2010 G20 Toronto summit

Governmental economic meeting September 2026 September 2026 G20 Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy 4th G20 summit 2010 G-20 Toronto summit logo.svg Official photo session - 4763025214.jpg Canada Metro Toronto Convention Centre Toronto 26–27 June 2010 3rd 5th yes Stephen Harper The fourth meeting of the G20 heads of state/government, to discuss the global financial system and the world economy, took place at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on 26–27 June 2010. The summit's priorities included evaluating the progress of financial reform, developing sustainable stimulus measures,G-20 countries set deficit and debt-reducing goals http://articles.marketwatch.com/2010-06-27/economy/30783027_1_g-20-deficit-debt-to-gdp-ratio https://archive.today/20130128111239/http://articles.marketwatch.com/2010-06-27/economy/30783027_1_g-20-deficit-debt-to-gdp-ratio dead 28 January 2013 Ronald D. Orol 27 June 2010 The Wall Street Journal New York City marketwatch.com 2012-03-27 debating global bank tax,https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/background-summit-issues/article1547024/ Background: Summit Issues The Globe and Mail theglobeandmail.com April 28, 2010 2010-06-20 Toronto https://web.archive.org/web/20100711124423/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/background-summit-issues/article1547024/ 11 July 2010 live and promoting open markets.http://pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?id=3209 Statement by the Prime Minister of Canada Government of Canada 18 March 2010 2010-05-20 https://web.archive.org/web/20100420021101/http://pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?id=3209 20 April 2010 dead Alongside the twenty-one representatives of the G20 major economies, leaders of six invited nations, and eight additional intergovernmental organizations also took part in the summit. Prior to the summit, Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper announced that the theme would be "recovery and new beginnings," referring to an anticipated economic stimulus from the impact of the ongoing world recession.PM announces participation of key leaders at the Toronto G-20 Summit this June http://pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?id=3342 8 May 2010 Government of Canada 2012-03-27 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120306065834/http://pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?id=3342 6 March 2012 Harper initially proposed to hold the summit in Huntsville, Ontario, where the 36th G8 summit was scheduled immediately prior. Organizers later deemed the town insufficient to provide hospitality for the large number of G20 delegates and journalists, favouring Toronto as the host location.Rob Gillies Opposition miffed by $1 billion summit security http://archive.boston.com/news/world/canada/articles/2010/05/26/opposition_miffed_by_1_billion_summit_security/ boston.com The Boston Globe 26 May 2010 2012-04-04 live https://web.archive.org/web/20131213121433/http://www.boston.com/news/world/canada/articles/2010/05/26/opposition_miffed_by_1_billion_summit_security/ 13 December 2013 Organizers formed an Integrated Security Unit, consisting of police officers from several regional departments, to provide security during the summit in Downtown Toronto.http://www.torontopolice.on.ca/g20/ G20 Toronto Toronto Police Service 2010-05-20 https://web.archive.org/web/20100701105703/http://www.torontopolice.on.ca/g20/ 1 July 2010 dead The event was part of the largest and most expensive security operation in Canadian history.Alcoba, Natalie http://mostlywater.org/g8g20_be_biggest_security_operation_canadian_history National Post G8/G20: Gearing up for the biggest security event in Canadian history Mostly Water 25 February 2010 2012-03-27 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20100308000206/http://mostlywater.org/g8g20_be_biggest_security_operation_canadian_history 8 March 2010 Many hundreds of members of the public were wrongfully detained, some held in inhumane conditions.https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/g20-toronto-police-regret-1.5767958 Toronto police say they 'regret that mistakes were made' in G20 mass arrests following major settlement CBC News 2021-10-02 2021-10-02 https://web.archive.org/web/20211002201459/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/g20-toronto-police-regret-1.5767958 live The total combined cost between the 36th G8 summit in Huntsville and the G20 summit in Toronto including security, infrastructure, and hospitality, was determined to be approximately C$858 million.G8/G20 costs top $857M https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/g8-g20-costs-top-857m-1.915254 CBC.ca CBC News 5 November 2010 2012-04-01 live https://web.archive.org/web/20101107005715/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/g8-g20-costs-top-857m-1.915254 7 November 2010 Agenda Many leaders of the G20 disagreed about which issues should be discussed at the summit.Roya Wolverson http://www.cfr.org/publication/22542/g20s_twenty_agendas.html?breadcrumb=%2Fpublication%2Fby_type%2Fbackgrounder The G20's Twenty Agendas Council on Foreign Relations 24 June 2010 2012-03-27 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20100816181826/http://www.cfr.org/publication/22542/g20s_twenty_agendas.html?breadcrumb=%2Fpublication%2Fby_type%2Fbackgrounder 16 August 2010 The prime focus of the summit discussions was the recovery from the ongoing global recession and the European debt crisis. Summit leaders were divided over which strategies would be best for tackling these problems. The European Union emphasized the need to cut their deficits by focusing on austerity measures. In contrast, the United States emphasized the importance of maintaining economic stimulus spending in order to encourage growth.http://english.aljazeera.net/news/2010/06/2010627114252622620.html Recession recovery tops G20 agenda Al Jazeera Qatar 28 June 2010 2012-04-06 live https://web.archive.org/web/20110205064133/http://english.aljazeera.net/news/2010/06/2010627114252622620.html 5 February 2011 In summit discussions, the countries of the European Union explained projected reductions in spending and balanced budgets. Alternatively, China, India, and the United States argued in favor of increased stimulus funding to mitigate the effects of recession. Among the specifics proposed by the European Union were a global bank tax and a Robin Hood tax, but the United States and Canada opposed these plans.Rhodri Davies http://english.aljazeera.net/focus/2010/06/201062571713780493.html G20:Battles within and outside Al Jazeera Qatar 26 June 2010 2012-04-06 live https://web.archive.org/web/20110205064503/http://english.aljazeera.net/focus/2010/06/201062571713780493.html 5 February 2011 Other topics of concern were international development and continuing international aid to Africa and other developing nations.Forgotten Goals http://english.aljazeera.net/programmes/insidestory/2010/06/2010624125511683950.html Al Jazeera Qatar 27 June 2010 2012-04-06 live https://web.archive.org/web/20101223232112/http://english.aljazeera.net/programmes/insidestory/2010/06/2010624125511683950.html 23 December 2010 Some invitees expressed criticism of Israel's Gaza strip blockade and of the nuclear programs of North Korea and the United States raised issues of corruption and security in Afghanistan. Preparations 2010 G20 Toronto summit preparations Security thumb|right|Security fencing erected along the middle of Wellington Street Security officials began preparing for summit security in Toronto in February 2010.G20 police didn't have time to prepare: chief https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/g20-police-didn-t-have-time-to-prepare-chief-1.994882 24 June 2010 CBC News CBC.ca 2012-04-07 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120323090701/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/story/2011/06/24/g20-police-union-report652.html 23 March 2012 General policing and patrolling was provided by the Toronto Police Service, the Ontario Provincial Police, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and the Canadian Forces, while the Peel Regional Police aided in policing at Toronto Pearson International Airport in Mississauga during the arrivals of delegates. The five departments formed an Integrated Security Unit (ISU), similar to the one created for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Additional officers were deployed from York Regional Police, Halton Regional Police Service,https://nationalpost.com/posted-toronto/peter-kuitenbrouwer-downtown-doesnt-feel-like-home-during-g20 Peter Kuitenbrouwer Downtown doesn't feel like home during G20 National Post nationalpost.com 22 June 2010 2012-03-27 live https://archive.today/20120703180037/http://news.nationalpost.com/2010/06/22/peter-kuitenbrouwer-downtown-doesnt-feel-like-home-during-g20/ 3 July 2012 Barrie Police Service, Greater Sudbury Police Service, Waterloo Regional Police Service, Niagara Regional Police Service, Hamilton Police Service, Ottawa Police Service,http://www.insidetoronto.com/news/article/839309--protesters-gather-at-allan-gardens-to-oppose-g20-summit Justin Skinner Toronto Star Protesters gather at Allan Gardens to oppose G20 Summit InsideToronto 25 June 2010 2012-03-27 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120229170723/http://www.insidetoronto.com/news/article/839309--protesters-gather-at-allan-gardens-to-oppose-g20-summit 29 February 2012 and Service de police de la Ville de Montréal. Calgary Police Service supplied 150 volunteer police officers a week