1945 Brazilian general election

none 1945 Brazilian general election Brazil 1889 2 December 1945 yes Presidential election 130x130px 82.13% 1934 Brazilian presidential election 1934 1950 Brazilian general election 1950 presidential Eurico Dutra GASPARDUTRA (cropped).jpg Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–65) 3,251,507 55.39% Eduardo Gomes Eduardo Gomes, Brigadeiro (cropped).tif National Democratic Union (Brazil) 2,039,341 34.74% Yedo Fiúza Iêdo Fiúza (cropped).tif Brazilian Communist Party 569,818 9.71% President José Linhares Independent (politician) President-elect Eurico Gaspar Dutra Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–65) 1945 Brazilian Election Map by Winning Canidate Percentage.svg Results by state yes Chamber of Deputies yes 1934 1947 All 286 seats in the Chamber of Deputies Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–65) Nereu Ramos 42.74 151 National Democratic Union (Brazil) Otávio Mangabeira 26.59 81 PTB 10.19 22 Brazilian Communist Party Luís Carlos Prestes 8.63 14 PR Artur Bernardes 3.71 9 PPS #970B0B Miguel Reale 1.81 4 PDC 1.72 2 PRP Plínio Salgado 1.59 2 PL 0.97 1 yes Senate yes 1934 1947 All 42 seats in the Senate Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 1945–65) Nereu Ramos 38.03 25 National Democratic Union (Brazil) Otávio Mangabeira 24.30 12 Brazilian Communist Party Luís Carlos Prestes 9.86 1 PTB 9.76 3 PPS #970B0B Miguel Reale 1.58 1 General elections were held in Brazil on 2 December 1945,Dieter Nohlen (2005) Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II, p173 978-0-19-928358-3 the first since the establishment of Getúlio Vargas' Estado Novo. The presidential elections were won by Eurico Gaspar Dutra of the Social Democratic Party (PSD), whilst the PSD also won a majority of seats in both the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. Voter turnout was 83% in the presidential election, 81% in the Chamber elections and 73% in the Senate elections. Background Following the end of World War II, Vargas was forced by the military to re-democratize the country. However, the military feared that Vargas would suspend the elections like he had suspended the scheduled 1938 elections in 1937 and staged a preventative coup which prematurely removed Vargas from power on 29 October 1945 and installed a caretaker government led by José Linhares to ensure the free and fair carry-out of the elections. During this era of liberalization, Vargas founded two parties: the Social Democratic Party (PSD), a centre-right party composed primarily of the national industrial bourgeoisie which had supported Vargas and his interventors in the states, and the Brazilian Labour Party (PTB) composed of the urban working class and trade union movement. The PSD would become the largest party of the two, although Vargas used the PTB as his personal machine. The PSD consistently had the largest number of deputies until the 1964 military coup. The Varguista coalition had nominated Vargas' War Minister Eurico Gaspar Dutra earlier in 1945, but the PTB and Vargas offered Dutra's fledgling candidacy only lukewarm support. Vargas' traditional opponents had founded the National Democratic Union (UDN) in April 1945. The UDN, a conservative party defending economic liberalism through public incentive to foreign capital, was mostly a party of intellectuals and the urban middle-class, as well as the remnants of the oligarchic interests of the República Velha. It nominated the former tenente and Air Force brigadier Eduardo Gomes, later known for participating in the 1964 coup, as its presidential candidate. Gomes notably advocated repealing a majority of the social legislation and labour reforms passed during the Vargas rule. The recently legalized Brazilian Communist Party elected 14 deputies, and the party's popular leader, Luís Carlos Prestes was elected to the Senate in Guanabara. Getúlio Vargas, nominated by the PSD and his Brazilian Labour Party (PTB) in various states including Rio Grande do Sul was elected to the Senate representing Rio Grande do Sul and São Paulo as well as elected to the Chamber in six states and Rio de Janeiro.Bourne, R: Getulio Vargas of Brazil, 1883-1954 Sphinx of the Pampas, page 135. C. Knight, 1974. He opted to accept the Senate seat he won for the PSD (although he supported the PTB) in Rio Grande do Sul. Former President Artur Bernardes standing for election to the Senate in Minas Gerais for the Republican Party was defeated, placing third with 21.4% of the vote. Results President Eurico Gaspar Dutra Social Democratic Party 3251507 Eduardo Gomes National Democratic Union 2039341 Yedo Fiúza Brazilian Communist Party 569818 Mário Rolim Teles pt National Agrarian Party (Brazil) pt Partido Agrário Nacional National Agrarian Party 10001 330138 7549849 Nohlen Chamber of Deputies Social Democratic Party 2531944 151 National Democratic Union 1575375 81 Brazilian Labour Party 603500 22 Brazilian Communist Party 511302 14 Republican Party 219562 9 Syndicalist Popular Party 107321 4 #970B0B Christian Democratic Party 101636 2 Popular Representation Party 94447 2 Progressive Renewal Party 70675 0 Liberator Party 57341 1 Democratic Republican Party 33647 0 National Agrarian Party (Brazil) pt Partido Agrário Nacional National Agrarian Party 17866 0 198248 7499670 Nohlenhttps://books.google.com/books?id=ijfvBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA146 Handbuch der Wahldaten Lateinamerikas und der Karibik: Band 1: Politische Organisation und Repräsentation in Amerika Dieter Nohlen July 2, 2013 Springer-Verlag Google Books 146 978-3-322-99762-3 Senate In the Senate elections each voter had two votes.Nohlen, p210 Social Democratic Party 4225389 25 National Democratic Union 2699493 12 Brazilian Communist Party 1095834 1 Brazilian Labour Party 1084553 3 Republican Party 443654 0 Syndicalist Popular Party 175452 1 #970B0B Progressive Renewal Party 60820 0 Democratic Republican Party 11125 0 Liberator Party 7326 0 Social Progressive Party 3584 0 National Agrarian Party (Brazil) pt Partido Agrário Nacional National Agrarian Party 3533 0 Coalitions 583207 0 Independents 716715 0 5130965 293097 7418930 Nohlen (votes) References Category:Parliamentary elections in Brazil Category:Presidential elections in Brazil Brazil General Brazil Category:Election and referendum articles with incomplete results