1989 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

none NIO 1989 1989 North Indian Ocean cyclone season summary.png May 23, 1989 November 10, 1989 Gay 930 125 3 10 7 3 2 1 1 1,785 total 25.27 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991 1989 Atlantic hurricane season 1989 Pacific hurricane season 1989 Pacific typhoon season The 1989 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was a below-average season in annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. Despite this, the season had the third highest Accumulated Cyclone Energy in the basin on record behind only 2019 and 2023.Mohapatra M. Vijay Kumar V. 2016-05-06 Interannual variation of tropical cyclone energy metrics over North Indian Ocean http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-3150-3 Climate Dynamics 48 5-6 1431–1445 10.1007/s00382-016-3150-3 0930-7575 subscription Kotal S.D. Bhattacharya S.K. March 2020 Improvement of wind field forecasts for tropical cyclones over the North Indian Ocean http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcrr.2020.03.004 Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 9 1 53–66 10.1016/j.tcrr.2020.03.004 2225-6032 free The season has no official bounds but cyclones tend to form between April and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean—the Bay of Bengal to the east of the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian Sea to the west of India. The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) releases unofficial advisories. An average of five tropical cyclones form in the North Indian Ocean every season with peaks in May and November.India Meteorological Department 2012 June 8, 2012 Frequently Asked Questions: What is the annual frequency of Cyclones over the Indian Seas? What is its intra-annual variation? http://www.imd.gov.in/section/nhac/dynamic/faq/FAQP.htm#q18 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20150521044203/http://www.imd.gov.in/section/nhac/dynamic/faq/FAQP.htm May 21, 2015 Cyclones occurring between the meridians 45°E and 100°E are included in the season by the IMD.India Meteorological Department May 25, 2009 July 16, 2012 Bulletins Issued by Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre (RSMC) – Tropical Cyclones, New Delhi http://www.imd.gov.in/section/nhac/dynamic/bulletins.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20120412152516/http://www.imd.gov.in/section/nhac/dynamic/bulletins.pdf 2012-04-12 dead Throughout the season, the IMD monitored ten depressions, three of which became cyclonic storms.http://www.imd.gov.in/section/nhac/dynamic/ANNUAL_FREQ_CYCLONIC_DISTURBANCES.pdf Annual frequency of cyclonic disturbances (Maximum sustained windspeeds of 17 knots or more), Cyclones (34 knots or more) and Severe Cyclones (48 knots or more) over the Bay of Bengal (BOB), Arabian Sea (AS) and land surface of India India Meteorological Department August 31, 2010 March 25, 2012 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20110805212718/http://www.imd.gov.in/section/nhac/dynamic/ANNUAL_FREQ_CYCLONIC_DISTURBANCES.pdf August 5, 2011 The strongest storm of the year was Super Cyclonic Storm Gay. Crossing the Malay Peninsula into the Bay of Bengal on November 4, Gay became one of the most powerful systems on record in the basin, attaining an estimated pressure of 930 mbar (hPa; 930 mbar inHg on 4 out). Collectively, the storms were responsible for at least 1,785 fatalities, 1,445 of which were due to the disastrous flooding triggered by the July Cyclonic Storm, and more than $25 million in damage. __TOC__ Seasonal summary Systems Severe Cyclonic Storm BOB 01 NIO svrcyclstorm May 23 May 27 01B 1989-05-26 1343Z.png BOB01 1989 path.png 55 984 In mid-May, a monsoon trough situated over the Bay of Bengal began showing signs of cyclonic development. By May 20, synoptic data indicated the presence of a weak circulation; however, the system remained disorganized. Following a dramatic increase in convection and organization, the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert on May 23 and subsequently began monitoring the system as a tropical depression hours later. Initially, the depression tracked slowly towards the north-northwest before abruptly turning westward and slowing due to weak mid-level steering currents. During this time, the storm gradually intensified and was limited by northwesterly wind shear. By May 26, the storm turned northward and accelerated. Later that day, 01B attained its peak intensity with winds of 100 km/h mph on 5 shortly before making landfall in eastern India. The system quickly weakened once inland and was last noted on May 27 as a dissipating low.Lt. Cdr. Nicholas D. Gural Joint Typhoon Warning Center United States Navy 