before the summit.Nadia Moharib Calgary Sun 28 June 2010 http://www.calgarysun.com/news/alberta/2010/06/28/14548506.html Calgary cops return home from G8/G20 duty Calgarysun.com 2012-03-27 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120514075447/http://www.calgarysun.com/news/alberta/2010/06/28/14548506.html 14 May 2012 According to an early estimate by The Globe and Mail, 25,000 uniformed police officers, 1,000 security guards from Commissionaires Great Lakes, and several Canadian military forces were to be deployed during the summit.Mary Beth Currie http://www.mondaq.com/canada/article.asp?articleid=99928 Canada: Toronto G8 and G20 Summits – Employer Planning Issues Mondaq.com 6 May 2010 2012-03-27 https://web.archive.org/web/20100529210007/http://www.mondaq.com/canada/article.asp?articleid=99928 29 May 2010 live The North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) conducted Amalgam Virgo exercises on May 6 and 7 across the Greater Toronto Area using CF-18 Hornet jets, CH-124 Sea Kings, and CH-146 Griffon helicopters at low altitudes.Siri Agrell https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/blog-local-view/its-a-bird-its-a-plane-its-a-terrifying-display-of-military-might/article1558886/ It's a bird, it's a plane, it's a terrifying display of military might The Globe and Mail 6 May 2010 2012-03-27 Toronto https://web.archive.org/web/20100511031943/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/blog-local-view/its-a-bird-its-a-plane-its-a-terrifying-display-of-military-might/article1558886/ 11 May 2010 live The total cost for security at both the G8 and the G20 summits was determined to be $1.8 billion,Susan Delacourt https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/article/816123--what-can-1-billion-buy?bn=1 G20 security tab: What else could $1B buy? thestar.com 28 May 2010 2010-06-20 Toronto Star https://web.archive.org/web/20100601080201/http://www.thestar.com/news/canada/article/816123--what-can-1-billion-buy?bn=1 1 June 2010 live paid entirely by the federal Crown-in-Council, excluding the costs of any possible damage to local business.https://www.ctvnews.ca/security-chief-defends-high-cost-of-g8-g20-summits-1.516679 Security chief defends high cost of G8-G20 summits CTV News 28 May 2010 2010-06-04 https://web.archive.org/web/20100530062200/http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100528/g8-g20-costs-page-100528/20100528/?hub=TorontoNewHome 30 May 2010 dead The ISU created a security perimeter, beginning with the outer boundary, specifically bordered by King Street to the north, Lake Shore Boulevard to the south, Yonge Street to the east, and Spadina Avenue to the west, where vehicles would be restricted during the summit dates. Residents who lived within the security zone were issued registration cards prior to the summit and other pedestrians who wished to enter the security zone were only able to do so at one of 38 checkpoints, where they were required to present two pieces of photo identification and provide justification for entry.https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/825713--g20-survival-guide G20 survival guide thestar.com 18 June 2010 2010-06-20 Toronto Star Noor Javed https://web.archive.org/web/20100621072034/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/825713--g20-survival-guide 21 June 2010 live The area surrounding the Metro Toronto Convention Centre itself was fenced and off-limits to civilians and protesters.http://www.insidetoronto.com/news/local/article/823021--g20-traffic-and-perimeter-plans-unveiled G20 traffic and perimeter plans unveiled Inside Toronto insidetoronto.com Joanna Lavoie 28 May 2010 2012-03-28 live https://web.archive.org/web/20100610233601/http://www.insidetoronto.com/news/local/article/823021--g20-traffic-and-perimeter-plans-unveiled 10 June 2010 The 3 m ft 0 on high fence, contracted to SNC-Lavalin by Public Works and Government Services Canada and installed by two Gormley, Ontario-based companies,Mary Ormsby https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/825908--fortress-toronto-secrets-of-the-fence Fortress Toronto: Secrets of the fence thestar.com 19 June 2010 2012-03-26 https://web.archive.org/web/20100623014659/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/825908--fortress-toronto-secrets-of-the-fence 23 June 2010 live was built at a cost of $5.5-million and installation began on June 7.Kenyon Wallace https://nationalpost.com/posted-toronto/g20-torontos-controversial-security-fence-cost-5-5-million G20: Toronto's controversial security fence cost $5.5-million National Post nationalpost.com 10 June 2010 2012-03-27 https://archive.today/20100613000602/http://news.nationalpost.com/2010/06/10/g20-torontos-controversial-security-fence-cost-5-5-million/ 13 June 2010 live The Toronto Police Service installed 77 additional closed-circuit television security cameras in the area and purchased four Long Range Acoustic Devices which were to be in use exclusively during the summit.http://www.globalnational.com/Toronto+Police+sound+security+tools/3108050/story.html Police sound off on G20 security tools Globalnational.com 3 June 2010 2010-06-20 live https://web.archive.org/web/20110727114848/http://www.globalnational.com/Toronto+Police+sound+security+tools/3108050/story.html 27 July 2011 The ISU decided on also using water cannons for riot control.https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/826245--police-add-water-cannon-to-g20-arsenal?bn=1 Police add water cannon to G20 arsenal thestar.com 21 June 2010 2010-06-24 Toronto Star Jesse McLean https://web.archive.org/web/20100625002916/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/826245--police-add-water-cannon-to-g20-arsenal?bn=1 25 June 2010 live The security perimeter even extended into the waters of Lake Ontario and included a Maritime Security Operation with numerous Police vessels and the Canadian Coast Guard Ship Griffon patrolling to discourage international demonstrators from unlawful entry into Canada. Infrastructure A former film studio located on Eastern Avenue was designated as a temporary detention centre for individuals arrested during the summit.https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/protesters-prepare-for-g20-demonstrations-1.511503 Protesters prepare for G20 demonstrations Toronto.ctv.ca 11 May 2010 2012-03-27 CTV Toronto dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120310050941/http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100511/G20-Protest-100511/20100511/?hub=TorontoNewHome 10 March 2012 Toronto Police Service announced that Trinity Bellwoods Park would be the designated protest area, but following opposition from local residents, police relocated the designated protest zone to the northern part of Queen's Park.http://www.cp24.com/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100511/100511_protest/20100511/?hub=CP24Home Police chief reconfirms that Queen's Park will be designated protest area during G20 CP24 11 May 2010 2012-03-27 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120305161148/http://www.cp24.com/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100511/100511_protest/20100511/?hub=CP24Home 5 March 2012 Canada Post declared that it would remove post boxes in the security zone.Siri Agrell https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/blog-local-view/keep-those-cards-and-letters-coming/article1555282/ Keep those cards and letters coming ... The Globe and Mail 4 May 2010 2012-03-27 Toronto live https://web.archive.org/web/20121022075721/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/blog-local-view/keep-those-cards-and-letters-coming/article1555282/ 22 October 2012 Toronto Parking Authority removed some parking meters as well. Small trees along sidewalks around the convention centre were removed to prevent them from being used as weapons by protesters.http://www.680news.com/news/local/article/67011--trees-could-be-removed-around-metro-convention-centre-for-summit Trees could be removed around Metro Toronto Convention Centre for summit CFTR (AM) 680News Collin D'Mello 16 June 2010 2012-03-27 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120307155812/http://www.680news.com/news/local/article/67011--trees-could-be-removed-around-metro-convention-centre-for-summit 7 March 2012 http://www.cbc.ca/news/pointofview/2010/06/g20-is-security-going-too-far.html G20: Is security going too far? Cbc.ca 17 June 2010 2012-03-27 live https://web.archive.org/web/20100811053053/http://www.cbc.ca/news/pointofview/2010/06/g20-is-security-going-too-far.html 11 August 2010 Other removed municipal properties include 745 newspaper boxes, 200 public trash cans, 70 mailboxes, 29 bus shelters, and 5 public information boards.http://nationalpostnews.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/g20-fortress-new.jpg Fortress Toronto National Post 18 June 2010 2012-03-27 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120307122445/http://nationalpostnews.