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1634 in France
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1634
Events from the year 1634 in France.
Incumbents
Monarch: Louis XIIISturdy David Richelieu and Mazarin: A Study in Statesmanship 14 March 2017 Bloomsbury Publishing 978-1-350-31732-1 20 https://books.google.com/books?id=W_VGEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT20 en
Events
January–June
January
Franche-Comté reverts to direct rule from Spain following the previous month's death of Isabella Clara Eugenia: a political change that has been argued to mark the beginning the Ten Years' War within the Thirty Years' War.Gérard Louis La guerre de Dix Ans, 1634-1644 Presses Univ. Franche-Comté 1998 9782251606514 11
Edict on the nobility.Philippe Le Bas France – Dictionnaire Encyclopédique 2 Firmin Didot Frères 1840 199
January 19 – Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine abdicates in favour of his brother Nicholas Francis at Mirecourt; on February 1 he crosses the Rhine at Breisach and retires to Besançon.Souleyreau, Marie-Catherine Vignal Le trésor pillé du Roi – Correspondance du Cardinal de Richelieu - Année 1634 1 L'Harmattan 2013 9782296515932
February 18 – Nicholas Francis of Lorraine marries his cousin Claude Françoise at Lunéville against the advice of the king of France; on returning to Nancy, the ducal family is arrested by French troops and held in custody.
thumb|Battle of Wattwiller depicted by Matthäus Merian
March 2 – Battle of Wattwiller: Forces of the Swedish Empire are victorious over those of the Holy Roman Empire and Duchy of Lorraine on the plain of Cernay in Alsace.Johann Daniel Schoepflin L'Alsace illustrée – ou recherches sur l'Alsace pendant la domination des Celtes, des Romains, des Francs, des Allemands et des Français 4 Perrin Mulhouse 1851 231
March 6 – Henriette and Marguerite of Lorraine manage to flee Nancy for Franche-Comté.
March 26 – Giorgio Bolognetti is appointed Apostolic Nuncio to France.
April 1 – Nicholas Francis of Lorraine and his wife flee to Franche-Comté; of their family only Nicole, Duchess of Lorraine, who is ill, remains in Nancy. She is transferred to Paris where she arrives on May 7. Richelieu charges the count of Brassac to administer Lorraine.
April 16 – Sumptuary laws proscribe embroidery of gold or silver.Henri Baudrillart Histoire du luxe privé et public, depuis l'Antiquité jusqu'à nos jours: Tome IV - Le luxe dans les Ligaran 2016 9782335163407
July–December
July 26 – Siege of La Mothe-en-Bassigny in Lorraine by Armand Nompar de Caumont ends after 141 days when it capitulates to him.
July 4 – The trading post of Trois-Rivières is founded in New France (the modern-day Canadian province of Quebec).
August (prob.) – Jean Nicolet becomes the first European to set foot in Wisconsin. He is in search of a water-route to the Pacific, when he lands at Green Bay (Lake Michigan).
August 12 – Ferry de Haraucourt de Chambley is nominated as bailiff of Nancy.
August 18 – Loudun possessions: Father Urbain Grandier is burned at the stake in Loudun having been accused of demonic possession and of having introduced it to the convent of Ursulines here.Michel Carmona Les Diables de Loudun – Sorcellerie et politique sous Richelieu Fayard 1988 9782213650869Aldous Huxley Aldous Huxley The Devils of Loudun London Chatto & Windus 1952 (Fiction).
September 5 – The Parlement of Paris declares the second marriage of Gaston, Duke of Orléans, with Marguerite of Lorraine, to be invalid; it condemns Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine for felony and kidnapping of Gaston and reunites the Duchy of Bar with the kingdom.Françoise Hildesheimer Richelieu Flammarion 9782081273917
September 11
After the Battle of Nördlingen, Richelieu advises the king to continue to support the anti-Habsburg cause.Barberini, Francesco Blet, Pierre Correspondance du nonce en France Ranuccio Scotti, 1639-1641 Gregorian & Biblical Book Shop 1965 9788876524899 67
Beginning of the Grands Jours de Poitiers fr, extraordinary justice sessions instigated by the king.Jean Charles Léonard Simonde de Sismondi Histoire des français 16 Société typographique belge 1841 146
September 16–17 – Edict and declaration of the king at Monceaux ordering establishment of a sovereign council at Nancy (continues to 13 July 1637).
October 8 – Gaston, Duke of Orléans, leaves Brussels and returns to Paris. On October 21 at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, he swears before the king "to love the cardinal as much as he had hated him".Jean Charles Léonard Simonde de Sismondi Histoire des français 23 Treuttel et Würtz Paris 1840 252
October 9 – Treaty between the king and the Swedish Empire over Alsace;Jacques Bernard Abraham-Nicolas Amelot de La Houssaie Recueil des traitez 3 Henry et la veuve de T. Boom Amsterdam 1700 359 French garrisons replace the Swedish here.
October 13 – Foundation of the hospice des Incurables, the future Laennec hospital of Paris.Administration générale de l'assistance publique à Paris Inventaire-sommaire des Archives hospitalières antérieures à 1790 2 Grandremy & Henon 1884 108
November 17 – Cardinal Mazarin, named apostolic nuncio extraordinary on August 19, arrives in Paris to negotiate restitution of the estates of the Duke of Lorraine and to reconcile France and the Habsburgs, taking up his duties on November 26.
Undated
François Leclerc du Tremblay (Père Joseph) becomes a member of the Conseil du Roi as Ministre d’État.Michel Carmona La France de Richelieu Fayard 1984 9782213650111
The Académie française is founded by Cardinal Richelieu.
First Théâtre du Marais opens in Paris.
Temple du Marais completed in Paris.
Robert Giffard de Moncel spearheads Perche migration to New France.
Trading post of La Baye is founded in New France.
Doubling of the taille (land tax) to finance the Thirty Years' War.Peronnet, Michel Molinier, Alain Michel, Henri Laget, Mireille Bercé, Yves-Marie Le XVIIe siècle, 1620–1740: De la Contre-réforme aux Lumières Hachette Éducation Technique 2005 9782011814340
Births
February 14 – Pierre Martin de La Martinière, physician, surgeon and explorer
March 18 (bapt.) – Madame de La Fayette, novelist (died 1693)
April 6 – Pierre Thomas, scholar and memoirist (died 1698)
July 14 – Pasquier Quesnel, Jansenist theologian (died 1719)
Deaths
June 26 – Nikolaus Ager, botanist (born 1568)
August 18 – Urbain Grandier, priest, executed (born 1590)
October 19 – Agnes of Jesus, nun (born 1602)
Approximate date – Marin le Bourgeoys, artist, gunsmith, inventor and luthier (born c. 1550)
See also
France History Lists
References
1634
Category:1630s in France
France