12-inch/35-caliber gun

June 2017 12"/35 caliber Mark 1 & 2 Naval Gun US Navy Battleship USS Iowa BB-4 Crewmen Pose 1898.jpg Iowa BB-4 6 – Crewmen pose by the ship's forward 12"/35 gun turret, 1898. The left-hand gun burst 9 April 1903, killing three crew men. United States Naval gun YES YES 1896 United States Navy * Spanish–American War World War I Bureau of Ordnance US Naval Gun Factory Mark 1: 8 (Nos. 1–8) Mark 2: 7 (Nos. 9–14, 57) Mark 1 and Mark 2 102550 lb (with breech) 100800 lb (without breech) 441 in 425 in bore (35 calibers) 870 lb armor-piercing 12 in mm 3 1 rounds per minute 2100 ft/s 12000 yd 0 at 15° elevation (max elevation of turrets) 21000 yd 0 at 30° elevation Marks 1:-3° to +15° Marks 2:−5° to +15° Marks 3:−3° to +14° −150° to +150° The 12"/35 caliber gun (spoken "twelve-inch-thirty-five–caliber") were used for the primary batteries of the United States Navy's "New Navy" monitors Puritan BM-1 2 and Monterey BM-6 2 and the battleships Texas 1892 2 and Iowa BB-4 2.Navweaps 2016 Mark 1 The Navy's Policy Board call for a variety of large caliber weapons in 1890, with ranges all the way up to 16 in 0 on out, led to the development of the 12 in 0 on out/35 caliber gun. The Mark 1, gun Nos. 1–8, was constructed of gun steel, having a tube, jacket, ten hoops and a locking ring. The Mod 0, the original design, had the inner hoop starting 6 in from the breech and running out to the muzzle, with the Mod 1 being hooped from breech to muzzle.Navweaps 2016Friedman 2011 Mark 2 The Mark 2, gun Nos. 9–14 and 57, was of similar construction to the Mark 1 but with seven hoops starting from the breech and running out to the muzzle. The Mark 2 Mod 1 and Mod 2 were also given a new nickel-steel liner.Navweaps 2016Friedman 2011 Incident Gun No. 9, mounted in Iowas forward turret in the left-hand position, was damaged on 9 April 1903, off Pensacola, Florida, when the chase, forward of the "D" hoop, was blown off during target practice. The gun had been assembled in 1895 at the US Naval Gun Factory. The gun had fired 127 rounds with the accident happening on the 128th round. No one inside the turret were injured, but fragments of the chase were driven through the deck under the muzzle killing three men on the deck below; four others were slightly wounded. The gun was removed and sent back to the Naval Gun Factory to be examined by a special board. Their theory was that a pressure wave had built up from the burning of older smokeless powder used.O'Neil 1903 16–17 Naval Service ShipGun InstalledGun MountPuritan BM-1Mark 1: 12"/35 caliber (Nos. 5–8)Mark 1: 2 × twin turretsMonterey BM-6Mark 1: 12"/35 caliber (Nos. 1–2)Mark 1: 1 × twin turretTexas 1892Mark 1: 12"/35 caliber (Nos. 3–4)Mark 2: 2 × single turretsIowa BB-4Mark 2: 12"/35 caliber (Nos. 9–14) (No. 9 replaced with No. 57)Mark 3: 2 × twin turrets See also Weapons of comparable role, performance and era 12-inch gun M1895 - contemporary US Army coast defense weapon BL 12-inch Mk VIII naval gun - contemporary British naval weapon Canon de 305 mm Modèle 1893/96 gun - contemporary French naval and railway weapon Notes References Books O'Neil Charles Report of the Chief of the Bureau of Ordnance to the Secretary of the Navy https://books.google.com/books?id=vTksAAAAYAAJ Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 1 October 1903 12 October 2016 Friedman Norman Norman Friedman https://books.google.com/books?id=yh3OAwAAQBAJ Naval Weapons of World War One Seaforth Publishing 2011 978-1-84832-100-7 Online sources http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNUS_12-35_mk1.php United States of America 12"/35 (30.5 cm) Mark 1 and Mark 2 Navweaps 19 July 2016 13 October 2016 Navweaps 2016 External links Bluejackets Manual, 1917, 4th revision: US Navy 14-inch Mark 1 gun Category:Naval guns of the United States Category:305 mm artillery