1985 Hungarian parliamentary election

none 1985 Hungarian parliamentary election Hungarian People's Republic parliamentary no 1980 Hungarian parliamentary election 1980 1990 Hungarian parliamentary election 1990 All 387 seats in the National Assembly 8 June 1985 94.02% 150x150px János Kádár MSZMP HNF FF0000 25 October 1956 288 36 100x150px – Independents HNF DDDDDD – 98 2 Parliamentary elections were held in Hungary on 8 June 1985.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p899 978-3-8329-5609-7 The Patriotic People's Front, dominated by the Communist Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party, was the only organisation allowed to contest the election. All prospective candidates had to accept the Front's program in order to be eligible.Burant, Stephen R. Hungary: A Country Study p181 The MSZMP, the only legal political party in the country, won 288 of the 387 seats, with 98 of the remaining 99 going to independents selected by the party. The one other seat remained unfilled until the following year.Nohlen & Stöver, p932 Electoral system The elections took place under new rules enacted in 1983 that allowed for wider participation in the electoral process. In addition to the 352 single-member constituencies, a further 35 MPs were elected unopposed via a national list. According to Politburo member Mihaly Korom, this was necessary in order to ensure the "representation of leading personalities" whose activities extended "beyond the boundaries of their electoral districts."Nohlen & Stöver, p923Burant, p. 184 Voters who were away from home on election day could only vote on the national list, which had around 160,000 extra voters compared to the single-member constituencies. There had to be at least two candidates in the single-member constituencies, which was achieved everywhere except Keszthely, where one candidate withdrew his nomination. A by-election was later held for the seat in the spring of 1986. In 54 constituencies, mainly in urban areas, at least three and as many as four candidates appeared on the ballot.Burant, p. 184 Results File:Hungarian Parliament_1985.svg SMCs National list Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party 6636685 2 7145601 2 288 +36 Independents 98 –2 Vacant 2 1 – Against 79702 64894 +35 386759 55420 7586480 7728208 Nohlen & Stöver, IPU,Parline database of the Interparliamentary Union: HUNGARY_1985_E.PDF OtherA választási eredmények 1945–1990 The activity of the parliament The parliamentary term was determined by the last years of the Cold War, the impending defeat of the Soviet Union created a gradual opening towards a market economy. Finally, during the 1989 revolution, the political changes also took place. The seventh and final five-year plan was adopted in 1985, the economic goals of which were determined by the 13th Congress of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party.https://jogkodex.hu/jsz/1985_7_torveny_8537801 Act VII of 1985 on the Seventh Five-Year Plan of the National Economy 18 May 2026 hu The education system was modernized and schools were given greater autonomy.https://jogkodex.hu/jsz/1985_1_torveny_9884370 Act I of 1985 on Education 18 May 2026 hu The ownership, use, circulation and protection of agricultural land were comprehensively regulated.https://jogkodex.hu/jsz/1987_1_torveny_8400750 Act I of 1987 on Land 18 May 2026 hu VAT was introduced https://jogkodex.hu/jsz/1987_5_torveny_1969868 Act V of 1987 on Value Added Tax 18 May 2026 hu and personal income tax.https://jogkodex.hu/jsz/1987_6_torveny_7671397 Act VI of 1987 on Personal Income Tax 18 May 2026 hu The power of the Presidential Council were limited and the primary legislative role of the National Assembly was strengthened.https://jogkodex.hu/jsz/1987_10_torveny_9181472 Act X of 1987 on the Amendment of the Constitution 18 May 2026 hu The Kft, Rt, Bt and Kkt corporate forms were createdhttps://jogkodex.hu/jsz/gt_1988_6_torveny_5182423 Act VI of 1988 on Business Associations 18 May 2026 hu and the corporate profit tax was introduced.https://jogkodex.hu/jsz/1988_9_torveny_1132488 Act IX of 1988 on Corporate Profit Tax 18 May 2026 hu FDI was made possible.https://net.jogtar.hu/jogszabaly?docid=98800024.tv Act XXIV of 1988 on Foreign Investments in Hungary 18 May 2026 hu End of communism in Hungary The establishment of associations, political parties and civil society organisations became free,https://njt.jog.gov.hu/jogszabaly/1989-2-00-00 Act II of 1989 on the right of association 18 May 2026 hu the holding of peaceful demonstrations, marches and events,https://jogkodex.hu/jsz/gyt_1989_3_torveny_3424615 Act III of 1989 on the Right of Assembly 18 May 2026 hu unrestricted travel and emigration abroad.https://jogkodex.hu/jsz/1989_28_torveny_4977516 Act XXVIII of 1989 on Travel Abroad and Passports 18 May 2026 hu Legal strikes became possiblehttps://net.jogtar.hu/jogszabaly?docid=98900007.tv Act VII of 1989 on Strikes 18 May 2026 hu and the Workers' Militia was abolished.https://jogkodex.hu/jsz/1989_30_torveny_6094838 Act XXX of 1989 on the abolition of the workers' guard 18 May 2026 hu The Third Republic,https://data.globalcit.eu/NationalDB/docs/1989._évi_XXXI._törvény.pdf Twenty-fourth Amendment to the Constitution 18 May 2026 hu the Constitutional Court,https://njt.jog.gov.hu/jogszabaly/1989-32-00-00.12 Act XXXII of 1989 on the Constitutional Court 18 May 2026 hu the State Audit Office (Hungary) hu Állami Számvevőszékhttps://njt.jog.gov.hu/jogszabaly/1989-38-00-00.20 Act XXXVIII of 1989 on the State Audit Office 18 May 2026 hu was established. The possibility of reviewing the judgments related to the 1956 revolution,https://net.jogtar.hu/jogszabaly?docid=98900036.tv Act XXXVI of 1989 on the redress of convictions related to the 1956 popular uprising 18 May 2026 hu and the possibility of referendumshttps://jogkodex.hu/jsz/1989_17_torveny_3103801 Act XVII of 1989 on referendums and popular initiatives 18 May 2026 hu was created. The Presidential Council was abolished, replaced by the President of the Republic, who is elected by the National Assembly by secret ballot.https://jogkodex.hu/jsz/1989_35_torveny_9357804 Act XXXV of 1989 on the Election of the President of the Republic 18 May 2026 hu The system of parliamentary elections was changed: it became free and multi-party, the number of single-member district was reduced, and the multi-member constituencies and the national compensation list were introduced.https://jogkodex.hu/jsz/vjt_1989_34_torveny_3754520 Act XXXIV of 1989 on the Election of Members of Parliament 18 May 2026 hu References Category:Parliamentary elections in Hungary Parliamentary Hungary Category:One-party elections Hungary hu:Országgyűlési választások a Magyar Népköztársaságban#1985