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/g20-fortress-new.jpg 7 March 2012 thumb|left|Shops near King subway station boarded up windows to prevent vandalism from protests Canada's largest banks, which are headquartered in Downtown Toronto, made plans to have employees work at alternate sites outside their downtown facilities, such as at home or in other branches.Richard Blackwell https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/news/banks-make-plans-for-employees-to-work-off-site-during-g20/article1562639/ Banks make plans for employees to work off-site during G20 The Globe and Mail 9 May 2010 2012-03-27 Toronto https://web.archive.org/web/20100513191326/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/news/banks-make-plans-for-employees-to-work-off-site-during-g20/article1562639/ 13 May 2010 live The Liquor Control Board of Ontario (LCBO) announced the closure of seven liquor stores in the downtown core during the summit as a precaution to looting.https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/police-ride-herd-as-g20-protesters-march-the-streets-1.524995 Police ride herd as G20 protesters march the streets CTV News Toronto.ctv.ca 29 April 2010 2012-03-27 https://web.archive.org/web/20100624024104/http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100621/lcbo_shut_down_100621/20100621/?hub=TorontoNewHome 24 June 2010 dead The PATH, CN Tower,https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/amid-g20-security-concerns-cn-tower-to-be-shut-1.514096 Amid G20 security concerns, CN Tower to be shut CTV News Toronto.ctv.ca 16 May 2010 2010-05-20 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20100521173059/http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100519/G20-shuts-CNTower-100519/20100519/?hub=TorontoNewHome 21 May 2010 University of Toronto,https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/u-of-t-to-shut-down-during-g20-summit-1.515368 U of T to shut down during G20 Summit CTV News Toronto.ctv.ca 24 May 2010 2012-03-27 https://web.archive.org/web/20100530051700/http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100524/G20-Shuts-UofT-100524/20100524/?hub=TorontoNewHome 30 May 2010 dead Art Gallery of Ontario,AGO to close for G20 weekend https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/ago-to-close-for-g20-weekend-1.917493 CBC.ca CBC News 7 June 2010 2012-03-27 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120512112828/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/story/2010/06/07/g20-ago-closing.html 12 May 2012 and the Ontario Legislative BuildingRob Ferguson https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/818484 Legislature closing for G20 summit thestar.com Toronto Star 3 June 2010 2012-03-27 https://web.archive.org/web/20100605071109/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/818484 5 June 2010 live were also closed to public during the summit dates. A three-game Major League Baseball series between the Toronto Blue Jays and the Philadelphia Phillies, scheduled June 25 to 27 at the Rogers Centre, was relocated to Citizens Bank Park in Philadelphia, after much discussion by league officials and amidst discontentment from fans, who highly anticipated the return of former Blue Jays pitcher Roy Halladay to Toronto after being traded to the Phillies;Mark Zwolinski https://www.thestar.com/sports/baseball/article/807716--g20-summit-scuppers-halladay-s-first-trip-to-toronto-as-a-phillie G20 summit scuppers Halladay's first trip to Toronto as a Philly Toronto Star thestar.com 11 May 2010 2012-03-27 https://web.archive.org/web/20100514101920/http://www.thestar.com/sports/baseball/article/807716--g20-summit-scuppers-halladay-s-first-trip-to-toronto-as-a-phillie 14 May 2010 liveAssociated Press https://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/12/sports/baseball/12bats.html?scp=1&sq=toronto&st=cse Halladay's Return To Toronto Is Rerouted to Philadelphia The New York Times 2010-05-11 2010-05-20 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120406110030/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/12/sports/baseball/12bats.html?scp=1&sq=toronto&st=cse 2012-04-06 Canada https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/baseball/jays---phillies-series-moving-to-philadelphia/article1564925/ Jays-Phillies series moving to Philadelphia The Globe and Mail 2010-05-11 2010-05-20 Toronto https://web.archive.org/web/20100514124128/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/baseball/jays---phillies-series-moving-to-philadelphia/article1564925/ 14 May 2010 live because the American League Blue Jays was still officially the "home" team, the series marked the first time in Major League history that the designated hitter was used in a National League ballpark during the regular season. Mirvish Productions cancelled performances of two musicals at its theatres, Rock of Ages and Mamma Mia!, during the week of the summit.http://www.playbill.com/news/article/140550-G20-Summit-Forces-Cancellation-of-Toronto-Mamma-Mia-and-Rock-of-Ages-Performances G20 Summit Forces Cancellation of Toronto Mamma Mia! and Rock of Ages Performances Adam Hetrick Playbill 18 June 2010 2012-03-27 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20100825032320/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/140550-G20-Summit-Forces-Cancellation-of-Toronto-Mamma-Mia-and-Rock-of-Ages-Performances 25 August 2010 Similarly, the Factory Theatre cancelled shows during the summit week.http://jam.canoe.com/Theatre/2010/06/05/14274891.html https://web.archive.org/web/20160309220757/http://jam.canoe.com/Theatre/2010/06/05/14274891.html dead March 9, 2016 John Coulbourne G20 summit dims Toronto musicals canoe.com 4 June 2010 2012-03-27 Highway 427 and the Gardiner Expressway, the route from Toronto Pearson International Airport in Mississauga to the Convention Centre in downtown, periodically closed down for motorcades, and police jammed wireless reception along the two highways.The Canadian Press http://www.680news.com/g20/article/64725--g8-g20-wireless-signal-blockers-unlikely-to-leave-cell-phone-users-in-a-jam G8-G20 wireless signal blockers unlikely to leave cell phone users in a jam CFTR (AM) 680News 2010-06-09 2010-06-20 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20110716052140/http://www.680news.com/g20/article/64725--g8-g20-wireless-signal-blockers-unlikely-to-leave-cell-phone-users-in-a-jam 2011-07-16 Exits to Yonge Street and Bay Street from the Gardiner Expressway were closed during the summit dates. Toronto Transit Commission announced that subway stations near the convention centre would remain open and operational, despite some detoured bus routes and the closure of Queens Quay Station.Don Peat http://www.torontosun.com/news/torontoandgta/2010/05/28/14179256.html G20 should cause only token disruption of TTC 28 May 2010 Toronto Sun torontosun.com 2012-03-27 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120126173045/http://www.torontosun.com/news/torontoandgta/2010/05/28/14179256.html 26 January 2012 Via Rail announced that it would not operate at Union Station during the summit dates,https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/via-rail-to-close-at-union-station-during-g20-1.518675 Via Rail to close at Union Station during G20 Canadian Press CTV News Toronto.ctv.ca 26 July 2009 2012-03-27 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120310051213/http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100603/via-rail-g20-100603/20100603/?hub=TorontoNewHome 10 March 2012 instead providing shuttle bus service from the Yorkdale and Scarborough Centre bus terminals to the Brampton and Oshawa stations respectively. Nav Canada announced that it would place restrictions on the airspace in Toronto, making it limited to commercial flights only while all others would be restricted within a 30 nmi km 0 on radius.http://www.torontosun.com/news/torontoandgta/2010/06/09/14326041.html Fighter jets on alert during G20 Tom Godfrey Toronto Sun torontosun.com 9 June 2010 2012-03-26 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120604140328/http://www.torontosun.com/news/torontoandgta/2010/06/09/14326041.html 4 June 2012 Porter Airlines received permission to continue flights to and from Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport.https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/blog-local-view/business-as-usual-for-porter/article1557544/ Business as usual for Porter? The Globe and Mail theglobeandmail 5 May 2010 2012-03-27 Toronto https://web.archive.org/web/20100511055654/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/blog-local-view/business-as-usual-for-porter/article1557544/ 11 May 2010 live The Toronto District School Board and Toronto Catholic District School Board cancelled school bus services to six Downtown schools on June 25, affecting 45,000 students, 10,000 of whom were physically disabled.The Canadian Press https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/g20-forces-toronto-school-bus-cancellations-1.940659 G20 forces Toronto school bus cancellations CBC News cbc.ca 18 June 2010 2012-03-27 Summit organizers established a media centre for international media personnel, journalists, and press reporters at the Direct Energy Centre at the Exhibition Place.http://g20.gc.ca/for-media/media-centre/ Media Centre G20.gc.ca 28 April 2010 2012-04-04 https://web.archive.org/web/20100531073457/http://g20.gc.ca/for-media/media-centre/ 31 May 2010 dead The Federal and Ontario governments constructed a 20000 sqft m2 0 on pavilion, called Experience Canada or Canadian Corridor in the media centre to promote Canadian tourism internationally.https://www.ctvnews.ca/g8-g20-organizer-says-marketing-canada-worth-cost-1.522075 G8/G20 organizer says marketing Canada worth cost CTV News Ottawa.ctv.ca 13 June 2010 2012-03-27 https://web.archive.org/web/20100616014146/http://ottawa.