1990 March 25, 2012 1989 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Cyclone 01B 188–189 http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1989atcr.pdf dead https://web.archive.org/web/20130221101605/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1989atcr.pdf February 21, 2013 Striking India on May 26, the storm brought wind gusts up to 130 km/h mph on 5 and torrential rains, amounting to 210 mm in on, which caused widespread damage.Xinhua General News May 27, 1989 Cyclone causes widespread damage in India's Orissa coast New Delhi, India (Accessed through LexisNexis) The hardest hit area was Midnapore where more than 10,000 homes were destroyed. At least 17 people were killed in the district alone and more than 50,000 were left homeless. Communications across Orissa were severely disrupted as broadcast stations, government buildings, and hundreds of telephone poles were destroyed. Further inland, heavy rains from the storm triggered several landslides that killed at least two people in Darjeeling Hills.Xinhua General News May 29, 1989 Death toll in cyclone rises to 26 in India New Delhi, India (Accessed through LexisNexis) Throughout eastern India, 61 people were killed and more than 500,000 were left homeless by the storm.India Meteorological Department 1999 March 25, 2012 Historical records of Severe Cyclones which formed in the Bay of Bengal and made landfall at the eastern coast of India during the period from 1970-1999 http://www.imd.gov.in/section/nhac/static/cyclone-history-bb.htm dead https://web.archive.org/web/20150717083945/http://www.imd.gov.in/section/nhac/static/cyclone-history-bb.htm July 17, 2015 In nearby Bangladesh, strong winds produced by the storm destroyed 500 homes across 11 villages.Associated Press May 27, 1989 32 Killed, Thousands Homeless in Cyclone Calcutta (Accessed through LexisNexis) Areas devastated by a tornado a month prior were severely affected by the cyclone. In Tangail, a powerful tornado spawned by the storm destroyed 2,000 homes and killed 10 people. At least 60 people perished and 2,000 others were injured across the country.Associated Press May 28, 1989 Cyclone Kills 60, Leaves 500,000 Homeless Dhaka, Bangladesh (Accessed through LexisNexis)Associated Press Courier-Mail May 29, 1989 Fifty Killed in Cyclone: Toll to Rise (Accessed through LexisNexis) Offshore, 150 fishermen went missing during the storm and were feared dead.Associated Press May 29, 1989 Cyclone Kills Scores in Bangladesh Dhaka, Bangladesh (Accessed through LexisNexis) In the wake of the storm, widespread search and rescue missions took place in cities flattened by the cyclone.Associated Press St. Louis Post-Dispatch May 29, 1989 Workers Search Rubble in Dhaka After Cyclone 8A Dhaka, Bangladesh LexisNexis Deep Depression ARB 01 NIO June 7 June 13 02A 1989-06-12 0914Z.jpg ARB01 1989 path.png 35 30 996 On June 7, small area of low pressure developed off the west coast of India. Over the following two days, convection associated with the low gradually organized and by June 9, satellite intensity estimates from the JTWC reached 55 km/h mph on 5. A TCFA was subsequently issued for the system before it made landfall in Gujarat early on June 10. Although overland, the low maintained significant convection as it turned westward and through its re-emergence into the Arabian Sea on June 11. Once back over water, convection rapidly spread westward in response to an anticyclone over the Arabian Peninsula and Afghanistan. Early on June 12, the cyclone was estimated to have attained tropical storm status based on a ship report near the center of 65 km/h mph on 5 sustained winds and a surface pressure of 998 mbar (hPa; 998 mbar inHg on 4 out). Later that day, strong wind shear stemming from the anticyclone displaced convection from the tropical storm by more than 110 km (70 mi), prompting the final advisory from the JTWC. The remnants of the system were last noted on June 13, dissipating over the Arabian Sea.Lt. Richard H. Bouchard Joint Typhoon Warning Center United States Navy 1990 June 8, 2012 1989 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Cyclone 02B 190–191 http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1989atcr.pdf dead https://web.archive.org/web/20130221101605/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1989atcr.pdf February 21, 2013 Deep Depression BOB 02 NIO June 12 June 14 BOB02 1989 path.png 30 On June 12, a tropical depression formed in the northern Bay of Bengal. It moved northward before making landfall near Orissa, India at deep depression status. Cyclonic Storm BOB 04 NIO cyclstorm July 21 July 25 BOB04 1989 path.png 45 On July 22, the IMD began monitoring a depression over the Bay of Bengal. Tracking west-northwest, the