1991 Uzbek presidential election

none Uzbekistan presidential 10,515,066 94.16% 1990 Uzbek presidential election 1990 29 December 1991 2000 Uzbek presidential election 2000 Islam karimov ITN.jpg Islam Karimov People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan 006400 8,514,136 87.14% Muhammad Salih, 2006 (cropped).jpg Muhammad Salih Erk 1,220,474 12.49% 1991 Uzbek presidential election - Results by region.svg Results by region President Islam Karimov Communist Party of the Soviet Union Islam Karimov People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan Direct presidential elections were held for the first time in Uzbekistan on 29 December 1991.Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I, p490 0-19-924958-X Their result was a victory for Islam Karimov of the People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan, who won with 87% of the vote. Voter turnout was reported to be 94%.Nohlen et al., p496 The elections were held alongside an independence referendum. The elections were the only presidential elections in Uzbekistan to date to feature a genuine opposition candidate. Every election since has been considered to feature only token opposition candidates.Two Steps Backward In Uzbekistan Karimov later ruled until his death in 2016. Background Karimov had been elected the first President of the Uzbek SSR by the Supreme Soviet on 24 March 1990, with 491 votes in favour and 7 against.Nikolai Borisov (2018) Президентство на постсоветском пространстве: процессы генезиса и трансформаций p35Orphaned Dictator: The Making Of Uzbekistan's Islam Karimov RFERL, 24 March 2015 Candidates Initially several prominent figures were interested in running. Besides Karimov and Muhammad Salih, a prominent opposition leader, Abdurakhim Pulatov from Unity and Abdullah Utayev, leader of Islamic Renaissance Party of Uzbekistan, both declared their candidacy. However, they were unable to register due to obstacles placed in their way by the government: Pulatov failed to gather enough signatures while Utayev was unable to register as his party was not recognized by the government. Pulatov claimed that the government wanted to prevent him from running due to a new election law which required candidates to collect signatures in only few days.https://www.bbc.com/uzbek/uzbekistan/2011/08/110827_cy_ferghana_for_god2.shtml Би-би-си архивидан: 'Ҳилол ва юлдуз - Оллоҳга ошиқ Фарғона'. 2-қисм BBC Oʻzbek 2019-11-21https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4S01cn1rLAk https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211215/4S01cn1rLAk 2021-12-15 live Часть фильма Би-би-си "Полумесяц и звезда — влюблённая в Аллаха Фергана", посвященная оппозиции в Узбекистане BBC Oʻzbek (YouTube) 2019-11-21 Martha Brill Olcott https://books.google.com/books?id=8gmVCwAAQBAJ&dq=%D0%8E%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD+%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D1%83%D0%B9%D2%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%88+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%B8&pg=PA192 In the Whirlwind of Jihad 2012 192 978-0-87003-259-2Human Rights and Democratization in the Newly Independent States ..., Volume 88 Ultimately Salih was the only opposition candidate. Despite having a real opposition candidate, Karimov was expected to win due to his control of government apparatus and state media. Salih was only given 15 minutes airtime on several television stations, while Karimov's speeches were aired regularly. Salih focused his campaign on promising to liberalize the political, social and economic spheres, while Karimov was focused on sovereignty and the social and spiritual revival of Uzbekistan.Uzbekistan’s International Relations Results Officially, Karimov was re-elected in a landslide, beating Salih with just over 87 percent of the vote. However, observers stated the election was heavily rigged by Karimov's government, with many violations of regulations and ballot stuffing. In the early election results, Salih had received 30% of vote and Karimov 40%, potentially requiring a second round. However, a few hours later the results were revised to state Karimov was the winner with over 50 percent of the vote.Uzbekistan: Opposition Erk Party Wants in on October Presidential Electionhttps://meduza.io/galleries/2015/03/31/vechnyy-prezident Вечный президент Узбекистан Ислама Каримова: фотоистория Meduza 2019-10-08https://www.svoboda.org/a/24202038.html Выборы Каримова в Узбекистане Радио Свобода 2019-10-08 Several independent observers claimed that Salih had received over 50% of vote.Erk, Uzbekistan's First Opposition Party, Says It Will Attempt To Field A Presidential Candidate Salih told the Helsinki Commission that he had actually received 30% of vote, implying that he had conceded that Karimov was the winner of the election. However, he also protested the election process was unfair.The Referendum on Independence and Presidential Election in Uzbekistan ... He later joined Pulatov in demanding fresh elections under a new electoral law in a student protest.Erk, Uzbekistan's First Opposition Party, Says It Will Attempt To Field A Presidential Candidate However, in the end Karimov's regime suppressed the protest and Pulatov and Salih later went into exile.Uzbekistan’s International Relations Islam Karimov People's Democratic Party 8514136 People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan (1991) Muhammad Salih Erk 1220474 Against all 36525 129823 10515066 Nohlen et al. References Uzbekistan Presidential election Category:Presidential elections in Uzbekistan