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100613/g8-g20-costs-100613/20100613/?hub=OttawaHome 16 June 2010 dead The pavilion included three life-sized government-funded displays: Cityscape, which showcased successful Canadian businesses and innovation; The Bridge, which included information kiosks for media personnel as well as large high-definition screens that televised the 2010 FIFA World Cup games; and Northern Ontario Oasis, an artificial lakefront based on Muskoka region's cottage country.G20 media centre with fake lake to cost $1.9 million https://www.thestar.com/news/torontog20summit/article/819841--g20-media-centre-with-fake-lake-to-cost-1-9m Toronto Star The Canadian Press thestar.com 10 June 2010 2012-03-27 2021-10-29 https://web.archive.org/web/20211029183817/https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/g20/2010/06/06/g20_media_centre_with_fake_lake_to_cost_19m.html liveSiri Agrell https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/news/ottawa-steered-clear-of-corporate-sponsorships-for-g8-g20/article1608401/ Ottawa steered clear of corporate sponsorships for G8-G20 The Globe and Mail 17 June 2010 2012-03-27 Toronto https://web.archive.org/web/20100620000221/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/news/ottawa-steered-clear-of-corporate-sponsorships-for-g8-g20/article1608401/ 20 June 2010 live The Northern Ontario Oasis included donated canoes, a shoreline with deck chairs for journalists to cool off, and a mobile phone recharging station. The background was a large screen that portrayed various images of the Muskoka region.Heather Scoffield https://www.thestar.com/news/world/g8/article/820057--fake-lake-part-of-1-9m-g20-g8-toronto-media-centre?bn=1 Fake lake part of $1.9M G20/G8 Toronto media centre Toronto Star thestar.com 7 June 2010 2012-03-27 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120419021253/http://www.thestar.com/news/world/g8/article/820057--fake-lake-part-of-1-9m-g20-g8-toronto-media-centre?bn=1 19 April 2012 The cost of the international media centre, the Experience Canada pavilion, and artificial lake, which were $23 million, $1.9 million, and $57,000 respectively, was the target of controversies.https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/pm-defends-g8-fake-lake-pavilion-1.946608 CBC News PM defends G8 fake lake pavilion cbc.ca 8 June 2010 2012-03-27 https://web.archive.org/web/20100611053655/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2010/06/08/g20-fakelake-costs.html 11 June 2010 live Attendance thumb|right|Leaders pose for a group photo at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre Participants of the Toronto summit were announced by Stephen Harper on May 8, 2010. Harper extended invitations to the leaders of Ethiopia and Malawi to further represent the continent of Africa along with South Africa, a G20 member.http://www.newsudanvision.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2127:canadian-prime-minister-invites-malawi-ethiopia-for-g20-summit-in-toronto&catid=3:international&Itemid=10 Canadian Prime Minister invites Malawi, Ethiopia, for G20 summit in Toronto New Sudan Vision 10 May 2010 2012-03-27 https://web.archive.org/web/20100929205300/http://newsudanvision.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2127%3Acanadian-prime-minister-invites-malawi-ethiopia-for-g20-summit-in-toronto&catid=3%3Ainternational&Itemid=10 29 September 2010 usurped He also invited leaders of the Netherlands, Spain, Vietnam, and Nigeria.https://www.voanews.com/a/offor-decapua-nigeria-g8-23jun10-96975959/155031.html G8 Invites 7 African Countries to Muskoka Voice of America 23 June 2010 2012-03-27 live https://web.archive.org/web/20111223204828/http://www.voanews.com/english/news/africa/offor-decapua-nigeria-g8-23jun10-96975959.html 23 December 2011 Toronto Pearson International Airport was the port of entry for delegates attending both the G8 and G20 summits. French president Nicolas Sarkozy and Chinese president Hu Jintao were the first of the G20 leaders to arrive. The arrival of Hu coincided with his state visit to Canada, hosted by Governor General of Canada Michaëlle Jean in Ottawa.https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/article/823204--chinese-president-to-make-extended-visit-to-canada Chinese president to make extended visit to Canada Tonda MacCharles Toronto Star thestar.com 14 June 2010 2012-03-27 2021-10-29 https://web.archive.org/web/20211029183818/https://www.thestar.com/?redirect=true live Presidents Jacob Zuma of South Africa and Goodluck Jonathan of Nigeria arrived on June 24.https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/827910--leaders-begin-arriving-for-g8-g20?bn=1 Leaders begin arriving for G8, G20 Toronto Star thestar.com 24 June 2010 2012-03-27 live https://web.archive.org/web/20121024105429/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/827910--leaders-begin-arriving-for-g8-g20?bn=1 24 October 2012 British prime minister David Cameron arrived on June 25, following a short visit in Halifax to celebrate the centennial of the Canadian Forces Maritime Command. Remaining leaders with the G8 also arrived on the same day. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the International Labour Organization, as well as Ethiopia, Malawi, Nigeria, and Vietnam made their first G20 summit appearances in Toronto. Recently designated heads of government, namely Cameron and Japanese prime minister Naoto Kan, made the G8 and G20 summits their first international conferences. Australia's deputy prime minister, Wayne Swan, attended the summit on behalf of Julia Gillard, whose appointment as prime minister occurred on June 24.https://www.ctvnews.ca/leaders-arrive-in-canada-ahead-of-g8-g20-summits-1.525981 Leaders arrive in Canada ahead of G8/G20 summits CTV News CTV.ca 24 June 2010 2012-03-27 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120310051224/http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100624/g8-g20-leaders-arrive-100624/20100624/?hub=TorontoNewHome 10 March 2012 Brazilian president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva cancelled his trip to remain in his country due to the then-recent flooding in Northeastern Brazil; in his place, Guido Mantega, Brazil's finance minister, headed the nation's delegation.Iuri Dantas https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-06-25/lula-will-skip-g-20-summit-to-oversee-brazil-flood-relief-official-says.html Lula Will Skip G-20 Summit to Oversee Brazil Flood Relief, Official Says Bloomberg 25 June 2010 2012-03-27 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120410065844/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-06-25/lula-will-skip-g-20-summit-to-oversee-brazil-flood-relief-official-says.html 10 April 2012 After the G8 summit in Huntsville, Ontario ended, Cameron, whose aircraft was grounded due to weather conditions, shared transportation to Toronto in Marine One with US President, Barack Obama.http://archive.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2010/06/28/britains_cameron_bolsters_reputation_at_summits/ Britain's Cameron bolsters reputation at summits The Boston Globe boston.com 28 June 2010 2010-09-28 Jane Wardell live https://web.archive.org/web/20120217124711/http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2010/06/28/britains_cameron_bolsters_reputation_at_summits/ 17 February 2012 thumb|Barack Obama (right) and David Cameron (centre) arrive after travelling together on Marine One from Huntsville thumb|Dmitry Medvedev shaking hands with Angela Merkel and Nicolas Sarkozy G20 members Host nation and leader are indicated in bold text Member Represented by Title ARG Argentina Cristina Fernández de KirchnerSebastián Campanario es http://www.losandes.com.ar/notas/2010/6/26/politica-498796.asp Cristina dirá ante las potencias que no hay una sola salida para la crisis Los Andes 26 June 2010 losandes.com.ar 2011-04-06 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20110609073549/http://www.losandes.com.ar/notas/2010/6/26/politica-498796.asp 9 June 2011 President AUS Australia Wayne SwanSandra O'Malley http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-world/swan-to-take-international-stage-at-g20-20100626-zahn.html Swan to take International Stage at G20 The Sydney Morning Herald 26 June 2010 2012-03-27 smh.com live https://web.archive.org/web/20120609105837/http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-world/swan-to-take-international-stage-at-g20-20100626-zahn.html 9 June 2012 Deputy Prime Minister Brazil Brazil Guido MantegaXavier, Luciana. "G-20 deve definir meta de reform a para aprovação em novembro," https://web.archive.org/web/20120920191300/http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/internacional%2Cg-20-deve-definir-meta-de-reforma-para-aprovacao-em-novembro%2C572584%2C0.htm September 20, 2012 Estadão (Brazil). June 26, 2010, retrieved 2011-04-06; Moura, Fabiola. "Brazil Calls 'Draconian' Goal to Halve G-20 Nations' Deficits," https://web.archive.org/web/20100628172946/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-06-26/brazil-calls-draconian-goal-to-halve-g-20-nations-deficits.html June 28, 2010 Bloomberg Businessweek (US). June 26, 2010, retrieved 2011-04-06. Finance Minister CAN Canada Stephen Harperhttp://canadainternational.gc.ca/g20/about-a_propos/canada-canada.aspx?lang=eng Prime Minister's biography Government of Canada 26 July 2010 2012-04-02 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20110613202921/http://canadainternational.gc.ca/g20/about-a_propos/canada-canada.aspx?lang=eng 2011-06-13 Prime Minister PRC People's Republic of China Hu JintaoAre pandas China's G20 gift to Toronto? Raveena Aulakh Toronto Star thestar.com 25 June 2010 President and General SecretaryThe presidentship of China is legally a ceremonial office, but the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (de facto leader) has always held this office since 1993, except for the months of transition. Both of the roles also lead the Central Military Commission. The paramount leader was