system intensified into a cyclonic storm later that day before making landfall in Andhra Pradesh, just north of Vishakhapatnam. Once onshore the storm accelerated towards the northwest and weakened. By July 24, the remnants of the cyclone were located over the state of Maharashtra. The system was last noted the following day over Gujarat and moving into Pakistan.Cyclone Warning & Research Centre, Regional Meteorological Centre India Meteorological Department 2012 June 7, 2012 Cyclone Web Atlas http://www.rmcchennaieatlas.tn.nic.in/Login.aspx Chennai, India July 2, 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20120702214748/http://www.rmcchennaieatlas.tn.nic.in/login.aspx dead Across Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, and Uttar Pradesh heavy rains produced by the storm triggered flash flooding and mudslides that killed at least 414 people.Agence France-Presse The Independent July 27, 1989 Ships look for 2,000 missing in floods Bombay, India (Accessed through LexisNexis) According to Chief Minister Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao, approximately 70,000 homes were destroyed in Andhra Pradesh. While over Maharashtra, the storm produced torrential rainfall, reaching 280 mm in on in 24 hours in Bombay, which caused deadly flash flooding and mudslides. Most of the railway tracks in metropolitan Bombay were left underwater, paralyzing the city and forcing businesses to close for several days. The city's stock exchange remained open, though only sparse trading was observed.Ajoy Bose The Guardian July 27, 1989 Hundreds feared dead in Indian monsoon flooding New Delhi, India (Accessed through LexisNexis) Flood waters isolated 46 villages in the region, prompting the deployment of the Indian Army for rescue missions.Associated Press July 24, 1989 Downpours in Western India Kill at Least 100 Bombay, India (Accessed through LexisNexis) At least 500 people were killed throughout Maharashtra, more than 200 of which took place in the Raigad district.The Times of India Xinhua General News July 26, 1989 750 killed as flood situation worsens New Delhi, India (Accessed through LexisNexis) An unknown number of people were killed after a bridge collapsed with two train carriages on it. Additionally, 75 others were reported missing in the district according to local police.Associated Press July 25, 1989 Death Toll From Storm Tops 450 Bombay, India (Accessed through LexisNexis) Offshore, 500 fishermen went missing in connection to the storm and are believed to have died.Hobart Mercury July 28, 1989 Storm toll 800 (Accessed through LexisNexis) Flooding rains extended into Pakistan by July 26.The Muslim Xinhua General News July 26, 1989 7 killed in heavy Karachi rains Islamabad, Pakistan (Accessed through LexisNexis) Flash floods in the slums outside Karachi killed at least 16 people and washed away 500 huts. An estimated 20,000 people were left homeless in the city. Communication and transportation throughout Karachi was reportedly paralyzed as well due to widespread power outages. Further north in Hyderabad, six others were killed by the storm.Xinhua General News July 27, 1989 Rains' death toll rises to 16 in Karachi, Pakistan Islamabad, Pakistan (Accessed through LexisNexis) Throughout the country, at least 31 people were killed.Associated Press July 27, 1989 Thousands Dead Throughout Asia In Floods, Mudslides Beijing, China (Accessed through LexisNexis) Deep Depression BOB 05 NIO August 16 August 17 BOB05 1989 path.png 30On August 16, a tropical depression formed in the Bay of Bengal. It moved northward before making landfall near Andhra Pradesh on August 17. Depression BOB 06 NIO October 17 October 18 BOB06 1989 path.png 25Through October 17-18, a weak depression existed in the Bay of Bengal, making landfall in Bangladesh. Across the country, heavy rains and high winds, estimated at 60 to 70 km/h mph on, caused significant damage. At least 100 people were injured and 1,000 homes were damaged or destroyed, mainly in the Chandpur District. Following the storm, the Bangladesh Red Crescent Society dispatched four medical teams and relief materials to the affected regions.Xinhua General News October 19, 1989 Storm batters Southeast Bangladesh Dhaka, Bangladesh (Accessed through LexisNexis) Super Cyclonic Storm BOB 07 (Gay) NIO November 4 (entered basin) November 10 Gay 1989-11-08 0826Z.jpg Gay 1989 path.png 125 140 930 Typhoon Gay (1989) On November 2, a tropical depression, later named Gay, developed in the Gulf of Thailand and favorable atmospheric conditions allowed the system to undergo rapid intensification. By November 3, Gay had intensified to a Category 3-equivalent typhoon before striking Thailand. Crossing the Kra Isthmus in approximately six hours, the