1991 in spaceflight

none For launches in the first half of the year, see 1991 in spaceflight (January–June), for launches in the second half, see 1991 in spaceflight (July–December). March 2022 January 2014 January 2014 This was the final year of the Soviet Union, and thus the end of the Cold War competition between the two space superpowers. The number of launches subsequently declined in the 1990s, and 2018 was the first year since 1990 to have more than 100 orbital launches. 1991 1991_s37_GRO_copy.jpg The crew of STS-37 deploys the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory. 8 January 28 December 91 86 3 2 Ariane 4 44PAtlas II Vostok-2M 8 36 Timeline of spaceflight 1990 1992 2 right on 1991 yes Orbital and suborbital launches 1991 in spaceflight (January–June) 1991 in spaceflight (July–December) Deep Space Rendezvous in 1991 Date (GMT)SpacecraftEventRemarks29 October Galileo First flyby of asteroid - 951 Gaspra Closest approach: 1600 km EVAs Start date/timeDurationEnd timeSpacecraftCrewRemarks7 January17:035 hours18 minutes22:21Mir EO-8USSRViktor AfanasyevUSSRMusa ManarovSuccessfully repaired the damaged hatch on the Kvant-2 airlock and also positioned equipment for installation in a later EVA.23 January10:595 hours33 minutes16:32Mir EO-8Kvant-2USSRViktor AfanasyevUSSRMusa ManarovInstalled the new Stela boom on the base block.26 January09:006 hours20 minutes15:20Mir EO-8Kvant-2USSRViktor AfanasyevUSSRMusa ManarovInstalled supports on Kvant-1 to hold the solar arrays installed on Kristall.7 April4 hours26 minutesSTS-37104 noUSAJerry L. RossUSAJerome AptWhen the boom antenna on the GRO satellite would not extend, Ross and Apt exited the shuttle on an unplanned EVA to extend the boom to prepare for final release into orbit.http://www.nss.org/resources/library/shuttlevideos/shuttle39.htm Space Shuttle Flight 39 (STS-37) 27 February 2009 2008 Space Shuttle Video Library National Space Society https://web.archive.org/web/20081127104602/http://www.nss.org/resources/library/shuttlevideos/shuttle39.htm 27 November 2008 dead 8 April5 hours47 minutesSTS-37AtlantisUSAJerry L. RossUSAJerome AptInstalled and tested several monorail-type mobility tools for future space station construction.25 April20:293 hours34 minutes26 April00:03Mir EO-8Kvant-2USSRViktor AfanasyevUSSRMusa ManarovInspected and filmed the Kurs antenna on Kvant-1, finding that one of the antenna dishes was missing and then re-installed the camera on Kvant-2 that was removed and repaired.24 June21:114 hours58 minutes25 June02:09Mir EO-9Kvant-2USSRAnatoly ArtsebarskyUSSRSergei KrikalyovReplaced the damaged Kurs antenna on Kvant-1 and performed assembly tests on an experimental structural joint.28 June19:023 hours24 minutes22:26Mir EO-9Kvant-2USSRAnatoly ArtsebarskyUSSRSergei KrikalyovAttached TREK, a type of cosmic ray detector developed at the University of California, to the outside of Mir. Price P. B. Lowder D. M. Westphal A. J. Wilkes R. D. Brennen R. A. Afanasyev V. G. Akimov V. V. Rodin V. G. Baryshnikov G. K. Gorshkov L. A. Shvets N. I. Tsigankov O. S. TREK: A cosmic-ray experiment on the Russian space station MIR 10.1007/BF00645077 Astrophysics and Space Science 197 121–143 1992 1 1992Ap&SS.197..121P 122308810 15 July11:455 hours56 minutes17:41Mir EO-9Kvant-2USSRAnatoly ArtsebarskyUSSRSergei KrikalyovMoved ladders and the base platform parts for the Sofora girder using the Strela boom from the airlock at Kvant-2 and installed them on Kvant-1.19 July11:105 hours28 minutes16:38Mir EO-9Kvant-2USSRAnatoly ArtsebarskyUSSRSergei KrikalyovStarted construction of the Sofora girder by installing three of 20 structural pieces.23 July09:155 hours42 minutes14:57Mir EO-9Kvant-2USSRAnatoly ArtsebarskyUSSRSergei KrikalyovContinued the construction of the Sofora girder by installing eleven more of the 20 girder pieces.27 July08:446 hours49 minutes15:33Mir EO-9Kvant-2USSRAnatoly ArtsebarskyUSSRSergei KrikalyovCompleted assembly of the Sofora girder and mounted a small Russian flag on top of the structure. Artsebarsky had trouble with fogging on his visor, due to overexertion, but Krikalyov was able to lead him back to the airlock. References Footnotes 2 1991 on expanded Category:Spaceflight by year