President Hu Jintao. FRA 1974 France Nicolas SarkozyRomain Gubert http://www.lepoint.fr/business/quatre-francais-pour-rien-26-06-2010-470729_51.php Quatre Français pour rien Le Point lepoint.fr 26 June 2010 fr 2012-03-26 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120322133554/http://www.lepoint.fr/business/quatre-francais-pour-rien-26-06-2010-470729_51.php 22 March 2012 President Germany Germany Angela Merkelhttp://www.macleans.ca/2010/06/25/the-g20-leaders-make-an-entrance/ The G20 Leaders Make an Entrance; Heads of State are Greeted by Mounties as They Arrive for the Summit Maclean's macleans.ca 25 June 2010 2012-03-26 2012-10-13 https://web.archive.org/web/20121013153551/http://www2.macleans.ca/2010/06/25/the-g20-leaders-make-an-entrance/ live Chancellor IND India Manmohan Singhhttp://www.hindustantimes.com/Packed-schedule-awaits-Manmohan-Singh-in-Toronto/Article1-563329.aspx Packed Schedule Awaits Manmohan Singh in Toronto Hindustan Times New Delhi 26 June 2010 2012-03-26 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20100629155056/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Packed-schedule-awaits-Manmohan-Singh-in-Toronto/Article1-563329.aspx 29 June 2010 Prime Minister Indonesia Indonesia Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono President Italy Italy Silvio Berlusconi Prime Minister Japan Japan Naoto Kan Prime Minister MEX Mexico Felipe Calderónhttp://www.cronica.com.mx/nota.php?id_nota=515014 Arriba Calderón a Toronto para participar en Cumbre de G-20 La Crónica de Hoy Mexico City cronica.com.mx 26 June 2010 2012-03-26 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120306022914/http://www.cronica.com.mx/nota.php?id_nota=515014 6 March 2012 President RUS Russian Federation Dmitry Medvedev President Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia Abdullah bin Abdul AzizSyed Rachid Husain http://arabnews.com/world/article74663.ece G20 leaders agree to disagree Arab News Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 28 June 2010 arabnews.com 2011-03-26 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20100629155328/http://arabnews.com/world/article74663.ece 29 June 2010http://arabnews.com/world/article74608.ece Kingdom's G20 participation reflects its stature 27 June 2010 arabnews.com 2011-03-26 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20100630140328/http://arabnews.com/world/article74608.ece 30 June 2010 King RSA South Africa Jacob Zuma President South Korea 1997 Republic of Korea (South Korea) Lee Myung-bakSewell Chan and Jackie Calmes https://www.smh.com.au/world/were-staying-put-obama-warns-north-korea-20100627-zc33.html We're staying put, Obama warns North Korea The Sydney Morning Herald 26 June 2010 smh.com.au 2012-03-26 live https://web.archive.org/web/20121106105313/http://www.smh.com.au/world/were-staying-put-obama-warns-north-korea-20100627-zc33.html 6 November 2012 President Turkey Turkey Recep Tayyip ErdoğanOkan Haksever Erdogan Toronto'ya Mavi Marmara dosyasiyla gitti Dünya Bülteni (Turkey) 27 June 2010http://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/article484949.ece Differences on Economy Set to Play out in Toronto The Hindu Chennai thehindu.com 25 June 2010 2012-03-26 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20110928013707/http://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/article484949.ece 28 September 2011 Prime Minister UK United Kingdom David Cameron Prime Minister US United States Barack Obama President European Union European Commission José Manuel Barroso President European Council Herman Van Rompuy PresidentInvited nations Nation Represented by Title Ethiopia Ethiopiahttp://pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?id=3342 PM announces participation of key leaders at the Toronto G-20 Summit this June Government of Canada 8 May 2010 2012-03-26 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120306065834/http://pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?id=3342 6 March 2012 Meles Zenawi Prime Minister Malawi 1964 Malawi Bingu wa Mutharika President Netherlands Netherlands Jan Peter Balkenendehttp://www.rtl.nl/%28/actueel/rtlnieuws/binnenland/%29/components/actueel/rtlnieuws/2010/06_juni/26/binnenland/balkenende-in-canada-voor-g20_top.xml Balkenende in Canada voor G20-top RTL Nieuws 27 June 2010 rtl.nl nl 2012-03-26 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120322144918/http://www.rtl.nl/(/actueel/rtlnieuws/binnenland/)/components/actueel/rtlnieuws/2010/06_juni/26/binnenland/balkenende-in-canada-voor-g20_top.xml 22 March 2012 Prime Minister Nigeria Nigeria Goodluck Jonathan President Spain Spain José Luis Rodríguez ZapateroZapatero pide ante los líderes de la cumbre imponer "deberes" a los mercados La Razón Madrid 27 June 2010 es larazon.es Prime Minister Vietnam Vietnam Nguyễn Tấn Dũng Prime Minister2010 Chair of ASEANInternational organizations Organization Represented by Title African Union Bingu wa Mutharikahttp://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=145223 Rich man, poor man The Daily Star Dhaka 4 July 2010 dailystar.net Mahmood Hasan 2012-03-26 live https://web.archive.org/web/20121023192031/http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=145223 23 October 2012Les Whittington and Bruce Campion-Smith G20 set to tackle sharp differences over economic policy https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/828930--g20-set-to-tackle-sharp-differences-over-economic-policy Toronto Star 25 June 2010 thestar.com 2012-03-26 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120418213814/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/828930--g20-set-to-tackle-sharp-differences-over-economic-policy 18 April 2012 Chairperson ASEAN Surin PitsuwanPradumna B. Rana https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/opinon/2010/07/137_68891.html How can Asia strengthen its voice at G-20? The Korea Times 6 July 2010 2012-03-26 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120307193937/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/opinon/2010/07/137_68891.html 2012-03-07 Secretary General Nguyễn Tấn Dũng Summit President Financial Stability Board Mario DraghiG-20 Agrees to Cut Debt https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704212804575332663623363920? Bob Davis The Wall Street Journal New York City 28 June 2010 wsj.com 2016-02-14 live https://web.archive.org/web/20160319092942/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704212804575332663623363920 19 March 2016 Chairman International Labour Organization Juan SomavíaBiography of Juan Somavia, Director-General http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/dgo/biography.htm International Labour Organization 4 November 2011 2012-03-23 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120405024604/http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/dgo/biography.htm 5 April 2012 Director-General International Monetary Fund Dominique Strauss-Kahn Managing Director NEPAD Meles Zenawi Chairman OECD José Ángel GurríaAngel Gurría, OECD Secretary-General (CV) OCED Secretary General United Nations United Nations Ban Ki-moonOlivia Ward https://www.thestar.com/news/world/article/829237--ban-ki-moon-at-g20-as-defender-of-the-defenceless Ban Ki-moon at G20 as 'defender of the defenceless' Toronto Star 26 June 2010 thestar.com 2012-03-26 live https://web.archive.org/web/20121021153922/http://www.thestar.com/news/world/article/829237--ban-ki-moon-at-g20-as-defender-of-the-defenceless 21 October 2012 Secretary General World Bank Group Robert Zoellick President World Trade Organization Pascal Lamy Director-General Protests 2010 G20 Toronto summit protests thumb|right|Demonstrators holding signs with slogans against the G20 Major protests occurred in downtown Toronto during the week of the summit, which abruptly escalated during the days of the summit. Early opposition to the G20 included an incident in Ottawa where a bank was firebombed by anarchists, who claimed they would be present during the G20 summit in Toronto.https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/rbc-firebombed-as-protest-group-claims-1.915706 RBC firebombed as protest, group claims CBC.ca CBC News 8 May 2010 2012-03-23 live https://web.archive.org/web/20100522013917/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/rbc-firebombed-as-protest-group-claims-1.915706 22 May 2010 The perceived security threat caused the Integrated Security Unit to increase security measures.https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/812976--ottawa-firebombing-proves-security-need-clement-says Ottawa firebombing proves security need, Clement says Toronto Star 21 May 2010 thestar.com 2010-09-28 Gail Swainson live https://web.archive.org/web/20110607101152/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/812976--ottawa-firebombing-proves-security-need-clement-says 7 June 2011 Protests began one week ahead of the summit, organized by groups including Oxfam Canada and the Ontario Coalition Against Poverty. Issues such as poverty,http://ca.reuters.com/article/topNews/idCATRE65E4RB20100617?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0 Toronto G20 protest hints at more to come Reuters (Canada) 17 June 2010 2012-03-23 Cameron French and Pav Jordan https://web.archive.org/web/20100622091653/http://ca.reuters.com/article/topNews/idCATRE65E4RB20100617?