system emerged into the Bay of Bengal as a Category 1-equivalent cyclone and assumed a west-northwesterly track towards India. For the next four days, the storm gradually reorganized before reaching a small area favorable for more significant intensification late on November 6. Hours before making landfall in India, Gay attained its peak intensity as a Category 5-equivalent cyclone with winds estimated at 260 km/h mph on 5.Lt. Dianne K. Crittenden Joint Typhoon Warning Center United States Navy 1990 June 8, 2012 1989 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report: Typhoon Gay (32W) 166–172 http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1989atcr.pdf dead https://web.archive.org/web/20130221101605/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1989atcr.pdf February 21, 2013 Additionally, the IMD estimated that the storm had three-minute sustained winds of 240 km/h mph on 5, classifying Gay as a modern-day Super Cyclonic Storm.G.S. Mandal and Akhilesh Gupta Indian Meteorological Society Advances in Tropical Meteorology 1996 New Delhi, India The Wind Structure, Size and Damage Potential of Some Recent Cyclone of Hurricane Intensity in the North Indian Ocean 421 50Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery September 2011 June 8, 2012 Cyclones, storm surges, floods, landslides 9 https://www.gfdrr.org/gfdrr/sites/gfdrr.org/files/1_Introduction.pdf dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120426055441/https://www.gfdrr.org/gfdrr/sites/gfdrr.org/files/1_Introduction.pdf April 26, 2012 The powerful storm soon made landfall near Kavali, India, in Andhra Pradesh before rapidly weakening onshore. The system eventually dissipated over Maharashtra on November 10. In Thailand, the storm caused extensive damage both onshore and off, killing 833 people and inflicting approximately 11000000000 ฿ (496500000 US$) in damage.Vipa Rungdilokroajn Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua February 1990 December 16, 2011 Natural Disasters in Thailand Bangkok, Thailand http://desastres.unanleon.edu.ni/pdf2/2006/abril/parte2/pdf/eng/doc5692/doc5692-contenido.pdf dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120426052009/http://desastres.unanleon.edu.ni/pdf2/2006/abril/parte2/pdf/eng/doc5692/doc5692-contenido.pdf April 26, 2012 Asian Disaster Reduction Center 1998 December 15, 2011 Thailand Country Report http://www.adrc.asia/countryreport/THA/THAeng98/index.html October 22, 2013 https://web.archive.org/web/20131022174840/http://www.adrc.asia/countryreport/THA/THAeng98/index.html dead Striking India as a powerful cyclone, Gay damaged or destroyed about 20,000 homes in Andhra Pradesh, leaving 100,000 people homeless.Reuters Los Angeles Timesornia November 11, 1989 June 8, 2012 Typhoon Death Toll Rises; 500 Missing Off Thailand Coast https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-11-11-mn-1002-story.html In that country, 69 deaths and 410000000 Indian Rupee (25270000 US$) in damage were attributed to Gay.S. Raghavan and S. Rajesh Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society May 2003 Trends in Tropical Cyclone Impact: A Study in Andhra Pradesh, India 10.1175/BAMS-84-5-635 85 5 635–644 2003BAMS...84..635R freeIndia Meteorological Department 1999 June 8, 2012 Historical records of Severe Cyclones which formed in the Bay of Bengal and made landfall at the eastern coast of India during the period from 1970–1999 http://www.imd.gov.in/section/nhac/static/cyclone-history-bb.htm dead https://web.archive.org/web/20150717083945/http://www.imd.gov.in/section/nhac/static/cyclone-history-bb.htm July 17, 2015 Deep Depression BOB 09 NIO November 16 November 20 BOB09 1989 path.png 30The last storm of the season was a slow moving depression that formed over the Bay of Bengal, northeast of Sri Lanka. It meandered in the same general area for four days before dissipating. Other systems A depression formed in the Bay of Bengal on June 20, with the designation BOB 03. It dissipated after only a few hours. Brief depression formed over the Bay of Bengal before dissipating just north of Sri Lanka the same day. It was designated as BOB 08. See also Tropical cyclones North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone 1989 Atlantic hurricane season 1989 Pacific hurricane season 1989 Pacific typhoon season Australian cyclone seasons: 1988–89, 1989–90 South Pacific cyclone seasons: 1988–89, 1989–90 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 1988–89, 1989–90 References 2 External links India Meteorological Department Joint Typhoon Warning Center https://web.archive.org/web/20150809201922/http://www.usno.navy.mil/JTWC/ 2015-08-09 1980 North Indian Ocean cyclone 1989 Category:Articles which contain graphical timelines