1891 West Derbyshire by-election

UK parliamentary by-election April 2022 The 1891 West Derbyshire by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of West Derbyshire on 2 June 1891. Vacancy The vacancy was caused by the death, on 18 May 1891, from pneumonia following a bout of influenza of the sitting Liberal Unionist MP, Lord Edward Cavendish.The Times, 19 May 1891 p5 Cavendish was a younger son of the Duke of Devonshire.F M L Thompson, William Cavendish, seventh duke of Devonshire; Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online, OUP 2004-13 Lord Cavendish had held the West Derbyshire seat, which was historically associated with the family of the Dukes of Devonshire, since its creation in 1885 first as a Liberal but after 1886, at which election he was returned unopposed, as a Liberal Unionist.F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results, 1885-1918; Macmillan Press, 1974 p254 Cavendish had also previously served as Liberal MP for East Sussex from 1865 – 1868 and for North Derbyshire from 1880– 1885.F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results, 1832-1885; Macmillan Press, 1977 pp 372, & 470 Candidates At first it appeared that the by-election arising from Cavendish’s death would be contested. It was reported that the Liberal Unionists had approached Lord Edward’s son, the Hon.Victor Cavendish to take over from his father and that the Conservatives were also considering putting forward a candidate, Mr F C Arkwright of Willersley Castle,The Times, 19 May 1891 p7 who had been Lord Edward’s opponent in 1885.F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results, 1885-1918; Macmillan Press, 1974 p254 In the end however the Tories did not follow up this suggestion and Arkwright himself was one of the signatories to Cavendish’s nomination papers.The Times, 3 June 1891 p5 Victor Cavendish quickly assented to run as his father’s successor as a Liberal Unionist and very much in his father’s shoes, identifying his political outlook and policy considerations as those previously held by Lord Edward. He stood, he said, for those principles of progress which his family had always supported, many measures of Liberal progress having been carried forward by the current Unionist government, with whose foreign policies he stated he was in complete agreement. In his address to the electorate, he placed himself within the Liberal, rather than the Conservative political tradition, but regretted the route the Gladstonian majority of the Liberal Party had chosen in seeking to identify the cause of Liberalism with what he described as constitutional changes inconsistent with the supremacy of Parliament, i.e. Irish Home Rule.The Times, 26 May 1891 p10 The Liberal Party had no candidate in the field and it was not expected they would wish to contest the election. However it was reported that the Liberals in Matlock were keen to fight the seat and proposed to consult with Francis Schnadhorst, the well-known Liberal organiser in the days of the Birmingham caucus and since 1877 secretary of the National Liberal Federation.The Times, 26 May 1891 p10 There was no apparent enthusiasm amongst Gladstonian Liberals in London to engage in a contest however, on the contrary it was reported they wished to avoid an election at that time.The Times, 27 May 1891 p10 Nevertheless, Cavendish proceeded as if there would be a contested election, his agent arranging a series of public meetings in the constituency with guest speakers including Edward Heneage, Liberal Unionist MP for Great Grimsby and Sir Henry James, the MP for Bury.The Times, 26 May 1891 p10 Result The writ of election was received at Derby on 26 May and nomination day was set for 2 June at Bakewell Town Hall.The Times, 27 May 1891 p10 Eight nomination papers were submitted for Cavendish and there being no other nominations he was therefore returned unopposed.The Times, 3 June 1891 p5 He took his seat in the House of Commons on 8 June 1891 and represented West Derbyshire until 1908 when he succeeded to the peerage as the 9th Duke of Devonshire.F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results, 1885-1918; Macmillan Press, 1974 p254 West Derbyshire by-election, 1891 Liberal Unionist Party Hon.Victor Cavendish Unopposed N/A N/A Liberal Unionist Party References See also 1900 West Derbyshire by-election 1967 West Derbyshire by-election 1986 West Derbyshire by-election List of United Kingdom by-elections United Kingdom by-election records West Derbyshire by-election West Derbyshire by-election Category:19th century in Derbyshire Category:By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in Derbyshire constituencies Category:Unopposed by-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in English constituencies West Derbyshire by-election