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0 22 June 2010 dead gay rights,https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/827058--gays-lesbians-hold-g20-kiss-in?bn=1 G20 turning downtown Toronto into a ghost town thestar.com 2010-06-22 2010-06-24 Jennifer Yang Liam Casey https://web.archive.org/web/20100626093646/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/827058--gays-lesbians-hold-g20-kiss-in?bn=1 26 June 2010 live capitalism and globalization,https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/826478--g20-protesters-try-to-take-over-downtown-property?bn=1 G20 protesters try to take over downtown property thestar.com 21 June 2010 2010-06-22 Toronto Star Jayme Poisson https://web.archive.org/web/20100625043412/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/826478--g20-protesters-try-to-take-over-downtown-property?bn=1 25 June 2010 live indigenous rights,https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/827924--first-nations-demonstrators-take-over-downtown-streets?bn=1 First nations demonstrators take over downtown streets thestar.com 24 June 2010 2012-03-24 Toronto Star Peter Edwards https://web.archive.org/web/20100627143516/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/827924--first-nations-demonstrators-take-over-downtown-streets?bn=1 27 June 2010 live and controversial issues with the summit itself were the object of protests.https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/riot-police-turn-back-largest-g20-protest-yet-1.526541 Riot police turn back largest G20 protest yet CTV News Toronto.ctv.ca 25 June 2010 2012-03-24 https://web.archive.org/web/20100628035045/http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100625/g20-summit-protest-poverty-100625/20100625/?hub=TorontoNewHome 28 June 2010 dead Despite a few arrests, protests over the week were mainly determined to be peaceful.https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/protests-continue-in-toronto-as-g20-nears-1.914177 Protests continue in Toronto as G20 nears CBC.ca CBC News 22 June 2010 2012-03-24 2021-10-29 https://web.archive.org/web/20211029183829/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/protests-continue-in-toronto-as-g20-nears-1.914177 live As the first day of the summit approached, protesters grew in numbers. Several streets were closed to demonstrations on the debut of the summit. Peaceful protests were followed by black bloc tactics as individuals dressed in black dispersed from the crowd and began damaging the windows of particular businesses across downtown Toronto, mostly fast food chains, retail stores and banks, as well as local businesses.The Canadian Press https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/829168--violent-black-bloc-tactics-on-display-at-g20-protest?bn=1 Violent Black Bloc tactics on display at G20 protest thestar.com 2010-06-26 Toronto Star 2010-06-27 https://web.archive.org/web/20100630071652/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/829168--violent-black-bloc-tactics-on-display-at-g20-protest?bn=1 30 June 2010 live Police cruisers were set on fire and vehicles of media corporations were damaged.http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100626/summit-protests-100626/20100626/?hub=TorontoNewHome Police attempt to clear crowds amid G20 unrest CTV News Toronto.ctv.ca 26 June 2010 2012-03-23 https://web.archive.org/web/20100628062552/http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100626/summit-protests-100626/20100626/?hub=TorontoNewHome 28 June 2010 dead Nearby hospitals, shopping centres, and hotels were put in lockdown mode while public transit services were diverted from downtown to other locations.https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/downtown-subway-streetcar-lines-closed-for-evening-1.526769 TTC lines, Eaton Centre locked down as protests heat up CTV News Toronto.ctv.ca 26 June 2010 2012-03-23 https://web.archive.org/web/20100630151222/http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100626/toronto-chaos-100626/20100626/?hub=TorontoNewHome 30 June 2010 dead As security was further tightened and forces increased in presence the following day, protests against police brutality occurred in front of the Eastern Avenue temporary detention centre, where nearly 500 arrested individuals were kept from the previous day's riots.Jesse Ship 2010-06-28 https://www.ctvnews.ca/toronto/article/another-large-demonstration-follows-the-g20/ Another large demonstration follows the G20 CFTO-DT 13 November 2010 live https://web.archive.org/web/20100902065917/http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100628/toronto-g20-anti-police-rally-100628/20100628?hub=TorontoNewHome 2 September 2010 A group of protesters was also "kettled" for around four-and-a-half hours, including a severe rainstormhttps://www.thestar.com/news/gta/g20/2012/05/16/g20_policing_the_major_incidents.html G20 policing: the major incidents May 16, 2012 Toronto Star October 2, 2021 October 2, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20211002201519/https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/g20/2012/05/16/g20_policing_the_major_incidents.html live after black bloc protesters were believed to be in the crowd.https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/829642--police-defend-crowd-trap-at-queen-and-spadina Police defend crowd trap at Queen and Spadina thestar.com 29 June 2010 2012-03-23 Toronto Star Jesse McLean https://web.archive.org/web/20100701151357/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/829642--police-defend-crowd-trap-at-queen-and-spadina 1 July 2010 live Over 1100 people were confirmed to be arrested over the week.G20-related mass arrests unique in Canadian history https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/news/g20-related-mass-arrests-unique-in-canadian-history/article1621198/ 29 June 2010 The Globe and Mail 2012-04-05 Jill Mahoney and Ann Hui theglobeandmail.com live https://web.archive.org/web/20100728172459/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/news/g20-related-mass-arrests-unique-in-canadian-history/article1621198/ 28 July 2010 The ISU performed sweeping arrests within a specific boundary from the summit venue.https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/828367--g20-law-gives-police-sweeping-powers-to-arrest-people G20 law gives police sweeping powers to arrest people Toronto Star thestar.com 25 June 2010 2012-03-24 Jennifer Yang https://web.archive.org/web/20100628022808/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/828367--g20-law-gives-police-sweeping-powers-to-arrest-people 28 June 2010 live Individuals arrested during the protests condemned the treatment they received from police.Jesse Ship 28 June 2010 https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/829921--i-will-not-forget-what-they-have-done-to-me?bn=1 I will not forget what they have done to me Toronto Star thestar.com 2012-03-23 live https://web.archive.org/web/20100702011919/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/829921--i-will-not-forget-what-they-have-done-to-me?bn=1 2 July 2010 Ultimately, a constable would be convicted of assaulting a protestor and a superintendent of unlawful arrest and discreditable conduct for ordering the "kettling" incidents; both received notional punishments and kept their police jobs.https://www.thestar.com/news/crime/2015/11/11/retired-judge-all-but-weeps-for-guilty-g20-cop-dimanno.html Retired judge all but weeps for guilty G20 cop: DiManno Rosie DiManno November 11, 2015 Toronto Star October 2, 2021 October 2, 2021 https://web.archive.org/web/20211002201518/https://www.thestar.com/news/crime/2015/11/11/retired-judge-all-but-weeps-for-guilty-g20-cop-dimanno.html livehttps://ccla.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Fenton-Penalty-Decision_June-15-2016-C1631822xA0E3A.pdf Archived copy 2021-10-02 2021-10-02 https://web.archive.org/web/20211002201518/https://ccla.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Fenton-Penalty-Decision_June-15-2016-C1631822xA0E3A.pdf live In October, 2020, more than a decade after the summit, the Toronto police conceded that "there were times when matters were not addressed in the way they should have been and many hundreds of members of the public were detained or arrested when they should not have been and were held in detention in conditions that were unacceptable." They agreed to pay $16.5 million to about a thousand people they unlawfully detained or arrested in various incidents.http://www.g20classaction.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/G20-Justice-Belobaba-Reasons-for-Decision.pdf Archived copy 2021-10-02 2020-11-24 https://web.archive.org/web/20201124124824/http://www.g20classaction.