 Ainsworth Fred C. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XLIII - Additions and Corrections Government Printing Office 1902d Washington, DC 112–119 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924080776929&view=1up&seq=132 427057 March 13, 2026 [Unlisted] Return of Casualties in the Union forces commanded by Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan...September 21–22, 1864 Ainsworth Fred C. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XLIII - Additions and Corrections Government Printing Office 1902e Washington, DC 120–124 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924080776929&view=1up&seq=140 427057 March 18, 2026 [Unlisted] Organization of the Union forces commanded by Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan...October 19, 1864 Ainsworth Fred C. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XLIII - Additions and Corrections Government Printing Office 1902f Washington, DC 125–130 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924080776929&view=1up&seq=145 427057 March 18, 2026 [Unlisted] Return of Casualties in the Union forces commanded by Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan...October 19, 1864 Ainsworth Fred C. Kirkley Joseph W. The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies Series I Volume XLIII - Additions and Corrections Government Printing Office 1902g Washington, DC 131–139 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924080776929&view=1up&seq=151 427057 March 18, 2026 [Unlisted] The Union Army; A History of Military Affairs in the Loyal States, 1861-65 — Records of the Regiments in the Union Army — Cyclopedia of Battles — Memoirs of Commanders and Soldiers — VolumeI Federal Publishing Company 1908 Madison, Wisconsin https://books.google.com/books?id=71JLAAAAYAAJ&dq=william+blakeley+cavalry&pg=PA470 1473658 2021-05-14 2023-02-12 https://web.archive.org/web/20230212170925/https://books.google.com/books?id=71JLAAAAYAAJ&dq=william+blakeley+cavalry&pg=PA470 live Whisonant Robert C. Arming the Confederacy : How Virginia's Minerals Forged the Rebel War Machine Springer International Publishing 2015 Cham, Switzerland 903929889 978-3-319-14508-2 Wittenberg Eric J. Petruzzi J. David Nugent Michael F. One Continuous Fight: the Retreat from Gettysburg and the Pursuit of Lee's Army of Northern Virginia, July 4–14, 1863 Savas Beatie 2008 New York 185031178 978-1-9327144-3-2 Wittenberg Eric J. The Battle of White Sulphur Springs: Averell Fails to Secure West Virginia History Press 2011 Charleston, South Carolina 795566215 978-1-61423-326-8 External links National Park Service - James Martinus Schoonmaker Regimental Flag Recruiting poster 14th PA Cavalry marker at Droop Mountain Category:Cavalry regiments of the United States Army Category:Units and formations of the Union army from Pennsylvania