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/G20-Justice-Belobaba-Reasons-for-Decision.pdf live Outcome thumb|right|Leaders confer at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre on June 27 Prior to the Toronto summit, it was speculated that it would not see the same outcome as previous summits. This was partially due to most countries' entering recovery mode from the global economic recession after the past G20 summits; thus, the likelihood of new issues being raised was minimal.December 2020 During the working dinner for G20 leaders on the evening of June 26, South African president [Jacob Zuma] promoted more partnership between the international community and Africa for the development in the continent. "As Africa we bring to the G20 Summit the key message that we must, together as the developing and developed worlds, promote stronger and more effective and equal international partnerships for growth and development," he remarked.http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=6&art_id=nw20100627065853768C239086 Zuma urges more partnerships at G20 dinner Independent Online 27 June 2010 2012-03-23 live https://web.archive.org/web/20100628142927/http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=6&art_id=nw20100627065853768C239086 28 June 2010 At the summit, the US president Barack Obama warned that global recovery was still "fragile." In hopes of boosting American exports, he proposed a free trade agreement between the United States and South Korea.Howard Schneider https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/06/26/AR2010062604314.html?sid=ST2010062604320 President Obama urges G-20 nations to spend; they pledge to halve deficits The Washington Post 28 June 2010 washingtonpost.com 2012-03-28 live https://web.archive.org/web/20121112133834/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/06/26/AR2010062604314.html?sid=ST2010062604320 12 November 2012 A key agreement the leaders of developed nations made was to cut annual budget deficits in half by 2013.http://www.cp24.com/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100628/100628_harper_g20/20100628/?hub=CP24Home Harper applauds summit outcome but says G20 still has a lot more to do CP24 28 June 2010 2012-03-27 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120305161607/http://www.cp24.com/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100628/100628_harper_g20/20100628/?hub=CP24Home 5 March 2012 The leaders also agreed on reducing debt-to-GDP ratio in each economy by 2016. The debate on imposing a tax on financial institutions was settled as the group agreed that financial institutions would be required to make fair contributions to recover costs from the financial sector reform,http://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/EN/Topics/International-affairs/Articles/20100816-Outcome-of-the-Toronto-G20-summit.html Outcome of the Toronto G20 summit Federal Ministry of Finance (Germany) 29 June 2010 2012-03-27 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120229212604/http://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/EN/Topics/International-affairs/Articles/20100816-Outcome-of-the-Toronto-G20-summit.html 29 February 2012 but the manner of collecting the contributions would be left to each government.https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/829266--g20-adopts-canadian-compromise-on-deficits-bank-tax G20 adopts Canadian compromise on deficits, bank tax thestar.com 27 June 2010 2012-03-27 Toronto Star Les Whittingon Bruce Campion-Smith and Richard J. Brennan live https://web.archive.org/web/20120419012709/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/829266--g20-adopts-canadian-compromise-on-deficits-bank-tax 19 April 2012 Participants also decided that the institutions would be required to keep a higher amount of financial capital in case of future financial shocks.Clark Gascoigne http://www.financialtaskforce.org/2010/04/23/g20-finance-ministers-communique-is-released/ G20 Finance Ministers Communiqué is Released Task Force on Financial Integrity and Economic Development 23 April 2010 2012-03-27 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20100427041640/http://www.financialtaskforce.org/2010/04/23/g20-finance-ministers-communique-is-released/ 27 April 2010 Climate change and food security were also discussed; the leaders reiterated their commitment to a "greener growth".http://climate-l.org/news/g-20-toronto-summit-addresses-energy-subsidies-climate-change-and-food-security/ G-20 Toronto Summit Addresses Energy Subsidies, Climate Change and Food Security International Institute for Sustainable Development 27 June 2010 2012-03-27 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20110813174308/http://climate-l.org/news/g-20-toronto-summit-addresses-energy-subsidies-climate-change-and-food-security/ 13 August 2011 The G20 Toronto Summit Declaration, which was released shortly after the summit concluded, stated that "serious challenges remain." According to the document, the challenges include high unemployment rates in various economies and the impact of the 2008 financial crisis. The International Monetary Fund, in its post-summit document, indicated that a speedy cut in deficits may substantially slow growth. In a publication entitled Top Ten Commandments for Fiscal Adjustment in Advanced Economies, the organization insisted that balanced public spending could stabilize bond markets, reduce interest rates from less government spending, and encourage private investment. It also recommended that emerging economies such as China, which has largely benefited from trade surpluses, rely less on developed nations and increase their own spending in order to promote domestic demand.The G20 Toronto summit declaration http://canadainternational.gc.ca/g20/summit-sommet/2010/toronto-declaration-toronto.aspx?lang=eng&view=d Government of Canada 3 February 2011 2012-03-27 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120503090441/http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/g20/summit-sommet/2010/toronto-declaration-toronto.aspx?lang=eng&view=d 3 May 2012 dmy-all Criticism Financial costs thumb|$246,000 was spent on a Green wall for G20.https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/living-wall-mass-casualty-kits-all-part-of-1-billion-tab-for-g8g20-summits/article1213892/ https://web.archive.org/web/20160305004209/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/living-wall-mass-casualty-kits-all-part-of-1-billion-tab-for-g8g20-summits/article1213892/ dead Living wall, 'mass casualty kits' all part of $1-billion tab for G8/G20 summits Bill Curry September 23, 2010 March 5, 2016 www.theglobeandmail.com The financial costs of hosting the G8 and G20 summits was the topic of several political debates and the target of criticism by local groups.David Rider Toronto warns Ottawa on G20 costs https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/769614--toronto-warns-ottawa-on-g20-costs Toronto Star 22 February 2010 thestar.com 2012-03-30 live https://web.archive.org/web/20121021153957/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/769614--toronto-warns-ottawa-on-g20-costs 21 October 2012 The reasons for the large price for both summits were questioned by some politicians and local groups. Members of Parliament Olivia Chow and Mark Holland labelled the initially claimed budget of $1.1-billion for hosting the summits as "obscene" and "insane" while others argued that the money could have been used for long-pending municipal projects in Canada,https://www.ctvnews.ca/security-chief-defends-high-cost-of-g8-g20-summits-1.516679 Security chief defends high cost of G8-G20 summits CTV.ca 28 May 2010 2012-03-30 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20100609185308/http://www.ctv.ca/CTVNews/Canada/20100528/g8-g20-costs-page-100528/?s_name=&no_ads= 9 June 2010Jon Sufrin http://www.torontolife.com/daily/informer/summit-survivor/2010/05/26/833-million-security-bill-for-g20-and-g8-called-insane/ $833-million security bill for G20 and G8 called 'insane' Toronto Life 26 May 2010 2012-04-01 torontolife.com dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120227045544/http://www.torontolife.com/daily/informer/summit-survivor/2010/05/26/833-million-security-bill-for-g20-and-g8-called-insane/ 27 February 2012 such as Transit City.Stephen Pate http://www.oyetimes.com/views/columns/3186-1-billion-price-tag-for-g20-security-and-climbing $1 billion price tag for G20 security and climbing Oye! Times oyetimes.com 27 June 2010 2012-04-01 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120226215954/http://www.oyetimes.com/views/columns/3186-1-billion-price-tag-for-g20-security-and-climbing 26 February 2012 The security cost for the two summits was believed to be more expensive than the combined security costs of the 2010 Winter Olympics and Paralympics in Vancouver and Whistler, British Columbia, which were $878 million. However, according to final calculations from the House of Commons of Canada as of October 2010, the exact cost for holding both summits was $857,901,850.31, making it less expensive than the security costs for the 2010 Winter Olympics. It was initially claimed that the summits stand as the most expensive ever held, with security costs for the London and Pittsburgh reported as having been only $30 million and $18 million, respectively. However, the Canadian Parliamentary Budget Officer, Kevin Page, stated in his official report on the costs of the Huntsville and Toronto gatherings that other countries had not been as open about the full price for the similar meetings held there and that the $18 million figure for the Pittsburgh summit was merely for overtime pay for local police and the cost of law enforcement brought from other regions.Janice Tibbetts Tories 'transparent' on security costs: Watchdog http://www.canada.com/news/Federal+government+transparent+summit+security+costs+Watchdog/3192674/story.html canada.com Ottawa Citizen Canwest News Service 23 June 2010 2012-04-05 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120517034458/http://www.canada.com/news/Federal+government+transparent+summit+security+costs+Watchdog/3192674/story.html 17 May 2012 Ward Elcock, former Canadian Security Intelligence Service director and the chief of the Integrated Security Units for the Winter Olympics and the G8/G20 summits, claimed that the security costs were in fact "comparable" with those of previous summits. Finance minister Jim Flaherty defended the security cost, claiming "it's necessary to spend substantially to have security. It's Canada's turn, and it's necessary that we either don't take our turn or pay the appropriate price to have the security that is necessary so that everyone is safe here in Toronto."http://winnipeg.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100607/flaherty_cost_100607/20100607/?hub=WinnipegHome Financial reform taking too long: Flaherty CTV News CTV.ca 7 June 2010 2012-03-28 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120224080622/http://winnipeg.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100607/flaherty_cost_100607/20100607/?hub=WinnipegHome 24 February 2012 The creation of the $23-million international media centre, which included the $1.9 million Experience Canada pavilion and $57,000 artificial lake, at the Exhibition Place was widely opposed and criticized by politicians as "a waste of taxpayers' money."http://looncanada.wordpress.com/2010/06/08/g20-summit-fake-lake-has-canadian-taxpayers-in-stitches/ https://web.archive.org/web/20100611084935/http://looncanada.wordpress.com/2010/06/08/g20-summit-fake-lake-has-canadian-taxpayers-in-stitches/ dead 11 June 2010 G20 summit's $2 million "fake lake" has Canadian taxpayers in stitches Loon Canada 28 June 2010 2012-03-28 Criticism mainly targeted Stephen Harper and Canada's Conservative government. Some protesting groups gave names to the artificial lake, such as "Harper's Folly".http://www.ctvnews.ca/tories-say-artificial-lake-will-help-showcase-canada-1.519998 Tories say artificial lake will help 'showcase Canada' CTV.ca CTV News 7 June 2010 2012-03-28 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120119025822/http://www.ctv.ca/CTVNews/TopStories/20100607/g20-security-cost-100607/ 19 January 2012 In a debate in the House of Commons, member Mark Holland said, "Instead of hosting world leaders, maybe the government should consider party planning for Lady Gaga."http://www.torontosun.com/news/canada/2010/06/07/14291091.html 'Fake lake' flak dogs PM Torontosun.com Toronto Sun 7 June 2010 2012-03-28 Bryn Weese live https://web.archive.org/web/20120125223638/http://www.torontosun.com/news/canada/2010/06/07/14291091.html 25 January 2012 According to some critics, the spending misled the objective of the summits into showing off Canada's attributes instead of promoting the summits' agendas.Tories pilloried for fake lake at G8/G20 media centre https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/ottawa-notebook/tories-pilloried-for-fake-lake-at-g8g20-media-centre/article1595348/ theglobeandmail.com The Globe and Mail Jane Taber 7 June 2010 2012-03-28 https://web.archive.org/web/20100915141804/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/ottawa-notebook/tories-pilloried-for-fake-lake-at-g8g20-media-centre/article1595348/ 15 September 2010 live New Democratic Party leader Jack Layton condemned the Harper government, saying, "we've got a government here that has to create an artificial lake when Canada has more lakes than just about any other country in the world. It is the taxpayers who are going to end up at the bottom of the fake lake." Transport minister John Baird defended the artificial lake, saying that the summits gave a "chance to showcase the very best that [Canada] has to offer." Foreign affairs minister Lawrence Cannon said it was "normal practice" for a country to showcase its attributes while hosting world events. Harper also defended by saying, "This is a classic attempt for us to be able to market the country."Ottawa defends $1.9-million taste of Muskoka at G20 media centre https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/news/ottawa-defends-19-million-taste-of-muskoka-at-g20-media-centre/article1595709/ The Globe and Mail 7 June 2010 Siri Agrell 2012-03-28 live https://web.archive.org/web/20110126044809/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/news/ottawa-defends-19-million-taste-of-muskoka-at-g20-media-centre/article1595709/ 26 January 2011 Upon its opening, the artificial lake received mostly negative reviews from Canadian reporters.https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/827453--g20-fake-lake-makes-its-debut G20 'Fake Lake' makes its debut thestar.com Toronto Star 23 June 2010 2012-03-28 David Rider live https://web.archive.org/web/20121021154016/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/827453--g20-fake-lake-makes-its-debut 21 October 2012 Economic impact The summit's economic impact was a major concern of a few local politicians and citizens. The City of Toronto government, as well as some public representatives, previously argued that the G20 summit should be held at an isolated venue, such as the Exhibition Place, rather than the Metro Toronto Convention Centre, which is located in the city's central business district.Lessons for G20 security from Vancouver Olympics https://www.thestar.com/news/torontog20summit/article/820332--lessons-for-g20-security-from-vancouver-olympics theStar.com Toronto Star 7 June 2010 2012-03-28 Jesse McLean 2021-10-29 https://web.archive.org/web/20211029183858/https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/g20/2010/06/07/lessons_for_g20_security_from_vancouver_olympics.html live As a result, during the aftermath of the protests during the summit, when several business and properties in Downtown Toronto were damaged, mayor David Miller urged the federal government to compensate for all the damages. It was initially outlined by the government that only damages to businesses within the security zone would be compensated. However, all damages occurred outside of the security zone. Some businesses in the downtown core suffered financially as a result.https://www.ctvnews.ca/advocates-want-compensation-for-t-o-businesses-1.527867 Advocates want compensation for T.O. businesses CTV.ca CTV News Toronto 26 June 2010 2012-03-28 dead https://web.archive.org/web/20120310051412/http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100629/toronto-riot-compensation-businesses-100629/20100629/?hub=TorontoNewHome 10 March 2012 According to Member of Parliament John McCallum, "Stephen Harper made a huge mistake in holding this summit in downtown Toronto." According to the Toronto Star, at least 40 stores in the Downtown Yonge Business Improvement Area suffered damages and one repair firm performed up to $750,000 in repairs.https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/829912--pressure-builds-on-ottawa-for-compensation?bn=1 Pressure builds on Ottawa for compensation thestar.com Toronto Star 29 June 2010 2012-03-28 David Rider and Susan Delacourt live https://web.archive.org/web/20100702011815/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/829912--pressure-builds-on-ottawa-for-compensation?bn=1 2 July 2010 International response On June 17, the United States Department of State issued a travel alert for Toronto, warning tourists of the expected traffic disruptions and potentially violent protests during the G20 summit. The alert, which was expected to expire on the last day of the summit, stated that "Even demonstrations that are meant to be peaceful can become violent and unpredictable." Toronto Mayor David Miller described the warning as an "over-reaction."Jesse McLean U.S. issues G20 travel alert for Toronto https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/824844--u-s-issues-g20-travel-alert-for-toronto?bn=1 Toronto Star thestar.com 18 June 2010 2012-04-03 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120418205124/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/torontog20summit/article/824844--u-s-issues-g20-travel-alert-for-toronto?bn=1 18 April 2012 During the summit, a few overseas reporters commented on Canada and the summits. A reporter of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) made positive remarks about Canada's economy, saying "The Canadians, it seems, have answers for even the toughest puzzles and they are keen to share their strategies with the rest of the world. Why in this economy, we all want to be Canadian." A writer in The New York Times made positive comments about the summits' preparations and natural beauty of the Muskoka region. The Times of India and The Hindu commented on impacts on city life in Toronto due to the G20 summit and the "unprecedented" security measures taken in Canada. A Reuters reporter, on the other hand, condemned the international media centre's artificial lake.http://www.cp24.com/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100626/100626_cost_g20/20100626/?hub=CP24Home World media buzzing about cost of G20 security and fake lake The Canadian Press 26 June 2010 CP24 2012-04-03 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120305161433/http://www.cp24.com/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20100626/100626_cost_g20/20100626/?hub=CP24Home 5 March 2012 Looking forward, French president Nicolas Sarkozy announced that the costs for hosting the proposed 2011 G20 Cannes summit and 37th G8 summit in France would be one-tenth of Canada's.https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/news/sarkozy-says-his-g8g20-will-cost-one-tenth-of-canadas/article1619637/ Sarkozy says his G8/G20 will cost one-tenth of Canada's The Globe and Mail theglobeandmail.com Bill Curry 27 June 2010 2012-04-03 live https://web.archive.org/web/20120104113136/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/g8-g20/news/sarkozy-says-his-g8g20-will-cost-one-tenth-of-canadas/article1619637/ 4 January 2012 See also yes Economics Canada Politics 14th G7 summit G20 Research Group Notes References 30em External links http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/g20/summit-sommet/2010/toronto-toronto.aspx?lang=eng&menu_id=3 2010, 06, Toronto Category:Diplomatic conferences in Canada Category:Organized events in Toronto Category:History of Toronto Category:2010 diplomatic conferences Category:2010 in economic history Category:2010 in Toronto Category:June 2010 in Canada